Theme 4

Disaster Mitigation and Risk Management

World Flood/Drought Damage Map 2002Based on Press Report

India (May) Heat wave in south1000+ killed(Jul) Drought of rain shortage

U.S.(Mar) Emergency Alert for Drought in New York City

Sri Lanka(Jul) Affected by drought

Bolivia(Feb) 63 killed and 13 missing

Ethiopia(Apr) 22 killed by floods in the northeast

China(Jun-Aug）Several floods caused 1,400 deaths and ¥980 billion damage. A water-level rise in Lake Tai-hu, Hunan, forced 600,000 people to evacuate. One million people work for flood prevention.

Nepal(Jul, Aug) 250,000 ha + affected, 494 killed and 173 missing by floods and landslides

Turkey(Jul) 40+ killed by flood in northeast

Micronesia(Jul) 10+ killed by landslides.

Czech Republic (Aug)　70,000 evacuated in the capital Prague and 200,000 nationwide; 17 killed.

Germany　Dresden flooded;　Highest -ever water level in the Elbe River;　20 killed.

Greece(Jul) One killed by rain/wind storms in Athens.

Rumania(Jul) 5 killed

Afghanistan(Apr) 39 killed (May) 30 killed (Aug) 35 killed

Mexico(Aug) 14 killed

Philippines(Jan) 7 killed(Mar) 28 killed(Jul) 58 killed(Aug) 17+ killed

Jamaica(May) 26 killed by heavy rainstorm of 15-consecutive day

Ecuador(Mar) 24 killed by flood and landslides

Peru(Feb) 6 killed

Russia(Jun) 92 killed by large scale floods in the south.(Aug) 62 killed on the Black Sea coast.

Austria（Aug）８killed.

Uruguay(Apr) 3,600+ people evacuated.

Indonesia(Jan) 21 killed by flash flood(Feb) 142 killed(Mar) 15 killed by flood and landslides

Kenya(May) 53 killed by flood

South Korea(Aug) Torrential rainstorms caused 23 deaths and damage of ¥93.2 billion. (Sep) Typhoon led to 246 missing and damage of ¥522.6 billion)

France（Sep）27 killed.

Bangladesh(Jul) 57 killed by flood and landslides(Aug) 158 killed by flood

India(Jun) 64 killed(Jul) 41+ killed (Aug) 49+ killed(Sept) 16+ killed

Vietnam(Aug) 10+ killed(Sept) 89 killed(Oct) 104 killed

U.S.(Mar) 6 killed in Kentucky and Tennessee.

Venezuela(Jul) 4 killed

China（Jun) Drought caused damage of 28,000,000 ha farm area and 1,387,000 ha paddy field

Malaysia(Jan) 10 killed by landslides caused of localized rainstorm

Congo(Sept) 40+ killed by landslides caused by 　localized flood

Saudi Arabia(Apr) 19 killed by localized rainstorm

Tajikistan(Apr) 5 killed by turbid waters.(Aug) 75+ killed and missing

Thailand(Apr) 5 killed by typhoon(Sept) 39 killed(Oct) 128 killed

Oman(May) 9 killed by flash flood

Haiti(May) 26 killed by localized rainstorm

Chile(May) 12 killed and 221 missing

Columbia(Jun) 15 killed13 missing

Iran(Apr) 42+ killed by flash flood

Algeria(Aug) 43 killed

North Korea(Sept) Typhoon caused 6 deaths.

World Flood Map in 2002　　　　　　　　　　　

Released by WMO as of August 29

・Over 17 million were affected (in more than 80 countries)

・3,000 were killed

・Total damage of over $30 billion

・An area of 8 million km2 was affected (equivalent to the size of the U.S.A.）

Drought

Flood

Focus

• Disaster: earthquake, drought, flood, high wind, landslides, volcano, tsunami/high tide etc.

• Severe damage by flood and drought were reported worldwide.

• Focus mainly on flood and drought• Seek ways to disaster mitigation and risk

management

~WSSD Implementation Plan~

Main Subject• Paragraph 35

– An integrated, multi-hazard, inclusive approach is an essential element of a safer world in the 21st century.

Pertinent Paragraph• Paragraph 25

– Develop integrated water resources management and water efficiency plans by 2005, with support to developing countries.

• Paragraph 39– Strengthen the implementation of the United Nations Convention to combat

desertification in those countries experiencing serious drought and/or desertification.

Countermeasures against Flood and Drought (1)Based on WSSD Implementation Plan, Paragraph 35

(1) Promote Countermeasures• Reduce the risks of flooding and drought in

vulnerable countries• Encourage the dissemination and use of traditional

and indigenous knowledge• Promote community-based disaster management

planning by local authorities, including through training activities and raising public awareness

• Develop and strengthen early warning systems and information networks in disaster management

Countermeasures against Flood and Drought (2)Based on WSSD Implementation Plan, Paragraph 35

(2) Promotion of International Cooperation/Information Sharing

• Strengthen the role of the International Strategy for Disaster Reduction

• Support the establishment of effective regional, subregionaland national strategies and scientific and technical institutional support for disaster management

• Strengthen the institutional capacities of countries and promote international joint observation and research

• Promote cooperation for the prevention and mitigation of major technological and other disasters

Countermeasures against Flood and Drought (3)Based on WSSD Implementation Plan, Paragraph 35

(3) Promotion of R&D• Improve techniques and methodologies for assessing

the effects of climate change• Develop and strengthen capacity at all levels to

collect and disseminate scientific and technical information

Agenda• Report and review of experience of floods and droughts that have affected

various countries and basins

• Information sharing related to causes and mechanism of disasters

• Countermeasures against floods and droughts that have affected various countries and basins

• Common understanding of importance of disaster countermeasures by various nations and international organizations

• Specific joint activities that should be conducted by various nations and international organizations against floods and drought– Example: to design an international system of activities to share

experiences/knowledge/countermeasures of disasters

Summary of Strategy• Develop disaster management plan/organization/

system against floods/drought per basin.• Promote technical support/organization/system/

competence development for developing countries and other countries that suffer from flood and drought to support preparation/implementation of the above.

• Share/achieve universal scientific/technical knowledge and experiences (to design the knowledge base).

• Design framework to clarify the relation of cause and effect of climatic change and disaster and establish its survey and research system.