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Capacity building Workshop on Strengthening Integrated
Intermodal Transport Connectivity for Southeast and
South-Southwest Asia
8-9 March 2018, UNCC Bangkok
Edouard Chong Economic Affairs Officer, Transport Division
The use of Logistics Information
System for increasing efficiency of
transport connectivity
BACKGROUND:
ESCAP INITIATIVES TO ENHANCE REGIONAL CONNECTIVITY
Transport infrastructure
• Inter Governmental Agreements on Asian Highway, Trans-Asian Railway
Networks and the Dry Ports of international importance
Transport facilitation
• Regional Strategic Framework for the Facilitation of International Road
Transport (2012)
• Regional Cooperation Framework for Facilitation of International Railway
Transport (2015)
STUDY FINDINGS FROM
THE ESCAP EURASIAN TRANSPORT CORRIDORS PROJECT
– Intercontinental & multimodal routes – On the Asian Highway and Trans-Asian Railway networks – 23 countries – 47 inland border crossing points – 36 seaports
CENTRAL CORRIDOR
RAILWAY: DIFFERENT GAUGES
CENTRAL CORRIDOR
SOUTHERN CORRIDOR
RAILWAY: INFRASTRUCTURE QUALITY
NORTHERN CORRIDOR
CENTRAL CORRIDOR
SOUTHERN CORRIDOR
ROAD: INFRASTRUCTURE QUALITY
NORTHERN CORRIDOR
CENTRAL CORRIDOR
SOUTHERN CORRIDOR
TRANSPORT AND TRANSIT RIGHTS
• Bilateral agreement • Multilateral agreement (ECMT, EU, EEC, Intergovernmental Agreement on International Road
Transport along the Asian Highway Network etc.)
Road transport permits and traffic rights (cross border
road freight transport)
Fully liberalized (no permits)
Partially liberalized under certain conditions (permits, quota, etc.)
o Multiple trip valid for one year
o Single trip valid for one trip
o No Quota
o Quota
o Permit issued to transport operator
o Permit issued to vehicle
o No designated routes
o Designated routes
No traffic rights (loading/unloading at the border)
ROAD: TRAFFIC RIGHTS
NORTHERN CORRIDOR
ROAD: TRAFFIC RIGHTS
CENTRAL CORRIDOR
ROAD: TRAFFIC RIGHTS
SOUTHERN CORRIDOR
CHALLENGES TO SEAMLESS CONNECTIVITY
o Infrastructure quality
o Traffic rights:
• No traffic rights, transshipment at border areas
• Permit system (quotas, designated route, permit validity i.e. single trip or multiple, issue to vehicles or
service providers etc.)
• Transit is subjected to special permits if possible at all
• Cabotage is usually forbidden
o Mismatch and disbalance in transport regulations for bilateral/international road transport
• Designation of routes and extent of access granted
• Weight and dimension standards
• Requirements towards driving license
• Requirements for the third party liability insurance
• Customs requirements for temporary importation of vehicles and cargos
o Border-crossing operational gaps
• Not harmonized transit trade procedures
• Lack of inter-agency cooperation
• Low adoption of advance risk-management technologies
• Delays due to queuing
• Lengthy inspections
• Manual processing of the documents
• Working hours not synchronized between the 2 sides
WAY FORWARD: FACILITATION
Regional Frameworks
• Regional Strategic Framework for the Facilitation of International Road Transport
• Regional Cooperation Framework for Facilitation of International Railway Transport
Eight mutually complementary models
• Time/Cost-Distance Methodology
• Secure Cross-border Transport Model
• Model on Integrated Controls at Border Crossings
• Efficient Cross-border Transport Model
• Standard Model for Logistics Information System
• Model Bilateral Agreement on International Road Transport
• Model Subregional Agreement on Transport Facilitation
• Model Multilateral Permits for International Road Transport
ESCAP Transport Facilitation Tools
Regional Strategic Framework for
the Facilitation of International Road Transport
Common fundamental issues 1. road transport permits & traffic rights 2. visas for professional drivers & crew 3. temporary importation of road vehicles 4. insurance of vehicles 5. vehicle weights & dimensions 6. vehicle registration & inspection certificates Common approaches for key modalities for facilitation 1. building an effective legal regime 2. wider application of new technologies 3. development of professional training 4. establishment/strengthening of national coordination mechanisms 5. promotion of joint control at border crossings 6. promotion of economic zones at border crossings, dry ports and logistics centres 7. further application of facilitation tools
Regional Cooperation Framework for
the Facilitation of International Railway Transport
Identifies 4 fundamental issues for facilitation of international railway transport
• Standards for railway infrastructure, facilities and equipment • Break of gauge • Different legal regimes for railway transport contracts • Coordination of regulatory controls and inspections at border-interchange stations
Identifies 11 priority areas for cooperation among member countries to facilitate railway transport in the region
• participation in international railway organizations (OSJD, OTIF) • formulation of subregional and bilateral agreements on the facilitation of railway transport • cooperation to standardize cross-border railway operations • use of advance passenger/cargo information system(s) • arrangements for the exchange of wagons • use of new technologies in train operations as well as in container tracking • developing human resources for cross-border railway operations (visas, training, conditions of
service) • establishment of logistics centers/dry ports and maintenance hubs at or near border interchange
stations, particularly along railway freight corridors • simplification of the intermodal interface of railways with maritime, air and road transport • promotion of the corridor approach in the facilitation of international railway transport • work towards paperless railway freight transport
WAY FORWARD: FACILITATION
Eight mutually complementary models
• Time/Cost-Distance Methodology: identifying barriers and monitoring performance from
starting to ending points
• Secure Cross-border Transport Model: providing real-time monitoring enroute
• Model on Integrated Controls at Border Crossings: simplified and streamlined procedures at
border crossings
• Efficient Cross-border Transport Model: more efficient transport arrangement across borders
• Standard Model for Logistics Information System
• Model Bilateral Road Transport Agreements
• Model Subregional Transport Agreement
>>Implemented with the support of a Model multilateral permit for international road transport
Standard Model for Logistics Information System
“Improve the efficiency and effectiveness of national and transnational transport connectivity and logistics network through the use of information and communications technology (ICT).”
Standard Model for Logistics Information System
Overview: Functions of existing Logistics Information Systems
Functions
Rec
omm
ende
d
nati
onal
sys
tem
LOGINK E-Port Colins NACCS PORT-MIS SP-IDC GCTS uTrade PortNet Trade Net
Trad
eXCh
ange
NEAL-NET ANNA
ASEAN
Single
Window
User management:
importers/exporters, shippers, customs
brokersx x x x x x x x x x x x
freight forwarders x x x x x x x x x x x x x
warehouse operators x x x x x x x x
carriers inc agents x x x x x x x x x x x
terminal operators x x x x x x x x x x
Data interchange and messaging e.g.
documents transmission, queries, messages x x x x x x x x x x x x x
Standardizations e.g. data elements, code
set, business doc, business process modelsx x x x x x X x x x x x x x x
Imports/exports clearances e.g. customs,
quarantine, trade control l ink x x x x x
Seaport/airport clearance inc. cargo and
crewl ink x x x x
Payment:
Customs duties, taxes etc. l ink x x x x
transport related charges l ink x xTrack and trace l ink x x x x x x x x
B2G x x x x x x x x x x
B2B x x x x x x x x x x x
G2G x x x x x x x x
Statistical data and data information x x x x x x x x x x
M-All modes; A-Air; S-Sea; R-Road; W-
Railway M M M S AS S M SRW M S M M M S M
China Japan Republic of Korea Singapore Transnational
Standard Model for Logistics Information System
Lead agency Financing
LOGINK
Managed by Zhejiang Transport
Department under the guidance and
support of the Ministry of Transport
Mainly funded by the Government of
Zhejiang and subsidized by the Ministry
of Transport
E-Port
Customs plays the leading role in
construction and operation. e-Port
Committee office is located at the General
Administration of Customs
Service of public nature is mainly
financed by Government. Fees are charged
on certain "value added" functions.
ColinsMinistry of Land, Infrastructure,
Transport and Tourism
Ministry of Land, Infrastructure,
Transport and Tourism
NACCS NACCS Center (public-private investment
to establish; now a stock company)
Mainly financed by Government for
providing public service
PORT-MIS Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries
SP-IDC
Ownership and system management
rights with Ministry of Oceans and
Fisheries; system operation is consigned
to KMI
Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries
GCTS
Totally supported by the Ministry of
Oceans and Fisheries. MOLIT is involved
by sharing logistics information
especially on container trailer at highway
tollgate data.
Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries
uTrade
The Ministry of Knowledge Economy
designated KTNET as e-Trade service
provider for operating uTradeHub
services and systems under the e-Trade
promotion law.
Government
PortNet Port of Singapore Authority User charges
TradeNet
TradeXChange
NEAL-NET
Project is led by MoT of China, Republic
of Korea and Japan thorugh a Joint
Steering Committee; Secretariat is in
Hangzhou, China
Financed by the Government of member
countries. A business model that
combined Government subsidies and user
charges are under consideration for next
phase of development.
ANNA
Member states initiative with close
cooperation with the European
Commission. 14 EU nember states,
observer countries and observer
organizations e.g. World Customs
Orgnization
Co-financing among participating
countries
ASEAN Single
Window
Develop and manage by the ASW Steering
Committee; NSW by lead agencies of
respective countries, usually Customs
NSW financed on by each country:
Government budget, PPP, international
donors
Japan
Republic of Korea
Singapore
Transnational
PPP: Government + open tender to
investment, develop and operate the
system; user charges
Owned by Customs, Economic
Development Board and Infocomm
Development Authority
China
Overview:
Lead agencies
and
financing
Ministry of Knowledge Economy
Standard Model for Logistics Information System
Overview: Data Standards adopted
Data Standard LOGINK E-Port Colins NACCS PORT-
MISSP-IDC GCTS uTrade PortNet TradeNet
TradeXCh
ange
NEAL-
NETANNA
ASEAN
Single
Window
UN/EDIFACT: Messages x x x x x x x x x
UNECE Recommendations: Code x x x x x x x x x x x x
UNTDED x x x x X x x x x x
NEAL-NET x x x x
WCO Data Model x x x x x x
WCO HS x x x x x x x x x x x
IMO Vessel ID number/DG Code x x x x x x x x x x x x
IMO FAL Forms x x x x x x
IATA: Cargo IMP and Cargo XML x x x x
National standards x x x x x x x x
SWIFT x x
ISO: RFID and eSeal x x
GS1/EPC Global x x x x x
ebXML x x x x x x x
UBL x
Uses EDI to collect information x x x x x x x x x x
China Japan Republic of Korea Singapore Transnational
Standard Model for Logistics Information System
The Study includes examples of existing national and transnational systems, national experiences, recommended data and other technical standards and the Standard Model of Logistics Information Systems. General Recommendations • To utilize logistics information technology systems or other ICT resources related to logistics services, in order to establish national logistics information systems as a public platform providing effective and efficient information services as well as future transnational interchange • To establish a regional mechanism promoting cooperation among countries in the development of national logistics information systems; ideally include therein the coordination of standards and the development of cooperation through a legal framework. • To consider government investment or public-private partnerships to fund the development of logistics information systems. • To adopt the “Standard Model of Logistics Information Systems” in the development of national system. http://www.unescap.org/resources/regional-study-use-logistics-information-systems-increased-efficiency-and-effectiveness
Standard Model for Logistics Information System
STANDARD MODEL B2B, B2G, G2G for all modes of transport Functions: Data interchange: documents, messages etc. transmissions Information queries: database on service providers, track and trace etc. Information service: information on regulations, rules, vessels schedules, statistics etc. Administrative service: payment of duties, import export clearance etc. Data standardization (international technical standards) e.g. UNTDED, UN/EDIFACT, UN/CLL, ebXML, IATA: Cargo IMP and Cargo XML, ISO country codes, IMO Vessel codes etc. Main benefits: Transparency, traceability, efficiency, reduced cost
Functions
Rec
omm
ende
d
nati
onal
sys
tem
LOGINK E-Port Colins NACCS PORT-MIS SP-IDC GCTS uTrade PortNet Trade Net
Trad
eXCh
ange
NEAL-NET ANNA
ASEAN
Single
Window
User management:
importers/exporters, shippers, customs
brokersx x x x x x x x x x x x
freight forwarders x x x x x x x x x x x x x
warehouse operators x x x x x x x x
carriers inc agents x x x x x x x x x x x
terminal operators x x x x x x x x x x
Data interchange and messaging e.g.
documents transmission, queries, messages x x x x x x x x x x x x x
Standardizations e.g. data elements, code
set, business doc, business process modelsx x x x x x X x x x x x x x x
Imports/exports clearances e.g. customs,
quarantine, trade control l ink x x x x x
Seaport/airport clearance inc. cargo and
crewl ink x x x x
Payment:
Customs duties, taxes etc. l ink x x x x
transport related charges l ink x xTrack and trace l ink x x x x x x x x
B2G x x x x x x x x x x
B2B x x x x x x x x x x x
G2G x x x x x x x x
Statistical data and data information x x x x x x x x x x
M-All modes; A-Air; S-Sea; R-Road; W-
Railway M M M S AS S M SRW M S M M M S M
China Japan Republic of Korea Singapore Transnational
Standard Model for Logistics Information System
Standard Model for Logistics Information System
Illustrative diagram of overall architecture of Logistics Information System