The World Bank Introduction

The World Bank

Working for A World Free of Poverty

overcome poverty

enhance growth

create opportunity & hope

World BankA World Free of Poverty

Vision

Globalization

WORLD BANK THEMES

1. The poorest countries

2. Post-conflict and fragile states

3. Middle-income countries

4. Global public goods

5. The Arab world

6. Knowledge and learning


Millennium Development Goals


Millennium Development Goals

Goal 1: Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger

Goal 2: Achieve universal primary education

Goal 3: Promote gender equality and empower women

Goal 4: Reduce child mortality

Goal 5: Improve maternal health

Goal 6: Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and other diseases

Goal 7: Ensure environmental sustainability

Goal 8: Develop a global partnership for development


IDAThe International

Development Association


IBRDThe International Bank for

Reconstruction and Development

The World Bank

The World Bank inWorking for A World Free of Poverty CHINA

THE GREAT LEAP FORWARD

THE GREAT LEAP FORWARD

Purpose: RAPIDLY develop agriculture SIMULTANEOUSLY with industry

Method: “People’s communes” in mostly RURAL COMMUNITIES



China under Mao Zedong

Result of the Great Leap Forward

1. Shortage of Food

2. Shortage of Raw Materials

3. Overproduction of Poor-Quality Goods

4. Demoralization of Peasants

Eighteen more years of widespread

poverty, hunger, and political and social

unrest.

And for the Chinese people?


1978: prompts drastic

reforms after becoming the

de facto leader of the

People’s Republic of China

NEED: ECONOMIC REFORM

AND INFRASTRUCTURE

DEVELOPMENT!!!

1979: established diplomatic

relations with the United

States of America

1981: accepted first World

Bank loan

China After Mao:

Deng Xiaping


1. Integrate China into the world economy

2. Reduce poverty, inequality, and social exclusion

3. Resource management and environmental challenges

4. Development of capital markets

5. Improving public and market institutions


The Five Pillars

400 million people out of poverty

9 percent GDP growth per year

3rd largest trading nation

4th largest economy



World Bank-Supported

Projects & Programs







The Five Pillars


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Million USD $$*

IBRDThe International Bank for

Reconstruction and Development

IDAThe International

Development Association

more than 135 million people living on less than $1 a day


Challenges of China

as a MIDDLE INCOME country

1. A growing but still weak civil society

2. Shortening of the gap between the wealthy and the poor

3. Emphasis on the economy while neglecting environmental

concerns


the provider of economic analysis,

policy advice, technical assistance and training

from LENDER to CONSULTANT



bottom-up development IDEAS

address development CHALLENGES

mobilize social resources to REDUCE POVERTY

CHINA DEVELOPMENT

MARKETPLACE

INNOVATIVE ideas on

how to best reduce poverty

$1.17 million were awarded to

the 50 most INNOVATIVE projects


Globalization: Wind Power in Pingtan Island

Using GLOBAL technology for

Clean & Cheap energy


Call for a Green China

A Global Environmental Event



International conferences with a unique, global, environmental

awareness-raising CULTURAL PERFORMANCE

“ Today, well over 60 percent World Bank

Group-financed projects and activities

include a strong focus on the environment.”

~World Bank~








The Five Pillars






The Five Pillars


The World Bank inWorking for A World Free of Poverty GHANA

GHANA

GHANA

Location: West Africa

Population: 22,532,600 people (2006)

One of poorest countries in the world


The World Bank in Ghana

1. POVERTY REDUCTION and SUSTAINABLE GROWTH

2. SOLUTIONS in dealing with special CHALLENGES OF POST

CONFLICT countries

3. DISEASES and TRADE

4. GLOBAL KNOWLEDGE


International Development Association (IDA)

QUICK FACTS FOR GHANA

53 years of invested time!

Provider of most of the

income to the country,

excluding the government

Holistic approach




About 6-7 percent economic

growth since 2005

Politically they have had

two peaceful elections

Poverty rate has dropped 23

percent in 14 years

1992 = 52 percent

2006 = 29 percent




They have provided money

for almost 200 cases that

directly contribute to

eradicating poverty:

1. Education

2. Health

3. Roads

4. Water

5. Energy

6. Agriculture


SANITATION AND WATER

500,000 people have been provided water-giving services

50,000 people with sanitation amenities


ENERGY

Akosombo and Kpong dams and power plants

Repair transmission system

Electricity access is 55 percent


National enrollment at 95 percent

Gender equality

Foundational education

achievement rate

Teacher training

Vocational learning

Adult literacy

EDUCATION


HEALTH

50 percent have health insurance


AGRICULTURE AND DEPLETION

Ghana’s economy: heavily

dependent on natural

resources therefore causing

major depletions

Long-term reforms


COMMUNITY SOCIETY ORGANIZATIONS (CSOs)

Look out for the good of the country,

like a checks and balances system


OTHER IMPORTANT FACTORS….

“Public Information Center and

Development Dialogue Series,”

which meet to discuss country

issues

Challenges ahead

Improvement needed


CONCLUSION

Major contributors financially

Cooperation

Holistic approach

Long-term focus


The World Bank inWorking for A World Free of Poverty YEMEN

YEMEN (The Republic of Yemen)

Location: Arabian Peninsula in Southwest Asia

Population: More than 23 million people

One of the poorest countries in the world


The Social Fund for Development (SFD): a Yemeni development

agency established in 1997 with support from the World Bank,

bilateral donors and the government of Yemen.

The Safe Childhood Center


1. Education

2. Healthcare or Health Services

3. Income generation through microfinance and

saving-service access


The SFD aims to improve access to basic services:


MICROFINANCING:

extending credit, usually in the form of small loans

with no collateral, to nontraditional borrowers such

as the poor in rural or undeveloped areas



Education Focus

Over 50 percent of its budget

is dedicated to education.

The Social Fund for Development

(SFD) is delivering basic

education to even the most

remote corners of the country.

1. Primary school enrollment

has increased from 61 to 67

percent.

2. The goal is universal

enrollment by 2015.

3. The focus is on the number of

girls in school (whose

enrollment numbers are far

behind those of boys).

4. The SFD refurbished 8,790

classrooms.


Ahmad

On the streets of

Sana’a, Yemen,

young AHMAD

used to spend his

days begging.

He moved to the Safe

Childhood Center— a home for

street children under

fourteen — and now has had a

safe home and is attending

elementary school.

School officials say he has

grown cheerful and more social.


Small Business Microfinancing

In 1998, with support from the World Bank through the Social Fund

for Development, the Yemeni government created the Small and

Microenterprise Development Program:

1. To provide financial and non-financial services to small and

microenterprises

2. To increase the income of the poor

3. Generate new job opportunities

4. Encourage microfinance through a number of capable Non

Governmental Organizations (NGOs)

5. Extended loans to more than 17,000 borrowers


Samira

They lend to women like 47-year-old

Samira Hasan Khalid.

This mother of nine borrowed $100

to buy a billiard table to rent to the

local kids.


“Perhaps with the expansion

of my business, I will employ

others.”

Obeida Mansour El-Sharif

Making credit available to some

of the poorest people in Yemen is

creating innovation where once

there was despair.

Though times were “extremely hard,”

as a mother of eleven, she

obtained a loan from a microcredit

agency and bought a sewing machine;

obtained a second loan and started a

women’s wear clothing shop; and

obtained a third loan and bought a

small minibus.

Now she employs her sons to help

her manage her businesses. World BankA World Free of Poverty

Promoting access to

safe water and health

services is also a

project priority,

accounting for 24

percent of SFD funding:

518 water projects providing potable water to

1.4 million Yemenis for the first time

New health care projects—focused on involving

local communities in managing and maintaining

health facilities

Training for health workers—having served

hundreds of thousands of Yemenis

Health Services


Improving the management of irrigation and drainage for all farmers

in two command areas in the Nile Delta, and thereby mainstreaming

Integrated Water Resources Management principles

Sakia Pumps


CHINA

YEMEN

GHANA

World Bank A World Free of Poverty IN CONCLUSION

Documents

The World Bank Introduction