The Use and Ranking of Different English Language Learning Strategies by English Major Iranian Female University Level Learners

8/2/2019 The Use and Ranking of Different English Language Learning Strategies by English Major Iranian Female University …

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Jmhk~mkn bh Bhabm {{{(jmhk~mknbhbhabm(ldg

=9 5 < Gmylc 9?=9

\nrna Cd||nbh @munjb* G(M(

Qcn ^|n mha Ymhfbhk d` Ab``nynhq Nhkjb|c Jmhk~mkn Jnmyhbhk \qymqnkbn| irNhkjb|c Gmedy Bymhbmh @ngmjn ^hbpny|bqr Jnpnj Jnmyhny| =><

JMHK^MKN BH BHABM\qynhkqc `dy Qdamr mha Iybkcq Cdpn `dy Qdgdyyd{

Pdj~gn =9 5 < Gmylc 9?=9B\\H =2<?'921?

Gmhmkbhk Nabqdy5 G( \( Qcby~gmjmb* _c(A(

Nabqdy|5 I( Gmjjbfmye~h* _c(A(

\mg Gdcmhjmj* _c(A(

I( M( \cmymam* _c(A(

M( Y( @mqbcb* _c(A(

Jmfcmh K~|mbh* _c(A(

Enhhb`ny Gmybn Imrny* _c(A(

\( G( Ymblcmhaymh* _c(A(

K( Im|fmymh* _c(A(J( Ymgmgddyqcr* _c(A(

Qcn ^|n mha Ymhfbhk d` Ab``nynhq Nhkjb|c Jmhk~mkn

Jnmyhbhk \qymqnkbn| ir Nhkjb|c Gmedy Bymhbmh

@ngmjn ^hbny|bqr Jnnj Jnmyhny|

\nrna Cd||nbh @munjb* G(M(777777777777777777777777777777777777777777777

Mi|qymlq

Qcb| |q~ar mbg| qd ymhf qrpn| d` Nhkjb|c jmhk~mkn jnmyhbhk |qymqnkbn| qcmq

myn ~|na ir Bymhbmh `ngmjn ~hbny|bqr jnnj jnmyhny| d` Nhkjb|c jmhk~mkn m|

m ~hbny|bqr gmedy( Qcn yn|~jq| |cd{ qcmq nslnpq qcn Gnqmldkhbqbn

\qymqnkbn| lmqnkdyr* qcn gnmh |ldyn `dy nmlc d` qcn `bn lmqnkdybn| `njj bh

qcn ymhkn d` gnab~g |qymqnkr ~|n(

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=9 5 < Gmylc 9?=9


Qcn ^|n mha Ymhfbhk d` Ab``nynhq Nhkjb|c Jmhk~mkn Jnmyhbhk \qymqnkbn| irNhkjb|c Gmedy Bymhbmh @ngmjn ^hbpny|bqr Jnpnj Jnmyhny| =>1

Fnr qnyg|5 Nhkjb|c Jmhk~mkn Jnmyhbhk \qymqnkbn|* Nhkjb|c Jnmyhbhk*

@ngmjn Jnmyhny| d` Nhkjb|c

=( Bhqyda~lqbdh

Bh qcn jm|q qcynn anlman| dy |d* mh bgpdyqmhq |cb`q cm| qmfnh pjmln bh

qcn `bnja d` |nldha$`dynbkh jmhk~mkn jnmyhbhk* mha yn|nmylcny| cmn

`dl~|na gmbhjr dh jnmyhny‒| bhabba~mj `mlqdy|( Bq gbkcq in mppydpybmqn qd

yn`ny qd [nhanh #=23>" {cd yngbha| ~| m pydnyi {cblc |qmqn| ‚Kbn m

gmh m `b|c mha cn nmq| `dy m amr( Qnmlc cbg cd{ qd `b|c mha cn nmq| `dy m

jb`nqbgn‗( Qcb| pydnyi qnjj| ~| qcmq b` jnmyhny| myn qm~kcq |qymqnkbn| d`

jmhk~mkn jnmyhbhk qd {dyf d~q* qcnr {bjj in ngpd{nyna qd gmhmkn qcnby

d{h jnmyhbhk( Bh qcb| {mr Njjb| #=23>" mj|d ljmbg| qcmq hmqbn jmhk~mkn

|pnmfny| ~|n qcn |mgn |qymqnkr qrpn| m| jnmyhny| d` |nldha$`dynbkh

jmhk~mkn ~|n( Bh maabqbdh* Lcmgdq* Imyhcmyaq* Nj'Abhhmyr mha Y~iibh|

#=222" pdbhq d~q qcmq ‚Ab``nynhln| inq{nnh gdyn n``nlqbn jnmyhny| mhajn|| n``nlqbn jnmyhny| {nyn `d~ha bh qcn h~giny mha ymhkn d` |qymqnkbn|

~|na‗ #p(=00"( Qcnyn`dyn* qcn bgpdyqmhln d` nhld~ymkbhk ~|bhk Jmhk~mkn

Jnmyhbhk \qymqnkbn| #JJ|" b| ~hanhbmijn( Gdyndny* nnh yn|nmylcny| #n(k(

Ds`dya* =22?6 Njjb| & \bhljmby* =232" |~ppdyq qcn injbn` qcmq jnmyhny| {cd

ynlnbn jnmyhny qymbhbhk* knhnymjjr jnmyh inqqny qcmh qcd|n {cd ad hdq( Qcnyn|nmylcny mbg| qd bhn|qbkmqn ynkmyabhk Nhkjb|c Jmhk~mkn Jnmyhbhk

\qymqnkbn| #NJJ\|" mgdhk qcn |q~anhq| d` Nhkjb|c m| ~hbny|bqr gmedy qd








=9 5 < Gmylc 9?=9


Qcn ^|n mha Ymhfbhk d` Ab``nynhq Nhkjb|c Jmhk~mkn Jnmyhbhk \qymqnkbn| irNhkjb|c Gmedy Bymhbmh @ngmjn ^hbpny|bqr Jnpnj Jnmyhny| =>>

`bha cd{ g~lc qcn ~hbny|bqr |q~anhq| d` Nhkjb|c ~|n |~lc |qymqnkbn|( Qcn

ynm|dh qcmq {cr qcn yn|nmylc `dl~|n| dh `ngmjn dhjr* qd mdba qcn

bh`j~nhln d` knhany dh qrpn d` yn|nmylc #Ncymgmh & Ds`dya* =2326 Kynnh

& Ds`dya* =22>6 Ds`dya & Hrbfd|* =232"(

9( Ynbn{ d` qcn Jbqnymq~yn

M| Ds`dya #=22?" pdbhq| d~q cd{ Jmhk~mkn Jnmyhbhk

\qymqnkbn|#JJ\|" myn bgpdyqmhq bh idqc qcndynqblmj mha pymlqblmj m|pnlq| d`

jmhk~mkn jnmyhbhk `dy jmhk~mkn jnmyhny|6 |bhln qcn p~ijblmqbdh d` |ngbhmj

{dyf| ‚[cmq kdda jnmyhny| lmh qnmlc ~|‗ #Y~ibh* =2;>" mha ‚[cmq lmh

{n jnmyh `ydg kdda jnmyhny|‗ #\qnyh* =2;>"* qcnyn cmn adhn g~lc

mj~mijn {dyf| bh qcn `bnja d` JJ\| ( Bh |~lc lm|n* i~bjabhk dh qcn

pynbd~| {dyf* qcn bhn|qbkmqdy mbg| qd maa nmyjbny yn|nmylc(

Qd d~y fhd{jnakn* m ynbn{ d` qcn ynjnmhq jbqnymq~yn ldh|banybhk

JJ\| |cd{| m`qny anlman| d` yn|nmylc bh qcn ynjmqna `bnja* JJ\| cmn

ynlnbna ldh|banymijn mqqnhqbdh bh qcn jbqnymq~yn( Qcn yn|nmylcny| lmgn qd

ldhlj~|bdh qcmq m|q h~giny d` |qymqnkbn| cm| innh ynpdyqna qd in ~|na ir

jmhk~mkn jnmyhny| #Ldcnh*=22?" qcyd~kc mybd~| ~|na gnqcda| |~lc m|

|~ynr qddj| mha {ybqqnh }~n|qbdhhmbyn #K~ & Edch|dh*=2206 @mh*9??<"*

bhqnybn{ #K~*9??<6 _myf| & Ymrgdha*9??1"* qcbhf'mjd~a dy nyimj

ynpdyq| #Kdc*=2236 Hm||meb*9??<"* abmybn| dy abmjdk~n ed~yhmj #Lmy|dh &

Jdhkcbhb*9??9"* ynldjjnlqbn hmyymqbn| #Ds`dya* Jmbhn* @njfbh|*








=9 5 < Gmylc 9?=9



Cdjjm{mr & \mjnc* =220"( \~lc gnm|~yngnhq| myn ~|na bh qcn |bhkjn `dyg

d` gnqcda #|npmymqnjr" dy m| ldgpdhnhq gnqcda| #|bhkjn |nq d` gnqcda|"

im|na dh hmq~yn mha kdmj| d` yn|nmylc {dyf|(

Ynjmqna jbqnymq~yn d` JJ\| bhlj~an| nspjmhmqbdh| d` |dgnbhqnyn|qbhk pmqqnyh| ynkmyabhk JJ\|* |~lc m| Gmyqb+hnu #=220" myk~n| |dgn

`nmq~yn| d` JJ\| {cblc myn bh`nyyna `ydg qcn jbqnymq~yn5 m"Qcnr pjmr

bgpdyqmhq ydjn qd `mlbjbqmqn jmhk~mkn jnmyhbhk6 i"Jnmyhny| gmr ~|n JJ\| m|

pydijng'|djbhk gnlcmhb|g| qd anmj {bqc qcn pydln|| d` |nldha$`dynbkh

jmhk~mkn jnmyhbhk(

\bhln =2;>|* adunh| d` |q~abn| cmn ldhqybi~qna qd d~y

~hany|qmhabhk d` |qymqnkbn| ~|na ir N\J #Nhkjb|c m| m \nldha

Jmhk~mkn"$N@J #Nhkjb|c m| m @dynbkh Jmhk~mkn" jnmyhny| mq qcn jnnj d`

ma~jq|( \~lc |q~abn| |cd{ qcmq bh dyany qd m``nlq lcmhkn| bh pnylnpqbdh| d`

jnmyhny|‒ ydjn bh jnmyhbhk pydln||* {n hnna qd ab|ldny gdyn mid~q {cmq

jnmyhny| ad qd jnmyh |~lln||`~jjr( Gdyndny* |~lc |q~abn| |cd{ qcmq qcn

in|q {mr d` kdbhk mid~q qnmlcbhk |qymqnkbn| yngmbh m |~ienlq d` g~lc

animqn ybkcq ~p qd qcn pyn|nhq #Iyd{h* 9??=" inlm~|n d` ~|n d` JJ\| b|

bh`j~nhlna ir h~giny d` `mlqdy| #Ds`dya* =22?"* mha qcn `yn}~nhlr mha

mybnqr d` JJ\| myr mgdhk ab``nynhq bhabba~mj| mha anpnha dh m h~giny

d` mybmijn| #Lcmgdq & F~ppny* =232"( Bh maabqbdh* yn|nmylc |cd{| qcmq

|q~anhq| ab``ny ldh|banymijr bh qcn ~|n d` JJ\| #D+Gmjjnr & Lcmgdq*








=9 5 < Gmylc 9?=9


Qcn ^|n mha Ymhfbhk d` Ab``nynhq Nhkjb|c Jmhk~mkn Jnmyhbhk \qymqnkbn| irNhkjb|c Gmedy Bymhbmh @ngmjn ^hbpny|bqr Jnpnj Jnmyhny| =>;

=22?6 Ds`dya & Ldcnh* =229"( Mjqcd~kc mqqbq~an|* |ns* nqchblbqr* mha qcn

dqcny `mlqdy| cmn ynlnbna jn||ny ngpcm|b| bh qcn ynlnhq |q~abn| d` JJ\|

#Ds`dya & Ldcnh* =229"(

<( Gnqcdadjdkr

<(= _myqblbpmhq|

Qcn |mgpjn aym{h `ydg qcn pdp~jmqbdh g~|q in ynpyn|nhqmqbn |d

m| qd mjjd{ qcn yn|nmylcny| qd gmfn bh`nynhln| dy knhnymjbumqbdh `ydg

|mgpjn |qmqb|qbl| qd pdp~jmqbdh #Gmjn|fn* =22>"( M qdqmj d` q{d c~hayna

mha qcbyqnnh Bymhbmh `ngmjn ~hbny|bqr jnnj jnmyhny| d` Nhkjb|c jmhk~mkn m|

m ~hbny|bqr gmedy mq qcn B|jmgbl Muma ^hbny|bqr Iymhlcn| d` qcynn lbqbn|

{cblc hmgna Mimamh* Anu`~j* mha Gm|ena'\djrgmh bh Fc~un|qmh

pydbhln bh |d~qc d` Bymh* {nyn m|fna qd pmyqblbpmqn bh qcb| yn|nmylc {dyf(

Qcn bhqmlq ljm||n| qcmq {nyn lcd|nh(

Qcn lcd|nh pmyqblbpmhq| `dy qcb| |q~ar {nyn `ngmjn |q~anhq| |q~arbhk

bh qcbya kyman #rnmy" d` Nhkjb|c gmedy d` I(M( ankynn* ymhkbhk bh mkn `ydg

=2 qd 93#Gnmh7 9<(1* \A7 9"(Qcnby gdqcny qdhk~n {m| _ny|bmh #@my|b"

{cblc b| qcn d``blbmj jmhk~mkn d` Bymh* mlldyabhk qd Mlq => d` qcn Bymhbmh

ldh|qbq~qbdh(

<(9 Bh|qy~gnhqmqbdh bh qcn L~yynhq \q~ar








=9 5 < Gmylc 9?=9



Qcynn bh|qy~gnhq| {nyn ~|na qd kmqcny amqm bh qcn l~yynhq |q~ar( Qcnr

{nyn5

<(9(= \qymqnkr Bhnhqdyr `dy Jmhk~mkn Jnmyhbhk #\BJJ"

Qcn \qymqnkr Bhnhqdyr `dy Jmhk~mkn Jnmyhbhk#\BJJ" d` Yninllm

J( Ds`dya #=22?" b| m fbha d` |nj`'ynpdyq }~n|qbdhhmbyn qcmq cm| innh ~|na

nsqnh|bnjr ir yn|nmylcny| bh gmhr ld~hqybn|* mha bq| ynjbmibjbqr cm| innh

lcnlfna bh g~jqbpjn {mr|* mha cm| innh ynpdyqna m| cbkc mjbabqr*

ynjbmibjbqr mha ~qbjbqr#Ds`dya* =220"( Bh maabqbdh* `mlqdy mhmjr|b| d` \BJJ b|

ldh`bygna ir gmhr |q~abn| #C|bmd & Ds`dya* 9??96 Ds`dya* =2206 Ds`dya

& I~yyr'\qdlf* =22>"(Bh qcb| {mr* m| Njjb| #=221" injbnn| Ds`dya‒|

qmsdhdgr b| pd||bijr qcn gd|q ldgpyncnh|bn l~yynhqjr mmbjmijn( \nnymj

ngpbyblmj |q~abn| cmn innh `d~ha gdanymqn bhqnyldyynjmqbdh inq{nnh qcn

bqng| d` |bs lmqnkdybn| bh \BJJ #Ds`dya & Ncygmh* =22>"(

Qcn \BJJ bhlj~an| Gngdyr \qymqnkbn| #2 bqng|"* Ldkhbqbn

\qymqnkbn| #=1 bqng|"* Ldgpnh|mqbdh \qymqnkbn| #0 bqng|"* Gnqmldkhbqbn

\qymqnkbn| #2 bqng|"* M``nlqbn \qymqnkbn| #0 bqng|"* mha \dlbmj \qymqnkbn|

#0 bqng|"(

Qcn dybkbhmj bhnhqdyr bhlj~an| >? bqng|* i~q qcn mampqna ny|bdh

bhlj~an| 12 bqng| {cblc mampqna `dy qcn l~yynhq |q~ar( Bh mampqna ny|bdh

d` \BJJ* dhn bqng {m| qmfnh d~q( Qcn bqng {m| anjnqna im|na dh qcn

`nnaimlf `ydg pmyqblbpmhq| bh qcn pbjdq |q~ar( Ynb|bdh bh pmyq d` Ldkhbqbn








=9 5 < Gmylc 9?=9



\qymqnkbn| bhlj~an| anjnqbdh d` bqng h~giny 99 ‚B qyr hdq qd qymh|jmqn {dya

`dy {dya‗(

<(9(9 Qn|q d` Nhkjb|c m| m @dynbkh Jmhk~mkn #QDN@J"

Inlm~|n d` qcn hmq~yn d` qcb| {dyf #ynkmyabhk qcn ~|n d` Nhkjb|c

JJ\|"* QDN@J#\qy~lq~yn mha [ybqqnh Nspyn||bdh* mha Ynmabhk

Ldgpyncnh|bdh pmyq|" m| m knhnymj Nhkjb|c pyd`blbnhlr qn|q {m| ~|na `dy

anqnygbhbhk qcn pyd`blbnhlr jnnj d` pmyqblbpmhq| bh Nhkjb|c bh dyany qd

gbhbgbun qcn n``nlq d` Nhkjb|c jmhk~mkn pyd`blbnhlr( Qcn pmyqblbpmhq

{cdg {nyn ljm||b`bna m| bhqnygnabmqn |~ienlq|* {nyn m|fna qd pmyqblbpmqn

bh qcn l~yynhq |q~ar(

<(9(< M Imlfkyd~ha ]~n|qbdhhmbyn

Qcn |dlbd'nldhdgbl |qmq~| d` pmyqblbpmhq|* |~lc m| qcn pmyqblbpmhq|‒

|dlbmj imlfkyd~ha* mha pmynhq|‒ jnnj na~lmqbdh {m| ldhqydjjna m| {njj ir

m imlfkyd~ha }~n|qbdhhmbyn( Qcn gbaajn ljm|| |q~anhq| {nyn lcd|nh(

<(< _bjdq \q~ar

Qcn |mgpjn `dy qcn pbjdq |q~ar {m| |njnlqna |d m| bq ynpyn|nhq| qcn

nhqbyn |mgpjn `dy pmyqblbpmhq| {cdg m|fna qd pmyqblbpmqn bh qcn gmbh |q~ar(

\bhln |mgpjn |bun bh pbjdq |q~ar ymhkn| `ydg 9? qd ibkkny d` 0>

#Cbhfbh*=223"* qcbyqr hbhn `ngmjn |q~anhq| ~hbny|bqr jnnj jnmyhny| d`

Nhkjb|c jmhk~mkn m| m ~hbny|bqr gmedy mq B|jmgbl Muma ^hbny|bqr








=9 5 < Gmylc 9?=9


Qcn ^|n mha Ymhfbhk d` Ab``nynhq Nhkjb|c Jmhk~mkn Jnmyhbhk \qymqnkbn| irNhkjb|c Gmedy Bymhbmh @ngmjn ^hbpny|bqr Jnpnj Jnmyhny| =0?

Iymhlcn| d` qcynn lbqbn|* hmgnjr* Mimamh* Anu`~j* mha Gm|ena'\djrgmh

{nyn m|fna qd pmyqblbpmqn bh qcn pbjdq |q~ar(

<(1 Ynjbmibjbqr d` qcn Bh|qy~gnhq|

\bhln Lydhimlc+| mjpcm b| dhn d` qcn |qmhamya {mr| d` nspyn||bhk m

qn|q‒| ynjbmibjbqr #@d|qny* =223"6 mha bq| ldn``blbnhq b| ldggdhjr ~|na qd

an|lybin qcn ynjbmibjbqr `mlqdy| d` g~jqb'pdbhq `dygmqqna }~n|qbdhhmbyn| dy

|lmjn|6 bh |~lc {mr* qcn ynjbmibjbqbn| d` d~y nspnybgnhqmj gnm|~yn| {nyn

m||n||na ir lmjl~jmqbhk Lydhimlc+| mjpcm dny qcn bqng| d` qcn q{d

bh|qy~gnhq| mlyd|| mjj qcn pmyqblbpmhq| bh qcn l~yynhq |q~ar {cblc {nyn

`d~ha (32 `dy \BJJ* mha (3? `dy QDN@J( Qcn ynjbmibjbqr ldn``blbnhq

bhablmqna qcn ankynn qd {cblc qcn yn|~jq| dh m |lmjn lmh in ldh|banyna

bhqnyhmjjr ldh|b|qnhq* dy ynjbmijn #An Pnjjb|* 9??<6 H~hhmjjr & Inyh|qnbh*

=221"( \~lc `bhabhk d` ynjbmibjbqbn| `dy qcn q{d bh|qy~gnhq| ldh`byg| qcn

`bhabhk d` ynjbmibjbqbn| bh qcn pbjdq |q~ar(

<(> Gnqcda d` Amqm Ldjjnlqbdh

Qcn |q~ar {m| adhn mq nmlc iymhlc d` qcn B|jmgbl Muma ^hbny|bqr

bh q{d |qmkn| #bh q{d |n||bdh| a~ybhk q{d {nnf|"( In`dyn qcn |q~ar

ldggnhlna* mjj qcn pmyqblbpmhq| {nyn bh`dygna d` qcn dienlqbn| d` qcn

|q~ar( Qcn pmyqblbpmhq| {nyn kbnh QDN@J bh qcn `by|q |qmkn #qcn `by|q

|n||bdh bh qcn `by|q {nnf"* qcnh qcn mampqna ny|bdh d` \BJJ mjdhk|ban








=9 5 < Gmylc 9?=9


Qcn ^|n mha Ymhfbhk d` Ab``nynhq Nhkjb|c Jmhk~mkn Jnmyhbhk \qymqnkbn| irNhkjb|c Gmedy Bymhbmh @ngmjn ^hbpny|bqr Jnpnj Jnmyhny| =0=

Imlfkyd~ha ]~n|qbdhhmbyn bh qcn |nldha |qmkn #qcn |nldha |n||bdh bh qcn

`djjd{bhk {nnf"(

<(0 Amqm Mhmjr|b|

M`qny amqm ldjjnlqbdh* qcn amqm {m| nhqnyna dhqd

amqmim|n| #Nslnj mha \_\\" qd nhmijn amqm mhmjr|b| qd in lmyybnad~q(

1( Yn|~jq| mha Ab|l~||bdh

Qcn gnmh| {nyn lmjl~jmqna bh dyany qd anqnygbhn qcn ynpdyqna

`yn}~nhlr d` |qymqnkr ~|n mgdhk qcn qdqmj kyd~p d` qcn yn|pdhanhq|

#H79=<"( Bh ynpdyqbhk qcn `yn}~nhlr ~|n d` JJ\|* Ds`dya‒| fnr #=22?"

{m| ~|na qd ~hany|qmha gnmh |ldyn| dh \BJJ bh qcn l~yynhq |q~ar5

Bh qcn nhqbyn |mgpjn* nslnpq qcn Gnqmldkhbqbn \qymqnkbn| lmqnkdyr*

qcn gnmh |ldyn `dy nmlc d` qcn `bn lmqnkdybn| `njj bh qcn ymhkn d` gnab~g

|qymqnkr ~|n( Qcn |qymqnkbn| bh qcn Gnqmldkhbqbn lmqnkdyr {nyn qcn gd|q

`yn}~nhqjr ~|na* {bqc m gnmh d` <(; #\A7(01"( Qcn gnmh ~|n d` |qymqnkbn|

bh qcn dqcny `bn lmqnkdybn| {nyn <(9 #\A7(0<" `dy Ldgpnh|mqbdh

\qymqnkbn|* <(= #\A7(02" `dy M``nlqbn \qymqnkbn|* <(= #\A7(;2" `dy \dlbmj








=9 5 < Gmylc 9?=9


Qcn ^|n mha Ymhfbhk d` Ab``nynhq Nhkjb|c Jmhk~mkn Jnmyhbhk \qymqnkbn| irNhkjb|c Gmedy Bymhbmh @ngmjn ^hbpny|bqr Jnpnj Jnmyhny| =09

\qymqnkbn|* <(? #\A7(>2" `dy Gngdyr \qymqnkbn|* mha <(? #\A7(>9" `dy

Ldkhbqbn \qymqnkbn|( Gnmh d` qcn dnymjj |qymqnkr ~|n {m| <(9 #\A7(1>"*

{cblc lmqnkdybuna m| m gnab~g jnnj( Nslnpq qcn Gnqmldkhbqbn lmqnkdyr*

qcnyn {m| hdq g~lc ab``nynhln bh qcn gnmh |ldyn| d` |qymqnkr ~|n mgdhk

qcn dqcny `bn lmqnkdybn|(

Qcn yn|nmylcny banhqb`bna qcn Cbkc `yn}~nhqjr ~|na |qymqnkr bqng|

bh qcn l~yynhq |q~ar qcmq {nyn bhlj~ana `ydg |bsqnnh |qymqnkr bqng|( Qcn

|qymqnkbn| ldnyna |qymqnkbn| `ydg qcn |bs lmqnkdybn|( Qcn h~giny| d`

|qymqnkr bqng| {nyn |bs |qymqnkr bqng| `ydg qcn Gnqmldkhbqbn \qymqnkbn|

lmqnkdyr* qcynn |qymqnkr bqng| `ydg qcn Ldkhbqbn \qymqnkbn| lmqnkdyr* q{d

|qymqnkr bqng| `ydg qcn M``nlqbn \qymqnkbn| lmqnkdyr* q{d |qymqnkr bqng|

`ydg qcn Ldgpnh|mqbdh \qymqnkbn| lmqnkdyr* q{d |qymqnkr bqng| `ydg qcn

Gngdyr \qymqnkbn| lmqnkdyr* mha dhn |qymqnkr bqng `ydg qcn \dlbmj

\qymqnkbn| lmqnkdyr( Qcn gd|q bhqnyn|qbhk `bhabhk {m| qcmq `ydg qcn |bsqnnh

Cbkc `yn}~nhqjr ~|na |qymqnkr bqng|* |bs d` qcng {nyn `ydg qcn

Gnqmldkhbqbn \qymqnkbn| lmqnkdyr* mha qcn gmsbg~g gnmh bh qcb| jnnj d`

~|n injdhkna qd qcn Gnqmldkhbqbn \qymqnkbn| lmqnkdyr(

Qcn yn|nmylcny banhqb`bna qcn Gnab~g `yn}~nhqjr ~|na |qymqnkr

bqng| bh qcn l~yynhq |q~ar qcmq {nyn bhlj~ana `ydg qcbyqr |qymqnkr bqng|(Qcn |qymqnkbn| ldnyna |qymqnkbn| `ydg qcn |bs lmqnkdybn|( Qcn h~giny| d`

|qymqnkr bqng| {nyn hbhn |qymqnkr bqng| `ydg qcn Ldkhbqbn \qymqnkbn|








=9 5 < Gmylc 9?=9


Qcn ^|n mha Ymhfbhk d` Ab``nynhq Nhkjb|c Jmhk~mkn Jnmyhbhk \qymqnkbn| irNhkjb|c Gmedy Bymhbmh @ngmjn ^hbpny|bqr Jnpnj Jnmyhny| =0<

lmqnkdyr* |nnh |qymqnkr bqng| `ydg qcn Gngdyr \qymqnkbn| lmqnkdyr* `bn

|qymqnkr bqng| `ydg qcn \dlbmj \qymqnkbn| lmqnkdyr* qcynn |qymqnkr bqng|

`ydg qcn M``nlqbn \qymqnkbn| lmqnkdyr* qcynn |qymqnkr bqng| `ydg qcn

Ldgpnh|mqbdh \qymqnkbn| lmqnkdyr* mha qcynn |qymqnkr bqng| `ydg qcn

Gnqmldkhbqbn \qymqnkbn| lmqnkdyr( Qcn gd|q bhqnyn|qbhk `bhabhk {m| qcmq

`ydg qcbyqr Gnab~g `yn}~nhqjr ~|na |qymqnkr bqng|* hbhn d` qcng {nyn

`ydg qcn Ldkhbqbn \qymqnkbn| lmqnkdyr* mha qcn gmsbg~g gnmh| bh qcb|

jnnj d` ~|n injdhkna qd qcn Ldkhbqbn* M``nlqbn* mha Gnqmldkhbqbn

\qymqnkbn| lmqnkdybn|(

Qcn yn|nmylcny banhqb`bna qcn Jd{ `yn}~nhqjr ~|na |qymqnkr bqng| bh

qcn l~yynhq |q~ar qcmq {nyn bhlj~ana `ydg qcynn |qymqnkr bqng|( Qcn

|qymqnkbn| ldnyna |qymqnkbn| `ydg qcynn lmqnkdybn|( Qcn h~giny| d`

|qymqnkr bqng| {nyn dhn |qymqnkr bqng `ydg qcn Ldgpnh|mqbdh \qymqnkbn|

lmqnkdyr* dhn |qymqnkr bqng `ydg qcn Ldkhbqbn \qymqnkbn| lmqnkdyr* mha

dhn |qymqnkr bqng `ydg qcn M``nlqbn \qymqnkbn| lmqnkdyr( Qcn gbhbg~g

gnmh bh qcb| jnnj d` ~|n injdhkna qd qcn M``nlqbn \qymqnkbn| lmqnkdyr(

>( Jbgbqmqbdh| d` qcn L~yynhq \q~ar

Knhnymjjr |pnmfbhk* qcnyn myn |dgn ab``bl~jqbn| bhcnynhq bh

nhanmdy qd ldha~lq mhr yn|nmylc {dyf dh qcn jnmyhny| d` m |nldha$`dynbkh

jmhk~mkn( \bgbjmyjr* qcn pyn|nhq |q~ar a~n qd ~|bhk Ns _d|q `mlqd qrpn d`








=9 5 < Gmylc 9?=9



yn|nmylc cm| lnyqmbh jbgbqmqbdh| qcmq g~|q in qmfnh bh gbha {cblc

bhqnypynqmqbdh d` qcn yn|~jq|(

Gdyndny* |bhln mjj qcn na~lmqbdh }~m|b'yn|nmylc anmj| {bqc jbbhk

c~gmh inbhk| dll~y d~q d` jmidymqdyr ldhabqbdh| cmn jbgbqmqbdh| #Kmjj*Kmjj & Idyk* 9??<"( Jbfn mhr |q~ar* qcn l~yynhq |q~ar cm| m h~giny d`

jbgbqmqbdh|( Qcn jbgbqmqbdh| bh qcb| |q~ar bhlj~an jbgbqmqbdh| qcmq myn ynjmqna

qd }~n|qbdhhmbyn|* Nhkjb|c pyd`blbnhlr qn|q* |qmqb|qblmj gnqcda* jmykn d`

|mgpjn* qrpn d` yn|nmylc* ldgpyncnh|bn dpnymqbdhmj an`bhbqbdh|*

nhbydhgnhq* mha l~jq~yn(

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Yn`nynhln|

Iyd{h* C( A( #9??="( _ybhlbpjn| d` jmhk~mkn jnmyhbhk mha qnmlcbhk(

Nhkjn{dda Ljb``|* HE5 _ynhqbln Cmjj(

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|qymqnkbn|5 M ambyr |q~ar bh mh bggny|bdh |nqqbhk( Jmhk~mkn Jnmyhbhk*

>9#9"* 1?='1<3(

Lcmgdq* M( ^(* Imyhcmyaq* \(* Nj'Abhhmyr* _( I(* & Y~iibh|* E( #=222"(

Qcn jnmyhbhk |qymqnkbn| cmhaiddf ( Hn{ Rdyf5 Jdhkgmh(








=9 5 < Gmylc 9?=9


Qcn ^|n mha Ymhfbhk d` Ab``nynhq Nhkjb|c Jmhk~mkn Jnmyhbhk \qymqnkbn| irNhkjb|c Gmedy Bymhbmh @ngmjn ^hbpny|bqr Jnpnj Jnmyhny| =0>

Lcmgdq* M(* & F~ppny* J( #=232"( Jnmyhbhk |qymqnkbn| bh `dynbkh

bh|qy~lqbdh( @dynbkh Jmhk~mkn Mhhmj|* 99* =<'91(

Ldcnh* M(A( #=22?"( Jmhk~mkn jnmyhbhk5 Bh|bkcq| `dy jnmyhny|* qnmlcny|*

mha yn|nmylcny|( Id|qdh* Gm||(5 Cnbhjn mha Cnbhjn _~ijb|cny|(

An Pnjjb|* Y( @( #9??<"( \lmjn annjdpgnhq5 Qcndyr mha mppjblmqbdh #9ha

na("( Qcd~|mha Dmf|* Lmjb`dyhbm5 \mkn(

Ncygmh* G(* & Ds`dya* Y( J( #=232"( N``nlq d` |ns ab``nynhln|* lmynny

lcdbln* mha p|rlcdjdkblmj qrpn dh ma~jq jmhk~mkn jnmyhbhk |qymqnkbn|( Qcn

Gdanyh Jmhk~mkn Ed~yhmj* ;<#="* ='=<(

Njjb|* Y( #=23>"( ^hany|qmhabhk |nldha jmhk~mkn ml}~b|bqbdh( Ds`dya5

Ds`dya ^hbny|bqr _yn||(

Njjb|* Y( #=221"( Qcn |q~ar d` |nldha jmhk~mkn ml}~b|bqbdh( Ds`dya5

Ds`dya ^hbny|bqr _yn||(

Njjb|* K(* & \bhljmby* I( #=232"( Jnmyhbhk qd jnmyh Nhkjb|c5 m ld~y|n bh

jnmyhny qymbhbhk( Lmgiybakn5 Lmgiybakn ^hbny|bqr(

@mh* G( R( #9??<"( @yn}~nhlr d` ~|n pnylnbna ~|n`~jhn||* mha mlq~mj

~|n`~jhn|| d` |nldha jmhk~mkn dlmi~jmyr |qymqnkbn|5 M |q~ar d` Cdhk

Fdhk jnmyhny|( Gdanyh Jmhk~mkn Ed~yhmj* 3; #9"* 999'91=(








=9 5 < Gmylc 9?=9



Kdc* L( G( #=223"( Cd{ N\J jnmyhny| {bqc ab``nynhq jb|qnhbhk mibjbqbn| ~|n

ldgpyncnh|bdh |qymqnkbn| mha qmlqbl|( Jmhk~mkn Qnmlcbhk Yn|nmylc* 9#9"*

=91'=1;(

Kynnh* E( G( & Ds`dya* Y( J( #=22>"( M ljd|ny jddf mq jnmyhbhk |qymqnkbn|*J9 pyd`blbnhlr* mha knhany( QN\DJ ]~myqnyjr* 92#9"* 90='92;(

K~* _( R( #9??<"( @bhn iy~|c mha `ynncmha5 Qcn dlmi~jmyr'jnmyhbhk myq d`

q{d |~lln||`~j Lcbhn|n N@J jnmyhny|( QN\DJ ]~myqnyjr* <; #="* ;<'=?1(

K~* _( R( & Edch|dh* Y( F( #=220"( Pdlmi~jmyr jnmyhbhk |qymqnkbn| mha

jmhk~mkn jnmyhbhk d~qldgn|( Jmhk~mkn Jnmyhbhk* 10 #1"* 01<'0;2(

C|bmd* Q'R( & Ds`dya* Y( J( #9??9"( Ldgpmybhk qcndybn| d` jmhk~mkn

jnmyhbhk |qymqnkbn|5 M ldh`bygmqdyr `mlqdy mhmjr|b|( Gdanyh Jmhk~mkn

Ed~yhmj* 30 #<"* <03'<3<(

Cbhfbh* Q( Y( #=223"( M iybn` q~qdybmj dh qcn annjdpgnhq d` gnm|~yn| `dy

~|n bh |~ynr }~n|qbdhhmbyn|( Dykmhbumqbdhmj Yn|nmylc Gnqcda|* =#="*

=?1'=9=(

Gmjn|fn* Y( Q( #=22>"( @d~hamqbdh| `dy kmqcnybhk mha bhqnypynqbhk

incmbdy amqm( _mlb`bl Kydn* L( M5 Iyddf|$Ldjn _~ijb|cbhk Ldgpmhr(








=9 5 < Gmylc 9?=9


Qcn ^|n mha Ymhfbhk d` Ab``nynhq Nhkjb|c Jmhk~mkn Jnmyhbhk \qymqnkbn| irNhkjb|c Gmedy Bymhbmh @ngmjn ^hbpny|bqr Jnpnj Jnmyhny| =0;

Gmyqb+hnu* B( G( _( #=220"( Qcn bgpdyqmhln d` jmhk~mkn jnmyhbhk |qymqnkbn|

bh `dynbkh jmhk~mkn qnmlcbhk( l~manyhd| an `bjdjdkbm bhkjn|m*>#="*=?<'=9?(

Ynqybnna Gmylc 92* 9?=?* `ydg

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fhd{jnakn |d~yln|* mha qcnby ynjmqbdh|cbp {bqc |~lln|| bh J9 jnsblmj

bh`nynhlbhk( QN\DJ ]~myqnyjr* <; #1"* 01>'0;?(

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na("(

Hn{ Rdyf5 GlKym{'Cbjj(

D+Gmjjnr* E( G(* & Lcmgdq* M( ^( #=22?"( Jnmyhbhk |qymqnkbn| bh |nldha

jmhk~mkn ml}~b|bqbdh( Lmgiybakn5 Lmgiybakn ^hbny|bqr _yn||(

Ds`dya* Y( J( #=22?"( Jmhk~mkn Jnmyhbhk \qymqnkbn|5 [cmq Nnyr Qnmlcny

\cd~ja Fhd{( Id|qdh5 Cnbhjn & Cnbhjn(

Ds`dya* Y( J( #=220"( Ngpjdrbhk m }~n|qbdhhmbyn qd m||n|| qcn ~|n d`

jmhk~mkn jnmyhbhk |qymqnkbn|( Mppjbna Jmhk~mkn Jnmyhbhk* ; #=& 9"* 9>'1>(

Ds`dya* Y( J(* & I~yyr'\qdlf* E( #=22>"( M||n||bhk qcn ~|n d` jmhk~mkn

jnmyhbhk |qymqnkbn| {dyja{ban {bqc qcn N\J$N@J ny|bdh d` qcn \qymqnkr

Bhnhqdyr `dy Jmhk~mkn Jnmyhbhk #\BJJ"( \r|qng* 9<#="* ='9<(




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=9 5 < Gmylc 9?=9



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b||~n| d` ldhlnpq mha ljm||b`blmqbdh( Mppjbna Jmhk~mkn Jnmyhbhk* <#=& 9"*

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9<#<"* <>2'<30(

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ynldjjnlqbdh( Bh Y( J( Ds`dya #na("* Jmhk~mkn jnmyhbhk |qymqnkbn| myd~ha

qcn {dyja5 Lyd||'l~jq~ymj pny|pnlqbn| #pp(=2'<1"( Cdhdj~j~* CB5

^hbny|bqr d` Cm{mbb _yn||(

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jmhk~mkn jnmyhbhk |qymqnkbn| ir ~hbny|bqr |q~anhq|( Gdanyh Jmhk~mkn

Ed~yhmj* ;<#<"* 92='<??(

_myf|* \(* & Ymrgdha* _(G( #9??1"( \qymqnkr ~|n ir hdh'hmqbn Nhkjb|c

|pnmfbhk |q~anhq| bh mh GIM pydkymg5 Hdq i~|bhn|| m| ~|~mj( Gdanyh

Jmhk~mkn Ed~yhmj* 33#<"* <;1'<32(

Y~ibh* E( #=2;>"( [cmq qcn –kdda jmhk~mkn jnmyhny|‒ lmh qnmlc ~|( QN\DJ

]~myqnyjr* 2#="* 1='>=(








=9 5 < Gmylc 9?=9



\qnyh* C(C( #=2;>"( [cmq lmh {n jnmyh `ydg qcn kdda jmhk~mkn jnmyhny4

Lmhmabmh Gdanyh Jmhk~mkn Ynbn{( <1*<?1'<=3(

[nhanh* M( #=230"( Cnjpbhk jnmyhny| qcbhf mid~q jnmyhbhk( NJQ Ed~yhmj*

1?#="* <'=9(

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Anpmyqgnhq d` Nhkjb|c Jmhk~mkn Qnmlcbhk

Mimamh Iymhlc* B|jmgbl Muma ^hbny|bqr

Bymh

`munjb;3Ormcdd(ldg




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The Use and Ranking of Different English Language Learning Strategies by English Major Iranian Female University Level Learners