ABB

PMS

-1©

2008

ABB Leader in power and automation technologies

The Trend of Power Quality Management

by ABB Power Management System (PMS)

by Wai Tai Yeap

Power & productivity for a better world

ABB

PMS

-2©

2008

Background

Wai Tai Yeap –Manager, PMS / ABB Industry Pte. Ltd. Singapore

SGIND is part of the global PMS application execution centre.

Six years experience in power and energy management solution

Industry experience including commercial power plant, petrochemical plant including fertilizer plant, refineries and LNG plant

ABB

PMS

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2008

Terminology for Power Management System

PMS – Power Management SystemLMS – Load Management SystemPDCS – Power Distributed Control SystemECS – Electrical Control SystemECSS – Electrical Control & Supervisory SystemENMC – Electrical Network Monitoring & Control SystemELICS – Electrical Integrated Control SystemIPCS – Integrated Protection & Control System

IndustrialIT PMS for Energy Intensive Industries

Power Management Drivers

PMS Architecture

PMS Functionality

References

Benefits

Communication Solution

ABB

PMS

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2008

Power Management – Introduction (1)

What ? Why?The control of electrical switchgear and equipment

To optimise electricity generation and usage and to prevent major disturbances & plant outages (blackouts)

Where is it required ?

In the context of a green-field installation

a major extension or modification of a brown-field plant

In plants with a substantial electrical load

In plants with major electricity generation facilities

In cases where there is no or a poor grid supply or the need to limit imported power

ABB

PMS

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2008

Power Management – Introduction (2)

In which industries ?Oil and Gas – Onshore & Offshore

Onshore ProductionOffshore Platforms and FPSO (Floating Production Storage & Offloading) RefineriesLNG Complexes

Petrochemical plants Large Industrial Complexes

Pulp & Paper PlantsCement PlantsMetal & Mining Plants

ABB

PMS

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2008

Business Drivers for PMS

Prevention of Blackouts

Reduction of Energy Costs

Reduction of Investment Costs

Reduction of Operational Costs

Environmental, Health & Safety (EH&S) Risk Management

ABB

PMS

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2008

Critical loadsLimited in-plant generationInsufficient reliability of grid supply

Operational Drivers for PMS

Several generatorsPower-sharing with other plants/sites

Power Control}Different electrical operational configurations possible Mode Control}Generation & distribution networks“Local only” control facilities SCADA}

Load Shedding}

ABB

PMS

-9©

2008

IndustrialIT Power Management System

LNGPlants

StorageTerminals

FloatingProduction

Onshore Production

Jobbers

OilDistribution

PowerPlants

ChemicalPlants

Main Application Areas in O&G Supply Chain

O&GTankers

SubseaProduction

Marine

Loading

SalesTerminal

Consumer Mfg

SalesTerminal

SalesTerminal

Drilling

OffshoreProduction

Boosting Station Refineries

Chemical Terminals

Gas Plants

Pipelines & Terminals

Gas Distribution

Lube OilPlants

Primary Distribution

ProcessingProduction Secondary Distribution

ABB

PMS

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08Typical Integrated Electrical System

ABB

PMS

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08

M MMM M MMM MMM M MM MM M MMM

M MMM

G G

M MM M

G G

M MM M

6.6 kV

GGG GGG

MM

22 kV

G G G

400 V

Typical Electrical Network Monitoring System

ABB

PMS

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08

Fast Functions are performed by Controllers:Load Shedding / Re-Acceleration / Re-StartingPower ControlMode Control

IndustrialIT System 800xA Architecture for PMS

MCC

A B B T r a n s m i t O yN e t w o r k P a r t n e r

FEEDER TERMINAL REF541A B B N e t w o r k P a r t n e r

Uaux = 80.. .265 Vdc / ac

fn = 50 H z

In = 1/ 5 A ( I)

1 MRS xxxxxx

98 15 0U n = 100/110 V (U )

U on = 100/110 V (Uo)

Ion = 1/5 A ( Io)

9 50 9

A B B T r a n s m i t O yN e t w o r k P a r t n e r

FEEDER TERMINAL REF541A B B N e t w o r k P a r t n e r

Uaux = 80.. .265 Vdc / ac

fn = 50 H z

In = 1/ 5 A ( I)

1 MRS xxxxxx

98 15 0U n = 100/110 V (U )

U on = 100/110 V (Uo)

Ion = 1/5 A ( Io)

9 50 9

Substation N

S800 I/O

Serial links to AVR

Serial Links to Emergency Diesel Generator

Serial links to Governor

A B B T r a n s m i t O yN e t w o r k P a r t n e r

FEEDER TERMINAL REF541A B B N e t w o r k P a r t n e r

Uaux = 80.. .265 Vdc / ac

fn = 50 H z

In = 1/ 5 A ( I)

1 MRS xxxxxx

98 15 0U n = 100/110 V (U )

U on = 100/110 V (Uo)

Ion = 1/5 A ( Io)

9 50 9

A B B T r a n s m i t O yN e t w o r k P a r t n e r

FEEDER TERMINAL REF541A B B N e t w o r k P a r t n e r

Uaux = 80.. .265 Vdc / ac

fn = 50 H z

In = 1/ 5 A ( I)

1 MRS xxxxxx

98 15 0U n = 100/110 V (U )

U on = 100/110 V (Uo)

Ion = 1/5 A ( Io)

9 50 9

VFD

Control Network

TCP/IP Network

Plant & Enterprise Management SystemsRemote Users

ServerOperatorStation

EngineeringStation

Substation 1 Substation 2

AC800MController

Substation Z

ABB

PMS

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08Power Management Functionality

Load Shedding

Active and Reactive Power Control

Mode Control

SCADA & Integration

Re-Acceleration / Re-Starting

Synchronisation

ABB

PMS

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08ABB’s Starting-point for Load Shedding

Secure electrical power to critical loads

Minimal disturbance to plant operation

No spurious operation

30MW20MW15MW

G2G1

M1 M2 M3 M4 M7M6M5

9MW(5)

6MW(3)

1MW(3)

20MW(1)

10MW(2)

7MW(4)

12MW(5)

ABB

PMS

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08Load Shedding – The types

Load shedding on loss of power resources

Load shedding on frequency drop

Load shedding on components overload

Load shedding on peak shaving

30MW20MW15MW

G2G1

M1 M2 M3 M4 M7M6M5

9MW(5)

6MW(3)

1MW(3)

20MW(1)

10MW(2)

7MW(4)

12MW(5)

ABB

PMS

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08Load Shedding – How should it work?

Monitor available power generation in relation to consumption

Monitor power flow in relation to capability of the components

Shed load to avoidBlack-outs

Damage to the equipment

30MW20MW15MW

G2G1

M1 M2 M3 M4 M7M6M5

9MW(5)

6MW(3)

1MW(3)

20MW(1)

10MW(2)

7MW(4)

12MW(5)

ABB

PMS

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08Fast Load Shedding – How should it work?

Initiate on trip of a critical signal

Generator breaker

Bus coupler

Inter tie-line breaker

Lock out protection

Based on power balance calculation

Total Pgenertion + Pspinning reserve

≥

Total Pload + Pinhibit

30MW20MW15MW

G2G1

M1 M2 M3 M4 M7M6M5

9MW(5)

6MW(3)

1MW(3)

20MW(1)

10MW(2)

7MW(4)

12MW(5)

ABB

PMS

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08Power Management Functionality

Load Shedding

Active and Reactive Power Control

Mode Control

SCADA & Integration

Re-Acceleration / Re-Starting

Synchronisation

ABB

PMS

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©20

08

Coordinated Control of Power Generation

In island operation:Maintain system frequency

Maintain system voltage

Connected to grid:Control active power exchange

Control reactive power exchange

Share active & reactive power among the machines:Participation factors

Efficient power generation optimization

Spinning reserve optimization

Stand by optimization

P

Q-LagQ-Lead

Active and Reactive Power Control

ABB

PMS

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©20

08Power Management Functionality

Load Shedding

Active and Reactive Power Control

Mode Control

SCADA & Integration

Re-Acceleration / Re-Starting

Synchronisation

ABB

PMS

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©20

08

for Generatorsfor Turbinesfor Transformersfor Switchboards

Mode Control

ABB

PMS

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08Power Management Functionality

Load Shedding

Active and Reactive Power Control

Mode Control

SCADA & Integration

Re-Acceleration / Re-Starting

Synchronisation

ABB

PMS

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08

Clearly Structured Presentation

Controls - Select Before Execute

Status Indications

Consistency Analysis

Time Tagged Events (1 ms resolution)

Alarm handling, Reports, Trends

Supervision and Self Diagnostics

Single Window concept

Supervision, Control and Data Acquisition

ABB

PMS

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08Integration with Supervisory Systems

Plant Information Systems - MIS

Regional Dispatch Centres

Power Generation Co-ordination Centres

Energy Trading

Utility Management Systems

Process DCS

ABB

PMS

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08Integration with Subordinated Systems

Satellite Time Receiver (GPS)

Alarm annunciations

SF-6 Density Monitoring Units

Motor Control Centres

Battery Chargers

Meteorological Stations

Diesel Generators

Generator- and turbine controller

Protection and Control Units

ABB

PMS

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08Integrated Protection & Control Units

ProtectionMeasuring of U,I,E, calculation of P & QMonitoring & ControlInterlockings Alarm annunciationSOE RecordingDisturbance RecordingProtection ParameterizationPower Quality and Transient Analysis

ABB

PMS

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©20

08Power Management Functionality

Load Shedding

Active and Reactive Power Control

Mode Control

SCADA & Integration

Re-Acceleration / Re-Starting

Synchronisation

ABB

PMS

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©20

08Re-Acceleration / Re-Starting

Triggered by Load Shedding or Under-voltage

Individual motors

Priority per motor

Max. allowed time delay per motor

Network configuration check

Network restoration

ABB

PMS

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08Power Management Functionality

Load Shedding

Active and Reactive Power Control

Mode Control

SCADA & Integration

Re-Acceleration / Re-Starting

Synchronisation

ABB

PMS

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©20

08

Synchronization for closing:Bus tie breakers

Generator main breaker

Grid incomer breaker

Network breaker

Operator interface to select of variables, U-Var side for matching the voltage and frequency phase with reference U-Ref side

Synchronisation

ABB

PMS

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©20

08

Reduce investment costs

Maintaining a good Power Factor

The total accumulated switched-off shortcurrents by a circuitbreaker or

the number of generator starts are a trigger for maintenanceNo need for big oversizing of primary equipment

Power Control, Standby Optimization, n+1 Criteria, SCADA, etc. are performed by

the system and not by the operators

The Human Machine Interfaces for all the electrical sub-systems can be integrated in

the Energy Management SystemSerial interfaces with protection & control units avoid spaghetti wiring & cable ducts

A B B T r a n s m i t O yN e t w o r k P a r t n e r

FEEDER TERMINAL REF541A B B N e t w o r k P a r t n e r

Uaux = 80...265 Vdc/ac

fn = 50 Hz

In = 1/5 A (I)

1MRS xxxxxx

98 15 0Un = 100/110 V (U)

Uon = 100/110 V (Uo)

Ion = 1/5 A (Io)

9 50 9

ABB Industrial IT PMS allows you to:Avoid black-outs (up to 500 kUSD / hour)

Power control including voltage control, frequency control, sharing power among generators and tie-line(s).High Speed Consistency Load Shedding (< 100 ms.)

Reduce electricity costsPeak-shavingRe-active Power Control & Sharing

In case of a shortage of electrical power, secure the available power to critical loads by switching off the none important loads

according to dynamic load tables

?

Limit electrical import during peak time and reduce peak based charges

Minimize maintenance costsOptimize resource utilizationEvent driven maintenanceSingle Window concept

In case of a shortage of electrical power, secure the available power to critical loads by switching off the none important loads

according to dynamic load tables

?

Optimizing the stability of the operation of the electrical generation- and distribution

network of a plant

Minimized cabling and engineeringOptimized network design

ABB

PMS

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08Differentiators

In-depth knowledge of the electrical process20 years experience in PMS implementations across the world since 1986Standard software, well documented, tested, Global support through various Main Execution CentersBased on state-of-the-art Industrial IT System 800xA technologyAdvanced technical features, including:

Fast Response Time for Load Shedding, Mode Control, Power Control, Re-accelerationHigh Resolution and Accuracy of Sequence of Event recordingCompliance to class 3 EMC immunity

Single responsibility: One supplier for PMS integrated with: protection, governor, excitation, tap-changer, Motor Control Centre, Variable Speed Drive, etc.

ABB

PMS

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08IndustrialIT PMS Application Areas

Offshore Platforms & FPSO

Refineries

LNG Complexes

Large Industrial Complexes

ABB

PMS

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08

ABB delivers Industrial IT solution to the Statoil Hammerfest, Norway LNG Plant

ABB

PMS

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08

ABB delivers Industrial IT solution to the Sakhalin II LNG Plant, Russia

ABB

PMS

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08

Proxiesto otherbuses

•Profibus•others

FFIEC 61850

ABB’s Unified Integration Approach

Profibus…

Controllers

Workplaces

MV DrivesMV

Switchgear LVSwitchgear

LVProducts

DrivesRemote I/O

Instrumentation

Control Network

HV Valves

GIS

AIS

DistributiontrafoPower

trafo

Web HMI

Vertical IntegrationFaceplatesAsset MonitorsHistorical Data Collection

Engineering / CommissioningDiagnostics

Application integrationPeer-to-peer communication

Integration

ABB

PMS

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08Background – What is IEC 61850?

IEC 61850 is a global standard for“Communication Networks and Systems in Substations”„How to make different devices from different vendors work together (interoperability)“

DO YOU UNDERSTAND

ME?

YES, WE DO!

IEC 61850

ABB

PMS

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08IEC 61850 Functional Level

Data in monitoring directionCommands in control DirectionSNTP Time synchronizationParameters settingsDisturbance recordingNetwork redundancyHorizontal Communication (GOOSE)

IEC 61850

ABB

PMS

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©20

08GOOSE Messaging

GOOSE

Process Interface Process Interface Process Interface

ProtectionControlControl &Protection ProtectionControl

Switch

GOOSE

Process Interface Process Interface Process Interface

ProtectionControlControl &Protection ProtectionControl

Switch

GOOSE: Generic Object Oriented Substation Event

IEC 61850 – 7-2

IEC 61850

ABB

PMS

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08IEC61850 for Electrical Integration

PM86

x

Power Management ApplicationBenefits:

• Avoid black-outs

• Reduce energy costs

• Minimize operational costs

• Energy optimization

CI8

68

IEC61850 (Ethernet 10/100Mbps)

Vertical Integration(IEC61850 Connect)

HV and MV Switchgear andprotection

REF relay REF relay

IEC61850Benefits:

• Standard protocol for medium and high voltage switchgear and protection

• Interoperability between IED’s(Intelligent Electrical Devices)

• High Performance

• Increased Diagnostics

HV and MV Switchgear andprotection

Integration

ABB

PMS

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08General System Topology

IIT 800xA System +

IEC 61850

ABB

PMS

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08ABB IndustrialIT 800xA System Architecture for ENMC

TCP/IP Network

Plant & Enterprise Management SystemsRemote Users

ServerOperatorStation

EngineeringStation

Substation 1 Substation 2 Substation Z

Substation N

M M M M

MV

G

LV

AC800MControllerincluding

routerSerial Links to Protection Relay

Serial links to AVR / GOVSerial links to EDG

IEC 61850-8-1, 9-2

Router / Firewall

IEC61850 Network

IIT 800xA System +

IEC 61850