The War of 1812

The English try again…

Background info.

• war from 1812- 1815• fought on land & sea (Atlantic coast)• tension still for NW territory & the

open seas• French & British War (Napoleonic

Wars) causing problems for American trade (Americans were neutral)

Causes• Embargo of 1807: made exporting from U.S.

illegal, repealed 1809 – Goal: remain neutral with Britain & France

during Napoleonic Wars

• frustration at British restraints on neutral trade & British blockade

• anger at British military support of American Indians

• Outraged with impressment – – British kidnapping American men and forced to

work on ships

Who was involved?http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EivTHLKaa9s

• Tecumseh – Shawnee Native fighting with British against Americans

• Jackson – leader at Battle of Horseshoe Bend; slaughtered Creek men, women, & children… but we won!

• Jefferson – Embargo Act (prohibited exports to foreign countries) = bad idea not reelected

• Madison – new president; reopened trade, except with Britain & France

Turning Points• Americans try to push their way into Canada

(attempt = failure)• Battle on the Chesapeake Bay

– British attacked & burned the shoreline; including DC & the Whitehouse

• Battle of New Orleans– 1815 – was the final major battle of War of 1812– stopped the British from invading & taking over our

new western lands– Americans win & Jackson becomes a hero

Outcomehttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vPKp29Luryc

• “The Star Spangled Banner” written by Francis Scott Key after the British bombed Fort McHenry & the flag was still flying

• Treaty of Ghent – met in neutral Belgium• Americans WIN!!! More land for the U.S. • But New England near rebellion because they

were hurt from trade restrictions & most fighting occurred in that area

Impact = Nationalism• United the country (remember the

Constitution was only written roughly 40 years

prior, not really yet in practice)!• Nationalism – pride in one’s country• British & French gain respect for U.S.• Native American resistance declines• U.S. manufacturing increases

Florida (1819)• Spain cedes FL to U.S. in deal

• Adams–Onis Treaty 1821 – annexed from Spain

Monroe Doctrinehttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cwvHtkCusHo

• Dec. 2, 1823 declared by President James Monroe

• purpose: keep Europeans out of the Americas• “proclaimed that European powers would no

longer colonize or interfere with the affairs of America and its new nation” = America is no longer open to Europe & the “Old World” & if they did… WAR!

• also America would not interfere with European affairs

• America’s nationalism would be felt all over the world!

SUMMARY

• QUIZ TIME

• 1. Which two nations fought in the War of 1812?

• 2. What were these two nations fighting over?

• 3. What battle gave our country our national anthem?

• 4. What battle ended the War of 1812?

• 5. Which president solidified the sovereignty of the United States?