4
7/23/2019 The World Beyond Global Disorder http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/the-world-beyond-global-disorder 1/4 The World beyond Global Disorder Johan Galtung, 19 Oct 2015 - TRANSCEND Media Service Published on 19 October 2015 at https://www.transcend.org/tms/?p=65143 :;<=>?;, 13?@ A;BBC>= D>EFG HIJFCK L>EIM "NCOF>PI; >Q RCSCFCTO?C>=B" U V@>G;B, WE;;K;, 9 XK? 2015 Y@; B?E;=P?@ >Q ?@CB Q>EIM CB C?B KCSCFCTO?C>= Q>KIBZ F;? IB IB; C? Q>E O=OF<BCB O=G E;M;GC;B. [O\>E Q>EMB >Q GCB>EG;E IB; SC>F;=K;Z ]OE CB B?O?; >EPO=CT;G SC>F;=K;. Y@; M>B? J;FFCP;E;=? B?O?;B OE; ?@; ^=C?;G A?O?;B >Q _M;ECKO O=G `BEO;F, J>?@ ]C?@ KCSCFCTO?C>= E>>?B. aO?C>=OF bSO=P;FCBM, ?@; ^A HE>?;B?O=? R@ECB?CO= KCSCFCTO?C>=-- M>E; =O?C>=OF ?@O= ;SO=P;FCKOF--\IB?CQC;B ^A ]OEQOE; OB ;cK;d?C>=OFCBM >Q O d;>dF; K@>B;= J< W>G, ]C?@ O MO=CQ;B? G;B?C=< ?> EI= ?@; ]>EFG. XE?@>G>c eIGOCBM \IB?CQC;B `BEO;FC ]OEQOE; ?> K>=fI;E O=G ;cdO=G QE>M aCF; ?> bId@EO?;B OB O E;FCPC>IB ECP@? O=G GI?< ?> ?@; b?;E=OF X=;. Y@; ?@CEG M>B? J;FFCP;E;=? K>I=?E<, ?@; ^:, => F>=P;E J;FC;S;B C? CB W>G-K@>B;= JI? K@>B;= J< ?@; ^A_Z =>? fIC?; ?@; BOM; JI? B>M;?@C=P. gI? ?@; E>>? KOIB; >Q PF>JOF GCB>EG;E FC;B C= ?@; XKKCG;=?--]C?@ `BFOM--B;;C=P C?B;FQ OB ?@; BC=PF;, I=CS;EBOF KCSCFCTO?C>= SOFCG Q>E OFF O? OFF ?CM;B, OFF >?@;EB J;C=P MCB?Oh;B. [CBBC>=OE< OK?CSC?<, BFOS;E<, K>F>=COFCBM, ;cdF>C?O?CS; ?EOG;, E>JJ;E< KOdC?OFCBM, Q>FF>]. Y@; ^A_ P>? QE>M eIGOCBM ?@; CG;O >Q R@>B;= H;>dF;-HE>MCB;G iO=G. j;? `BEO;F CB OK?IOFF< ?@; >dd>BC?; >Q ?@; ^A_k O FO=G Q>E e;]B >=F<, Q>E 0.2% >Q @IMO=C?<Z =>? O ]>EFG Q>E ;S;E<J>G< EI= J< ^A @;P;M>=<. Y@;B; O=>MOFC;B MIB? K>M; ?> O= ;=G. Y@;< Bd;FF GCBOB?;E Q>E ]@>;S;E B?O=GB C= ?@; ]O< >Q ?@; R@>B;= X=;B, ]C?@ ^A_ hCFFC=P C= 100+ K>I=?EC;B O=G `BEO;F C=?> O Y@CEG `=?CQOGO OQ?;E KEI;F O??OKhB >= WOTO. g>?@ ]C?@ =IKF;OE J>MJB, O? W>G'B F;S;F >Q G;B?EIK?C>=, >= ?@; E;OG<. Y@; ]O<B >I? dOBB ?@E>IP@ B>Q?;E R@ECB?CO=C?C;B O=G eIGOCBMB, ?@E>IP@ => MCFC?OE< OCG Q>E ?@; ^A_ >E `BEO;F, ?@E>IP@ J><K>?? O=G >?@;E Q>EMB >Q E;BCB?O=K;Z JI? OJ>S; OFF ?@E>IP@ OF?;E=O?CS; d>FCKC;B. L>E ?@; ^A_ ?> E;?E;O? ?> O a>E?@OM;ECKO= [;c-^B-RO=, Q>E `BEO;F ?> O ^a-PIOEO=?;;G ;=KFOS; C= ?@; D_a_, D;B? _BCO-a>E?@ _QECKO E;PC>=, C= ?@; >FG MCFF;? OI?>=>M< ?EOGC?C>= >Q ?@; X??>MO= bMdCE;-KOFCd@O?;. iCh; d;>dF; C=Q>EM;G >Q CMd;=GC=P G;O?@ ?@;< J>?@ G;=< O=< KECBCB C= ?@;CE ]>EFG O=G Page 1 of 4 

The World Beyond Global Disorder

Embed Size (px)

Citation preview

Page 1: The World Beyond Global Disorder

7/23/2019 The World Beyond Global Disorder

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/the-world-beyond-global-disorder 1/4

The World beyond Global Disorder

Johan Galtung, 19 Oct 2015 - TRANSCEND Media Service Published on 19 October 2015 at https://www.transcend.org/tms/?p=65143

:;<=>?;, 13?@ A;BBC>= D>EFG HIJFCK L>EIM "NCOF>PI; >Q RCSCFCTO?C>=B" U V@>G;B,

WE;;K;, 9 XK? 2015

Y@; B?E;=P?@ >Q ?@CB Q>EIM CB C?B KCSCFCTO?C>= Q>KIBZ F;? IB IB; C? Q>E O=OF<BCB O=G

E;M;GC;B. [O\>E Q>EMB >Q GCB>EG;E IB; SC>F;=K;Z ]OE CB B?O?; >EPO=CT;G SC>F;=K;. Y@;

M>B? J;FFCP;E;=? B?O?;B OE; ?@; ^=C?;G A?O?;B >Q _M;ECKO O=G `BEO;F, J>?@ ]C?@

KCSCFCTO?C>= E>>?B.

aO?C>=OF bSO=P;FCBM, ?@; ^A HE>?;B?O=? R@ECB?CO= KCSCFCTO?C>=-- M>E; =O?C>=OF ?@O=

;SO=P;FCKOF--\IB?CQC;B ^A ]OEQOE; OB ;cK;d?C>=OFCBM >Q O d;>dF; K@>B;= J< W>G, ]C?@ O

MO=CQ;B? G;B?C=< ?> EI= ?@; ]>EFG. XE?@>G>c eIGOCBM \IB?CQC;B `BEO;FC ]OEQOE; ?>

K>=fI;E O=G ;cdO=G QE>M aCF; ?> bId@EO?;B OB O E;FCPC>IB ECP@? O=G GI?< ?> ?@; b?;E=OF

X=;.

Y@; ?@CEG M>B? J;FFCP;E;=? K>I=?E<, ?@; ^:, => F>=P;E J;FC;S;B C? CB W>G-K@>B;= JI?

K@>B;= J< ?@; ^A_Z =>? fIC?; ?@; BOM; JI? B>M;?@C=P.

gI? ?@; E>>? KOIB; >Q PF>JOF GCB>EG;E FC;B C= ?@; XKKCG;=?--]C?@ `BFOM--B;;C=P C?B;FQ OB?@; BC=PF;, I=CS;EBOF KCSCFCTO?C>= SOFCG Q>E OFF O? OFF ?CM;B, OFF >?@;EB J;C=P MCB?Oh;B.

[CBBC>=OE< OK?CSC?<, BFOS;E<, K>F>=COFCBM, ;cdF>C?O?CS; ?EOG;, E>JJ;E< KOdC?OFCBM, Q>FF>].

Y@; ^A_ P>? QE>M eIGOCBM ?@; CG;O >Q R@>B;= H;>dF;-HE>MCB;G iO=G. j;? `BEO;F CB

OK?IOFF< ?@; >dd>BC?; >Q ?@; ^A_k O FO=G Q>E e;]B >=F<, Q>E 0.2% >Q @IMO=C?<Z =>? O

]>EFG Q>E ;S;E<J>G< EI= J< ^A @;P;M>=<.

Y@;B; O=>MOFC;B MIB? K>M; ?> O= ;=G. Y@;< Bd;FF GCBOB?;E Q>E ]@>;S;E B?O=GB C= ?@;

]O< >Q ?@; R@>B;= X=;B, ]C?@ ^A_ hCFFC=P C= 100+ K>I=?EC;B O=G `BEO;F C=?> O Y@CEG`=?CQOGO OQ?;E KEI;F O??OKhB >= WOTO. g>?@ ]C?@ =IKF;OE J>MJB, O? W>G'B F;S;F >Q 

G;B?EIK?C>=, >= ?@; E;OG<.

Y@; ]O<B >I? dOBB ?@E>IP@ B>Q?;E R@ECB?CO=C?C;B O=G eIGOCBMB, ?@E>IP@ => MCFC?OE< OCG

Q>E ?@; ^A_ >E `BEO;F, ?@E>IP@ J><K>?? O=G >?@;E Q>EMB >Q E;BCB?O=K;Z JI? OJ>S; OFF

?@E>IP@ OF?;E=O?CS; d>FCKC;B. L>E ?@; ^A_ ?> E;?E;O? ?> O a>E?@OM;ECKO= [;c-^B-RO=,

Q>E `BEO;F ?> O ^a-PIOEO=?;;G ;=KFOS; C= ?@; D_a_, D;B? _BCO-a>E?@ _QECKO E;PC>=, C=

?@; >FG MCFF;? OI?>=>M< ?EOGC?C>= >Q ?@; X??>MO= bMdCE;-KOFCd@O?;.

iCh; d;>dF; C=Q>EM;G >Q CMd;=GC=P G;O?@ ?@;< J>?@ G;=< O=< KECBCB C= ?@;CE ]>EFG O=G

Page 1 of 4 

Page 2: The World Beyond Global Disorder

7/23/2019 The World Beyond Global Disorder

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/the-world-beyond-global-disorder 2/4

The World beyond Global Disorder

Johan Galtung, 19 Oct 2015 - TRANSCEND Media Service Published on 19 October 2015 at https://www.transcend.org/tms/?p=65143

E;PC>=OF ;MdCE;B. gI? E;OFC?< B?ECh;B JOKh, G;=<C=P ?@; G;=COF. [>E; OG;fIO?; B?;dB

]CFF J; ?Oh;=, MO<J; J;Q>E; 2020.

Y@CB d;EBd;K?CS; F>KO?;B B>FI?C>=B C= E;PC>=B, =>? C= C=?;E-B?O?; E;FO?C>=BZ M>E;

dOE?CKIFOEF< D_a_ O=G a>E?@ _M;ECKO. DC?@ M;K@O=CBMB Q>E ?EOIMO K>=KCFCO?C>=,

K>=QFCK? B>FI?C>=, K>>d;EO?C>= Q>E MI?IOF O=G ;fIOF J;=;QC?, @OEM>=<, B@OEC=P Id O=G

G>]=B--Q>IE ?OBhB!--S;?>-QE;; E;PC>=B KO= G> S;E< ];FF. Y@;CE E;FO?C>= K>IFG J; @O=GF;G

J< O ^=C?;G V;PC>=B dOEOFF;F ?> ^=C?;G aO?C>=BZ JI? ]C?@ => E;PC>= OJ>S; >?@;EB.

i>>h O? ?@; MOdk ?@E;; M>E; E;PC>=B MCBBC=P. Y]> C= _BCOk O R;=?EOF _BCO= E;PC>=

K;=?;E;G >= _QP@O=CB?O=-HOhCB?O= ]C?@ ?@; NIEO=G 1893 FC=; POdC=P ]>I=G E;M>S;G

J< >d;= J>EG;EBZ O=G O a>E?@;OB? _BCO= R>MMI=C?<, ab_R, Q>E K>>d;EO?C>= J;?];;=

 eOdO= O=G VIBBCO LOE bOB?, ?]> R@C=OB O=G ?]> :>E;OB, B@OEC=P GCBdI?;G CBFO=GB O=G

B>S;E;CP=?C;B.

`= bIE>d; O bIE>d;O= l>IB; Q>E ?@; bIE>d;O= ^=C>= O=G ?@; FOEP; VIBBCO+, Q>E ?@;

Q>IE ?OBhB. `= ?@O? l>IB; ^-hEOC=O--O? ?@; 1600 <;OEB >FG RO?@>FCK-XE?@>G>c

J>EG;E--K>IFG J; O Q;G;EO?C>= ]C?@ E>?O?C=P dE;BCG;=?B, =;I?EOF, POB->CF QF>]C=P QE>M

bOB? ?> D;B?, b^ ?EOG; QE>M D;B? ?> bOB?, O=G RECM;O 2014 I=G;EB?>>G OB OK>EE;K?C>= >Q 1954.

Y@CB F;OGB ?> O= CMd>E?O=? d>C=? Q>E M;GCO?C>=k CG;=?CQ< MO\>E ?E;=GB O=G JICFG

B>FI?C>=B >= ?@;M. _ B]CMM;E ]@> ]O=?B ?> B]CM O F>=P ]O< QOB? B@>IFG B]CM ]C?@,

=>? OPOC=B?, ?@; ECS;EmB KIEE;=?. `= O ]>EFG ]C?@ B?O?;B ]C?@;EC=P O]O< C=?>

E;PC>=B--;cK;d? Q>E ?@; QCS;, BCc JCPP;B?--B>FS; K>=QFCK?B C= E;PC>=BZ FCh; C= ?@; Q>IE

dE>d>B;G @;E;.

Y@; `BFOMCK A?O?; CB O E;PC>=Z ?E;=G<. VIBBCO MOh;B O MCB?Oh; hCFFC=P ?@;Mk hCFF >=;, P;?10 M>E;, OFB> QE>M C=BCG; VIBBCO. iCh; ?@; O??OKh >= _QP@O=CB?O= 1978-79k "Y@;E; ?@;<

P> OPOC=", [IBFCMB BO<.

gI? ?@; B?O?;B OFB> <C;FG ?> F>KOF K>MMI=C?C;B O=G KCSCF B>KC;?<. gICFG >= ?@O?, M>E; >Q 

?@; ;K>=>MC;B C= F>KOF @O=GB, QCP@? C=;fIOFC?< J< FCQ?C=P Id ?@; M>B? MCB;EOJF; C= ?@;

M>B? MCB;EOJF; K>MMI=C?C;B.

Y@;= ?@; KCSCFCTO?C>=B, JI? =>? OB KFOB@;BZ ?@; ]>EG lI=?C=P?>='B dIJFCB@;E ?>>h QE>M

g;E=OEG i;]CB Q>E O J>>h OJ>I? E;PC>=B. i;? IB Q>KIB >= ?@;CE d>BC?CS; OBd;K?B, Q>E

K>>d;EO?C>=, =>? Q>E KFOB@;Bk

Page 2 of 4 

Page 3: The World Beyond Global Disorder

7/23/2019 The World Beyond Global Disorder

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/the-world-beyond-global-disorder 3/4

The World beyond Global Disorder

Johan Galtung, 19 Oct 2015 - TRANSCEND Media Service Published on 19 October 2015 at https://www.transcend.org/tms/?p=65143

eIGOCBMk GCOF>PI;B OB ?EI?@ =>? QC=OF G;KFOEO?C>=BZ C=?;FF;K?IOFC?<Z

XE?@>G>c<k F>=P ?;EM >d?CMCBM AI=GO< R@ECB?CO=C?<-"R@ECB? OECB;="Z

RO?@>FCKCBMk Q>EPCSC=P ?@; BC==;E ]@> K>=Q;BB;B O=G E;\;K?B @CB BC=Z

HE>?;B?O=?CBMk C=GCSCGIOFCBM/`-KIF?IE; `=GCSCGIOF E;Bd>=BCJCFC?<

_M;ECKO=CBMk QE;;G>M ?> C==>SO?; C= BKC;=K;, KIF?IE;, ;K>=>M<Z

`BFOMk K>FF;K?CSCBM/D;-KIF?IE; BIJMCBBC>= B@OEC=P ECK@ ?> d>>EZ

_QECKO=CBMk ]>M;= C= d>];E GCB?ECJI?C>= M>E; ?@O= PE>]?@ IJI=?IZ

lC=GICBMk K;F;JEO?C=P JCE?@-dE>?;K?C>=-G;O?@ FC=PICB?CK K>MMI=C?C;BZ *gIGG@CBMk

B>KC;?< OB =;?B >Q E;FO?C>=B-=;?]>EhB =>? C=GCSCGIOF h=>?BZ

NO>CBMk E;OFC?< OB @>FCBMB Q>EK;B/K>I=?;EQ>EK;B <C=/<O=P GCOF;K?CKB

R>=QIKCO=CBMk J>?@ ECP@?B O=G GI?C;B, J>?@ O? ?@; ?>d O=G ?@; J>??>MZ

R@C=OCBMk B<=;EP< JIGG@CBM-GO>CBM-K>=QIKCO=CBM FCQ?C=P ?@; J>??>M IdZ

lIMO=CBMk @IMO=B OB ?@; M;OBIE; >Q OFF ?@C=PB (HE>?OP>EOB)Z

aO?IECBMk =O?IE;--GCS;EBC?<-B<MJC>BCB--OB ?@; M;OBIE; >Q OFF ?@C=PBZ

A?CMIFO?; K>>d;EO?C>= JOB;G >= d>BC?CS;B, O=G =>? dOEO=>CG B;KIEC?< JOB;G >=

=;PO?CS;Bk "B;KIEC?< B?IGC;B" J;C=P OKOG;MCK dOEO=>CO.

bcOMdF;k R@C=O O=G `=GCO K>IFG ;cK@O=P; FCQ?C=P ?@; J>??>M Id Q>E ?EI; Q;G;EOFCBMZ

HE>?;B?O=?CBM-_M;ECKO=CBM K>IFG B>Q?;= C=GCSCGIOFCBM F;OE=C=P QE>M `BFOM-gIGG@CBM,

C= ?IE= F;OE=C=P QE;;G>M O=G C==>SO?C>=.

 _=G ?@;< K>IFG OFF F;OE= =;S;E-;=GC=P G<=OMCBM QE>M NO>CBM. _=G O JOBCK h;< ?>

B?OJCFC?< QE>M =O?IECBMk GCS;EBC?< ]C?@ B<MJC>BCB.

D@O? O ECK@ ]>EFG! A>M;?@C=P Q>E ;S;E<J>G< ?> F;OE= ;S;E<]@;E;.

Y>GO<'B E;QIP;;B, MCPEO=?Bn aXk O opFh;E]O=G;EI=PZ ]@>F; d;>dF;B >= ?@; M>S;, 50

MCFFC>=, 50 <;OEBn LE>M _QECKO G;SOB?O?;G J< BFOS;E<, K>F>=COFCBM, ?EOG;, KOdC?OFCBM,

QE>M _QECKO O=G D;B?-R;=?EOF _BCO QE>M ]OEB MOC=F< J< ?@; D;B?. D; P;? O B;OEK@ Q>E

FCS;FC@>>G, Q>E MO?;E=OF KOE; QE>M K>F>=COF [>?@;E R>I=?EC;B, OB I=C=SC?;G B;??F;EB FCh;

?@; K>F>=CT;EB, JI? ]CFFC=P ?> OJCG; J< F>KOF =>EMB. a>] C? CB >IE ?IE=.

Y@; B>FI?C>=n _QECKO G;S;F>dB C?B;FQ, FCh; bOB? _BCO >=K; GCG IBC=P ?@; eOdO=;B; M>G;F,

=>? AMC?@-VCKOEG> JI? :O=OM; _hOMO?BI IB;G J< R@C=O, I=OKh=>]F;GP;G. WOGGOQC,

hCFF;G, QOS>E;G ?@O? M>G;F.

Page 3 of 4 

Page 4: The World Beyond Global Disorder

7/23/2019 The World Beyond Global Disorder

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/the-world-beyond-global-disorder 4/4

The World beyond Global Disorder

Johan Galtung, 19 Oct 2015 - TRANSCEND Media Service Published on 19 October 2015 at https://www.transcend.org/tms/?p=65143

Y@; E>F; >Q ?@; b^n l>B? MCFFC>=B ;S;= CQ >=F< ?> K>Md;=BO?; Q>E F>] bIE>d;O= Q;E?CFC?<Z

>?@;E]CB; B?O< >QQ, Od>F>PCT;, K>Md;=BO?;. Y@; D;B? @OB G>=; ;=>IP@ GOMOP; C= ?@;

]>EFGZ J;??;E, E;C=S;=? C?B;FQ.

qqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqq

 e>@O= WOF?I=P, O dE>Q;BB>E >Q d;OK; B?IGC;B, GE @K MIF?, CB Q>I=G;E >Q ?@; YV_aARbaN

a;?]>Eh Q>E H;OK;, N;S;F>dM;=? O=G b=SCE>=M;=? O=G E;K?>E >Q ?@; YV_aARbaN

H;OK; ^=CS;EBC?<-YH^. l; @OB dIJFCB@;G 164 J>>hB >= d;OK; O=G E;FO?;G CBBI;B, >Q 

]@CK@ 41 @OS; J;;= ?EO=BFO?;G C=?> 35 FO=PIOP;B, Q>E O ?>?OF >Q 135 J>>h ?EO=BFO?C>=B,

C=KFIGC=P r50 j;OEB-100 H;OK; O=G R>=QFCK? H;EBd;K?CS;B,m dIJFCB@;G J< ?@;

YV_aARbaN ̂ =CS;EBC?< HE;BB-Y^H.

Y@CB ]>Eh CB FCK;=B;G I=G;E O RR gj-aR 3.0 ^=C?;G A?O?;B iCK;=B;.

Page 4 of 4