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There is no oil left on earth.Therefore, there is no power for electricity.
Describe your morning routine getting ready for school without using any electricity.
The Rise of IndustryThe Rise of Industry
How did big business & new How did big business & new inventions change society and inventions change society and
lead to industrial growth?lead to industrial growth?
What is industrialization?What is industrialization? a change from hand-made production a change from hand-made production
to machine manufacturingto machine manufacturing
increased the supply & lowered the increased the supply & lowered the cost of producing finished goods cost of producing finished goods
How did improved How did improved transportation help transportation help industrialization?industrialization?
RRs and canals RRs and canals allowed businesses to allowed businesses to ship finished goods ship finished goods to national markets to national markets throughout the U.S.throughout the U.S.
Moved natural Moved natural resources to eastern resources to eastern factories factories
Ex. iron ore to steel Ex. iron ore to steel mills in Pittsburghmills in Pittsburgh
How did farm & city life change How did farm & city life change after the Civil War?after the Civil War?
Mechanization (ex. McCormick reaper) Mechanization (ex. McCormick reaper) reduced farm labor needs & increased reduced farm labor needs & increased food productionfood production
People moved from farms (rural areas) People moved from farms (rural areas) to cities (urban areas) looking for jobsto cities (urban areas) looking for jobs
People moved
What inventions & innovations What inventions & innovations changed life in America?changed life in America?
Skyscrapers – Skyscrapers – allowed people allowed people & businesses & businesses to concentrate to concentrate in urban areas in urban areas
STEEL - allowed STEEL - allowed architecture to architecture to go up, not outgo up, not out
What inventions & innovations What inventions & innovations changed life in America?changed life in America?
Electricity – Electricity – extended the extended the factory work day factory work day past sunsetpast sunset
Thomas Edison – Thomas Edison – inventor of the inventor of the light bulblight bulb
What inventions & innovations What inventions & innovations changed life in America?changed life in America?
Telephone – Telephone – allowed allowed communication communication across long across long distancesdistances
Alexander Graham Alexander Graham Bell - inventorBell - inventor
What inventions & innovations What inventions & innovations changed life in America?changed life in America?
Assembly lines Assembly lines lowered the lowered the costs of making costs of making finished goodsfinished goods
Henry Ford Henry Ford uses to lower uses to lower cost of Model-T cost of Model-T FordsFords
How did industrialization How did industrialization affect consumers?affect consumers?
AdvertisingAdvertising
Mail order Mail order catalogscatalogs
Who were major industrial Who were major industrial leaders at the turn of the leaders at the turn of the
century?century?CAPTAINS OF INDUSTRYCAPTAINS OF INDUSTRY
JOHN D. ROCKEFELLERJOHN D. ROCKEFELLER
Creator of Standard Creator of Standard Oil CompanyOil Company
Created a monopoly Created a monopoly by controlling 90% by controlling 90% of US oil refineriesof US oil refineries
Who were major industrial Who were major industrial leaders at the turn of the leaders at the turn of the
century?century?CAPTAINS OF INDUSTRYCAPTAINS OF INDUSTRY
ANDREW CARNEGIEANDREW CARNEGIE
Steel industry Steel industry giantgiant
Controlled steel Controlled steel production from production from
raw materials to raw materials to finished steelfinished steel
Who were major industrial leaders Who were major industrial leaders at the turn of the century?at the turn of the century?CAPTAINS OF INDUSTRYCAPTAINS OF INDUSTRY
CORNELIUS VANDERBILTCORNELIUS VANDERBILT
Shipping & railroadsShipping & railroads
Self-made millionaire Self-made millionaire known for his cut-known for his cut-throat business throat business practicespractices
Why were these business Why were these business leaders known as “robber leaders known as “robber barons” and “Captains of barons” and “Captains of
Industry”? Industry”? Represented 1% of the populationRepresented 1% of the population Lived the life of royaltyLived the life of royalty Ruthless competitors who used position Ruthless competitors who used position
to gain influence, wealth, and powerto gain influence, wealth, and power Controlled their industries (monopolies)Controlled their industries (monopolies) Philanthropists (givers of money) who Philanthropists (givers of money) who
donated millions to worthy causesdonated millions to worthy causes
“Get in my way and I’ll crush you!” Andrew Carnegie
How did big business lead to How did big business lead to political corruption (dishonesty political corruption (dishonesty
in government)?in government)?
Business leaders Business leaders believed “bigger was believed “bigger was better”better”
Created huge Created huge corporations (trusts) by corporations (trusts) by taking over smaller taking over smaller companies & companies & eliminating competitioneliminating competition
Why did labor unions form?Why did labor unions form? Workers joined together to form labor Workers joined together to form labor
unions using strikes & boycotts to unions using strikes & boycotts to protest low wages, long hours, unsafe protest low wages, long hours, unsafe working conditionsworking conditions
Why did labor unions form?Why did labor unions form? American Federation of Labor (AFL) – one American Federation of Labor (AFL) – one
of the 1of the 1stst labor unions labor unions Only skilled white male workers could joinOnly skilled white male workers could join But not immigrants, minorities, womenBut not immigrants, minorities, women Early strikes were violent & unsuccessfulEarly strikes were violent & unsuccessful
Samuel Gompers – labor union organizer & founder of the AFL
What were the results of the What were the results of the Homestead Strike?Homestead Strike?
Cause: Steel workers at Carnegie Cause: Steel workers at Carnegie Steel, Homestead, PA went on strike Steel, Homestead, PA went on strike due to wage cutsdue to wage cuts
Result: 1) “War” between striking Result: 1) “War” between striking workers, company guards, and workers, company guards, and government troops government troops
2) workers lost, were 2) workers lost, were
fired, wages cutfired, wages cut
How did industrialization How did industrialization change America?change America?
Between the Civil War and WWI, the U. Between the Civil War and WWI, the U. S. was transformed from an S. was transformed from an agricultural to an industrial nation.agricultural to an industrial nation.
Label each head and create thought Label each head and create thought bubbles explaining each figure’s bubbles explaining each figure’s answer to this question:answer to this question:
““Has industrialization & the growth Has industrialization & the growth of cities improved life in America? of cities improved life in America?
Why or why not?”Why or why not?”
On the left side of your notebook, draw heads and facial On the left side of your notebook, draw heads and facial expressions of FOUR– late 19expressions of FOUR– late 19thth century Americans – a century Americans – a
factory workerfactory worker, , business ownerbusiness owner, a , a labor union organizerlabor union organizer, , and a and a political machine politicianpolitical machine politician. Use 5 colors!. Use 5 colors!