The Ultimate Btu Machine

Curbing Hospital Energy Costs

David N. Schurk DES., CEM., LEED-AP., CDSM., CWEP, SFP., CIAQM., HCCC., National Healthcare Strategic Accounts Manager Carrier Corporation

Presented By:

The Ultimate Btu Machine

Curbing Hospital Energy Costs

Source: 2016 ASHRAE Learning Institute

Curbing Hospital Energy Costs

Reheat and

Space Heating = 82%

50% Energy Savings

Where are we going?

Download your free copy free:

http://www.ashrae.org/standards-

research--technology/advanced-

energy-design-guides

Curbing Hospital Energy Costs

Reheat and

Space Heating = 82%

What's ASHE Say?

“50% of a facilities managers budget is invested in energy”.

“The HVAC system typically consumes 60-80% of the energy

necessary to operate a hospital”.

“42% of the energy a hospital uses is for reheat”.

“The internal building load, including equipment, lights and people

is the cheapest energy source for space and domestic water

heating. The systems MUST be designed to recover this energy”.

Curbing Hospital Energy Costs

Reheat and

Space Heating = 82%

COOL

(1) Overcool air to properly

dehumidify

(2) Add reheat air to make temperature

comfortable

Cooling/Dehumidification Heating

10°f of Reheat

*Healthcare’s high airflow rates are based on ventilation code requirements and not on space sensible cooling requirements*

Space Needs

COLD

P

E

R

F

E

C

T

R

A

Aggressively Address Reheat

Operating Room Space Dew Point CW Temp Coil Temp Reheat

60°FDB at 50%RH 41°F 34°F 39°F 18°F

60°FDB at 60%RH 46°F 39°F 44°F 13°F

64°FDB at 50%RH 45°F 38°F 43°F 18°F

64°FDB at 60%RH 50°F 43°F 48°F 13°F

68°FDB at 50%RH 49°F 42°F 47°F 18°F

68°FDB at 60%RH 54°F 47°F 52°F 13°F

72°FDB at 50%RH 52°F 45°F 50°F 19°F

72°FDB at 60%RH 57°F 50°F 55°F 14°F

Curbing Hospital Energy Costs

Reheat and

Space Heating = 82%

RECOVER “WASTE-HEAT” AND RETURN IT TO THE BUILDING

Building

Outdoors

Curbing Hospital Energy Costs

Find applications that require simultaneous heating and cooling.

CHILLER

One Way

Curbing Hospital Energy Costs

Find applications that require simultaneous heating and cooling.

CHILERS

Another Way

Curbing Hospital Energy Costs

Reheat and

Space Heating = 82%

1 2

3

3

3

Curbing Hospital Energy Costs

Reheat and

Space Heating = 82%

Average $0.894/therm

Curbing Hospital Energy Costs Conventional Chiller

0.427 kW/ton X 700-tons X 24 hr/day X 365 days/yr = 2,618,364 kWh/yr X $0.1274/kWh = $333,580/yr

Conventional 95% Eff Boiler

(COP 0.95) 107.79/therms-input X 24 hr/day X 365 days/yr X $0.894/therms = $844,150/yr (10,778,947 Btuh/100,000)

Heat Reclaim Chiller

0.769 kW/ton X 700-tons X 24 hr/day X 365 days/yr = 4,715,508 kWh/yr X $0.1274/kWh = $600,756/yr

Heat Reclaim Chiller Savings: $587,786

Conventional Cooling Tower

0.06 kW/ton X 805-tons X 24 hr/day X 365 days/yr = 423,108 kWh/yr X $0.1274/kWh = $53,904/yr

Heat Reclaim Chiller Demand

0.769 kW/ton – 0.427 kW/ton = 0.342 kW/ton X 700 ton = 239kW X12-months X $15/kW demand = (-$43,092/yr)

Curbing Hospital Energy Costs

Reheat and

Space Heating = 82%

Sewer Charge???

Curbing Hospital Energy Costs

Does NOT include additional maintenance associated with total cost of tower ownership

Chemical treatment cost = $3.00/1000 gallons

Curbing Hospital Energy Costs

Reheat and

Space Heating = 82%

Total Water + Chemical Cost = $82,391

A) HVAC Water Chillers & Cooling Towers: Fundamentals, Application & Operation, Herbert W. Stanford, Stanford White Associates, Consulting Engineers.

Tower service & maintenance savings NOT included

Aproximate Cooling Tower Water and Chemical Costs for Los Angles, CA

Waste GPM % Load % Run Time Hour/Year Gal/Yr Chiller Tons 700

32 100% 1.00% 8760 165,564 Tower Tons 840

32 75% 42.00% 8760 5,215,266 Tower GPM 2100

32 50% 45.00% 8760 3,725,190 Waste GPM 32

32 25% 12.00% 8760 496,692

Gal/Year 9,602,712 Water $/1000 gal 5.58$

Chem $/1000 gal 3.00$

Water Cost 53,583$

Chemical Cost 28,808$ Enter Values: In Yellow

Total Cost 82,391$

Curbing Hospital Energy Costs

Heat Reclaim Chiller Energy Savings: $587,786

Cooling Tower Water/Chemical Savings: $82,391

Total Yearly Heat Reclaim Savings : $670,177

The Ultimate Btu Machine *Does NOT Include Utility Rebates & Incentives

$ kWh $0.65/therm $0.75/therm $0.85/therm $0.95/therm $1.05/therm

$0.04 $586,094 $680,518 $744,942 $869,366 $963,790

$0.06 $552,613 $647,037 $741,461 $835,885 $930,309

$0.08 $519,132 $613,556 $707,980 $802,404 $896,828

$0.10 $485,651 $580,075 $674,499 $768,923 $863,347

$0.12 $452,171 $546,595 $641,019 $735,443 $829,867

$0.14 $418,690 $513,114 $607,538 $701,963 $796,386

$0.16 $385,209 $479,633 $574,057 $668,481 $762,905

$0.18 $351,729 $446,153 $540,577 $635,001 $729,425

$0.20 $318,248 $412,672 $507,096 $601,220 $695,944

Total Yearly Heat Reclaim Savings

Curbing Hospital Energy Costs

*Does NOT Include Utility Rebates & Incentives

$

$

$

$

$ $

Carrier 19DV 700-Tons

Curbing Hospital Energy Costs

Curbing Hospital Energy Costs

Reheat and

Space Heating = 82%

Breakeven = gas @ $0.4986/therm, electricity

$0.1623/kWh, HR Eff @ 1.248 kW/ton.

Curbing Hospital Energy Costs

Reheat and

Space Heating = 82%

Carrier Heat-Reclaim

Chiller

The Ultimate Btu Machine Our Other Heat-Recovery Chillers

Putting the “H” back into HVAC

16-800 tons Single Chassis