1. New Technologies in Transportation and Communication
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2. Tripling of the Non West Population
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3. Decline of the West as a colonial power
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Marxism Communism New Nationalism Fundamentalism
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4. New Ideologies challenge traditional orders
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5. Accelerated Changes for women in the western world
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6. Decreases in birthrates in the Industrialized/ Western
World
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Germany Russia China Egypt India Vietnam Israel monarchy
Dynasty Protectorate Colony Republic Communist Republic Socialist
Republic Communist Republic CountryGovt. 1900Govt. 2000
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7. Political and economic formation - nearly every country had
a different form of government in 1900 than it does today
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8. Changes in the power structure 1900 Landed Aristocracy 2000
Upper Middle Class
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Causes of World War I The Great War
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MAINMAIN A T I O N A L I S M L L I A N C E S M P E R A L I S M
I L I T A R I S M
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CauseDescriptionExamples Militarism Alliances Imperialism
Nationalism Causes of World War I MAIN
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Cause 1: Massive buildup of armies Obsession with
security/product of nationalism Arms race Militarism
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Examples of Brit. and Ger. build massive navies.
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Cause 2: Europe was divided into 2 armed alliances Pledged
absolute support Created a domino effect System of Alliances
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Examples of Triple Entente Triple Alliance Britain Russia
France Germany Austria Ottoman Serbia *Italy switches sides mid way
through the war AlliesCentral Powers
Cause 3: Competition over acquiring colonies Imperialism Spain
Portugal Italy Germany British Dutch Belgium France
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Examples of Scramble for Africa Creating spheres of Influences
in China
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Cause 4: Countries placing their own interest above cooperation
Nation-states develop fierce rivalries Nationalism
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Examples of -Ger. matching Brit. Indust. output -Southeast
Europe (Balkans) Three Empires claimed it Ethnic groups desired
independence
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Highlight in the flow chart what 4 countries/areas you could
blame for the start of WW1Be ready with an answer for each.
Identify the one most responsible by circling it What evidence from
the chart suggests leaders of these countries anticipated the
outbreak of war? Highlight that evidence
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What is the crime of the ages? What do you think is the main
point of the cartoon and how does it accurately convey how World
War I began?
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World War I Begins June 28, 1914, Serb nationalist Gavrilo
Princep (member of the Black Hand society) assassinates Austrian
Franz Ferdinand Austria-Hungary declares war on Serbia Russia sends
troops to assist Serbia Germany declares war on Russia & France
England enters on side of Russia & France WW I is on!! Dont
write next part See your timeline + reading
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Sarajevo To execute its initial plan, Germany declares war on
France. France reciprocates
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Germany Russia France Austria- Hungary Britain Serbia Ottoman
Empire What military dilemma do the Central Powers (red),
especially Germany, face at the onset of war? Who should the
Central Powers concentrate on first?
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Opening Stages of World War I Schlieffen Plan German war plan
Attack France 1 st then Russia German General Alfred Von Schlieffen
German Emperor Kaiser Wilhelm II
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Germany Austria- Hungary Russia Britain France Serbia Ottoman
Empire Paris*
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Rationale for Schlieffen Plan France was the greater threat
Russia would be slower to mobilize (lack of RRs) Avoid 2 Front War
Quickly end the war Hoping Britain remained neutral Fed romantic
view: War over by Christmas
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What happened? Results Belgium fighters slow Ger. advance
Britain enters war Brit./ Fr. forces stop Ger. advance at Marne
River
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Bloody Stalemate Along the Western Front *Stalemate = little to
no gain for either side = deadlock Conflict grinds to a halt Sept.
1914 Battle of the Marne Taxi Cab Battle Protect Paris; stop
Schlieffen Plan Germans fail to advance; both sides dig in Russia
attacks in east= 2-front war for Germany
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War in the Trenches 500 miles of trench Gains are yards not
miles Miserable conditions New tech = more death; machine gun, gas,
tanks Feb.-July 1916: Battles of Verdun and Somme = high losses for
little gain
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What is Trench Warfare?
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War on the Eastern Front CPs gain Advantage Ger. & Aust.
push Russians back Russias War Efforts Weaken Not industrialized
lacked necessities of war Only advantage = large pop. for army
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Gallipoli Campaign against Ottomans 1915-16 Failed Brit. &
Fr. attempt to take Istanbul Heavy Allied losses 1 st major Allied
use of Aust. & New Zea. Troops ** Strengthened Turkish
nationalist movement
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Later Stages of WWI Russia - 1917 - Vladimir Lenin &
Bolsheviks stage Communist Revolution End Romanov dynasty - Formed
the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (U.S.S.R.) - Ends the
Tsar's War Vladimir Lenin Tsar Nicholas II
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Brest-Litovsk Treaty = Soviet & Ger. agreement to end
fighting. - Ger. gets western Russian lands
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1918 Last year of War Last Year of War = Military race - Allies
= get Americans across Atlantic & into the fight, vs. - Germany
(CPs) = Transfer eastern troops to west to end war first
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Final German Push - Germans attempt to break Allied lines -
Failed; Allied counterattack defeats Germans
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Allied Counterattack Ends War
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Allies Win! - Paris Peace Conference Allies create treaties to
deal with defeated CPs (1919-1920) - Conference divided between
U.S. idealism (Pres. Wilsons 14 Points) & European revenge
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- Austria-Hungary = 2 states - New nations formed - Ottoman
Empire dismantled into Mandates - Mandate = territory whose control
transferred from one country to another. - Established League of
Nations goal = avoid future wars. - not military league - U.S. does
not join. Results of Conference
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Soviet Union 2. In what region of Europe did most of the
changes take place? 3. What issues/conflicts are likely to emerge
as a result of the new map created in 1919?
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Soviet Union New Countries Formed After WW 1
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Most Important Treaty of Versailles -Dealt with Germany - War
Guilt Clause War was Ger. fault - Loss of territory + colonies -
Reduce army & navy - Demilitarize the Rhineland - War payment
32 bill.! How might the Treaty of Versailles lead to WWII?
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Treaty of Versailles
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Watch Film: Be ready to answer the following: What was the
Black Hand, led by Gravilio Princip, a terrorist organization or a
group of freedom fighters?
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Rasputin Peasant healer or cynical fake Rasputin One man ends
an Empire?
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Opening Stages of the War General Alfred Von Schlieffen Head of
German High Command Developed scenarios Created a plan in 1908
Right flank attack of France