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THE UNIVERSITY OF JORDANTHE UNIVERSITY OF JORDANTHE UNIVERSITY OF JORDAN
The
The Unive
rsity Unive
rsity of Jord
anof J
ordan
Faculty of E
ngineering &
Faculty of E
ngineering &
Technology
Technology
Chemical E
ngineering D
epartm
ent
Chemical E
ngineering D
epartm
ent
Chemical E
ngineering Principle
sChemical E
ngineering Principle
s((0905211
0905211))
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
THE UNIVERSITY OF JORDANTHE UNIVERSITY OF JORDANTHE UNIVERSITY OF JORDAN
111
Dr.
Dr.--I
ngIng. Z
ayed Al
. Zaye
d Al--H
amam
reHam
amre
Single
Phase
Syste
ms
Single
Phase
Syste
ms
Conte
ntConte
ntüüIntrod
uctionIntrod
uction
üüSolid
and liquid
densitie
sSolid
and liquid
densitie
s
üüIdeal gas
Ideal gas
ooIdeal gas e
quation of stateIdeal gas e
quation of state
ooIdeal gas m
ixture
sIdeal gas m
ixture
s
üüReal (N
onReal (N
on--ideal) gase
sideal) gase
s
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
222
ooCritical te
mperature
and pre
ssureCritical te
mperature
and pre
ssure
ooVirial e
quations of state
Virial e
quations of state
ooCubic E
quations of stateCubic E
quations of state
üücom
pressib
ility factor equation of state
compre
ssibility factor e
quation of state
oocom
pressib
ility factor tables and
charts
compre
ssibility factor tab
les and
charts
ooThe law
of correspond
ing states
The law
of correspond
ing states
Introd
uctionIntrod
uction
ØØT
he fo
llow
ing m
eth
ods c
an b
e u
sed to
dete
rmin
e a
physic
al
The fo
llow
ing m
eth
ods c
an b
e u
sed to
dete
rmin
e a
physic
al
pro
perty
of a
pro
cess m
ate
rial:
pro
perty
of a
pro
cess m
ate
rial:
i.i.Look It U
pLook It U
poo
Pe
rry's
Ch
em
ica
l En
gin
ee
rs' H
an
db
oo
k, n
th E
ditio
n, R
. H.
Pe
rry's
Ch
em
ica
l En
gin
ee
rs' H
an
db
oo
k, n
th E
ditio
n, R
. H.
Pe
rry a
nd
D. W
. Gre
en
, P
erry
an
d D
. W. G
ree
n, E
ds.M
cG
raw
Ed
s.M
cG
raw
--Hill, N
ew
Yo
rk,
Hill, N
ew
Yo
rk, 1
99
71
99
7..
ooC
RC
Ha
nd
bo
ok o
f Ch
em
istry
an
d P
hysic
s,
CR
C H
an
db
oo
k o
f Ch
em
istry
an
d P
hysic
s, 7
97
9th
Ed
ition
, D.
th E
ditio
n, D
. L
ide
Lid
e, E
d., C
he
mic
al R
ub
be
r Co
mp
an
y, Bo
ca
Ra
ton
, FL
, , E
d., C
he
mic
al R
ub
be
r Co
mp
an
y, Bo
ca
Ra
ton
, FL
, 1
99
81
99
8
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
333
ii.ii.E
stim
ate
ItE
stim
ate
It
ooIn
terp
ola
tion o
r extra
pola
tion
Inte
rpola
tion o
r extra
pola
tion
ooU
sin
g C
orre
latio
ns, a
vaila
ble
in
Usin
g C
orre
latio
ns, a
vaila
ble
in
Bru
ce
E. P
olin
g, J
oh
n M
. B
ruce
E. P
olin
g, J
oh
n M
. Pra
usn
itzP
rau
sn
itz, J
oh
n P
. O’C
on
ne
ll, Th
e
, Jo
hn
P. O
’Co
nn
ell, T
he
P
rop
ertie
s o
f Ga
se
s a
nd
Liq
uid
s,
Pro
pe
rties o
f Ga
se
s a
nd
Liq
uid
s, 55
ththE
ditio
n, M
cG
raw
Ed
ition
, McG
raw
--Hill,
Hill,
Ne
w Y
ork
, N
ew
Yo
rk, 2
00
42
00
4
ii.ii.M
easure
ItM
easure
It
üüSolid
and liquid
densitie
sSolid
and liquid
densitie
s
ØØS
olid
and liq
uid
densitie
s a
re in
dependent o
f tem
pera
ture
.S
olid
and liq
uid
densitie
s a
re in
dependent o
f tem
pera
ture
.
ØØC
hanges in
pre
ssure
do n
ot c
ause s
ignific
ant c
hanges in
C
hanges in
pre
ssure
do n
ot c
ause s
ignific
ant c
hanges in
densitie
s (in
com
pre
ssib
le)
densitie
s (in
com
pre
ssib
le)
Perry
's C
hem
ical E
ngin
eers
' Handbook
Perry
's C
hem
ical E
ngin
eers
' Handbook
The P
ropertie
s o
f Gases a
nd L
iquid
sT
he P
ropertie
s o
f Gases a
nd L
iquid
s
To e
stim
ate
the d
ensity
if a m
ixtu
re,
To e
stim
ate
the d
ensity
if a m
ixtu
re,
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
444
To e
stim
ate
the d
ensity
if a m
ixtu
re,
To e
stim
ate
the d
ensity
if a m
ixtu
re,
i.i.A
ssum
e v
olu
me
Assum
e v
olu
me a
dditiv
ityadditiv
ity
ii.ii.A
ssum
ing a
vera
ge th
e p
ure
Assum
ing a
vera
ge th
e p
ure
--com
ponent d
ensitie
scom
ponent d
ensitie
s
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
555
Experim
enta
l and e
stim
ate
d m
ixtu
re d
ensitie
s. E
xperim
enta
l valu
es fro
m
Perry
's C
hem
ical E
ngin
eers
' Handbook, p
. 2-1
07 fo
r sulfu
ric a
cid
-wate
r and p
.
2-1
11 fo
r meth
anol-w
ate
r, both
at 2
0°C
.
De
term
ine
the
de
nsity
in g
/cm
De
term
ine
the
de
nsity
in g
/cm
33o
f a
of a
50
5
0 w
t% a
qu
eo
us s
olu
tion
of H
wt%
aq
ue
ou
s s
olu
tion
of H
22 SO
SO
4
4 a
t a
t 2
02
0°°C
, bo
th b
y (
C, b
oth
by (11
) loo
kin
g u
p a
tab
ula
ted
va
lue
an
d (
) loo
kin
g u
p a
tab
ula
ted
va
lue
an
d (22
) assu
min
g v
olu
me
) a
ssu
min
g v
olu
me
ad
ditiv
itya
dd
itivity
of th
e s
olu
tion
co
mp
on
en
tso
f the
so
lutio
n c
om
po
ne
nts
Exam
pleExam
ple
1.
1.
Pe
rry's
Ch
em
ica
l En
gin
ee
rs' H
an
db
oo
k p
p.
Pe
rry's
Ch
em
ica
l En
gin
ee
rs' H
an
db
oo
k p
p. 22
--10
7
10
7 a
nd
a
nd
22--1
08
10
8
2.
2.
Estim
ate
It. E
stim
ate
It.
Th
e p
ure
Th
e p
ure
--co
mp
on
en
t de
nsitie
s a
reco
mp
on
en
t de
nsitie
s a
re
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
666
The Ideal G
as Equation of S
tateThe Ideal G
as Equation of S
tate
Th
e id
ea
l ga
s e
qu
atio
n o
f sta
te (re
latio
n b
etw
ee
n
Th
e id
ea
l ga
s e
qu
atio
n o
f sta
te (re
latio
n b
etw
ee
n s
tate
va
riab
les
sta
te v
aria
ble
s) c
an
) c
an
b
e d
eriv
ed
from
the
kin
etic
the
ory
of g
ase
s b
y a
ssu
min
g th
at
be
de
rive
d fro
m th
e k
ine
tic th
eo
ry o
f ga
se
s b
y a
ssu
min
g th
at
i.i.G
as m
ole
cu
les h
ave
a n
eg
ligib
le v
olu
me
, G
as m
ole
cu
les h
ave
a n
eg
ligib
le v
olu
me
,
ii.ii.E
xe
rt no
forc
es o
n o
ne
an
oth
er, a
nd
E
xe
rt no
forc
es o
n o
ne
an
oth
er, a
nd
iii.iii.
Co
llide
ela
stic
ally
with
the
wa
lls o
f the
ir co
nta
ine
rC
ollid
e e
lastic
ally
with
the
wa
lls o
f the
ir co
nta
ine
r
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
777
ØØT
he
eq
ua
tion
va
lid a
t hig
h te
mp
era
ture
s a
nd
low
pre
ssu
res.
Th
e e
qu
atio
n v
alid
at h
igh
tem
pe
ratu
res a
nd
low
pre
ssu
res.
ØØT
he g
as c
onsta
nt
The g
as c
onsta
nt
ØØR
ela
tive e
rror
Rela
tive e
rror
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
888
: the id
eal s
pecific
mola
r volu
me
: the id
eal s
pecific
mola
r volu
me
On
e h
un
dre
d g
ram
s o
f nitro
ge
n is
sto
red
in a
co
nta
ine
r at
On
e h
un
dre
d g
ram
s o
f nitro
ge
n is
sto
red
in a
co
nta
ine
r at 2
32
3°°C
an
d
C a
nd
33..0
0
00
psig
.p
sig
.
Exam
pleExam
ple
1.
1.
Assu
min
g id
ea
l ga
s b
eh
avio
r, ca
lcu
late
the
co
nta
ine
r vo
lum
e in
liters
.A
ssu
min
g id
ea
l ga
s b
eh
avio
r, ca
lcu
late
the
co
nta
ine
r vo
lum
e in
liters
.
2.
2.
Ve
rify th
at th
e id
ea
l ga
s e
qu
atio
n o
f sta
te is
a g
oo
d a
pp
roxim
atio
n fo
r V
erify
tha
t the
ide
al g
as e
qu
atio
n o
f sta
te is
a g
oo
d a
pp
roxim
atio
n fo
r th
e g
ive
n c
on
ditio
ns
the
giv
en
co
nd
ition
s
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
999
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
101010
Density of id
eal gas
Density of id
eal gas
Wh
ere
Wh
ere
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
111111
Fo
r ide
al g
as m
ixtu
reF
or id
ea
l ga
s m
ixtu
re
Wh
ere
Wh
ere
Stand
ard Temperature
and Pre
ssureStand
ard Temperature
and Pre
ssure
ØF
or a
n id
ea
l ga
s a
t an
y P
an
d T
ØA
t sp
ecifie
d re
fere
nce
tem
pe
ratu
re T
sa
nd
pre
ssu
re P
s(re
ferre
d to
as
sta
nd
ard
tem
pe
ratu
re a
nd
pre
ssu
re, o
r ST
P)
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
121212
Kn
ow
n v
alu
es
ØD
ete
rmin
e V
for a
giv
en
va
lue
of n
or v
ice
ve
rsa
with
ou
t the
ne
ed
for
ne
ed
a v
alu
e fo
r R.
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
131313
ØØSS
tan
da
rd CC
ub
ic MM
ete
rs (o
r SC
MS
CM
) is o
ften
use
d to
de
no
te m
3(ST
P).
ØØSS
tan
da
rd CC
ub
ic FF
ee
t (or S
CF
SC
F) d
en
ote
s ft 3(S
TP
).
ØA
vo
lum
etric
flow
rate
of 1
8.2
SC
MH
mea
ns 1
8.2
m3/h
at 0
°Ca
nd
1
atm
.
Bu
tan
e (C
4 H10
) at 3
60
°C a
nd
3.0
atm
abso
lute
flow
s in
to a
rea
cto
r at a
rate
of 1
10
0 k
g/h
. Ca
lcu
late
the
vo
lum
etric
flow
rate
of th
is s
trea
m
usin
g c
on
ve
rsio
n fro
m s
tan
da
rd c
on
ditio
ns.
Exam
pleExam
ple
Th
e m
ola
r flow
rate
:
Th
e a
bso
lute
tem
pe
ratu
re a
nd
pre
ssu
re
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
141414
Th
e a
bso
lute
tem
pe
ratu
re a
nd
pre
ssu
re
Qu
iz:
Re
-pe
rform
the
ca
lcu
latio
n u
sin
g R
va
lue
Exam
pleExam
ple
Te
n c
ub
ic fe
et o
f air a
t 70
°F a
nd
1.0
0 a
tmis
he
ate
d to
61
0°F
an
d
co
mp
resse
d to
2.5
0 a
tm. W
ha
t vo
lum
e d
oe
s th
e g
as o
ccu
py in
its fin
al
sta
te?Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
151515
Th
e flo
w ra
te o
f a m
eth
an
e s
tream
at 2
85
°F a
nd
1.3
0 a
tmis
me
asure
d
with
an
orific
e m
ete
r. Th
e c
alib
ratio
n c
ha
rt for th
e m
ete
r ind
ica
tes th
at
the
flow
rate
is 3
.95
X1
05
SC
FH
. Ca
lcu
late
the
mo
lar flo
w ra
te a
nd
the
tru
e v
olu
me
tric flo
w ra
te o
f the
stre
am
.
Exam
pleExam
ple
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
161616
To
ca
lcu
late
the
true
vo
lum
etric
flow
rate
of th
e m
eth
an
e
Th
e a
ctu
al c
on
ditio
ns
Th
e s
tan
da
rd c
on
ditio
ns
A c
ylin
de
r co
nta
ins 1
.0 ft 3
of o
xyg
en
at 7
0 F
an
d 2
00
psig
. Wh
at w
ill be
th
e v
olu
me
of th
is g
as in
a b
allo
on
at 9
0 F
an
d 4
.0 in
H2 O
ab
ove
a
tmo
sp
he
ric?
Th
e b
aro
me
ter re
ad
s 2
9.9
2 in
Hg
Exam
pleExam
ple
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
171717
Sin
ce
no
ga
s is
ad
de
d o
r rem
ove
d, th
e n
um
be
r of m
ole
s is
co
nsta
nt
Pu
tting
the
pre
ssu
res in
to c
on
sis
ten
t un
its
Th
e a
bso
lute
tem
pe
ratu
res a
re:
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
181818
Ideal G
as Mixture
sIdeal G
as Mixture
s
ØA
mix
ture
of id
ea
l ga
se
s is
itse
lf an
ide
al g
as,
ØS
up
po
se
yo
u h
ave
a m
ixtu
re o
f ga
se
s, e
ach
is id
ea
l, i.e. th
e m
ixtu
re
is id
ea
l ga
s m
ixtu
re, th
en
ØF
or s
pe
cie
s A
, B a
nd
C in
the
mix
ture
,
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
191919
sin
ce
ea
ch
co
mp
on
en
t ire
pre
se
nt a
n id
ea
l ga
s
ØF
or A
, B a
nd
C id
ea
l ga
s m
ixtu
re,
Sim
ilar th
ing
ca
n b
e d
on
e u
sin
g p
ure
co
mp
on
en
t vo
lum
e
Pi : th
e p
ressu
re th
at w
ou
ld b
e e
xe
rted
by n
i mo
les o
f A a
lon
e in
the
sa
me
tota
l vo
lum
e V
at th
e s
am
e te
mp
era
ture
T.
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
202020
vA : th
e v
olu
me
tha
t wo
uld
be
occu
pie
d b
y n
i mo
les o
f A a
lon
e a
t the
to
tal p
ressu
reP
an
d te
mp
era
ture
T o
f the
mix
ture
.
ØF
or A
, B a
nd
C id
ea
l ga
s m
ixtu
re,
Liq
uid
ace
ton
e (C
3 H6 O
) is fe
d a
t a ra
te o
f 40
0 L
/min
into
a h
ea
ted
ch
am
be
r, wh
ere
it eva
po
rate
s in
to a
nitro
ge
n s
trea
m. T
he
ga
s le
avin
g
the
he
ate
r is d
ilute
d b
y a
no
the
r nitro
ge
n s
trea
m flo
win
g a
t a m
ea
su
red
ra
te o
f 41
9 m
3(ST
P)/m
in. T
he
co
mb
ine
d g
ase
s a
re th
en
co
mp
resse
d to
a
tota
l pre
ssure
P =
6.3
atm
gau
ge
at a
tem
pe
ratu
re o
f 325
°C. T
he
Exam
pleExam
ple
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
212121
pa
rtial p
ressu
re o
f ace
ton
e in
this
stre
am
is P
a=
50
1 m
m H
g.
Atm
osp
he
ric p
ressu
re is
76
3 m
m H
g.
a)
Wh
at is
the
mo
lar c
om
po
sitio
n o
f the
stre
am
lea
vin
g th
e
co
mp
resso
r?b
)W
ha
t is th
e v
olu
me
tric flo
w ra
te o
f the
nitro
ge
n e
nte
ring
the
e
va
pora
tor if th
e te
mp
era
ture
an
d p
ressure
of th
is s
trea
m a
re 2
7°C
an
d 4
75
mm
Hg
ga
ug
e???
Th
e M
ola
r Flo
w R
ate
of A
ce
ton
e
Th
e d
en
sity
of A
ce
ton
e
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
222222
Fro
m T
ab
le B
.1 in
Ap
pe
nd
ix B
, the
de
nsity
of liq
uid
ace
ton
e is
0.7
91
g
/cm
3
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
232323
Ove
rall M
ole
Ba
lan
ce
on
Ace
ton
e
Ove
rall M
ole
Ba
lan
ce
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
242424
Real (N
onReal (N
on--ideal) gase
sideal) gase
s
ØØIn
the
ide
al g
as e
qu
atio
n o
f sta
te, th
e c
alc
ula
tion
is in
de
pe
nd
en
t of
In th
e id
ea
l ga
s e
qu
atio
n o
f sta
te, th
e c
alc
ula
tion
is in
de
pe
nd
en
t of
the
sp
ecie
s o
f the
ga
s a
nd
is th
e s
am
e fo
r sin
gle
sp
ecie
s a
nd
th
e s
pe
cie
s o
f the
ga
s a
nd
is th
e s
am
e fo
r sin
gle
sp
ecie
s a
nd
m
ixtu
res
mix
ture
s
ØØA
t low
tem
pe
ratu
res a
nd
hig
h p
ressu
res, th
e id
ea
l ga
s e
qu
atio
n
At lo
w te
mp
era
ture
s a
nd
hig
h p
ressu
res, th
e id
ea
l ga
s e
qu
atio
n
ce
ase
s to
ap
ply.
ce
ase
s to
ap
ply.
ØØR
ea
l ga
se
s d
o n
ot o
be
y id
ea
l ga
s b
eh
avio
r du
e to
inte
rmo
lecu
lar
Re
al g
ase
s d
o n
ot o
be
y id
ea
l ga
s b
eh
avio
r du
e to
inte
rmo
lecu
lar
inte
ractio
n a
nd
ide
al g
as E
OS
do
es n
ot h
old
true
.in
tera
ctio
n a
nd
ide
al g
as E
OS
do
es n
ot h
old
true
.
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
252525
inte
ractio
n a
nd
ide
al g
as E
OS
do
es n
ot h
old
true
.in
tera
ctio
n a
nd
ide
al g
as E
OS
do
es n
ot h
old
true
.
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
262626
De
via
tion
of re
al g
ase
s fro
m th
e id
ea
l ga
s la
w a
t hig
h p
ressu
res.
De
via
tion
of re
al g
ase
s fro
m th
e id
ea
l ga
s la
w a
t hig
h p
ressu
res.
ØØR
ea
l ga
se
s re
qu
ire m
ore
co
mp
lex e
qu
atio
ns o
f sta
te th
an
do
ide
al
Re
al g
ase
s re
qu
ire m
ore
co
mp
lex e
qu
atio
ns o
f sta
te th
an
do
ide
al
ga
se
s:
ga
se
s:
ooV
irial E
qu
atio
ns o
f Sta
te
Viria
l Eq
ua
tion
s o
f Sta
te
ooC
ub
ic E
qu
atio
ns o
f Sta
te
Cu
bic
Eq
ua
tion
s o
f Sta
te
ooC
om
pre
ssib
ility F
acto
r Eq
ua
tion
C
om
pre
ssib
ility F
acto
r Eq
ua
tion
Critical T
emperature
and Pre
ssureCritical T
emperature
and Pre
ssure
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
272727
Critical T
emperature
and Pre
ssureCritical T
emperature
and Pre
ssure
ØØT
he
critic
al te
mp
era
ture
of a
sp
ecie
s (
Th
e c
ritica
l tem
pe
ratu
re o
f a s
pe
cie
s (TT
cc ) is th
e h
igh
est
) is th
e h
igh
est
tem
pe
ratu
re a
t wh
ich
the
sp
ecie
s c
an
co
exis
t in tw
o p
ha
se
s (liq
uid
te
mp
era
ture
at w
hic
h th
e s
pe
cie
s c
an
co
exis
t in tw
o p
ha
se
s (liq
uid
a
nd
va
po
r), a
nd
va
po
r),
ØØT
he
critic
al p
ressu
reT
he
critic
al p
ressu
re( ( PP
cc ))is
the
co
rresp
on
din
g p
ressu
re a
t Tis
the
co
rresp
on
din
g p
ressu
re a
t TCC
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
282828
ØØA
su
bsta
nce
at
A s
ub
sta
nce
at TT
cca
nd
Pa
nd
Pcc
is s
aid
to b
e a
t its c
ritica
l sta
teis
sa
id to
be
at its
critic
al s
tate
ØØA
su
bsta
nce
at T
>
A s
ub
sta
nce
at T
> TT
cca
nd
P >
Pa
nd
P >
Pcc
is s
aid
to b
e a
t its s
up
erc
ritica
l fluid
is s
aid
to b
e a
t its s
up
erc
ritica
l fluid
ØØA
va
po
r is a
ga
se
ou
s s
pe
cie
s b
elo
w its
critic
al te
mp
era
ture
, an
d
A v
ap
or is
a g
ase
ou
s s
pe
cie
s b
elo
w its
critic
al te
mp
era
ture
, an
d
ØØA
ga
s is
a s
pe
cie
s a
bo
ve
its c
ritica
l tem
pe
ratu
reA
ga
s is
a s
pe
cie
s a
bo
ve
its c
ritica
l tem
pe
ratu
re
A v
ap
or c
an
be
co
nd
en
se
d b
y c
om
pre
ssin
g it is
oth
erm
ally, o
r by
A v
ap
or c
an
be
co
nd
en
se
d b
y c
om
pre
ssin
g it is
oth
erm
ally, o
r by
red
ucin
g th
e te
mp
era
ture
at c
on
sta
nt p
ressu
re (c
oo
ling
)re
du
cin
g th
e te
mp
era
ture
at c
on
sta
nt p
ressu
re (c
oo
ling
)
A g
as c
an
be
ma
de
de
nse
r an
d d
en
se
r by c
om
pre
ssin
g it is
oth
erm
ally
A
ga
s c
an
be
ma
de
de
nse
r an
d d
en
se
r by c
om
pre
ssin
g it is
oth
erm
ally
BU
TB
UT
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
292929
A g
as c
an
be
ma
de
de
nse
r an
d d
en
se
r by c
om
pre
ssin
g it is
oth
erm
ally
A
ga
s c
an
be
ma
de
de
nse
r an
d d
en
se
r by c
om
pre
ssin
g it is
oth
erm
ally
w
itho
ut tw
o p
ha
se
form
atio
n.
with
ou
t two
ph
ase
form
atio
n.
A g
as c
an
be
co
nd
en
se
d o
nly
by re
du
cin
g th
e te
mp
era
ture
an
d
A g
as c
an
be
co
nd
en
se
d o
nly
by re
du
cin
g th
e te
mp
era
ture
an
d
incre
asin
g th
e p
ressu
rein
cre
asin
g th
e p
ressu
re
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
303030
Tem
pera
ture
Tem
pera
ture
Tem
pera
ture---p
ressure d
iagram (p
hase d
iagram) o
f CO
pressu
re diagram (p
hase d
iagram) o
f CO
pressu
re diagram (p
hase d
iagram) o
f CO
222
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
313131
PPP---T diagram (p
hase d
iagram) fo
r Water
T diagram (p
hase d
iagram) fo
r Water
T diagram (p
hase d
iagram) fo
r Water
Virial E
quations of State
Virial E
quations of State
wh
ere
B, C
, an
d D
are
fun
ctio
ns o
f tem
pe
ratu
re a
nd
are
kn
ow
n a
s th
e
wh
ere
B, C
, an
d D
are
fun
ctio
ns o
f tem
pe
ratu
re a
nd
are
kn
ow
n a
s th
e
se
co
nd
, third
, an
d fo
urth
se
co
nd
, third
, an
d fo
urth
viria
lviria
lco
effic
ien
ts, re
sp
ectiv
ely.
co
effic
ien
ts, re
sp
ectiv
ely.
in th
e g
as re
gio
n (s
ing
le p
ha
se
syste
m)
in th
e g
as re
gio
n (s
ing
le p
ha
se
syste
m)
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
323232
ØØS
ince
the
ore
tica
l an
d e
xp
erim
en
tal d
ata
is n
ot re
ad
ily a
va
ilab
le fo
r S
ince
the
ore
tica
l an
d e
xp
erim
en
tal d
ata
is n
ot re
ad
ily a
va
ilab
le fo
r vira
l co
effic
ien
ts h
igh
er th
an
the
se
co
nd
on
e, th
e e
qu
atio
n is
ofte
n
vira
l co
effic
ien
ts h
igh
er th
an
the
se
co
nd
on
e, th
e e
qu
atio
n is
ofte
n
use
d in
trun
ca
ted
form
.u
se
d in
trun
ca
ted
form
.
An
dA
nd
Wh
ere
Wh
ere
(Th
e re
du
ce
d te
mp
era
ture
)(T
he
red
uce
d te
mp
era
ture
)
ωω: :
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
333333
ωω: : is
is
Pitz
er
Pitz
er
ace
ntric
ace
ntric
facto
r, a
facto
r, a
pa
ram
ete
r tha
t refle
cts
the
p
ara
me
ter th
at re
flects
the
g
eo
me
try a
nd
po
larity
of a
g
eo
me
try a
nd
po
larity
of a
m
ole
cu
lem
ole
cu
le
Tw
o g
ram
Tw
o g
ram
--mole
s o
f nitro
gen
is p
lace
d in
a th
ree
mole
s o
f nitro
gen
is p
lace
d in
a th
ree--lite
r tan
k a
t lite
r tan
k a
t --150
150
..88°°C
. C
.
Estim
ate
the
tan
k p
ressu
re u
sin
g th
e id
ea
l ga
s e
qu
atio
n o
f sta
te a
nd
E
stim
ate
the
tan
k p
ressu
re u
sin
g th
e id
ea
l ga
s e
qu
atio
n o
f sta
te a
nd
th
en
usin
g th
e
the
n u
sin
g th
e v
irial
viria
le
qu
atio
n o
f sta
te tru
nca
ted
afte
r the
se
co
nd
term
. e
qu
atio
n o
f sta
te tru
nca
ted
afte
r the
se
co
nd
term
. Ta
kin
g th
e s
eco
nd
estim
ate
to b
e c
orre
ct, c
alc
ula
te th
e p
erc
en
tag
e
Ta
kin
g th
e s
eco
nd
estim
ate
to b
e c
orre
ct, c
alc
ula
te th
e p
erc
en
tag
e
erro
r tha
t resu
lts fro
m th
e u
se
of th
e id
ea
l ga
s e
qu
atio
n a
t the
syste
m
erro
r tha
t resu
lts fro
m th
e u
se
of th
e id
ea
l ga
s e
qu
atio
n a
t the
syste
m
co
nd
ition
s.
co
nd
ition
s.
Exam
pleExam
ple
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
343434
Usin
g th
e id
ea
l ga
s e
qu
atio
n o
f sta
teU
sin
g th
e id
ea
l ga
s e
qu
atio
n o
f sta
te
Usin
g th
e
Usin
g th
e v
irial
viria
le
qu
atio
n e
qu
atio
n o
f sta
tee
qu
atio
n e
qu
atio
n o
f sta
te
Th
e c
ritica
l pro
pe
rties
Th
e c
ritica
l pro
pe
rties
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
353535
% e
rror in
the
pre
ssu
re%
erro
r in th
e p
ressu
re
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
363636
Cubic E
quations of State
Cubic E
quations of State
ØØV
irial e
qu
atio
ns c
an
no
t rep
rese
nt th
erm
od
yn
am
ic s
yste
ms w
he
re
Viria
l eq
ua
tion
s c
an
no
t rep
rese
nt th
erm
od
yn
am
ic s
yste
ms w
he
re
bo
th liq
uid
an
d v
ap
or a
re p
rese
nt.
bo
th liq
uid
an
d v
ap
or a
re p
rese
nt.
ØØA
"cu
bic
" A
"cu
bic
" Eo
SE
oS
is n
ee
d to
do
this
is n
ee
d to
do
this
ØØC
ub
ic E
qu
atio
ns o
f Sta
te
Cu
bic
Eq
ua
tion
s o
f Sta
te a
re P
VT
rela
tion
sh
ips w
he
n e
xp
an
de
d,
are
PV
T re
latio
nsh
ips w
he
n e
xp
an
de
d,
resu
lts in
third
resu
lts in
third
--ord
er e
qu
atio
ns fo
r the
sp
ecific
vo
lum
eo
rde
r eq
ua
tion
s fo
r the
sp
ecific
vo
lum
e
Va
n
Va
n d
er
de
rW
aa
ls e
qu
atio
n o
f sta
te:
Wa
als
eq
ua
tion
of s
tate
:
Wh
ere
Wh
ere
Or
Or
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
373737
So
ave
So
ave
--Re
dlic
hR
ed
lich
--Kw
on
gK
wo
ng
(SR
K) e
qu
atio
n:
(SR
K) e
qu
atio
n:
Wh
ere
Wh
ere
the
b te
rm is
a v
olu
me
co
rrectio
n, w
hile
the
a is
a m
ole
cu
lar in
tera
ctio
n
the
b te
rm is
a v
olu
me
co
rrectio
n, w
hile
the
a is
a m
ole
cu
lar in
tera
ctio
n
pa
ram
ete
r.p
ara
me
ter.
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
383838
ωω: : is
is
Pitz
er
Pitz
er
ace
ntric
ace
ntric
facto
r, a p
ara
me
ter th
at re
flects
the
ge
om
etry
an
d
facto
r, a p
ara
me
ter th
at re
flects
the
ge
om
etry
an
d
po
larity
of a
mo
lecu
lep
ola
rity o
f a m
ole
cu
le
ØØS
olv
ing
the
cu
bic
eq
ua
tion
typ
ica
lly re
qu
ires a
n ite
rativ
e ("tria
lS
olv
ing
the
cu
bic
eq
ua
tion
typ
ica
lly re
qu
ires a
n ite
rativ
e ("tria
l--an
da
nd
--e
rror") s
olu
tion
.e
rror") s
olu
tion
.
Co
nsta
nts
for th
e V
an
C
on
sta
nts
for th
e V
an
de
rd
er
Wa
als
an
d
Wa
als
an
d R
ed
lich
Re
dlic
h--K
wo
ng
Kw
on
g'E
qu
atio
ns
'Eq
ua
tion
s
Ca
lcu
late
d F
rom
the
Lis
ted
Va
lue
s o
f the
Critic
al C
on
sta
nts
Ca
lcu
late
d F
rom
the
Lis
ted
Va
lue
s o
f the
Critic
al C
on
sta
nts
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
393939
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
404040
A g
as c
ylin
de
r with
a v
olu
me
of
A g
as c
ylin
de
r with
a v
olu
me
of 22
..50
5
0 m
co
nta
ins
m c
on
tain
s 11
..00
0
0 k
mo
lkm
olo
f ca
rbo
n
of c
arb
on
d
ioxid
e a
t T =
d
ioxid
e a
t T =
30
0
30
0 K
. Use
the
SR
K e
qu
atio
n o
f sta
te to
estim
ate
the
K
. Use
the
SR
K e
qu
atio
n o
f sta
te to
estim
ate
the
g
as p
ressu
re in
atm
.g
as p
ressu
re in
atm
.
Exam
pleExam
ple
Th
e s
pe
cific
mo
lar v
olu
me
Th
e s
pe
cific
mo
lar v
olu
me
Th
e c
ritica
l pro
pe
rties
Th
e c
ritica
l pro
pe
rties
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
414141
Th
e c
ritica
l pro
pe
rties
Th
e c
ritica
l pro
pe
rties
Th
e c
on
sta
nts
be
co
me
T
he
co
nsta
nts
be
co
me
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
424242
Ca
rbo
n d
ioxid
e a
t C
arb
on
dio
xid
e a
t 30
0
30
0 K
an
d
K a
nd
66..8
8
atm
atm
flow
s a
t flo
ws a
t 10
0
10
0 k
mo
lkm
ol/h
. Use
the
/h
. Use
the
S
RK
eq
ua
tion
of s
tate
to d
ete
rmin
e th
e v
olu
me
tric flo
wS
RK
eq
ua
tion
of s
tate
to d
ete
rmin
e th
e v
olu
me
tric flo
w
Th
e c
ritica
l pro
pe
rties
Th
e c
ritica
l pro
pe
rties
Th
e c
on
sta
nts
be
co
me
T
he
co
nsta
nts
be
co
me
Exam
pleExam
ple
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
434343
Re
arra
ng
e: d
ivid
e b
y P
an
d m
ultip
ly b
yR
ea
rran
ge: d
ivid
e b
y P
an
d m
ultip
ly b
y
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
444444
Use
an
itera
tive
ap
pro
ach
Use
an
itera
tive
ap
pro
ach
Use
the
ide
al g
as la
w to
ge
t an
initia
l va
lue
, be
ca
use
it will u
su
ally
be
U
se
the
ide
al g
as la
w to
ge
t an
initia
l va
lue
, be
ca
use
it will u
su
ally
be
"c
lose
" to th
e re
al s
olu
tion
"clo
se
" to th
e re
al s
olu
tion
Re
arra
ng
e: d
ivid
e b
y P
an
d m
ultip
ly b
yR
ea
rran
ge: d
ivid
e b
y P
an
d m
ultip
ly b
y
PP 11E
qu
.E
qu
.11
Su
bstitu
te th
is v
alu
e in
the
righ
t ha
nd
sid
e o
f S
ub
stitu
te th
is v
alu
e in
the
righ
t ha
nd
sid
e o
f Eq
uE
qu
. . 11, th
en
, the
n
33..55
Su
bstitu
te th
is v
alu
e in
the
righ
t ha
nd
sid
e o
f S
ub
stitu
te th
is v
alu
e in
the
righ
t ha
nd
sid
e o
f Eq
uE
qu
. . 11, th
en
, the
n
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
454545
33..4
97
49
7
A s
trea
m o
f pro
pa
ne
at te
mp
era
ture
T =
A
stre
am
of p
rop
an
e a
t tem
pe
ratu
re T
= 4
23
4
23
K a
nd
pre
ssu
re P
(K
an
d p
ressu
re P
(atm
atm
) ) flo
ws a
t a ra
te o
f flo
ws a
t a ra
te o
f 10
01
00
..0
0 k
mo
lkm
ol/h
. Use
the
SR
K e
qu
atio
n o
f sta
te to
/h
. Use
the
SR
K e
qu
atio
n o
f sta
te to
e
stim
ate
the
vo
lum
etric
flow
rate
of th
e s
trea
m fo
r P =
e
stim
ate
the
vo
lum
etric
flow
rate
of th
e s
trea
m fo
r P =
00..7
7
atm
atm
, , 7
7 a
tma
tm, ,
an
d
an
d 7
0
70
atm
. In e
ach
ca
se
, ca
lcu
late
the
pe
rce
nta
ge
diffe
ren
ce
s
atm
. In e
ach
ca
se
, ca
lcu
late
the
pe
rce
nta
ge
diffe
ren
ce
s
be
twe
en
the
pre
dic
tion
s o
f the
SR
K e
qu
atio
n a
nd
the
ide
al g
as
be
twe
en
the
pre
dic
tion
s o
f the
SR
K e
qu
atio
n a
nd
the
ide
al g
as
eq
ua
tion
of s
tate
.e
qu
atio
n o
f sta
te.
Exam
pleExam
ple
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
464646
Com
pressib
ility Factor E
quationCom
pressib
ility Factor E
quation
ØØT
he
co
mp
ressib
ility fa
cto
r of a
ga
se
ou
s s
pe
cie
s is
de
fine
d a
s th
e
Th
e c
om
pre
ssib
ility fa
cto
r of a
ga
se
ou
s s
pe
cie
s is
de
fine
d a
s th
e
ratio
ratio
ØØF
or id
ea
l ga
s z
=
Fo
r ide
al g
as z
= 11
, the
exte
nt to
wh
ich
z d
iffers
from
, th
e e
xte
nt to
wh
ich
z d
iffers
from
1
1 is
a
is a
m
ea
su
re o
f the
exte
nt to
wh
ich
the
ga
s is
be
ha
vin
g
me
asu
re o
f the
exte
nt to
wh
ich
the
ga
s is
be
ha
vin
g n
on
ide
ally
no
nid
ea
lly..
Th
e c
om
pre
ssib
ility fa
cto
r eq
ua
tion
of s
tate
Th
e c
om
pre
ssib
ility fa
cto
r eq
ua
tion
of s
tate
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
474747
z =
z =
z(T
, P)
z(T
, P)
ØØT
he
co
mp
ressib
ility fa
cto
r is a
fun
ctio
n o
f tem
pe
ratu
re a
nd
pre
ssu
reT
he
co
mp
ressib
ility fa
cto
r is a
fun
ctio
n o
f tem
pe
ratu
re a
nd
pre
ssu
re
ØØV
alu
es a
re a
va
ilab
le in
Pe
rry's
Ch
em
ica
l En
gin
ee
rs' H
an
db
oo
k p
p.
Va
lue
s a
re a
va
ilab
le in
Pe
rry's
Ch
em
ica
l En
gin
ee
rs' H
an
db
oo
k p
p.
22--1
40
1
40
thro
ug
h
thro
ug
h 22
--15
01
50
,,…
.. etc
.…
.. etc
.
Fifty
cu
bic
me
ters
pe
r ho
ur o
f me
tha
ne
flow
s th
rou
gh
a p
ipe
line
at
Fifty
cu
bic
me
ters
pe
r ho
ur o
f me
tha
ne
flow
s th
rou
gh
a p
ipe
line
at 4
04
0..0
0
b
ar a
bso
lute
an
d
ba
r ab
so
lute
an
d 3
00
30
0..0
0
K. U
se
the
co
mp
ressib
ility fa
cto
r eq
ua
tion
to
K. U
se
the
co
mp
ressib
ility fa
cto
r eq
ua
tion
to
estim
ate
the
ma
ss flo
w ra
te in
kg
/he
stim
ate
the
ma
ss flo
w ra
te in
kg
/h
Exam
pleExam
ple
At
At 4
04
0..0
0
ba
r ab
so
lute
an
d
ba
r ab
so
lute
an
d 3
00
30
0..0
0
KK
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
484848
The Law of C
orrespond
ing State
s and Com
pressib
ility Charts
The Law of C
orrespond
ing State
s and Com
pressib
ility Charts
ØØA
cco
rdin
g to
the
Lo
w o
f Co
rresp
on
din
g S
tate
s, a
few
pro
pe
rties a
re
Acco
rdin
g to
the
Lo
w o
f Co
rresp
on
din
g S
tate
s, a
few
pro
pe
rties a
re
the
sa
me
for a
ll ga
se
s w
he
n e
xp
resse
d in
term
s o
f de
via
tion
from
th
e s
am
e fo
r all g
ase
s w
he
n e
xp
resse
d in
term
s o
f de
via
tion
from
th
e c
ritica
l po
int.
the
critic
al p
oin
t.
ØØT
he
de
via
tion
from
the
critic
al p
oin
t ca
n b
e e
xp
resse
d in
terim
s o
f TT
he
de
via
tion
from
the
critic
al p
oin
t ca
n b
e e
xp
resse
d in
terim
s o
f Trr
(red
uce
d te
mp
era
ture
) an
d P
(red
uce
d te
mp
era
ture
) an
d P
rr(re
du
ce
d p
ressu
re)
(red
uce
d p
ressu
re)
ØØT
hu
s, a
"ge
ne
raliz
ed
co
mp
ressib
ility fa
cto
r ch
art" c
an
be
use
d to
T
hu
s, a
"ge
ne
raliz
ed
co
mp
ressib
ility fa
cto
r ch
art" c
an
be
use
d to
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
494949
ØØT
hu
s, a
"ge
ne
raliz
ed
co
mp
ressib
ility fa
cto
r ch
art" c
an
be
use
d to
T
hu
s, a
"ge
ne
raliz
ed
co
mp
ressib
ility fa
cto
r ch
art" c
an
be
use
d to
g
et z
on
ce
we
ha
ve
the
red
uce
d te
mp
era
ture
an
d p
ressu
re.
ge
t z o
nce
we
ha
ve
the
red
uce
d te
mp
era
ture
an
d p
ressu
re.
ØØT
he
are
typ
ica
lly s
eve
ral d
iffere
nt v
iew
s o
f the
ch
art, d
ep
en
din
g o
n
Th
e a
re ty
pic
ally
se
ve
ral d
iffere
nt v
iew
s o
f the
ch
art, d
ep
en
din
g o
n
the
pre
ssu
re ra
ng
e.
the
pre
ssu
re ra
ng
e.
Is in
trod
uce
d in
so
me
ch
art to
elim
ina
te th
e n
ee
d fo
r trial
Is in
trod
uce
d in
so
me
ch
art to
elim
ina
te th
e n
ee
d fo
r trial--a
nd
an
d--e
rror
erro
r
ca
lcu
latio
ns in
pro
ble
ms w
he
re e
ithe
r tem
pe
ratu
re o
r pre
ssu
re is
ca
lcu
latio
ns in
pro
ble
ms w
he
re e
ithe
r tem
pe
ratu
re o
r pre
ssu
re is
un
kn
ow
nu
nkn
ow
n
Fig
ure
F
igu
re 55
..44--1
1
(p.
(p. 2
08
20
8))
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
505050
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
515151
Fig
ure
F
igu
re 55
..44--2
2
(p.
(p. 2
09
20
9))
Genera
lized c
om
pre
ssib
ility c
hart, lo
w p
ressure
s.
Genera
lized c
om
pre
ssib
ility c
hart, lo
w p
ressure
s.
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
525252
Fig
ure
F
igu
re 55
..44--3
3
(p.
(p. 2
10
21
0))
Genera
lized c
om
pre
ssib
ility c
hart, m
ediu
m p
ressure
s.
Genera
lized c
om
pre
ssib
ility c
hart, m
ediu
m p
ressure
s.
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
535353
Fig
ure
F
igu
re 55
..44--4
4
(p.
(p. 2
11
211
))G
enera
lized c
om
pre
ssib
ility c
hart, h
igh p
ressure
s.
Genera
lized c
om
pre
ssib
ility c
hart, h
igh p
ressure
s.
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
545454
Genera
lized c
om
pre
ssib
ility c
hart
Genera
lized c
om
pre
ssib
ility c
hart
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
555555
Genera
lized c
om
pre
ssib
ility c
hart
Genera
lized c
om
pre
ssib
ility c
hart
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
565656
Genera
lized c
om
pre
ssib
ility c
hart
Genera
lized c
om
pre
ssib
ility c
hart
Generalized compressibility chart Generalized compressibility chart
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
575757
Generalized compressibility chart Generalized compressibility chart
ØØW
arn
ing
: W
arn
ing
: Hyd
rog
en
an
d H
eliu
m a
re s
pe
cia
l ca
se
s. T
he
y re
qu
ire a
co
rrectio
n w
he
n c
alc
ula
ting
red
uce
d p
rop
ertie
s. H
en
ce
, de
term
ine
a
dju
ste
d c
ritica
l co
nsta
nts
from
the
em
piric
al fo
rmu
las
New
ton's
corre
ctio
ns
Exam
pleExam
ple
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
585858
It is n
ece
ssa
ry to
sto
re 1
lbm
ole
of m
eth
an
e a
t a te
mp
era
ture
of 1
22
F
an
d a
pre
ssu
re o
f 60
0 a
tm. W
ha
t is th
e v
olu
me
of th
e v
esse
l tha
t mu
st
be
pro
vid
ed
? C
om
pa
re re
su
lts u
sin
g th
e id
ea
l ga
s la
w a
nd
the
co
mp
ressib
ility fa
cto
r eq
ua
tion
.
Usin
g th
e c
om
pre
ssib
ility fa
cto
r eq
ua
tion
Usin
g th
e id
ea
l ga
s la
w
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
595959
Fro
m th
e g
en
era
lize
d c
om
pre
ssib
ility fa
cto
r ch
art,
z =
1.2
0
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
606060
1.2
00.8
45
On
e h
un
dre
d g
ram
-mo
les o
f nitro
ge
n is
co
nta
ine
d in
a 5
-liter v
esse
l at
-20
.6°C
. Estim
ate
the
pre
ssu
re in
the
cylin
de
r.
Exam
pleExam
ple
Th
e c
ritica
l tem
pe
ratu
re a
nd
pre
ssu
re o
f nitro
ge
n
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
616161
Th
e re
du
ce
d te
mp
era
ture
an
d v
olu
me
z =
1.7
7
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
626262
Fig
ure
F
igu
re 55
..44--4
4
(p.
(p. 2
11
211
))G
enera
lized c
om
pre
ssib
ility c
hart, h
igh p
ressure
s.
Genera
lized c
om
pre
ssib
ility c
hart, h
igh p
ressure
s.
Real G
as Mixture
sReal G
as Mixture
s
ØØT
he
mix
ture
co
mp
ressib
ility fa
cto
r, T
he
mix
ture
co
mp
ressib
ility fa
cto
r, zzmm, is
fou
nd
from
the
ge
ne
raliz
ed
, is
fou
nd
from
the
ge
ne
raliz
ed
co
mp
ressib
ility fa
cto
r ch
art u
sin
g th
e s
yste
m te
mp
era
ture
an
d
co
mp
ressib
ility fa
cto
r ch
art u
sin
g th
e s
yste
m te
mp
era
ture
an
d
pre
ssu
re re
du
ce
d u
sin
g "
pre
ssu
re re
du
ce
d u
sin
g "p
se
ud
ocritic
al
pse
ud
ocritic
alc
on
sta
nts
" giv
en
by
co
nsta
nts
" giv
en
by
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
636363
Ka
y's
Ru
leK
ay's
Ru
le
30
0
30
0 lb
s o
f a m
ixtu
re o
f lb
s o
f a m
ixtu
re o
f 10
1
0 m
ol%
pro
pa
ne
, m
ol%
pro
pa
ne
, 20
20
% n
% n
--bu
tan
e, a
nd
b
uta
ne
, an
d 7
07
0%
n%
n--
pe
nta
ne
is c
om
ple
tely
va
po
rize
d in
a
pe
nta
ne
is c
om
ple
tely
va
po
rize
d in
a p
ipe
still
pip
estill
in o
ne
ho
ur. A
t the
ou
tlet,
in o
ne
ho
ur. A
t the
ou
tlet,
the
tem
pe
ratu
re a
nd
pre
ssu
re a
re
the
tem
pe
ratu
re a
nd
pre
ssu
re a
re 5
15
5
15
F a
nd
F
an
d 6
00
6
00
psia
psia
. Wh
at is
the
. W
ha
t is th
e
vo
lum
etric
flow
rate
at th
e o
utle
t in
vo
lum
etric
flow
rate
at th
e o
utle
t in c
fmcfm
at o
utle
t co
nd
ition
s.
at o
utle
t co
nd
ition
s.
Ba
sis
: B
asis
: 10
0
10
0 m
ole
s m
ixtu
rem
ole
s m
ixtu
re1
0
10
mo
l pro
pa
ne
* m
ol p
rop
an
e * 4
4
44
lb/m
ole
=
lb/m
ole
= 4
40
4
40
lbs
lbs
20
2
0 m
ol b
uta
ne
* m
ol b
uta
ne
* 58
5
8 =
=
11
60
11
60
70
7
0 m
ol p
en
tan
e *
mo
l pe
nta
ne
* 72
7
2 =
=
50
40
50
40
Exam
pleExam
ple
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
646464
70
7
0 m
ol p
en
tan
e *
mo
l pe
nta
ne
* 72
7
2 =
=
50
40
50
40
To
tal
To
tal 6
64
0
66
40
lbs, A
MW
lb
s, A
MW
66
66
..4
4
Ma
ss fra
ctio
ns:
Ma
ss fra
ctio
ns: 00
..06
63
0
66
3 p
rop
an
e,
pro
pa
ne
, 00..1
75
1
75
bu
tan
e,
bu
tan
e, 00
..75
9
75
9 p
en
tan
ep
en
tan
e
Ba
sis
: B
asis
: 30
0
30
0 lb
s m
ixtu
relb
s m
ixtu
re3
00
3
00
* * 00..0
66
3
06
63
/ / 44
4
4 =
=
00..4
52
4
52
lbm
ole
slb
mo
les
pro
pa
ne
fed
pro
pa
ne
fed
30
0
30
0 * * 00
..17
5
17
5 / / 5
6
56
=
= 00
..90
5
90
5 lb
mo
les
lbm
ole
sb
uta
ne
bu
tan
e3
00
3
00
* * 00..7
59
7
59
/ / 72
7
2 =
=
33..1
6
16
lbm
ole
slb
mo
les
pe
nta
ne
pe
nta
ne
44..5
3
53
lbm
ole
slb
mo
les
tota
l to
tal
Ch
eck th
e id
ea
lity o
f the
ga
s
Ch
eck th
e id
ea
lity o
f the
ga
s
Sin
ce
S
ince
17
17
..4
4 <
<
32
0
32
0 th
e g
as is
no
t ide
al
the
ga
s is
no
t ide
al
Th
e p
hysic
al p
rop
ertie
s a
re:
Th
e p
hysic
al p
rop
ertie
s a
re:
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
656565
Pro
pa
ne
Bu
tan
eP
en
tan
e
Tc
36
9.9
K4
25.1
7 K
46
9.8
K
66
5.8
R7
65.3
1 R
84
5.6
4 R
Pc
42
.0 atm
37
.47
atm3
3.3
atm
Th
e p
hysic
al p
rop
ertie
s a
re:
Th
e p
hysic
al p
rop
ertie
s a
re:
Ap
ply
ing
Ka
y's
Ru
leA
pp
lyin
g K
ay's
Ru
le
Fro
m th
e c
om
pre
ssib
ility fa
cto
r ch
art,
Fro
m th
e c
om
pre
ssib
ility fa
cto
r ch
art,
z=
z=
00..7
57
5
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
666666
z=
z=
00..7
57
5
A m
ixtu
re o
f A
mix
ture
of 7
57
5%
H%
H22
an
d
an
d 2
52
5%
N%
N22
(mo
lar b
asis
) is c
on
tain
ed
in a
tan
k a
t (m
ola
r ba
sis
) is c
on
tain
ed
in a
tan
k a
t 8
00
8
00
atm
atm
an
d
an
d --7
07
0°°C
. Estim
ate
the
sp
ecific
vo
lum
e o
f the
mix
ture
in
C. E
stim
ate
the
sp
ecific
vo
lum
e o
f the
mix
ture
in
Lim
oI
Lim
oIu
sin
g K
ay's
rule
.u
sin
g K
ay's
rule
.
Exam
pleExam
ple
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
676767
