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The urban green structure development with rehabilitation of
the railway rustbelt
HUTTER DÓRALANDSCAPE ARCHITECT, ASSISTANT TEACHER, PHD STUDENT CORVINUS UNIVERSITY OF BUDAPEST
INTRODUCTION…
The major cities and capitals around the globe are competing for such titles as the healthiest, most liveable, ecologic or “green city”.
Unfortunately the urban structure in the historical cities are really over built Therefore extremely hard to develop new transportation sites or green areas.
Nowedays the various rust areas considered very valuable sites !
TERMINOLOGY…
BROWNFIELD SITES*-are derelict or underused (mostly railway and industrial) sites,- might have real or perceived contamination problems
Brownfield area is really mosaical:active industrial areasabandoned industrial and transport areas with closed residence and green sites,and some areas where the rehabilitation is started or completed
* Barta Györgyi. (editor): A budapesti barnaövezet megújulási esélyei. Budapest, MTA, 2004
INTRODUCTION…
BROWNFIELD
RUSTBELT
the really unused and abandonend areas,
large contaminated barricades of the urban structure
industrial railway green surface
CONNECTION…
The brownfield rehabilitation projects always effect (improve)on the open spaces…
…thereforeon the green network also!
But, how can we make MORE green elements with brownfield rehabilitations?
LET’S SEE THE CONNECTION OF THE 2 NETWORKS…
Well-functioning network has 2 types of elements:
O NODES, AREAS
STATIONS, TRANSFER STATIONS
FORESTS, FIELDS,PARKS, GARDENS, SPORT AREAS
__ AXISES, LINEAR SEGMENTS
RAILWAY TRAILS
GREEN CORRIDOR, GREENWAY
LET’S SEE THE CONNECTION OF THE 2 NETWORKS…
Well-functioning network has 2 types of elements:
O NODES, AREAS
STATIONS, TRANSFER STATIONS
FORESTS, FIELDS,PARKS, GARDENS, SPORT AREAS
__ AXESES, LINEAR SEGMENTS
RAILWAY TRAILS
GREEN CORRIDOR, GREENWAY
By transforming a few abandoned RAILWAY elements (making use of their original structural properties) we can fill in the holes of the green system !
RAILWAY RUINS OF BUDAPEST
I analysed the railway system…and I was focusing on those areas that: 1.are underutilised or totally abandoned
2. are not involved in the development of MAV (Hungarian State Railways )
3. can be integrated into the urban structure due to their size or location
4. have great potential in the green area development due to their size or location
BUDAPEST…… I selected more than 20
ISTVÁNTELKI TRANSFER ST.DELTASVIZAFOGÓRÁKOSRENDEZŐ TR. ST.JÓZSEFVÁROS ST.KŐBÁNYA ST.FERENCVÁROSI TR. ST.SOROKSÁR, CSEPELHÁROSTRALIS OF BURMA
PRESENT SOME EXAMPLES OF THE WORLD…
BUDAPEST
BERLIN
PARIS
NEW YORK
… FOR NEW AXESES AND AREAS OF THE GREEN SYSTEM
PRESENT SOME EXAMPLES OF THE WORLD…
AXESES… FOR NEW AXESES AND AREAS OF THE GREEN SYSTEM
PETITE CENTUIRE, PARIS
Paris is famous for its architecture, reforms, urban restructuring … and rail transport:
1852- they opened the 32km long railway ring that connected the most important elements of the railway networkBy 1934 it was unused, abandoned
… and during the past 80 yearsIt was exposed to natural forces…
In the last years came up more ideas of the rehabilitation…
PETITE CENTUIRE – LE SENTIER NATURE , PARIS
One of the most interesting
low-cost ecological rehabilitation
between 2 old station
a 1,5 km long green waywas opened in 2007.
PETITE CENTUIRE – LE SENTIER NATURE , PARIS
It is a simple walkway in a green corridor with mulch path.
The aim of the project is:
protect and to exhibit the spontaneous vegetation ,
and make a new, unique recreational place in the overbuilt city.
PETITE CENTUIRE – LE SENTIER NATURE , PARIS
It is a nature reserve area, and serves as an
educational path,
PETITE CENTUIRE – LE SENTIER NATURE , PARIS
Includes the lot of railway ruins along the way:
Trails,StonewallFenceBroken stone
PROMENAD DE PLANTÉE, PARIS
A more complex urban project
There was a railway trail from the Bastile (city centre) to the Petite Centuire (ring on the periphery)
It has been abandoned since 1969…… In 1993 was opened
the new 4,7 km long promenade,
which is the first greenway on an elevated railroad !
PROMENAD DE PLANTÉE, PARIS
It is converted from railway trail, also the path line is really diverse:
it goes into tunnels, through cuttings and over embankments or viaducts.
PROMENAD DE PLANTÉE, PARIS
Therefore there are a lot of viewpoints to and from the boulevards and squares.
PROMENAD DE PLANTÉE, PARIS
Connects numerous passages, public squares, parks and gardens.
PROMENAD DE PLANTÉE, PARIS
The aim of the project was:
Make social, economic and aesthetic improvement in the low-prestige district through open space and green areas development.
It was successful!
HIGH LINE, NEW YORK
The elevated railroad was builtin 1930, and closed in 1980.
A community-based non-profit group was formed in 1999 to create an elevated public green area.
Friends of the High Line, the design team and politician were working together,
The first section of the park was opened in 2009...
HIGH LINE, NEW YORK
Before building it,they made a serious marketing strategy, spectacular press and design documentations.
By today there are a lot of books, articles, souvenirs
It is one of the most famous brownfiled rehabilitation in the world!
HIGH LINE, NEW YORK
The line is runs 30 feet (9 meter) above the streets
There are many stairs and elevators to connect the path and the street level.
They built a really unique and modern open space network with viewpoint, public terraces, green elements…
HIGH LINE, NEW YORK
They mostly protected the spontaneous vegetation,
but they also rose up the biological vegetation index with more
extensive and intensive green surfaces.
PRESENT SOME EXAMPLES OF THE WORLD…
AREAS… FOR NEW AXESES AND AREAS OF THE GREEN SYSTEM
GLEISDREIECK, BERLIN
That was a transit station
which was adandoned after the II. World War.
GLEISDREIECK, BERLIN
The spontaneous vegetation spread out …with more species than in the Tiergarten.
A new public park was opened on 17 acres in 2011 ,
the other 9 acres in last year
GLEISDREIECK, BERLIN
The huge park is in the city centre, it has good access (to bicycle line, 3 metro stations and an S-bahn station.)
Very popular recreation area with multiple functions:Playground, sport fields, cross and extreme field, running path, tribune, retreat places, community gardens
GLEISDREIECK, BERLIN
Every different functional areas have unique types of vegetation.
Forest with bushes,Parkland,Huge lawn,Gravel with trees
GLEISDREIECK, BERLIN
It has very luminous, tidy and elegant design style.
There are lot of
concrete,gravel,ironwood
SÜDGELANDE, BERLIN
That is a rehabilitation of a transit station also,
But it is a natur park!
SÜDGELANDE, BERLIN
This area is not in the centre,
it was an external transfer station.
SÜDGELANDE, BERLIN
The aim of the project was similar to the path of Paris:
protect and exhibit the spontaneous vegetation,
But it is not only a greenway, There is a large area with a lot of railway ruins in the forest…
SÜDGELANDE, BERLIN
It opens up a long path which was built in the forest, and runs over the ground
We can observe the vegetation in the original condition.
Parc Chemin du L’Ile, Nanterre (Paris)
This site is located in a degraded brownfield, surrounded
a highway interchange, a train line, the Seine River, Industrial and new business and residential areas
Parc Chemin du L’Ile, Nanterre (Paris)
the Park (2006) is a part of the big rehabilitation intervention on the urban spaces linking of the La Defense district (of Paris)
Parc Chemin du L’Ile, Nanterre (Paris)
At the entrance of the park,
a sequence of ponds pump the water of the Seine then filter and store it,
On the 14,5 acres the park has many scenic places to seat, relax and enjoy the surrounding landscape…
Back to the BUDAPEST…Some potential areas that have similar characteristics with the previously introduced international examples !ISTVÁNTELKI TRANSFER ST.DELTASVIZAFOGÓRÁKOSRENDEZŐ TR. ST.JÓZSEFVÁROS ST.KŐBÁNYA ST.FERENCVÁROSI TR. ST.SOROKSÁR, CSEPELHÁROSTRALIS OF BURMA
LINEAR ELEMENTS
HÁROS,BURMA, VIZA
ABANDONED RAILWAY TRAILS
GREEN CORRIDOR, GREENWAYPROMENADE
VIZA, BURMA, HÁROS
PETITE CENTUIRE – SENTIER NATURE
HIGH LINE
PROMENADE DE PLANTÉE
VIZA, BURMA, HÁROS
PETITE CENTUIRE – SENTIER NATURE
HIGH LINE
PROMENADE DE PLANTÉE
AREAS
ISTVÁNTELKI TR. ST.RÁKOSRENDEZŐKŐBÁNYA ALSÓ ST. JÓZSEFVÁROS ST.FERENCVÁROSI TR. ST.
ABANDONED RAILWAY STATIONS TRANSFER STATIONS
PARKS, SPORT FIELDSURBAN FORESTSINSTITUTIONS WITH GREEN AREAS
ISTVÁNTELKI FŐMŰHELY,RÁKOSRENDEZŐ,JÓZSEFVÁROS,KŐBÁNYA ALSÓ,FERENCVÁROSI RENDEZŐ
GLEISDREIECK
SÜDGELANDE
PARC DE BERCY
AREAS…
… OF DELTAS
Huge green areas surrounded railway trails…
PARKS, SPORT FIELDS, URBAN FORESTS
DELTAS
PARC CHEMIN DU L’ILE
RESULT…
With some green oriental developments on the railway ruins
helping the urban green structure development…
RESULT…
Transforming the rust areas could result in numerous
new axises with GREEN CORRIDORS,GREEN WAYS
And really important
GREEN AREAS
in the nodes.
RESULT…
Transforming the rust areas could result in numerous
new axises with GREEN CORRIDORS,GREEN WAYS
And really important
GREEN AREAS
in the nodes.
WITH long term planning we could create such a radial and ring like green structure.
