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The World’s Most
Successful
Ozone/Climate Change
Multi-Stewardship
Initiative
Welcome to the
1:20 pm Session
Mark Miller
Executive Director, MOPIA
Thursday, October 13, 2016
Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
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Presentation Overview
• Quick overview of MOPIA
• Highlight ozone & climate science
• Highlight white goods, current stats
• Potent HFC Refrigerants & Highlight emerging industry trends
• Time for Questions and Concerns, Suggestions
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Manitoba’s
Minister of Sustainable Development
(May, 2016)
Hon. Cathy Cox
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1994 MOPIA Appointed by Province of Manitoba
• Located at 1082 Main St. in Winnipeg
• Totally self-sustaining/no annual government supplement
• Over see the certification of over 5,300 persons and permits for some 600 companies
• Provide environmental training for industries using regulated substances
• Liaison with Environment Officers, provincial and federal
• Liaise and collaborate with UN on special initiatives
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Show It See It – It’s the Law!!
• For service
techs of all
A/C
equipment/
buyers and
sellers of
regulated
products
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Switch the Stat
www.switchthestat.ca/eng/index.php
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MOPIA’s Board is Multi-stakeholder based 14 persons:
John Kub (Chair), Michael Blackey (VC), Secretary Bill
Grywinski (Treasurer), Meghan Skorodenski (Secretary),
Laverne Dalgleish, George Kurowski, Kent Cielen, Jeff
Hillock, Dietrich Schellenberg, Inez Miller, Doug Alexander,
Melissa Leclerc
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The Royal Cdn. Mint, Contractors, Western
Canada Lotteries, Educators, etc.
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Cycle of Atmosphere
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FACT: Restricting ozone depleting substances (ODSs) has
mitigated or reduced climate change significantly as CFCs,
HCFCs and HFCs are potent Greenhouse Gases (GHGs). Up
to 10,000 times that of CO2
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Protection
With the world-wide phase-out of ODS the A/C, Refrigeration and Fire Protection Industries are
already taking steps to change systems to use non-ODS products through normal business activities
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file:///C:/Users/owner/Downloads/arctic-bulletin-1b-2016.pdf
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Ozone Layer
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Ozone Layer is 15-45 kms above us in Stratosphere
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NASA – Southern Ozone Hole
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Northern Ozone Hole Limitshttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-YRz5Yz6X68 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qUfVMogIdr8
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NOAAs Global Climate Anomalies
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3,000 uses for ODSs
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Various Industry Sectors Affected
• Automotive
• Agriculture A/C
• Trucking A/C
• Reefers
• White Goods
• Residential A/C
• Commercial Refrigeration
• Industrial Refrigeration• Aircraft, Rail, Lab, etc. Not all have compulsory apprenticeship designation
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Ice box evolves to a modern fridge
From ice to ammonia, sulphur dioxide to CFCs to HFCs
and… next gen… hydrocarbons, CO2 etc.
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Manitoba’s
2016 Population
1.3 million
Formula 600
units/100,000
7,200 units
disposed of each
year in
Manitoba
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Fridge Recycling Profile
Assets ++ future carbon credits??
HFCs as
refrigerant
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What’s happening across Manitoba…
• Some municipalities charge for residents to
drop-off white goods units, while others
accept them and then have a contractor
extract/recovery the refrigerant.
•The cost of refrigerant recovery varies
depending on location, number of units,
contractor used, and other variables.
General cost to have the refrigerant
removed is approximately $20-40/unit if
contracted.
•There is a challenge throughout Manitoba
and in northern Manitoba First Nations where
transport is difficult or contractors are not
readily avaialble.
•It is mandatory to have the refrigerant
recovered before scrapping/shredding or
crushing.
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Municipalities are challenged by cost and logistics
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White Goods Efforts – Retire my Fridge
Manitoba Hydro www.hydro.mb.ca/your_home/appliances_electronics/retire_fridge.shtml
Municipal Guidelines
• Consumer Awareness Information
• Waste Management Best Practices
• White Goods Awareness Poster
• NEW* Hydrocarbon fridges in Canada/NA GE
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White Goods Recycling
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Fridge Recycling in Europe (Germany, UK)
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Penalties are among the highest!
Enforcement: Environment Canada and Manitoba Conservation = Environment Officers
Persons:
•1st Offence – up to $50k and/or up to 6 months imprisonment
•2nd Offence – up to $100k and/or up to 1 yr imprisonment
•Up to $1k per day
•Pay restitution and/or compensation etc….
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Path Forward - Visit MOPIAs
BoothSupport a more comprehensive
approach which may include a
levy on the sale of new white
goods to financially support the
proper end-of-life stewardship of
white goods.
History shows that without
incentives or stewardship, many
white goods will be improperly
discarded with risks to the
environment!!
Liaise with AMM, MARR and others
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Developing a Manitoba White
Goods Directory
Be Part of It…. www.mopia.ca
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Commitments to Protect Our Earth
1987 Montreal Protocol (World’s 1st Global Climate and Ozone Treaty) Chlorine & bromine
– To prevent, reduce and eliminate release of ODS into the atmosphere to protect the earth’s ozone layer
– Today, all nations, 197 countries have ratified The Montreal Protocol
2005 Kyoto Protocol (Feb 16, 2005) 169 nations
2015 Paris Agreement
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Kyoto Protocol/Paris Agreement
The six gases:
- carbon dioxide (CO2)
- methane (CH4)
- nitrous oxide (N2O)
- sulphur hexafluoride (SF6)
- perfluorocarbons (PFCs)
- hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs).
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HFC Refrigerants are Potent
GHGs
In fact, if left unregulated, they
alone may cause .5 – 1C increase
in global temperature. 100 billon
metric tonnes
HFCs are used in nearly all auto A/C, and
home A/C
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New Developments
• 28th Meeting of the Parties to the Montreal Protocol happening this week in Kigali, Rwanda
• Anticipating an HFC global phase-down agreement!!
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HFC Phase-down - Canada
• Automotive 2021 model year
• RAC 2020
• Foams 2019 & 2021
• Aerosols 2018
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Beverage Vending Industry
• At Red River College,
Winnipeg
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Jets play this eve….. Home opener
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Questions & Comments
More information:
www.mopia.ca
Email: [email protected]
www.unep.org/ozone
www.gov.mb.ca/conservation/pollutionprevention/ods
www.gov.mb.ca/chc/statpub/
http://www.weatheroffice.gc.ca/forecast/textforecast_e.html?Bulletin=fpcn48.cwao
www.hrai.ca/rmc
http://exp-studies.tor.ec.gc.ca/e/ozone/ozoneworld.htm
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Do’s &
Don’ts
Topping-
up
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Leaking
A/C
Bulletin
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Impacts of ozone depletion -
excessive UV radiation leads
to
• New cases of skin cancer and
eye cataracts (Canada 76,000+) –
USE AN SPF OF 35+.
• Crop yields impacted from UV
radiation over-exposure leading to
less plant productivity
• Increased incidences of short
and long term health effects
leading to a loss of immunity to
diseases
• Effects on biogeochemical
cycles, aquatic ecosystems, air
quality and materials, etc.
$235 billion to implement 2-4 x
costly
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March 2014 – 4 New gases
discovered destroying ozone layer
Despite the production of all CFCs having been
banned since 2010, the concentration of one –
CFC113a – is rising at an accelerating rate. The
source of the chemicals is a mystery but Laube
suggests that CFC113a may be being used as a
feedstock chemical in the production of
agricultural pesticides. Until now, a total of 13
CFCs and HCFCs were known to destroy ozone and
are controlled by the Montreal protocol, widely
regarded as the world's most successful
environmental law. But scientists have now
identified and measured four previously unknown
compounds and warned of the existence of many
more.
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Obama June 2013: "This is the global threat of our
time. And for the sake of future generations, our
generation must move toward a global compact to
confront a changing climate before it is too late.
That is our job. That is our task. We have to get to
work.”
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Stratospheric Ozone “Hole”
• September (25), 2006, NASA reported the
largest Antarctic ozone hole ever with
total ozone depletion at 29.5 million km2.
Sept 13 – 24 m km2 .
• 2011 saw the most significant ozone
depletion 40% late winter and early
spring (March). WHO
• This week – UV 8 and OD even -16%
• ODS can persist for many years with life
spans of 25 to 400 years.
• Is recovery possible? The World
Meteorological Organization estimates that
the ozone layer will slowly recover to pre-
1980 levels by 2060-75.
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FXQ
UMg3Cgrs
Sources: theozonehole.com, NASA
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Fridge & Ice Cream cooler running on
Hydrocarbons = propane/butane
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Climate Change Impacts www.climatechangenews.com/
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Tornadoes, Fires
Record warm ocean
temperatures pose threat to
B.C. salmon
Salmon face double threat
from weather changes
LA – biggest rainfall ever July
18, 2015
Arizona – 5 inches of rain July
17, 2015
Tornado near Arnes, MB, Lake
Winnipeg, July 18, 2015
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At this time, HFCs contribute less than 1% towards
climate change. Their use is growing rapidly. The most
conservative predictions are that HFCs will increase to a
7-12 % contribution to global warming. HFCs are far more
potent than CO2, some types being thousands of times for
potent. Even a small increase in HFC use can have an
enormous impact on climate change.
It appears to be inevitable that HFC use will increase.
Though most CFCs have been phased out, the process has
only begun for several other ozone depleters, the HCFCs.
The Montreal Protocol doesn't end HCFC use until 2030.
The IPCC estimates that HFCs will be triple their 2002
level in 2015. Some studies demonstrate that
continuation of HFC emissions will result in them
becoming as much as 45% of all greenhouse gas emissions
by 2050(1).
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Over 2 Decades of Progress
• 1990 Manitoba ODS Act– Enabling legislation to meet commitments under Montreal Protocol
• 1992 Manitoba ODS Regulation enacted
• 1994 New ODS Regulation (MR 103/94)– Manitoba a national leader in stratospheric ozone layer protection– MOPIA appointed to provide atmospheric protection information and technical
service resources – MOPIA retains fees to administer and manage Manitoba’s program
• 1995 Amending ODS Regulation (M.R. 128/95)
• 1999 Manitoba ODS Act amended – Enabling legislation to allow for the regulation of “replacement products” [i.e.
HFCs (GHGs)]
• 2005 Amendments to the ODS Regulation (M.R. 178/05)– Amendments consistent with Canada’s NAP to phase-out CFCs and halons– Regulation name change to “Ozone Depleting Substances and Other
Halocarbons Regulation”
• 2016/17 Admts due to FHR ODS Regulation / New Fed. Code of Practice and MP Amendments
- under consideration based on stakeholder recommendations, EC, MP
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Regulated ODS and Replacement Products
• Regulated Substances
– Class 1: CFCs, Methyl chloroform, Carbon
tetrachloride and Halons (all mixtures and isomers)
– Class 2: HCFCs (all mixtures and isomers)
– Class 3: HFCs and PFCs (all mixtures and isomers)
• Other halocarbons or replacement products
• Non-ODS, but are GHGs
Class 4?: HFO’s - HFO1234yf
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Hydrocarbons….MPI – Insured Vehicles
Can not cross fill (contaminate) or vent 134a etc.
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No topping-up!!!
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Emerging – Into the Future…
• Emissions from automotive air-conditioning are a growing concern
because of their impact on climate change. Since 2011, the European
Union will phase out refrigerants with a global warming potential
(GWP) of more than 150 in automotive air conditioning (GWP = 100
year warming potential of one kilogram of a gas relative to one
kilogram of CO2). This will ban potent greenhouse gases such as the
refrigerant HFC-134a – which has a GWP of 1300 – to promote safe
and energy-efficient refrigerants. One of the most promising
alternatives is the natural refrigerant CO2 (R-744). Carbon dioxide is
non-flammable, non-ozone depleting, non-toxic and has a global
warming potential of 1. R-744 can be used as a working fluid in
climate control systems for cars, residential air conditioning, hot water
pumps, commercial refrigeration, and vending machines.
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Fridge components
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CFC Chillers – Permits / Decommissioning
