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7/28/2019 The Value and Effectiveness of Open Source Software and Open Standards to Public Sector Organisations
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The Value and Effectiveness of OpenSource Software and Open Standards to
Public Sector Organisations.
By: Anthony Tuffour BSc, MSc
GIS Technical Manager
London Borough of Hackney
Date:25/04/2012
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London Borough of Hackney (LBH)
One of Inner London Boroughs situated in East
London, UK
Has a workforce of about 4,000 that caters to a
population of 220,000
One of the most improved boroughs
One of the 2012 Olympics Boroughs
Research estimates that public sector in the UK
spends about 30% to 40% of their IT budgets on
software licensing
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The Concept of Open Source Software
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LBH Open Source Policy
The Councils policy is to buy-not-make business
applications as this allows it to focus on its core
business and take advantage of the economies of scale
that buying from the marketplace brings with it.
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Case Study Interactive Web
Mapping Application
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Case Study: Open Source Software Stack
Architecture
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Case Study: Map.Hackney2.0 Backend
Server Integration Architecture
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The Value and Effectiveness of Adopting
OSS and OS at LBH
Technological Factors
Security
Quality
CostsTry before you buy
Interoperability
Customisability
Organisational Factors
Freedom
OSS variation and functionality
Make a
perfect
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The value and Effectiveness of Adopting
OSS and OS at LBH
Environmental Factors
Active and vibrant community of supporters
Preferred by public institutions and governmental
agencies in Europe
l f h
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Key Elements for Success in the Adoption
of OSS and OS
OSS and OS Champion
Presence of skilled developers
Organisational policies, strategies and business
models that favour OSS and OS adoption
Comparative advantage of OSS and their
technological strength
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Barriers and Risks with OSS & OS
Adoption
Increased cost of implementation
Inadequacy of an in-depth design documentation
Top management understanding of OSS and OS
concepts
Migration from proprietary software to OSS
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The Concept of Open Source Software
(OSS)
OSS is a term for software published under
licenses that do not give any private intellectual
property rights to the developers (Osterloh &
Rota, 2007).
Contributions to the development process are
made by enthusiastic volunteers, non-paid
members of the OSS community investing theirfree time and private resources for a common
good in software development.
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The struggle of Open Source Software
Microsoft once remarked about the effects of opensource software on its business that long term
credible and a direct short-term revenue and
platform threat to Microsoft
Ballmer: Linux is a cancer Contaminates all other
software with Hippie GPL rubbish
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The struggle of Open Source Software
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OSS Transition Model
Within Product SuitIntegration and
Interoperability
Extensibility &
Customization
Costs
Support
Development Model
High cost within suit
Needs permission and
license to extend
Software license
required at a cost
Copyright law
Paid for support
services
(subscription)
Closed Community
Procedural languages
Client/Server
deployment
Introduction of
support for industry
standards
Explicit point of web
services integration
Availability of APIs
Ability to develop
add-ons and plug-ins
Added value
Freely available
express versions of
proprietary software
Online forums and
splinter groups
emerging outsid the
closed community
Web-wrapped client/
server
APIs
Component-based
service-orientedarchitecture
Extensibility
Release of component or
standard versions to OSS
community and offering
paid for support
Low cost application
assembly
Copyleft
Vibrant community of
users and developers
in addition to researchand development
institutions
Web-native
Service Oriented
Architecture
Object Oriented
Domain Closed Systems Transition Free & OSS
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The Concept of Open Standards (OS)
According to Pountain (2003) means "a standard that is
independent of any single institution ormanufacturer, and to which users may propose
amendments."
There are three key characteristics of open standards,
identified by Coyle (2002);
anyone can use the standards to develop software
anyone can acquire the standards for free or withouta significant cost and
the standard has been developed in a way in which
anyone can participate.
Th C t f O St d d
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The Concept of Open Standards -
Benefits
When OSS and OS are combined offers some significant
benefits;
Access to different types of information both within
and between partners
Greater Accessibility
Wider Knowledge about a technology and more
competitionAchievement of Interoperability
Easy Migration of data and other information assets
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Future Direction
OSS and OS will drive the business in the CorporateGIS team
Implementation of PostGIS, QGIS, GeoNetwork
and ESRI Geoportal concurrently with existing setup and wean ourselves from proprietary software
Ensure complete documentation in addition tothe architecture of the processes
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In Summary
Research estimates that by 2013 open source technology will be included in 85percent of all commercial software packages, and by 2016 will be included in
mission-critical software packages within 99 percent of global enterprises. This
sends a clear message that OSS and OS have come to stay and it is about
opportunity, risks, complexity and management challenges.
An open world is a better world.
Embracing open source is an attitude, not a binarychoice
Standards for your data are as important as to currentease of use
There is no stasis. Things will always change.