The United States Takes Hawaii A stop between China and East India

By mid 19th century, Americans had sugar plantations throughout

Foreign workers outnumbered Hawaiians 4:1!

HOW DID AMERICA SLOWLY GAIN POWER? U.S. could get sugar with no tax White landowners were only voters Built a naval base in Pearl Harbor

What was the McKinley Tariff and how did it effect Hawaiians?

In 1891, Queen Liliuokalani tried to restore voting power to Natives

U.S. ambassador John L. Stevens and Americans protested and invaded Hawaii

Imprisoned the queen Took over the government Sanford B. Dole became

president of the provisional government

Pres. Cleveland recognized the Republic of Hawaii

1898 – Hawaii became a U.S. territory

ARGUMENT FOR ARGUMENT AGAINST

                 

 

18.2 The Spanish-American War (1898)

Objectives:1. Contrast American opinions regarding the

Cuban revolt against Spain2. Identify the events that escalated conflict

between the United States and Spain.3. Describe the course of the Spanish-

American War and its results.

America’s interest in Cuba Both P.R. and Cuba were controlled by Spain 1886 – Cubans fight for emancipation from Spain Leading supplier of sugar to the United States 1894 – high tariff on Cuban sugar destroys their

economy

Jose Martí leading fight for Cuban independence from Spain Led a guerilla group against sugar mills and plantations Tried to get U.S. involved. Cuba Libre!!! American public opinion was split

WHAT WERE THE CAUSES OF THE SPANISH-AMERICAN WAR?

Spanish General Valeriano Weyler cracks down on Cuba, creates “concentration camps,” thousands die of hunger & disease 300,000 Cubans were forced into camps!

Hearst and Pulitzer’s US papers fuel war fever with yellow journalism What is Yellow journalism? What did Hearst and Pulitzer do/say?

McKinley pressures Spain and they lessen their control in Cuba Modified policy on concentration camps, allowed limited govt.

U.S. Public Opinion Begins to Turn

De Lome Letter: criticizes Pres. McKinley Who is Enrique Dupuy de Lome? What did it say? Did anyone agree with it?

The explosion of the USS Maine Feb. 15, 1898 Was sent to protect American lives and property 260 Americans died No one knew what happened

Who was held responsible? What do we know today about the explosion?

USS Maine before…

http://www.history.navy.mil/photos/images/h46000/h46774.jpg

…USS Maine after

Why did McKinley call for war with Spain?

Popular Business interests Spanish “despotism” U.S.S. Maine incident Yellow Press/jingoism

Spanish-American War

“Remember the Maine!!”

U.S. declares war on Spain April 20, 1898

May 1 - George Dewey landed in Manila and destroyed the Spanish fleet

Over 11,000 Americans then joined forces with the Filipinos, led by Emilio Aguinaldo

By August, Spanish troops had surrendered to American forces

Invade Cuba? Americans turned their attention to Cuba, but there

were some problems:

1. Not enough modern equipment 2. inadequate leaders 3. Woolen uniforms 4. Inexperienced and ill-prepared

Who are the Rough Riders?

regiment of American volunteers , including cowboys, polo players, ex-convicts…and Teddy Roosevelt

Why are they historically significant?

http://www.etsu.edu/cas/history/resources/Private/Faculty/Fac_From1877ChapterDoc/ChapterImages/Ch19RooseveltandtheRough%20Riders.jpg

San Juan Hill 17,000 Americans landed in Cuba in June 1898 Charges by Americans on Kettle Hill (including two

African American regiments) cleared the way for San Juan Hill

America wins the Battle for San Juan Hill and TR is declared hero

Spanish fleet tries to escape but had to surrender to the American Navy

America then invaded Puerto Rico

Charge of San Juan HillHistorical Significance: Establishes reputation of TR and the United States as a world power.

Painting by Frederic Remington

Who is missing from this picture?

Buffalo Soldiers

Timeline of Spanish-American WarFebruary 15, 1898

April 20, 1898

May 1, 1898

July 1, 1898

July 25, 1898

August 12, 1898

February 6, 1899

Timeline of Spanish-American WarFebruary 15, 1898Battleship Maine mysteriously explodes and sinks near the Cuban coast, 260 Americans die

April 20, 1898United States goes to war with Spain

May 1, 1898Admiral Dewey steams into Manila Bay and destroys Spanish fleet

July 1, 1898Battle of San Juan Hill and the charge of the Rough Riders

July 25, 1898United States troops invade Puerto Rico

August 12, 1898United States and Spain sign armistice (cease fire)

February 6, 1899Senate passes Treaty of Paris

OUTCOMES p. 534 379 US combat deaths, 5000+ deaths from disease

Treaty of Paris of 1898:-Cuba “freed”-Guam and Puerto Rico are US possessions-Philippines purchased for $20 million then annexed to US

Increase in American prestige abroad

What were the arguments for expanding America’s empire?

What were the arguments against expanding America’s empire?

What do you think?

What were the arguments against expanding America’s empire?