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The Value Study as a Tool for Library Advocacy
National Network of Libraries of MedicineBoost Box, August 12, 2014
Joanne Gard Marshall
Alumni Distinguished Professor
School of Information & Library Science
University of North Carolina
Julia Sollenberger, Assoc. VP and Director
Medical Center Libraries & Technologies
University of Rochester Medical Center
Purpose:
Highlight YOUR library and its value in your organization
JMLA article
Study Team
NN/LM MAR Planning Team
• Julia Sollenberger, Chair, University of Rochester Medical Center
• Susan K. Cavanaugh, UMDNJ Camden
• Sharon Easterby-Gannett, Christiana Care Medical Libraries
• Sue Hunter, NN/LM MAR
• Mary Lou Klem, Health Sciences Library System, University of Pittsburgh
• Lynn Kasner Morgan, Mount Sinai Medical Center
• Kate Oliver, NN/LM MAR
• Neil Romanosky, NN/LM MAR
UNC Research Team
• Joanne Gard Marshall, UNC Principal Investigator
• Cheryl A. Thompson, Project Manager
• Jennifer Craft Morgan
• Marshica Stanley
• Amber Wells
The Value Study was a partnership of the National Network of Libraries of Medicine, Middle Atlantic Region (NN/LM MAR) and the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (UNC).
This project has been funded in part with federal funds from the National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, under Contract #N01-LM-6-3501 from New York University, NN/LM MAR.
Additional support was provided by the Hospital Library Section of the Medical Library Association (MLA), the NY/NJ Chapter of MLA; the Philadelphia Chapter of MLA; the Upstate New York and Ontario Chapter of MLA; the New York State Reference and Research Library Resources Councils and the Donald Lindberg Research Fellowship from MLA.
Analysis for this presentation was conducted by Joanne Gard Marshall, Jennifer Craft Morgan, Cheryl Thompson and Amber Wells.
Acknowledgements
• 56 Health Libraries serving 118 Hospitals
• September 2010 – May 2011
• Survey of physicians, residents, and nurses• In-depth follow-up interviews with 24 survey
respondents
16,122 physicians, residents, nurses.
Critical Incident Technique
OVERALL Attending physicians
Residents Nurses
75%
85% 85%
63%
Did you handle any aspect of the clinical situation differently as a result of having the information?
Percent answering definitely or probably yes
Changes in Patient Care
Changes Reported
Attending
Physicians
Residents Nurses
Advice given to patient or family
47% 45% 48%
Choice of drugs 46% 52% 15%
Choice of other treatments 42% 43% 17%
Diagnosis 36% 42% 9%
Choice of test 35% 40% 7%
Post-hospital treatment 12% 15% 12%
Length of stay 7% 11% 6%
Resulted in a better informed clinical decision
OVERALL Attending physicians
Residents Nurses
95%98% 98%
92%
OVERALL Attending physicians
Residents Nurses
85% 85%
90%
83%
SAVED ME TIME
Adverse Events Avoided as a Result of the Information
Adverse Event AvoidedAttending
Physicians Residents Nurses
Additional tests or procedures 29% 32% 7%
Patient misunderstanding of disease 19% 23% 26%
Misdiagnosis 22% 23% 3%
Adverse drug reaction or interaction 15% 16% 10%
Medication error 13% 17% 9%
Patient mortality 7% 10% 3%
Libra
ry/In
form
atio
n reso
urce
Discu
ssio
n with
colle
agues
Lab te
sts
Diagnost
ic im
agin
g
97%92%
87%80%
Importance of Information Sources to Quality of Clinical Care
Percent answering "Very Important" or "Important"
Access to Info Resources Used• Library website – 50%
• Institution’s Intranet – 52%
• Search engine such as Google – 37%
• Even when searching through Google, access tofull-text articles happens on campus because
institutional subscription is provided by Library
• Library (the place) – 19%
• Librarian or Library Staff – 14%
• Institution’s eRecord – 18%
Access data and results from Value
Study website.
http://nnlm.gov/mar/about/value.html
Ways to Use the Value Study Results and Data
• Present and publicize within your institution and community
• Frame conversations with administrators, budget folks
• Use/download the data; conduct additional analyses
Present and Publicize
• Use presentation-ready PowerPoint results
• Available at study website
• Non-participants could choose:
• Full study results, or
• Particular groups
• Evidence valid for any health sciences library
• Represents a broad range of types and sizes of libraries
• Represents perceptions of both physicians and nurses
Personalize
• Examples from study participants and
non-participants
• Use your own “stories” to frame the study results
• Make it personal and relevant
• Emphasize selected data, depending on your needs and audience
Presentation – University of Rochester
• Presentation to Medical Center Leadership Team
• Used own results; similar to full study
• Same presentation to Library staff
Publicize – U. of Rochester Medical Center
Publicize – U. of Rochester
(university-wide online newsletter) article
Publicize – U. of Pittsburgh
University of NC at Chapel Hill
Prepare a presentation that speaks to your institution.
• Showed difference between full study results and their own results
• Put story on Library website linking to the full study poster and slide presentation on the MAR Value Study website
University of NC at Chapel Hill
• First meeting/orientation with new Chancellor and new Provost.
• Greatest impression made with Value Study results
• Able to talk about integration with Electronic Health Record. Provost said “It’s like having a librarian on
your shoulder.”
• Strategic Planning for University Libraries.
• Help to convince non-medical librarians
• Outcome – included goal about access to info for
health providers and consumers in state
Publicize– North Shore LIJ, Lenox Hill Hospital
• Sent JMLA article to top execs of hospital. Prompted one to stop by for a tour and discussion. “Thank you for sharing the article. It shows the value of having a medical library in a hospital like ours.”
• Used in budget discussions with finance chief. He said “Now this is what I need to see.”
• Sent to Patient Safety folks to highlight avoidance of adverse events and reduction in patient length of stay
Frame Conversations – NY South Central Regional Library Council
• 99-bed hospital had sent a non-renewal of membership in SCRLC. Decision reversed.
• 500-bed hospital decided not to hire an MLS librarian; library clerk became manager. Value Study data helped SCRLC make strong case for significant professional development for the library manager.
Related Publications:JAMA Viewpoint Article
JAMA Article – Rochester Community
Frame Conversations – Queens Hospital Center
• Discussion initiated by hospital leadership on Hospital Strategic Plan
• Librarian shared Value Study and JAMA article
• Discussed ways library was supporting mission (Continuous Improvement in Quality of Care and in Patient Experience and Engagement)
• Supporting Evidence-Based Practice
• Instruction
• Licensing Point of Care Resources
• Serving on Hospital-Wide Committees
Open Doors –Winthrop University Hospital, L.I.Question from Interventional Radiologist – “Did you see
the article in JAMA?”Said he would talk to chief of Neuroscience Librarian invited to morning reportThen to Stroke report; ICU Neuro reportChief slides keyboard to librarian and says “teach us
something about PubMed” or “I was having trouble with this search…”
Librarian has taken 2 MOOCs in neurologyLibrarian says it has “changed her professional life”
Results Presented in National AHEC Meeting
Southeast Area Health Education Center InfoButtons – Library resources integrated in
EHR New Hanover Regional Medical Center,
Wilmington, NCPresentation used study results to emphasize
value of information to national audience
JAMA Article – Other Examples
• “Just got off the phone with an associate dean who was extolling the points you make…”
• “Article sent to me by one of our hospitalists, and we are now in talks about a pilot.”
• “A physician ripped it out of his own JAMA issue and handed it to me at today’s hospital grand rounds, which I coordinate.”
JAMA Article – Other Examples
• From a librarian who was laid off from a large regional teaching hospital in May 2013 – “I will send this article to my prior employer and ask that they reconsider the value of having professional medical librarians on their staff. What little cost reduction they achieved will just lead to increased costs elsewhere including potential loss of life.”
JAMA Article – Other Examples
• “We have shared it with our administrators and will be highlighting it throughout our institution for the National Medical Librarians Month.”
• “I am filled with joy. Below is an email I just sent to my CEO about the article. Thanks from the bottom of my heart.”
Use Value Study DATA
• Consider doing additional analyses
• Examples of using “time saved” data
• In two institutions, extrapolated to dollars saved
• Another institution used length of stay data and extrapolated to dollars saved
• Methodologies can differ. Make assumptions clear
Time Saved to Dollars Saved
• One participant institution
• With the most conservative assumptions, $1,179,552 per year saved
• One non-participant institution
• Used less conservative numbers, but in this hospital, $466,320 per year saved
Advanced Data Analysis• Multivariate analysis
• Used statistical models to examine the impact of using the library, librarian and library-provided databases on key outcome measures such as time saved, number of changes made to patient care and number of adverse events
• Good News: Using the librarian and coming to the physical library increased the number of positive outcomes as did accessing the databases via the access routes provided by the library
Look for Additional Publications by Joanne Marshall and the UNC research team
Nursing Data – Marshall, J., Morgan, J., Klem, M., Thompson, C., Wells, A., (August 2014) The Value of Library and Information Services in Nursing and Patient Care. OJIN: The Online Journal of Issues in Nursing Vol. 19 No. 3. DOI:10.3912/OJIN.Vol198No03PPT02
• Physician Data – Marshall, J., Morgan, J., Thompson, C., Wells, A., (August 2014). Library and Information Services: Impact on Patient Care Quality. International Journal of Health Care Quality Assurance. Vol. 27 No. 7. In press.
Canadian Data – Bartlett, J., Marshall, J. The Value of Library and Information Services in Patient Care: Canadian Results from an International Multisite Study. Association, 2013, 34(03): 138-146, Journal of the Canadian Health Libraries. DOI:10.5596/c13-063
