8/10/2019 Theories and Concepts of Town Planning
2/2
Concept of human settlement.the concept termed as
ekistics,meaning science of
human settlementthis was coined by k.a. Doxiadis.this includes
regional, city,
community planning &dwelling design.he organized 5 ekistic
elements : nature,anthropos, society,shells & nehoorks.ekistics
aims to encompass all scales of humanhabitation & seek to learn
from archaeoslogical historic record, as much as possible, at
total settlement pattern.the key principles were: a)
optimization of potentialcontacts. B) minimize efforts to make
contacts. C) try to make things easy & easy
accesiblity. D) optimization opf protective open space. E) waste
balance with
benvironment. F) synthesis of all principles.
Mile high city conceptthis gave new direction to living..
Thiswas a concept based on
vertical living.this explains that a tower 1 mile highshall be
built and all community
shall livein it .the idea of this living came so that theland
could be utilized forgreeningpurposes.
Single nuclei theorythis is a model of urban land use in which a
city grows from central
point.centre being the nucleus is the major part of the city.the
major complexes
formed the centre of the city and other parts of city originate
from the centre of thenucleus.
Multi nuclei theorythis model is a model of urban land use in
which a city grows fromseveral independent points rather than from
one central business district. Each point
acts as a growth center from a particular kind of land use, such
as industry, retail, or
high-quality housing. As these expand, they merge to form a
single urban area.somecenters or nodes include: o ports, o
universities, o airports, o parks, o neighborhood
business centers.criticisms about the multiple nuclei model 1)
negligence of height ofbuildings. 2) non-existence of abrupt
divisions between zones. 3) each zone displays a
significant degree of internal heterogeneity and not
homogeneity. 4) unawareness of
inertia forces. 5) no consideration of influence of physical
relief and government policy.6) the concepts may not be totally
applicable to oriental cities with different cultural,
economic and political backgrounds.
Sector theorydeveloped by homer hoyt.basic idea: once contrasts
in land use hadarisen near the centre of a city, these differences
were perpetuated as the city
expanded.distinctive sectors of land use were likely to grow out
from the center often
focused on major routeways.it was a wedge like expansion, which
was also animprovement to previous theories.
