THE TRANSLATION OF IDIOMATIC EXPRESSIONS IN J.K. … · J.K. Rowling’s Harry Potter and the Sorcerer’s Stone: A Study on Translation Strategies and Acceptability. Yogyakarta:

THE TRANSLATION OF IDIOMATIC EXPRESSIONS IN J.K. ROWLING’S HARRY POTTER AND THE SORCERER’S

STONE:

A STUDY ON EQUIVALENCE AND TRANSLATION STRATEGIES

AN UNDERGRADUATE THESIS

Presented as Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree of Sarjana Sastra

In English Letters

By

RUTH DESTIA CHRISADIYA

Student Number: 114214020

ENGLISH LETTERS STUDY PROGRAM DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH LETTERS

FACULTY OF LETTERS SANATA DHARMA UNIVERSITY

YOGYAKARTA 2016

PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI

THE TRANSLATION OF IDIOMATIC EXPRESSIONS IN J.K. ROWLING’S HARRY POTTER AND THE SORCERER’S

STONE:

A STUDY ON EQUIVALENCE AND TRANSLATION STRATEGIES

AN UNDERGRADUATE THESIS

Presented as Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree of Sarjana Sastra

In English Letters

By



ENGLISH LETTERS STUDY PROGRAM DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH LETTERS

FACULTY OF LETTERS YOGYAKARTA

2016

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A Sarjana Sastra Undergraduate Thesis

THE TRANSLATION OF IDIOMATIC EXPRESSIONS IN J.K.ROWLING'S HARRYPOTTER AND THE SORCERER'S

STONE:

A STUDY ON TRANSLATION STRATEGIES ANDACCEPTABILITY

By



Approved by

Harris Hermansyah S.,M.HumAdvi or

Dr.Be ardine Ria Lestari M.Sc.Co-Ad ·sor

11l

November 17, 2015

November 17,2015



STATEMENT OF ORIGINALITY

I certify that this undergraduate thesis contains no material which has been previously

submitted for the award of any other degree at any university, and that, to the best of my

knowledge, this undergraduate thesis contains no material previously written by any other

person except where due reference is made in the text of the undergradute thesis.

Yogyakarta, May 4, 2016

Ruth Destia Chrisadiya

v



“What you are is God’s gift for you, what you make of yourself is your gift to

God”

Carly Fiorina

vii


For my Mum, You are the bones of my spine, and all the lovely words that I could possibly think of

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

First of all, I would like to send my gratitude for Jesus Christ, the One that

makes everything possible. Also I would thank my mum, for her love, pray,

advices and support in every step that I take..

I am also very grateful to my advisor and co-advisor, J. Harris

Hermansyah S.,M.Hum. and Dr. Bernardine Ria Lestari, M.Sc., for their opinion,

criticism, patience, kindness in guiding me to finish my thesis. They help me a lot

to improve my knowledge in translation studies.

I would like to say thanks to my sister, Aprisa Chrysantina, also my

friends, Nivo Christitaria and Catharina Febry Putri Dewangga, thanks for all the

love and support. My thanks to the coolest girl squad in English Letters named

SPBU (Astrid, Lidya, Puri, Jenna, Oshi, Sisca, Dian), without them I cannot make

it in English Letters until now. I also would like to say thanks to Wahyudi

Septrianto, for his presence, support, and help when I was in difficult times

writing this thesis.

I would also want to express my gratitude to the lecturers in English

Letters Department of Sanata Dharma University, for sharing their knowledge in

these years, and also the staff especially Mbak Niek. The last, I would send my

gratitude to my favorite writer, J.K.Rowling, her books are so inspiring.

Ruth Destia Chrisadiya

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

TITLE PAGE ………………………………………………….................. APPROVAL PAGE..................................................................................... ACCEPTANCE PAGE.............................................................................. LEMBAR PERNYATAAN PERSETUJUAN PUBLIKASI KARYA ILMIAH ........................................................................................................ STATEMENT OF ORIGINALITY........................................................... MOTTO PAGE............................................................................................ DEDICATION PAGE................................................................................. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS....................................................................... TABLE OF CONTENTS…………………………………........................ LIST OF TABLES....................................................................................... ABSTRACT.................................................................................................. ABSTRAK..................................................................................................... CHAPTER I : INTRODUCTION............................................................. A. Background of the Study................................................................. B. Problem Formulation....................................................................... C. Objectives of the Study.................................................................... D. Definition of Terms......................................................................... CHAPTER II : REVIEW OF LITERATURE......................................... A. Review of Related Studies................................................................ B. Review of Related Theories.............................................................. C. Theoretical Framework..................................................................... CHAPTER III : METHODOLOGY....................................................... A. Areas of Research........................................................................... B. Object of the Study......................................................................... C. Method of the Study....................................................................... D. Research Procedurs......................................................................... CHAPTER IV : ANALYSIS (RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS).........

A. The Equivalence of Idiomatic Expressions ……............................. 1. The Formal Equivalence of Idiomatic Expressions................... 2. The Dynamic Equivalence of Idiomatic Expressions................

B. The Applied Strategies of Idiomatic Translations ......................... 1. Using an idiom of similar meaning and form................................ 2. Using an idiom of similar meaning but dissimilar form................ 3. Translation by Paraphrase..............................................................

CHAPTER V : CONCLUSION................................................................... BIBLIOGRAPHY......................................................................................... APPENDICES..............................................................................................

ii iii iv

v

vi vii

viii ix x

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1 1 4 4 4

6 6 8 14

15 15 15 15 16 20 20 22 25 32 32 33 34 41 43 45

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LIST OF TABLES

Table 1.0. The Example of Idiomatic Expressions Table 1.1. The Example of Equivalence Data Analysis Table 1.2. The Example of Applied Strategies Data Analysis Table 2.1. The Proportion of Idiomatic Expressions Table 2.2.The Proportions of Formal and Dynamic Equivalence Table 2.3. The Proportion of Strategies Applied in Translating Idiomatic Expressions

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ABSTRACT

CHRISADIYA, RUTH DESTIA. The Translation of Idiomatic Expressions in J.K. Rowling’s Harry Potter and the Sorcerer’s Stone: A Study on Equivalence and Translation Strategies. Yogyakarta: Department of English Letters, Faculty of Letters, Sanata Dharma University, 2015.

This study is concerned with idiomatic expression especially those which are found in the novel Harry Potter and The Sorcerer’s Stone by J.K. Rowling. Idiomatic expressions are divided into two types, idioms and phrasal verbs. It is challenging to translate idiomatic expressions because idioms have various meanings. They can not be translated by “a word-for-word”.

There are two problems to be discussed in this study, the first is the equivalence of the Indonesian translation of idioms in J.K Rowling’s Harry Potter and the Sorcerer’s Stone and second is the applied strategies to translate English idioms in J.K. Rowling’s Harry Potter and the Sorcerer’s Stone. Several theories are used to support this study. They include the theories of equivalence from Nida and Taber, Catford, and Munday. Also the theories of translation strategies based on Baker, Venuti and Krings.

This study employs the library research method and uses translation approach. The data analyzed in this study consists of idiomatic expressions in J.K Rowling’s Harry Potter and The Sorcerer’s Stone novel. A total of 120 idiomatic expressions were collected in this study. The steps of this study were collecting data, categorizing and analyzing data.

As the result of the analysis, there are two types of idiomatic expressions in this study, they are idioms and phrasal verbs. From 120 data found in the novel, 12 data are selected to be displayed and discussed. Based on Nida and Taber’s theory of equivalence, there are 8 data which are identified as dynamic equivalence and 4 data are identified as formal equivalence. According to Baker, the strategy which is applied in the translation are divided into three types, the frst is using an idiom of similar meaning and form, second is using an idiom of similar meaning but dissimilar form and translation by paraphrase. The result shows that the translation by paraphrase is mostly used with 9 numbers of data, followed by using an idiom of similar meaning but dissimilar form with 2 numbers and using an idiom of similar meaning and form with 1 number.

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ABSTRAK CHRISADIYA, RUTH DESTIA. The Translation of Idiomatic Expressions in J.K. Rowling’s Harry Potter and the Sorcerer’s Stone: A Study on Translation Strategies and Acceptability . Yogyakarta: Departemen Sastra Inggris, Fakultas Sastra, Universitas Sanata Dharma, 2015.

Penelitian ini berkaitan dengan ekspresi idiomatik terutama yang ditemukan dalam novel Harry Potter and the Sorcerer’s Stone oleh J.K. Rowling. Ekspresi idiomatik dibagi menjadi dua jenis, idiom dan kata kerja. Menerjemahkan ekspresi idiomatik adalah hal yang menantang karena idiom memiliki berbagai makna. Mereka tidak dapat diterjemahkan dengan "kata-demi kata".

Ada dua masalah yang akan dibahas dalam penelitian ini, yang pertama adalah kesetaraan terjemaha idiom di J.K. Rowling’s Harry Potter and the Sorcerer’s Stone dan kedua adalah strategi untuk menerjemahkan idiom bahasa Inggris di novel J.K.Rowling Harry Potter and the Sorcerer’s Stone. Ada beberapa teori yang digunakan untuk mendukung penelitian ini yaitu teori kesetaraan dari Nida dan Taber, Catford, dan Munday. Juga teori strategi penerjemahan berdasarkan Baker, Venuti dan Krings.

Penelitian ini menggunakan metode studi pustaka dan menggunakan pendekatan penerjemahan. Data yang dianalisis dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari ekspresi idiomatik di J.K. Rowling’s Harry Potter and the Sorcerer’s Stone. Ada sebanyak 120 ekspresi idiomatik dikumpulkan dalam penelitian ini. Langkah-langkah dari penelitian ini terdiri dari pengumpulan data, mengelompokkan dan menganalisis data.

Hasil dari analisis, ada dua jenis ekspresi idiomatik dalam penelitian ini, yaitu idiom dan kata kerja phrasal. Dari 120 data yang ditemukan dalam novel, 12 data yang dipilih untuk ditampilkan dan dibahas. Berdasarkan teori Nida dan Taber tentang kesetaraan, ada data 8 yang diidentifikasi sebagai kesetaraan dinamis dan 4 data diidentifikasi sebagai kesetaraan formal. Menurut Baker, strategi yang diterapkan dalam terjemahan dibagi menjadi tiga jenis, pertama, yang menggunakan idiom makna yang sama dan bentuk, kedua, menggunakan idiom makna serupa tetapi bentuk yang berbeda dan terjemahan oleh parafrase. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa terjemahan dengan parafrase paling banyak digunakan dengan jumlah 9 nomor, menggunakan idiom makna yang sama tetapi bentuk berbeda dengan jumlah 2 nomor dan menggunakan idiom makna yang sama dan bentuk dengan 1 nomor.


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CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

A. Background of the Study

In communicating with each other, humans need language as their medium.

By using language, people could give and get informations. According to Larson,

language is a complex set of ‘skewed’ relationships between meaning (semantic)

and form (lexicon and grammar). It means that each language has its own form

and meaning (Larson, 1984:9).

Consequently, various languages with different meaning and form create the

diversity of one-to-one correlation between form and meaning. Nowadays, in the

globalized era the need of information becomes high. Therefore, people need

language to exchange the information. Although English is the international

language which can be understood by people around the world, not everyone can

understand English well so that s/he cannot access the information. In that case,

translation is needed to help people get better understanding of informations.

According to Larson, translation is basically a change of form. It consists of

transferring the meaning of the source language into the receptor language.

(Larson, 1984:3).

Translators should understand many aspects used in translation process

because translation is not only translating sentence after sentence but also

renderring the meaning. Translators have to be able to find methods which are


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suitable for each text because each text has its own style, meaning and difficulties.

The messages from source text have to be naturally and accurately translated.

There are some difficulties that will be faced by the translators when dealing

with a literary text which is full of style, meaning, or idiomatic expressions.

Idioms for instance, can be found in many media like novels, newspaper,

magazines because they are used in the wide variety of context or situation.

This research focuses on the idiomatic translation. It is challenging to

analyze the translation of idioms because idioms cannot be translated word by

word, and it is interesting to study about idioms because idioms are unique, used

in wide variety of contexts and situation.

There are some reasons why the researcher chose Harry Potter and the

Sorcerer’s Stone. First, it is because the story plays many fantasies and logic, also

it is considered as the best-seller book series in history. Besides, Harry Potter

series have been translated into 73 languages. Second, the novel contains

significant numbers of idiomatic expressions which become the data for this

research. Due to that reasons, the researcher choose Harry Potter and the

Sorcerer’s Stone as the source text of the study.

The phenomenon which attracts the attention of the researcher to study

about idiomatic expressions are the difficulties to translate idioms. For example

the idiom hung her head as stated in the table below

No. Data ST No. Data TT

25/ST/SS/178

Hermione hung her head. Harry was speechless. Hermione was the last person to

25/TT/BB/222

Hermione menunduk. Harry tak bisa bicara, Hermione, orang yang paling anti melanggar


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do anything against the rules,..

peraturan,..

Table 1.0. The Example of Idiomatic Expressions

From the data above, it shows that idiom cannot be translated “word for

word” because there is no relation between meaning and form of an idiom. Mona

Baker (1992:63) says that idiom carry meanings which cannot be deduced from

their individual components.

. According to Baker’s, the first difficulty is an idiom may have no

equivalent in the target language. Second, an idiom may have a similar

counterpart in the target language, but its context may be different. Third, an

idiom may be used in the source text in both its literal and idiomatic senses at the

same time and the last, the very convention of using idioms in written discourse,

the contexts in which they can be used, and their frequency of use may be

different in the source and target language (Baker,1992:68-70).

Therefore, to translate idioms translators should determine some strategies

to be applied. The use of certain strategies depend on the context in which idioms

are translated. Since it is difficult to translate idiom with idiom, a translator may

use non idiomatic translation to convey the meaning of target language. Because

there are many problems when dealing with idioms, the researcher focuses on

measuring the equivalence of idiom translations found in J.K.Rowling’s Harry

Potter and the Sorcerer’s Stone, also analyzing the strategies used to translate

idioms in J.K. Rowling’s Harry Potter and The Sorcerer’s Stone.


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B. Problem Formulation

Based on the background presented previously, there are two problems to be

analyzed, as follows:

1. What is the equivalence of the Indonesian translation of idioms in J.K

Rowling’s Harry Potter and The Sorcerer’s Stone based on Nida’s category?

2. What are the strategies applied to translate English idioms in J.K. Rowling’s

Harry Potter and The Sorcerer’s Stone into Indonesian ones?

C. Objectives of the Study

Based on the problem formulation that has been mentioned, the objectives

of the study is, first, to classify the equivalence of Indonesian translation of

idioms in J.K. Rowling’s Harry Potter dan Batu Bertuah.

Second, to analyze the strategies applied in translation of English idioms in

J.K. Rowling’s Harry Potter and The Sorcerer’s Stone in Baker’s category.

D. Definition of Terms

Idiomatic expressions, according to Peter Newmark in Approaches to

Translation, are defined as phrases or word-groups whose meaning cannot be

elicited from the separate meanings of each word of which they are formed.

(Newmark,1916:125)

Equivalence, according to J.C. Catford in A Linguistic: Translation

Theories; Translation equivalence occurs when a SL and a TL text or item are

relatable to same features of substance (Catford, 1965:50). It means that the TL


5

should carry the same message of the SL so that the meaning of SL is conveyed in

the TL.

Translation strategies, according to Hans Peter Krings, are defined as

translator’s potentially conscious plans for solving concrete translation problems

in the framework of a concrete translation task (Krings,1986:18)

According to Venuti (1998:240) as stated in Encyclopedia of Translation

Studies, indicates that translation strategies involve the basic task of choosing the

foreign text to be translated and developing a method to translate it.


CHAPTER II

REVIEW OF LITERATURE

This chapter covers three main parts : the review of related studies, the

review of related theories, and the theoretical framework. The first part includes

reviews of other studies which also discuss similar topic with this study. The

second part includes some theories that will help in accomplishing the analysis.

The theories used are theories about translations, including the strategies or the

techniques, also theories of idioms.

A. Review of Related Studies

Idiom translations deal with the translator’s ability to recognize and

interpret idioms because they are not always obvious. Therefore, in the study of

translation the cultural background, translation strategies and translation in the

target language becomes the main problems to be discussed. There are two related

studies that are connected with those problems

The first is “Idiomatic Expressions Found in Avril Lavigne’s Song Lyrics

and Their Meaning” by Lia Dewinta. The study is concerned with idioms

especially those which are found in Avril Lavigne’s song lyrics. The thesis

analyzes the forms and the meaning of idiomatic expressions found in the song

lyrics by using descriptive analysis. The object of her study is some songs from

the first and the third album of Avril Lavigne which consists of 7 songs. Those

songs mostly contain idiomatic expressions. The title of the songs are : “Losing

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Grip”, “My World”, “Nobody’s Fool”, “I Can Do Better”, “I Dont Have to Try”,

and “One of Those Girls”. She finds that idioms are classified into two categories,

the fixed and non-fixed idioms. Besides, she also finds out that when learning the

idiomatic expressions, the learners should not translate them literally because

some idioms cannot be literally translated to get their meaning. (Dewinta, 2008)

Dewinta’s thesis has the same object which is idiomatic expression, but the

differences lies on the focus on the meaning and the types of idiomatic

expressions, while her’s focuses on the strategy and equivalence of the translation

in novel.

The second is Nantang’s “Classification of Translation Strategies of Pure

Idioms in the Translation of Pramoedya’s Rumah Kaca into House of Glass by

Max Lane. The study discusses the equivalence of the applied strategies of pure

idiom translations in House of Glass, the English translation of Rumah Kaca by

Pramoedya Ananta Toer. In his study, Desidarius examines the applied strategies

for translation of pure idioms in Rumah Kaca which are translated in House of

Glass, also he classifies the applied strategies in terms of figurative and non

figurative usages to explain the equivalence and elaborate Baker’s theory of

translation strategy for idiom translation. The data of the study are concerned

with pure idioms. He uses the comparative method which was comparing the data

from one language to another language (Nantang,2010).

This study has the same object with Desidarius’ study which is idioms. Both

of them are analyzing the applied strategies with the same method by using

comparative method. The difference is Desidarius focuses on the translation


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strategies including the applied strategies in terms of figurative and non figurative

while this study does not only focus on the applied idiom translation strategies but

also focus on the equivalence of the idiom translations in Harry Potter and The

Sorcerer’s Stone.

B. Review of Related Theories

1. Theory of Translation

Translation has been defined in many different ways by some writers and

researchers in the field. According to Munday and Hatim (2004:3), translations

defined in two senses, the first sense as a process and the second as a product. The

first sense focuses on the role of the translator in taking the original or source text

(ST) and turning it into a text in another language (the target text, TT). The

second sense centres on the concrete translation product produced by translator.

Besides, Nida and Taber (1974: 12) say that translating consists in the receptor

language the closest natural equivalent of the source-language message, first in

terms of meaning and secondly in terms of style. Bassnett (2002:34) also said that

translation involves far more than replacement of lexical or grammatical items

between languages. Once the translator moves away from close equivalence, the

problems of determining the exact nature of the level of equivalence aimed for

begin to emerge.

In this research, the kind of translation is idiomatic translations. Larson

(1984:16) say that idiomatic translations use the natural forms of the receptor

language, both in the grammatical constuctions and in the choice of lexical items.


9

A truly idiomatic translation does not sound like a translation. It sounds like it was

written originally in the receptor language.

From the definitions above, it can be concluded that translation involves two

languages: the source language (SL) and the target language (TL) also translation

is a process of reproducing the meaning of the SL into TL text. And the

equivalence is the ‘central issue’ of translation studies which becomes the main

discussion of this research.

2. Theory of Equivalence

One of the problems when translating idioms is finding the accurate

equivalent.

According to Catford, translation equivalence occurs when a SL and a TL text or

item are relatable to same features of substance (Catford, 1965:50). It means that

the TL should carry the same message of the SL so that the meaning of SL is

conveyed in the TL.

According to Vinay and Darbelnet as stated in Introducing Translation

Studies they use the term “equivalence” to refer to cases where language describe

the same situation by different stylistic or structural means (Vinay and Darbelnet,

1995:38-9;2004:134). From the definitions above, it can be concluded that

equivalence is a case where SL and TL text carry the same meaning in the same

circumstances but in the different style and structural means so that equivalence

cannot be measured from their structure, but it can be measured through their


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meaning whether SL and TL are relatable or not. According to Nida, there are two

types of equivalence defined as follows :

a. Formal Equivalence

Formal equivalence focuses attention on the message itself on both form

and content. One is concerned that the message in the receptor language should

match as closely as possible the different elements in the source language. (Nida,

1964a:159). It means that formal equivalence is a “gloss” translation. It has a

close assessment to the ST structure which leads to the accuracy and correctness.

b. Dynamic Equivalence

Dynamic, or functional, equivalence is based on what Nida calls’ the

principle of equivalent effect’, where ‘the relationship between receptor and

message should subtantially the same as that which existed between the

original receptors and the message’ (Nida, 1964a:159). It means that dynamic

equivalence focuses on the naturalness of the translation. To achieve the

naturalness, the adaptations of grammar, lexicon, and of cultural references are

needed.

For Nida, the success of translation depends above all on achieving

equivalent response. It is one of ‘four basic requirements of translation’, which are

a.) making sense; b.) conveying the spirit and manner of the original; c.) having a

natural and easy form of expression; d.) producing a similar response. (Nida,

1964a:164)


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3. Theory of Idioms

Idioms, according to Peter Newmark in Approaches to Translation, are

defined as phrases or word-groups whose meaning cannot be elicited from the

separate meanings of each word of which they are formed. Idioms never

translated word for word because they are either colloquial or slang, it is often

difficult to find a target language equivalent with the same degree of informality.

An idiom or fixed expression may have no equivalent in the target language.

The way a language chooses to express, or not express, various meanings cannot

be predicted and only occasionally matches the way another language chooses to

express the same meanings (Baker, 1992:68).

To determine the applied strategy used in translating idiomatic expressions,

the understanding of idiom’s form is needed. Therefore the researcher using

Fernando theory to classify the form of idioms. According to Fernando (1995:35-

36), idioms can be grouped into three sub-classes :

a. Pure Idioms

A pure idiom is a type of conventionalized, non-literal multiword expression

whose meaning cannot be understood by adding up the meanings of the words

that make up the phrase. For example the expression spill the beans is a pure

idiom, because its real meaning has nothing to do with beans.

b. Semi Idioms

A semi-pure, on the other hand, has at least one literal element and one with

a non-literal meaning. For example Foot the bill (i.e. pay) is one example of a


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semi-idiom, in which foot is the non-literal element, whereas the word bill is used

literally.

c. Literal Idiom

Literal idioms, such as on foot or on the contrary are semantically less

complex than the other two, and therefore easier to understand even if one is not

familiar with these expressions. These expressions may be considered idioms

because they are either completely invariant or allow only restricted variation

From all the definitions above, it is clear that idiom is a phrase or sentence

whose meaning is not predictable, and cannot be deduced from its constituent

words, so that it must be learnt as a whole or unity.

4. Theory of Phrasal Verbs

According to Leech and Svartvik in A Communicative Grammar of

English, phrasal verbs are defined as the combination of verb and adverb.

(Leech and Svartvik, 1975:263). Quirk and Greenbaum (1973:348) say that the

meaning of the combination cannot be predicted from the meanings of the verb

and particle in isolation, for example catch on (=”understand”), give in

(=”surrender”). Phrasal verbs also can take an object. The adverb can either

come before or follow a noun object, for example:

a. they turned on the light or

b. they turned the light on.

In some cases phrasal verbs with objects look identical to verbs followed

by a prepositional phrase, for example:


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a. They ran over the bridge (=’crossed the bridge by running’). (Verb

+Preposition)

b. They ran over the cat (=’knocked down and passed over’). (Phrasal

Verb)

5. Theory of Translation Strategy

Translation strategy also can be described as translation techniques, for

example Mona Baker uses the term techniques instead of strategies but the

proposes are the same. Technique is a method of doing or performing something

whereas strategy is a plan to accomplish a spesific goal.

According to Krings, translation strategies defined as translator’s potentially

conscious plans for solving concrete translation problems in the framework of a

concrete translation task (Krings, 1986:18).

Moreover, according to Venuti (1998:240) as stated in Encyclopedia of

Translation Studies, indicates that translation strategies involve the basic task of

choosing the foreign text to be translated and developing a method to translate it.

There are many translation strategies to translate a text. Every translator

uses different strategies since people have different understanding of text. This -

research uses Mona Baker’s theory of translation strategies to translate idiomatic

expressions. Idioms, can be described as multiword expressions. It may have

distinctive form but the meaning are the same.

According to Mona Baker (1992:72) these are some strategies that can be

used to translate idioms


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a. Using an idiom of similar meaning and form

In the target language which conveys roughly the same meaning as that of

the source-language idiom, and in addition, consist of equivalent lexical items

(Baker,1992:72).

b. Using an idiom of similar meaning but dissimilar form

It is often possible to find an idiom or fixed expression in the target language

which has a meaning similar to that of the source idiom or expression but which

consists of different lexical items.(Baker, 1992:74)

c. Translation by paraphrase

This is by far the most common way of translating idioms when an equivalent

cannot be found in the target language or when it seems inappropriate to use

idiomatic language in the target text because of differences in stylistic preferences

of the source and target language. (Baker, 1992:74)

d. Translation by omission

As with single words, an idiom may sometimes be ommited altogether in

the target text. It is because it has no close equivalent in the target language, its

meaning cannot be easily paraphrased, or for stylistic reasons (Baker, 1992:77)

C. Theoretical Framework

In this analysis there are two questions in problem formulation that will

become the main discussion. The first question is about the equivalence of the

Indonesian translation of idioms in J.K Rowling’s Harry Potter and The

Sorcerer’s Stone and second is about the applied strategies to translate English

idioms in J.K. Rowling’s Harry Potter and The Sorcerer’s Stone into Indonesian


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idioms in J.K Rowling’s Harry Potter and The Sorcerer’s Stone. The theories

mentioned in the related theories will be used to answer all the questions in

problem formulation.

Theories of idioms which explain about the definitions and characteristics of

idioms will be used to answer both questions. These theories are useful because

by understanding the definitions and characteristics of idioms, also with combined

with the understanding of translation theories, the writer can analyze the

translation of idiom in the novel. Also, by understanding the equivalence in

translation helps the researcher answer the first question, measuring the

equivalence of idiom translations in Harry Potter and The Sorcerer’s Stone. The

theories of translation strategies or techniques used to define the strategies that

applied in Harry Potter and The Sorcerer’s Stone novel.


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CHAPTER III

METHODOLOGY

A. Areas of Research

The area of this research is from text analysis and the translation especially

the target analysis. It focuses on the analysis of the target text and examines the

various aspects which might be the cause of translation problems.

The analysis of translated texts involves the textual comparison of a

translation with its original (William and Chesterman, 2002:6). This method of

this study consists of data collection and data analysis.

B. Object of the Study

The main object of this study are idiomatic expressions in J.K Rowling’s

novel Harry Potter and the Sorcerer’s Stone as the source text and Indonesian

translation in Harry Potter dan Batu Bertuah as the target text. The two types of

idiomatic expressions analyzed in this research are idioms and phrasal verbs.

C. Method of the Study

The library research is applied as the method of this study, which means that

all the data used in this study were collected from written materials, such as

dictionaries, novels, theses, journals, books of relevant theories and online

references. The comparison method also used in this research in order to compare


16

both data, which are idiomatic expressions from the source text and their

translation so that the writer can analyzing the applied strategy and finding the

equivalent between them.

D. Research Procedures

1. Types of Data

The data which are idiomatic expressions were taken from Harry Potter and

The Sorcerer’s Stone as the source text and Harry Potter dan Batu Bertuah as the

target text. The translated original novel was written by J.K Rowling and the

Indonesian version was translated by Listiana Srisanti. The novel consists of 17

chapters and 309 pages, while the Indonesian version consists of 17 chapters and

384 pages translated by Listiana Srisanti.

There are 120 idioms found in both of Harry Potter and the Sorcerer’s

Stone versions, English and Indonesian version. The data were put in the table and

divided into two categories, idioms and phrasal verbs so that it is easier to

identifiy the applied strategy in each phrase.

2. Data Collection

Firstly, the researcher started to read the theories about idioms/idiomatic

expression in order to understand it as the data of this study so that s/he can

identify and determine idioms in Harry Potter and The Sorcerer’s Stone (ST).

Then, the researcher collected phrases or sentences that connected with idiomatic

expressions in source text. The researcher also categorized the phrases into two


17

types, idioms and phrasal verbs then put them into the table. The next step was

comparing the data with their translation in Harry Potter dan Batu Bertuah (TT)

so that there are two main data collected in this study, first is the phrases

connected to idiomatic expressions in ST and second is their translation in TT.

3. Population and Sample

The population of this study are the phrases or sentences which contain

idiomatic expressions in Harry Potter and The Sorcerer’s Stone. The total

population size is 120 data. There are 12 data purposively selected from the

population to be analyzed. They were chosen not based on the amount of data but

to represent each form of those Indonesian translation of idioms. This sample

selection is called internal sampling (Sutopo, 2002:55) because qualitative is

concerned in this study.

4. Data Analysis

In order to make a good and valid research, the writer should have some

steps to do the analysis to answer the problems and make the conclusion for the

problems.

The first step is the researcher read some theories to understand about what

idiomatic expression is. In this case, the idiom theories from Baker, Fernando

Chitra, Newmark, Larson are used. These theories were used because from their

interpretation about idioms, the researcher can identify and determine the pure

idioms in Harry Potter and The Sorcerer’s Stone (ST), also to find out the


18

categories of idioms. After that, the researcher consults Oxford Advanced

Learner’s Dictionary and Dictionary of Idiom.

Then, the researcher put all of the data (phrases or sentences of pure idioms

in ST and their translation in TT) in the table in order to identify the equivalence

and the applied strategies of idiom translations. The researcher classifies the

equivalence of Indonesian translation of idioms by using Nida’s theory of

equivalence.

Table 1.1. The Example of Equivalence Data Analysis

No.Data ST No.Data TT E

1/ST/SS/I/4

Come to think of it, he wasn’t even sure his nephew was called Harry

1/TT/BB/P/11

Kalau dipikir-pikir lagi, dia malah tidak yakin keponakannya bernama Harry

F

in which,

1 : the number of the data in the population

ST : Source Text

SS : the novel’s title Harry Potter and the Sorcerer’s Stone

4 : the page number of the novel

TT : Target Text

BB : the novel’s title Harry Potter dan Batu Bertuah

I : Idioms

P : Phrasal Verbs

E : equivalence

F : Formal equivalence


19

D : Dynamic equivalence

The next step is to analyze the applied strategies used in those idiom

translations by using Mona Baker’s theory of translation strategies for idioms. In

this step the writer also preceded the table in each strategy like the example below

Table 1.2. The Example of Applied Strategies Data Analysis

No.Data ST No.Data TT S

45/ST/SS/P/307

Notes were handed out to all students, warning them not to use magic over the holidays

43/TT/BB/P/380

Pesan dibagikan kepada semua murid, memperingatkan mereka agar tidak menggunakan sihir selama liburan

1

in which,

45 : the number of the data in the population

307 : the page number of the novel

S : translation strategy

1 : the code of Mona Baker’s translation strategy, the first type of Baker’s strategy 2 : the code of Mona Baker’s translation strategy, the second type of Baker’s strategy 3 : the code of Mona Baker’s translation strategy, the third type of Baker’s strategy.


CHAPTER IV

ANALYSIS RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS

There are two sections of analysis in this study. The first section is to find

out the equivalence of Indonesian translation of idiomatic expressions. There are

12 data samples to be analyzed based on Nida and Taber’s theory of equivalence.

The second section discusses the applied strategies which is used to translate

English idioms in J.K Rowling’s Harry Potter and The Sorcerer’s Stone. The

translation strategies suggested by Mona Baker are used to determine the

strategies applied in translating the idiomatic expressions.

A. The Equivalence of Idiomatic Expressions

In this first section the researcher focuses on analyzing the equivalence of

idiomatic expression. According to Nida and Taber, there are two types of

equivalence. There are formal and dynamic equivalence. Formal equivalence is

when the target text has the closest meaning and same value with the source text

at the level word or phrase. It focuses on the message itself, both of the content

and the form. Formal equivalence has a close assessment to the ST structure

which leads to the accuracy and correctness, while dynamic equivalence focuses

on the naturalness of the translation. To achieve the naturalness, the adaptations of

grammar, lexicon, and of cultural references are needed.

In this research, there are two types of idiomatic expressions to be analyzed.

20


21

Based on the data, the idiomatic expression found in the source text Harry

Potter and The Sorcerer’s Stone is divided into two types, idioms and phrasal

verbs. Phrasal verb is the combination of verb plus adverb or preposition

(particle). The meaning of these combination cannot be predicted from the

meanings of the verb and particle in isolation(Quirk and Greenbaum (1973:348).

Idiom is semantically like a single word but it does not function like one. A large

number of idioms contain a verb and a noun, but although the verb may be placed

in the past tense, the number of the noun can never be changed (Palmer 2001:80).

The researcher narrows down the number of data into 5 idioms and 7 phrasal

verbs so that the selected data can be analyzed in more detail. The samples of data

are purposively chosen by the researcher to limit the data to be analyzed.

In order to answer the second problem of this research, the researcher

classifies each selected data into two types of equivalence based on Nida and

Taber’s theories. The following chart is the result of data classification of formal

and dynamic equivalence.

Based on the data, there are 4 formal equivalence and 8 dynamic equivalence

from total 12 selected data. It shows that the equivalence of idiomatic expressions

translated in Harry Potter dan Batu Bertuah is mostly dynamic equivalence.

The further explanation of how Nida and Taber’s theories are applied is given

as follows :


22

1. The Formal Equivalence of Idiomatic Expressions

Formal equivalence is when the target text has the closest meaning and

same value with the source text at the level word or phrase. It focuses on the

message itself, both of the content and the form. Formal equivalence has a close

assessment to the ST structure which leads to the accuracy and correctness

Data number 28

No. Data ST No. Data TT E

28/ST/SS/P/207

He squeezed through it,holding his breath, trying not to move it, and to his relief he managed to get inside the room without their noticing anything

28/TT/BB/P/258

Dia menyelinap masuk, menahan napas,berusaha tidak menyenggol pintu,dan betapa leganya ketika dia berhasil masuk tanpa Snape dan Filch menyadarinya

F

Holding has many meanings depends on the context. In the context above,

holding refer to keep. Based on Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary it means

keep something at the same level, rate, or speed,or keep something so that it can

be used later. In the target text, “menahan” is from the word “tahan” which means

in the state of steady, and “menahan napas” means to stop breathing for a few

moments, so that “menahan napas” is the correct translation of idiom of holding

breath.


23

Data number 21


70/ST/SS/P/235

"Isn't he beautiful?" Hagrid murmured. He reached out a hand to stroke the dragon's head.

70/TT/BB/P/292

“Cantik,ya?” Hagrid bergumam. Dia menjulurkan tangannya untuk membelai kepala naga

F

Based on Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary, the word reach in the

context above means to stretch a hand toward something in order to touch it, pick

it up or etc. “Mengulurkan” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia means to stretch a

hand to touch something. The data is formal equivalence because both of them

have similar meaning which is to stretch a hand in order to touch something, and

also the translation was using a close assessment to the structure of ST. That is

why in the TT the data is closely match and accurate with the meaning of the ST.

Data number 49


49/ST/SS/298 Harry lay there, lost for words. Dumbledore hummed a little and smiled at the ceiling.

49/TT/BB/367

Harry terbaring diam, kehabisan kata-kata. Dumbledore bersenandung kecil dan tersenyum ke arah langit-langit.

F

The definition of lost for words in Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary is

to be so surprised, confused,etc, that you do not know what to say. Based on

Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, “kehabisan” means “tidak ada yang tinggal lagi”


24

or in English there is nothing left so that “kehabisan kata-kata” means that there is

nothing left to say. This meaning is similar with the meaning of lost of words,

which is dont know what to say. Lost itself according to Oxford Advanced

Learner’s Dictionary has many different definition depends on the context. In this

case, lost refers to cannot be found or cannot be brought back. Due to that, lost for

words similar with cannot find any words. The explanation of the content and also

the structure of the data above shows that it has formal equivalence.

Data number 51


51/ST/SS/P/303 Hagrid looked too big to be allowed. He sat down next to Harry, took one look at him, and burst into tears.

51/TT/BB/P/374 Hagrid tampak terlalu besar. Dia duduk di sebelah Harry, memandangnya, lalu langsung menangis.

F

Burst into tears according to Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary, is

suddenly began to cry. Burst itself based on Oxford Advanced Learner’s

Dictionary means to go or move somewhere suddenly with great force; to come

from somewhere suddenly. In the TT, burst into tears translated into “langsung

menangis” which has closest message with the data in ST. Based on Kamus Besar

Bahasa Indonesia, “langsung” means “terus (tidak dengan perantaraan, tidak

berhenti, dsb)” or in English is straight (directly without intermediaries, does not

stop). The definition of “langsung” and burst into have similar message, both of

them is go or move somewhere suddenly, without intermediaries. Due to the

explanation before, the form and content of both data are closely match.


25

2. The Dynamic Equivalence of Idiomatic Expressions

Dynamic equivalence focuses on the naturalness of the translation. To achieve

the naturalness, the adaptations of grammar, lexicon, and of cultural references are

needed.

Data number 6


54/ST/SS/I/5 Mr.Dursley stood rooted to the spot. He had been hugged by a complete stranger

54/TT/BB/P/12

Mr.Dursley berdiri terpaku di tempatnya. Dia baru saja dipeluk oleh orang yang sama sekali asing.

D

According to Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary, rooted means fixed in

one place; not moving or changing. “Terpaku” according to Kamus Besar Bahasa

Indonesia it is defined as “berdiri tidak bergerak-gerak” (not moving). The data is

dynamic equivalence because rooted is not literally translated into “berakar or

berpancang”. Rooted in the context has idiomatic meaning which cannot be

translated with literal meaning so that the translator adjust the meaning of the ST

by using “terpaku”.


26

Data number 18


18/ST/SS/P41

But we're not telling you what was in there, so keep your noses out if you know what's good for you.

18/ST/BB/P/77

Tetapi kami tidak akan memberitahukan apa yang ada di sana. Jadi, lebih baik jangan ikut campur kalau anda tahu yang terbaik untuk Anda

D

Keep your noses out based on Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary

means to try not become involved in things that do not concern you. “Ikut

campur” is the synonym of “campur tangan” which based on Kamus Besar

Bahasa Indonesia means “turut mencampuri (memasuki) perkara orang lain” or in

English get into others business. Both keep your noses out and “ikut campur” are

idioms so that they cannot be translated by “word-for-word”. The data has

dynamic equivalence because the translator using the adjusment “campur tangan”

to correspond the meaning of ST so that the meaning of the ST can be conveyed.

.Data number 4


4/ST/SS/I/10

But that’s no reason to lose our heads

4/TT/BB/P/18

Tapi itu bukan alasan bagi kita untuk lupa diri

D

Lose our heads/lose one’s head in English Idioms Dictionary means to

behave irrationally or to lose one’s self-control, especially in a distressing

situation. “Lupa diri” based on Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia means “tidak


27

sadar akan dirinya” (unconscious with her/himself). The meaning are similar

because “lupa diri” interpreted the whole message of lose our heads, to behave

irrationally is the same with nonsense, which related to “lupa diri”. The data has a

dyanamic equivalence because the lose our heads is an idiom, while the

translation in the TT is not an idiom. The ST cannot be translated with literal

meaning, so that the translator uses “lupa diri” to achieve the meaning of the ST.

Data number 26


26/ST/SS/P/197

"Oh yeah, you're right," said Ron, tearing his eyes away from Professor Flitwick, who had golden bubbles blossoming out of his wand

26/TT/BB/P/244

“Oh yeah, kau benar”,kata Ron dengan susah payah mengalihkan pandangannya dari Profesor Flitwick yang membuat gelembung-gelembung emas bermunculan dari ujung tongkatnya

D

Tearing something away in Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary is

defined as could not stop looking at someone or something; to take something

away from somewhere. “susah payah mengalihkan pandangannya” as the

adjusment to correspond the meaning of tearing something away. The data above

has dynamic equivalence because the ST has idiomatic meaning which cannot be

translated with literal meaning. Instead of using the literal translation like

“merobek matanya” the translator uses “susah payah mengalihkan pandangannya”

to correspond the meaning of the ST. Based on Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia,


28

“susah payah” means “sangat sukar” (much effort), therefore “susah payah

mengalihkan pandangan” means stop looking at someone with so much effort

Data number 36


89/ST/SS/P/268

"Hanging around like this, people will think you're up to something. And Gryffindor really can't afford to lose any more points, can it?"

89/TT/BB/P/333

“Kasak-kusuk” begini,orang-orang akan mengira kalian hendak berbuat sesuatu. Dan riskan sekali bagi Gryffindor kalau kehilangan angka lebih banyak lagi,kan?”

D

Hanging around based on Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary means to

wait or stay near a place, not doing very much. Hang around usually translated

into “berkeliaran” in Indonesian but in this case it becomes “kasak-kusuk”.

“Kasak-kusuk” based on Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia means influencing

others secretly with a specific purpose (usually done by whispering). In this

context, Harry and his friends are about planning something and they are

whispering to each other so that no one can hear them but suddenly Snape turns

up. Due to the context explained above “kasak-kusuk” is more natural because it

describes the detail of the situation of the context. If it was translated into

“berkeliaran”, then the reader might think it means hanging around without any

purpose.


29

Data number 22


22/ST/SS/171

Professor Flitwick put the class into pairs to practice. Harry's partner was Seamus Finnigan (which was a relief, because Neville had been trying to catch his eye)

22/TT/BB/P/213

Profesor Flitwick membagi mereka berpasang-pasangan untuk berlatih. Partner Harry adalah Seamus Finnigan (dia lega, karena Neville dari tadi sudah berusaha memberi kode dengan matanya)

D

The idiom catch his (someone) eye in Oxford Advanced Learner’s

Dictionary means to attract someone’s attention. According to Kamus Besar

Bahasa Indonesia “kode” means “tulisan atau tanda yang disepakati untuk

maksud tertentu”. Therefore “memberi kode dengan matanya” means giving a

sign (to someone) which has same purpose to attract someone’s attention. The

data has dynamic equivalence because the translation of the ST is not using literal

meaning from the ST. By using “memberi kode dengan matanya” the meaning of

the ST is conveyed.

Data number 23


20/ST/SS/I/157

Harry took out his wand in case Malfoy leapt in and started at once. The minutes crept by. "He's late, maybe he's

20/TT/BB/I/197

Harry mengeluarkan tongkatnya, siapa tahu Malfoy melompat masuk

D


30

chickened out," Ron whispered.

dan langsung menyerang. “Dia terlambat, mungkin tidak berani datang” bisik Ron.

Based on Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary, chicken out means

decide not to do something because you are afraid. In the context Harry Potter

and Ron are waiting for Malfoy, the person who they hate the most. They had

promised to come up and do the dueling wizard with Malfoy but there is no sign

that he will come. The data above has the dynamic equivalence because the

translation is not just explain about being afraid of something, but it also explain

the context in the story so that the meaning of the ST is more understandable.

Data number 29


29/ST/SS/218

"You've got to stand up to him, Neville!" said Ron. "He's used to walking all over people, but that's no reason to lie down in front of him and make it easier."

29/TT/BB/271

“Kau harus berani menghadapinya, Neville!” kata Ron. “Dia terbiasa berbuat semena-mena terhadap orang lain, tetapi itu bukan alasan bagi kita untuk menyerah dan tidak menyulitkannya”

D

According to English Idioms Dictionary, walk all over means to dominate

a person or a group; to have a person take a submissive or inferior role. “Berbuat


31

semena-mena” which is in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia defined as “sewenang-

wenang; tidak berimbang”. The data above has dynamic equivalence because the

ST is an idiom while the translation in TT is not an idiom. By using the word

“sewenang-wenang” the message of the ST is become understandable, it conveys

the message of ST i.e to have a person take a submissive or inferior role.

B. The Applied Strategies of Idiom Translations

One of difficulties in translating idioms is they may have no equivalent in the

target language .Idioms have various meaning that cannot be predicted meanings

and occasionally matches the way another language chooses to express the same

meanings (Baker,1992:81). In this study, the researcher was using Baker’s

strategy to determine the applied strategy in translating idiomatic expressions.

According to Baker, there are four strategies that can be used to translate idioms.

The first is by using an idiom of similar meaning and form, second is by using an

idiom of similar meaning but dissimilar form, third is translation by paraphrase,

and fourth is translation by omission.

The researcher classifies all the data into four strategies based on Baker’s

theories. However, the strategy of translation by omission is not found in the

research, therefore it does not listed on the chart.

The following chart is the classification of strategies applied in translating

idiomatic expressions :


32

0

2

4

6

8

10Using an idiom ofsimilar meaning andform

Using an idiom ofsimilar meaning butdissimilar form

Translation byparaphrase

Table 2.3. The Percentage of Strategies Applied in Translating Idiomatic Expressions

Based on the data in the chart above, the strategy which is the most widely

used in translating idiomatic expressions in this research is translation by

paraphrase. From 12 data selected, there are 9 data using the strategy of

paraphrase, 2 data use an idiom of similar meeaning but dissimilar form, and 1

data uses an idiom of similar meaning and form.

The further explanation of how Baker’s theories are applied is given as

follows :

1. Using an idiom of similar meaning and form

In this translation strategy, the target language conveys the same meaning

as that of the source-language idiom and consists of equivalent lexical items.

Data number 6

No. Data ST No. Data TT S

54/ST/SS/I/5 Mr.Dursley stood rooted to the spot. He had been hugged by a complete stranger

54/TT/BB/P/12


1


33

Both of the data number 6 have similar meaning. According to Oxford

Advanced Learner’s Dictionary, rooted means fixed in one place; not moving or

changing and “terpaku” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia is defined as “berdiri

tidak bergerak-gerak”(not moving). Their forms are also similar as semi idioms

idioms, because they have one literal element and one with non-literal meaning i.e

stood as literal element and rooted as non-literal meaning as well as in the idiom

“berdiri terpaku”. An idiom “berdiri terpaku” in Indonesian is from the same

origin of an English idiom stood rooted to the spot.

2. Using an idiom of similar meaning but dissimilar form

In this strategy, the target language has a similar meaning to the source idiom

or expression but consists of different lexical items.

Data number 4

No.Data ST No.Data TT S

4/ST/SS/1/I/0


4/TT/BB/P/18


2

Lose our heads/lose one’s head in English Idioms Dictionary means to

behave irrationally or to lose one’s self-control, especially in a distressing

situation. “Lupa diri” based on Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia means “tidak

sadar akan dirinya” (unconscious with her/himself). The meaning are similar

because “lupa diri” interpreted the whole message of lose our heads, to behave

irrationally is the same with nonsense, which related to “lupa diri”. But both of


34

them are in the dissimilar form, lose our heads is pure idiom while “lupa diri” is

literal idiom.

Data number 18


18/ST/SS/I/141 But we're not telling you what was in there, so keep your noses out if you know what's good for you

18/ST/BB/P/177

Tetapi kami tidak akan memberitahukan apa yang ada di sana. Jadi, lebih baik jangan ikut campur kalau anda tahu yang terbaik untuk Anda

2

Based on Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary the idiom keep your

noses out means to try not become involved in things that do not concern you.

“Ikut campur” which is the synonim of “campur tangan” according to Kamus

Besar Bahasa Indonesia is defined as “turut mencampuri (memasuki) urusan

orang lain” (being involved into someone’s business). Their meaning are similar

because they are both defined as not being involved into someone’s business.

They also have dissimilar form because keep your noses out is pure idiom (its

meaning has nothing to do with noses) while “ikut campur” is literal idiom.

3. Translation by paraphrase

This translation is often used when an equivalent cannot be found in the

target language or when it seems inappropriate to use idiomatic language in the

target text because of differences in stylistic preferences of the source and target

language.


35

Data number 20


20/ST/SS/I/157

Harry took out his wand in case Malfoy leapt in and started at once. The minutes crept by. "He's late, maybe he's chickened out," Ron whispered.

20/TT/BB/P/197

Harry mengeluarkan tongkatnya, siapa tahu Malfoy melompat masuk dan langsung menyerang. “Dia terlambat, mungkin tidak berani datang” bisik Ron.

3

Based on Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary, chicken out means

decide not to do something because you are afraid. In the context, Harry Potter

and Ron are waiting for Malfoy, the person who they hate the most. They had

promised to come up and do the dueling wizard with Malfoy but there is no sign

that he will come. Therefore, to adjust the translation of the ST the translator uses

“tidak berani datang” in order to achieve the meaning of chickened out.

Data number 49


49/ST/SS/I/298

Harry lay there, lost for words. Dumbledore hummed a little and smiled at the ceiling.

49/TT/BB/P/367


3

Lost for words according to Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary is

defined as to be so surprised or confused that you do not know what to say. In

Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, “kehabisan” means “sudah habis (terpakai atau

terjual);kehilangan”. Therefore “kehabisan kata-kata” means there is nothing left


36

to say. It used by the translator to conveys the meaning of the idiom lost for words

because the meaning is similar with the idiom, although “kehabisan kata-kata” is

not an idiom but it roughly corresponds to the the meaning of the idiom.

Data number 42


28/ST/SS/P/207


28/TT/BB/P/258


3

Holding has many meanings depends on the context. In the context above,

holding refer to keep. Based on Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary it means

keep something at the same level, rate, or speed,or keep something so that it can

be used later. In the target text, “menahan” is from the word “tahan” which means

in the state of steady, and “menahan napas” means to stop breathing for a few

moments. Therefore, the translator uses “menahan napas” to correspond the

meaning of the ST.


37

Data number 29

No. Data ST No. Data

TT S

29/ST/SS/I/218


29/TT/BB/P/271


3

According to English Idioms Dictionary, walk all over means to dominate

a person or a group;to have a person take a submissive or inferior role. To

correspond the meaning of walking all over the translator uses “berbuat semena-

mena” which is in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia defined as “sewenang-wenang;

tidak berimbang”, it conveys the message of ST i.e to have a person take a

submissive or inferior role.

Data number 26

No, Data

ST No. Data

TT S

26/ST/SS/I/197


26/TT/BB/P/244


3

Tearing something away in Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary is

defined as could not stop looking at someone or something; to take something


38

away from somewhere. The translator uses “susah payah mengalihkan

pandangannya” as the adjusment to correspond the meaning of tearing something

away. Based on Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, susah payah means “sangat

sukar” (much effort), therefore “susah payah mengalihkan pandangan” means stop

looking at someone with so much effort which carries the same meaning of ST.

Data number 33


70/ST/SS/P/235


70/TT/BB/P/292


3

Based on Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary, the word reach in the

context above means to stretch a hand toward something in order to touch it, pick

it up or etc. “Mengulurkan” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia means to stretch a

hand to touch something. Therefore, the translator uses “menjulurkan tangannya”

to correspond the meaning of the ST.

Data number 19


36/ST/SS/P/268


36/TT/BB/P/333

“Kasak-kusuk begini,orang-orang akan mengira kalian hendak berbuat sesuatu. Dan riskan sekali bagi Gryffindor kalau kehilangan angka lebih banyak lagi,kan?”

3


39

Hanging around based on Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary means

to wait or stay near a place, not doing very much. Hang around usually translated

into “berkeliaran” in Indonesian but in this case it becomes “kasak-kusuk”.

“Kasak-kusuk” based on Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia means influencing

others secretly with a specific purpose (usually done by whispering). Due to the

context that has been mentioned before, the translator uses “kasak-kusuk” as the

translation of the ST to achieved the current meaning. “Kasak-kusuk” is more

relatable to the context.

Data number 22


22/ST/SS/I/171


22/TT/BB/P/213


3

The idiom catch his (someone) eye in Oxford Advanced Learner’s

Dictionary means to attract someone’s attention. According to Kamus Besar

Bahasa Indonesia “kode” means “tulisan atau tanda yang disepakati untuk

maksud tertentu”. Therefore “memberi kode dengan matanya” means giving a

sign (to someone) which has same purpose to attract someone’s attention. The

paraphrase is used as the interpretation of the translator to adapt the message of

the data in ST.


40

Data number 52


51/ST/SS/I/303

Hagrid looked too big to be allowed. He sat down next to Harry, took one look at him, and burst into tears.

51/TT/BB/P/374

Hagrid tampak terlalu besar. Dia duduk di sebelah Harry, memandangnya, lalu langsung menangis.

3

Burst into tears according to Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary, is

suddenly began to cry. Burst itself based on Oxford Advanced Learner’s

Dictionary means to go or move somewhere suddenly with great force; to come

from somewhere suddenly. In the TT, burst into tears translated into “langsung

menangis” which has closest message with the data in ST. Based on Kamus Besar

Bahasa Indonesia, “langsung” means “terus (tidak dengan perantaraan, tidak

berhenti, dsb)” or in English is straight (directly without intermediaries, does not

stop). The definition of “langsung” and burst into have similar message, both of

them is go or move somewhere suddenly, without intermediaries. Burst into tears

is a literal idiom therefore the translator using “langsung menangis” as the

translation of ST in order to adjust the meaning of the ST.


CHAPTER V

CONCLUSION

The aim of this research was to identify the equivalence of Indonesian

translation of idioms and analyze the applied strategies in Harry Potter and The

Sorcerer’s Stone. There were total 120 data found in the research and 12 data were

selected to be analyzed.

In classifying idiomatic expressions into the types of equivalence, Nida and

Taber’s theories were used in this research. There are two types of equivalence, they

are formal and dynamic equivalence.

The result shows that from 12 selected data, there are 4 data were using formal

equivalence and 8 data were using dynamic equivalence. Based on the data result,

dynamic equivalence is the most widely used in the idiomatic translations of Harry

Potter and The Sorcerer’s Stone.

Larson (1984:10) says that idiomatic translations use the natural forms of the

receptor language, both in the grammatical constructions and in choice of lexical

items, that it is why the dynamic equivalence are frequently used in the translation

because it focuses on naturalness.

In the case of the applied strategies in idiomatic translations, Baker’s strategies

were used. In this research there are three strategies used to analyze the applied

strategies, first is using an idiom of similar meaning and form, second, is using an

idiom of similar meaning but dissimilar form, third, is translation by paraphrase. The


chart shows that the highest number of the strategy used in the research is translation

by paraphrase with 9 data. The rest were the strategy using an idiom of similar

meaning but dissimilar form with 2 data and using an idiom of similar meaning and

form with 1 data. This result proves that the translator mostly use translation by

paraphrase strategy in the idiomatic translations in Harry Potter and The Sorcerer’s

Stone. It also confirms that the translation using the similar idiom in the different

language is rarely found.

To conclude, the translation of idiomatic expressions in Harry Potter and The

Sorcerer’s Stone mostly uses the dynamic equivalence. It means that idiomatic

translation has the purpose to receive the naturalness of the translation, through the

natural form of the target language. The naturalness in here means that the translation

does not sound like a translation. The researcher concludes that the important thing

in translating idiomatic expression is the meaning of the source language has to be

delivered in the target language, although the form of the text is not the same. The

strategy which is mostly used in this research is translation by paraphrase. By using

paraphrase, the meaning of the source text is received in the target text so that the

translation is more understandable.


43

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Baker, Mona. In Other Words: A coursebook on translation. London: Routledge, 1992.

Bassnett,Susan. Translation Studies. London and New York: Routledge, 2002.

Bell, Roger.T. Translation and Translating: Theory and Practice. London and New York: Longman, 1991. Catford, John C. A Linguistic Theory of Translation: An Essay in Applied Linguistics. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1965 Collins, V.H. A Book of English Idioms. London: Longmans, Green and Co Ltd., 1958.

Dewinta, Lia. Idiomatic Expressions Found in Avril Lavigne’s Song Lyrics and Their . Meaning. Semarang: Semarang State University, 2008

Fernando, Chitra. Idiom and Idiomaticity. New York: Oxford University Press: 1996.

Hatim, Basil. Teaching and Researching Translation. London: Pearson Education Limited, 2001. Hatim. B and J. Munday. Translation: An advance resource book. New York:

Routledge,2004.

Hornby,A.S. Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2000.

Krings, H.P. (1986). Translation problems and translation strategies of advanced German learners of French. In J. House, & S. Blum-Kulka (Eds.),Interlingual and intercultural communication (pp. 263-75). Tubingen: Gunter Narr,1986.

Larson, Mildred.L. Meaning-Based Translation: A Guide to Cross-Language Equivalence. Lanham: University Press of America,1984. Leech G.and J.Svartvik. A Communicative Grammar of English. London:Longman,1975. Munday, Jeremy. Introducing Translation Studies: Theories and Application 2nd Edition. London and New York:Routledge, 2008. Newmark, Peter. Approaches to Translation. Oxford: Pergammon Press Ltd., 1981.

Nida, Eugene A. and Taber, Charles R. The Theory and Practice of Translation. Leiden: United Bible Societies, 1974.


44

Rianantang, Cylas Desidarius. Classification of Translation Strategies of Pure Idioms in the Translation of Pramoedya’s Rumah Kaca into House of Glass by Max Lane. Yogyakarta: University of Sanata Dharma, 2010.

Rowling, J.K. Harry Potter and The Sorcerer’s Stone. United States: Scholastic Inc.,1998. Rowling, J.K. Harry Potter dan Batu Bertuah. Jakarta: PT. Gramedia Pustaka Utama, 2000.

Sutopo H.B. Metodologi Penelitian Kualitatif. Surakarta: Sebelas Maret University Press, 2002. Terban, Marvin. Dictionary of Idioms. New York: Scholastic Inc.,2006. Venuti, L. (1998). “Strategies of Translation” in M. Baker (Ed.), Encyclopedia of translation studies (pp. 240-244). London and New York: Routledge,1998. William J. and A. Chesterman. The Map: A Beginner’s Guide to Doing in Translation Studies. Manchester: St. Jerome Publishing, 2002. Quirk R.and S.Greenbaum. A University Grammar of English. Essex: Longman,1973.


No.Data ST No.Data TT E S

1/ST/SS/I//4

Come to think of it, he wasn’t even sure his nephew was called Harry

1/TT/BB/P/11

Kalau dipikir-pikir lagi, dia malah tidak yakin keponakannya bernama Harry

D 3

2/ST/SS/I//3

His eyes fell on a huddle of those weirdos

2/TT/BB/P/9

Matanya menatap serombongan orang aneh

D 3

3/ST/SS/I/6

Was this normal cat behaviour? Mr.Dursley wondered. Trying pull himself together,he let himself into the house

3/TT/BB/P/12

Apa ini perilaku normal kucing? Pikir Mr.Dursley. Sambil berusaha menenangkan diri, dia masuk rumah

D 3

4/ST/SS/1/I/0


4/TT/BB/P/18


D 3

5/ST/SS/I/10

She threw a sharp, sideways glance at Dumbledore here

5/TT/BB/P/18

Dia melirik tajam Dumbledore

D 3

6/ST/SS/I/15

"Even if I could, I wouldn't. Scars can come in handy.

6/TT/BBP//24

“Kalaupun bisa, aku tak mau. Bekas luka kadang ada gunanya.”

D 3

7/ST/SS/I/15

“Yes, yes, it’s all very sad, but get a grip on yourself, Hagrid, or we’ll be found”

7/TT/BB/P/25

“Ya, ya, memang sangat menyedihkan, tetapi kendalikan dirimu, Hagrid. Kalau tidak, kita bisa ketahuan”

D 3

8/ST/SS/I/21

Dudley, meanwhile, was counting his presents. His face fell.

8/TT/BB/P/31

Dudley, sementara itu, menghitung hadiahnya. Wajahnya langsung cemberut

D 3

9/ST/SS/I/16

Professor McGonagall blew her nose in reply

9/TT/BB/P/26

Sebagai jawaban, Profesor McGonagalln membuang ingus

D 3


10/ST/SS/I/22

Dudley's mouth fell open in horror, but Harry's heart gave a leap

10/TT/BB/P/16

Mulut Dudley melongo ngeri, tetapi Harry senang.

D 3

11/ST/SS/I/40

On Saturday, things began to get out of hand

11/TT/BB/P/55

Hari Sabtunya yang terjadi sudah di luar kendali

D 3

12/ST/SS/I/49

I never thought yeh wouldn't even know abou' Hogwarts, fer cryin' out loud!

12/TT/BB/P/67

Tak pernah kuduga kau tidak tahu tentang Hogwarts,astaga!

D 3

13/ST/SS/I/50

Ah.. go boil your heads, both of yeh..

13/TT/BB/P/68

Ah, peduli amat kalian berdua

D 3

14/ST/SS/I/80

Even Dudley, who never read anything, would have been wild to get his hand on some of these

14/TT/BB/P/103

Bahkan Dudley, yang sama sekali tak pernah membaca apa-apa, akan senang memiliki beberapa buku yang ada di sini.

D 3

15/ST/SS/I/87

Harry wanted to watch Hagrid until he was out of sight

15/TT/BB/P/111

Harry ingin memandang Hagrid sampai Ia tak kelihatan lagi

D 3

16/ST/SS/I/94

“Want a hand?” It was one of the red-haired twins he'd followed through the barrier.

16/ST/BB/P/120

“Perlu bantuan?” Ternyata salah satu dari si kembar berambut merah yang tadi diikutinya menerobos boks tiket.

D 3

17/ST/SS/I/117

But don't judge on what you see,I'll eat myself if you can find

17/ST/BB/P/147

Tapi jangan menilaiku dari penampilanku, berani taruhan takkan bisa kautemukan

D 3

18/ST/SS/I/141

But we're not telling you what was in there, so keep your noses out if you know what's good for you.

18/ST/BB/P/177

Tetapi kami tidak akan memberitahukan apa yang ada di sana. Jadi, lebih baik jangan ikut campur kalau anda tahu yang terbaik untuk Anda.

D 2

19/ST/SS/I/144

This was something you couldn't learn by

19/TT/BB/P/180

Ini pelajaran yang tak bisa dihafalkan

D 3


heart out of a book ataupun dipelajari dari buku

20/ST/SS/I/157

Harry took out his wand in case Malfoy leapt in and started at once. The minutes crept by. "He's late, maybe he's chickened out," Ron whispered.

20/TT/BB/P/197

Harry mengeluarkan tongkatnya, siapa tahu Malfoy melompat masuk dan langsung menyerang. “Dia terlambat, mungkin tidak berani datang” bisik Ron.

D 3

21/ST/SS/I/166

Harry had a lot of trouble keeping his mind on his lessons that day. It kept wandering up to the dormitory where his new broomstick was lying under his bed

21/TT/BB/P/207

Harry sulit memusatkan perhatian pada pelajaran-pelajarannya hari itu. Pikirannya melayang terus ke kamarnya, ke tempat sapu barunya tergeletak di bawah tempat tidurnya

D 3

22/ST/SS/I/171


22/TT/BB/P/213


D 3

23/ST/SS/I/172

Ron looked still more awkward at this, but a moment later they had entered the Great Hall, where the Halloween decorations put Hermione out of their minds.

23/TT/BB/P/215

Ron menjadi tambah tidak enak, tetapi sesaat kemudian mereka sudah memasuki Aula Besar.Dekorasi Hallowe’en di aula itu membuat mereka melupakan Hermione

D 3

24/ST/SS/I/176

Harry got to his feet. He was shaking and out of breath. Ron was standing there with his wand still raised, staring at

24/TT/BB/P/221

Harry berdiri. Dia gemetar dan terengah. Ron masih berdiri dengan tongkat terangkat, memandang hasil kerjanya.

D 3


what he had done. 25/ST/SS/I/178

Hermione hung her head. Harry was speechless. Hermione was the last person to do anything against the rules,..

25/TT/BB/P/222

Hermione menunduk. Harry tak bisa bicara, Hermione, orang yang paling anti melanggar peraturan,..

D 3

26/ST/SS/I/197


26/TT/BB/P/244


D 3

27/ST/SS/I/198

What they really needed was a nice long search without Madam Pince breathing down their necks

27/TT/BB/P/246

Yang mereka butuhkan adalah pencarian panjang tanpa Madam Pince mencurigai mereka

D 3

28/ST/SS/I/207


28/TT/BB/P/258


F 3

29/ST/SS/I/218


29/TT/BB/P/271


D 3


30/ST/SS/I/227

"We won! You won! We won!" shouted Ron, thumping Harry on the back. "And I gave Malfoy a black eye”

30/TT/BB/P/283

“Kita menang! Kau menang!,”teriak Ron, seraya menepuk punggung Harry. “Dan kupukul mata Malfoy sampai biru”

D 3

31/ST/SS/I/229

Hagrid shuffled into view, hiding something behind his back. He looked very out of place in his moleskin overcoat.

31/TT/BB/P/285

Hagrid muncul, menyembunyikan sesuatu di belakang punggungnya.Dia kelihatan janggal berada di perpustakaan memakai jubah kulit tikus mondoknya

D 3

32/ST/SS/I/231

"Yes," said Harry. There was no point beating around the bush. "We were wondering if you could tell us what's guarding the Sorcerer's Stone apart from Fluffy."

32/TT/BB/P/288

“Ya,”jawab Harry. Tak ada gunanya berbelit-belit.”Kami ingin tahu apakah kau bisa memberitahu kami apa saja yang menjaga Batu Bertuah selain Fluffy?”

D 3

33/ST/SS/I/236

"He really knows me now, watch. Norbert! Norbert! Where's Mommy?" "He's lost his marbles," Ron muttered in Harry's ear.

33/TT/BB/P/293

“Dia sudah kenal aku sekarang. Lihat, Norbert! Norbert! Mana Mama?” “Dia sinting,” Ron bergumam di telinga Harry

D 3

34/ST/SS/I/237

"It's Hedwig!" said Harry, hurrying to let her in. "She'll have Charlie's answer!" The three of them put their heads together to read the note.

34/TT/BB/P/295

“Itu Hedwig!” kata Harry, bergegas membuka jendela agar Hedwig bisa masuk. “Dia membawa surat balasan dari Charlie!” Ketiganya merapatkan kepala untuk membaca surat Charlie

D 3

35/ST/SS/I/238

It was a mark of how bad the last week had been that the

35/TT/BB/P/296

Bahwa kedua temannya langsung sepakat, menunjukkan bahwa

D 3


other two agreed with him. Anything to get rid of Norbert -- and Malfoy

seminggu terakhir ini keadaan sudah parah sekali. Mereka bersedia melakukan apa saja untuk menyingkirkan Norbert—dan Malfoy

36/ST/SS/I/243

"It doesn't take a genius to work it out. You fed DracoMalfoy some cock-and-bull story about a dragon, trying to get him out of bed and into trouble.

36/TT/BB/P/302

“Tidak perlu seorang jenius untuk memecahkan ini. Kalian membualkan cerita bohong tentang naga kepada Draco Malfoy, supaya dia meninggalkan tempat tidur dan dihukum.

D 3

37/ST/SS//I/245

Hermione had stopped drawing attention to herself in class

37/TT/BB/P/305

Hermione sudah berhenti menonjolkan dirinya di kelas,

D 3

38/ST/SS/I/249

At this, Neville let out a little moan, and Malfoy stopped dead in his tracks

38/TT/BB/P/309

Mendengar ini, Neville merintih dan Malfoy berhenti berjalan.

D 3

39/ST/SS/I/252

To the waist, a man, with red hair and beard, but below that was a horse's gleaming chestnut body with a long, reddish tail. Harry and Hermione's jaws dropped.

39/TT/BB/P/314

Sampai pinggang dia manusia, dengan rambut dan jenggot merah, tetapi di bawah itu tubuh kuda cokelat berkilau, dengan ekor panjang kemerahan. Harry dan Hermione ternganga.

D 3

40/ST/SS/I/253

"A bit. Well, that's something." Ronan sighed. He flung back his head and stared at the sky. "Mars is bright tonight."

40/TT/BB/P/314

“Sedikit. Yah, lumayan,” Ronan menghela napas.Dia menengadah, memandang langit. “Mars terang malam ini”

D 3

41/ST/SS/I/266

So I told him, Fluffy's a piece o' cake if yeh know

41/TT/BB/P/330

Jadi kuceritakan, Fluffy barang mudah kalau kau tahu cara

D 3


how to calm him down

menenangkan dia

42/ST/SS/I/267

"Look," said Harry, throwing caution to the winds, "Professor -- it's about the Sorcerer's tone --"

42/TT/BB/P/332

“Soalnya,”kata Harry yang sudah tidak menutup-nutupi lagi,”Profesor—ini tentang Batu bertuah..”

D 3

43/ST/SS/I/268

"It's tonight," said Harry, once he was sure Professor McGonagall was out of earshot.

43/TT/BB/P/332

“Pasti malam ini,”kata Harry,begitu dia yakin Profesor McGonagall tak bisa mendengarnya.

D 3

44/ST/SS/I/269

"Right, here's what we've got to do," he whispered urgently. "One of us has got to keep an eye on Snape

44/TT/BB/P/333

“Baik, ini yang akan kita lakukan.”bisiknya tegang.”Salah satu dari kita harus memata-matai Snape

D 3

45/ST/SS/I/269

No sooner had they reached the door separating Fluffy from the rest of the school than Professor McGonagall turned up again and this time, she lost her temper

45/TT/BB/P/334

Baru saja mereka tiba di pintu yang memisahkan Fluffy dari bagian lain sekolah, Profesor McGonagall muncul lagi,dan kali ini dia marah sekali

D 3

46/ST/SS/I/277

"Dunno, some sort of plant thing. I suppose it's here to break the fall.

46/TT/BB/P/343

“Entahlah, semacam tanaman. Kurasa ada di sini untuk menahan pendaratan.

D 3

47/ST/SS/I/291

Quirrell cursed under his breath. "I don't understand... is the Stone inside the mirror? Should I break it?"

47/TT/BB/P/360

Quirrell mengutuk pelan. “Aku tak mengerti..apakah batu itu ada di dalam cermin Haruskah aku memecahkannya?”

D 3

48/ST/SS/I/296

"Calm yourself, dear boy, you are a little behind the times," said Dumbledore. "Quirrell does not have the Stone."

48/TT/BB/P/365

“Tenangkan dirimu, Nak, kau sedikit ketinggalan,”kata Dumbledore,”Quirrell tidak memiliki batu itu,”

D 3


49/ST/SS/I/298

Harry lay there, lost for words. Dumbledore hummed a little and smiled at the ceiling.

49/TT/BB/P/367


F 3

50/ST/SS/I/302

"I always said he was off his rocker," said Ron, looking quite impressed at how crazy his hero was.

50/TT/BB/P/372

“Dari dulu kubilang Dumbledore itu sinting” kata Ron, kelihatannya terkesan sekali pada betapa gilanya orang yang dikaguminya itu.

D 3

51/ST/SS/I/303

Hagrid looked too big to be allowed. He sat down next to Harry, took one look at him, and burst into tears.

51/TT/BB/P/374

Hagrid tampak terlalu besar. Dia duduk di sebelah Harry, memandangnya, lalu langsung menangis.

F 3

52/ST/SS/I/304

"And I must trouble you with an old man's wheezing waffle before we sink our teeth into our cdelicious feast.

52/TT/BB/P/376

“Dan aku harus menggerecoki kalian dengan ocehan orang tua sebelum kita mulai menyerbu makanan enak-enak ini”

D 3

53/ST/SS/I/309

"You must be Harry's family!" said Mrs. Weasley. "In a manner of speaking," said Uncle Vernon.

53/TT/BB/P/382

“Kalian pastilah keluarga Harry!” sapa Mrs. Weasley “Boleh dikatakan begitu,”kata Paman Vernon

D 3

54/ST/SS/I/5

Mr.Dursley stood rooted to the spot. He had been hugged by a complete stranger

54/TT/BB/P/12


D 3


No.Data ST No.Data TT

E S

55/ST/SS/P/1

They were the last people you’d expect to be in volved in anything strange or mysterious, because they just didn’t hold with such nonsense

55/TT/BB/P/7

Mereka tak bisa diharapkan terlibat dengan sesuatu yang ajaib atau misterius, karena mereka sama sekali tak percaya omong kosong seperti itu

D 3

56/ST/SS/P/2

This boy was another good reason for keeping the Potters away;they didn’t want Dudley mixing with a child like that

56/TT/BB/P/8

Anak ini salah satu alasan bagus lain kenapa mereka tak mau dekat-dekat keluarga Potter. Mereka tak ingin Dudley bergaul dengan anak seperti itu

D 3

57/ST/SS/P/2

For a second, Mr.Dursley didn’t realize what he had seen—then he jerked his head around to look again

57/TT/BB/P/9

Sekejap, Mr.Dursley tidak menyadari apa yang telah dilihatnya—kemudian dia menoleh untuk melihat sekali lagi

D 3

58/ST/SS/P/3

But on the edge of town, drills were driven out of his mind by something else

58/TT/BB/P/9

Tetapi menjelang masuk kota, bor tergusur keluar dari pikirannya oleh sesuatu yang lain.

F 3

59/ST/SS/P/4

He dashed back across the road, hurried up to his office

59/TT/BB/P/11

Dia cepat-cepat menyeberang jalan, bergegas naik ke kantornya

D 3

60/ST/SS/P/8

Mrs. Dursley fell asleep quickly but Mr.Dursley lay awake, turning it all over in his mind

60/TT/BB/P/15

Mrs. Dursley segera tertidur, tetapi Mr.Dursley tidak. Dia memikirkan segala kemungkinan.

D 3

61/ST/SS/P/15

“No,sir—house was almost destroyed, but I got him out all right before the Muggles swarmin’ around

61/TT/BB/P/24

“Tidak,Sir—rumah nyaris hancur tapi aku berhasil ambil dia sebelum para Muggle berdatangan.

D 3

62/ST/SS/P/15

Dumbledore and Professor McGonagall bent

62/TT/BB/P/24

Dumbledore dan Profesor McGonagall membungkuk ke arah

F 3


forward over the bundle of blankets.

bungkusan selimut

63/ST/SS/P/15

“Well—give him her,Hagrid—we’d better get this over with.”

63/TT/BB/P/24

“Nah, berikan anak itu, Hagrid. Lebih baik segera kita bereskan”

D 3

64/ST/SS/P/16

Professor McGonagall whispered, patting Hagingerly on the arm as Dumbledore stepped over the low garden wall

64/TT/BB/P/25

Bisik McGonagall sambil membelai-belai lengan Hagrid dengan amat hati-hati, sementara Dumbledore melangkahi tembok halaman

F 3

65/ST/SS/P/19

“Well, get a move on. I want you to look after the bacon. And don’t you dare let it burn”

65/TT/BB/P/29

“Ayo,cepat. Aku mau kau menggoreng daging asap. Jangan sampai gosong”

D 3

66/ST/SS/P/21

Harry, who could see a huge Dudley tantrum coming on, began to wolfing down his bacon as fast as possible

66/TT/BB/P/31

Harry yang sudah bisa menduga kemarahan Dudley akan meledak, cepat-cepat mengunyah dagingnya.

D 3

67/ST/SS/P/207

Harry felt the blood drain out of his face. Wherever he was, Filch must know a shortcut, because his soft, greasy voice was getting nearer,

67/TT/BB/P/257

Harry merasa wajahnya memucat. Di mana pun dia saat itu, Filch pastilah tahu jalan pintas, karena suaranya yang lembut dan lancar terdengar sangat jelas

D 3

68/ST/SS/P/234

Ron and Hermione argued all the way to Herbology and in the end,Hermione agreed to run down to Hagrid's with the other two during morning break

68/TT/BB/P/291

Ron dan Hermione bertengkar sepanjang perjalanan ke kelas Herbologi, dan pada akhirnya Hermione setuju kabur ke pondok Hagrid dengan kedua temannya pada saat istirahat pagi

D 3

69/ST/SS/ ..it had a long snout with wide nostrils,

69/TT/B ..dengan dua lubang hidung bes y[ar, dua

D 3


P/235 the stubs of horns and bulging, orange eyes. It sneezed. A couple of sparks flew out of its snout

B/P/292 tanduk kecil, dan mata jingga yang menonjol. Dia bersin, beberapa bunga api muncrat dari moncongnya

70/ST/SS/P/235


70/TT/BB/P/292


F 3

71/ST/SS/P/238

On the contrary, he sat bolt upright and broke into a sweat.

71/TT/BB/P/296

Tapi sebaliknya, Ron malah langsung terlonjak duduk dan berkeringat

D 3

72/ST/SS/P/245

, keeping her head down and working in silence

72/TT/BB/P/305

dia terus menundukkan kepala dan bekerja dalam diam

D 3

73/ST/SS/P/247

"But we've got no proof!" said Harry. "Quirrell's too scared to back us up.”

73/TT/BB/P/307

“Tapi kita tidak punya bukti!”kata Harry. “Quirell terlalu takut untuk mendukung kita”

F 3

74/ST/SS/P/247

"If we just do a bit of poking around --" "No," said Harry flatly, "we've done enough poking around."

74/TT/BB/P/307

“Kalau kita menyelidiki sedikit..“ “Tidak,”kata Harry datar,”kita sudah terlalu banyak menyelidiki dan ikut campur”

D 3

75/ST/SS//P/255

"Look --" he murmured, holding out his arm to stop Malfoy. Something bright white was gleaming on the ground.

75/TT/BB/P/317

“Lihat..,”gumamnya, merentangkan tangan untuk menghentikan Malfoy. Sesuatu yang putih terang berkilauan di tanah.

F 3

76/ST/SS/P/256

He looked carefully at Harry, his eyes lingering on the scar that stood out, livid, on Harry's forehead.

76/TT/BB/P/319

Dia memandang Harry dengan teliti,matanya lama terpancang pada bekas luka hitam-kelabu yang tampak nyata di dahi Harry

D 3

77/ST/SS/P/257

And Firenze whisked around; with Harry clutching on as best he could,

77/TT/BB/P/320

Dan Firenze berputar;dengan Harry mencengkeram bahunya sebisa

D 3


they plunged off into the trees, leaving Ronan and Bane behind them

mungkin, mereka masuk ke antara pepohonan,meninggalkan Ronan dan Bane di belakang mereka.

78/ST/SS/P/260

Harry couldn't sit down. He paced up and down in front of the fire. He was still shaking.

78/TT/BB/P/323

Harry tak bisa duduk. Dia mondar-mandir di depan perapian. Dia masih gemetar.

F 3

79/ST/SS/P/260

"So all I've got to wait for now is Snape to steal the Stone," Harry went on feverishly, "then Voldemort will be able to come and finish me off... “

79/TT/BB/P/323

“Jadi sekarang aku tinggal menunggu Snape mencuri batu itu,”kata Harry tegang.”Setelah itu Voldemort bisa datang dan menghabisiku..”

D 3

80/ST/SS/P/262

In years to come, Harry would never quite remember how he had managed to get through his exams when he half expected Voldemort to come bursting through the door at any moment

80/TT/BB/P/325

Di tahun-tahun mendatang, Harry tak pernah bagaimana persisnya dia dapat mengerjakan soal-soal ujiannya ketika dia setengah percaya Voldemort bisa menerobos masuk setiap saat.

D 3

81/ST/SS/P/262

Yet the days crept by, and there could be no doubt that Fluffy was still alive and well behind the locked door

81/TT/BB/P/325

Tetapi hari-hari berlalu dan tak ada keraguan Fluffy masih hidup dan sehat di balik pintu tertutup

D 3

82/ST/SS/P/264

Harry nodded, but he couldn't shake off a lurking feeling that there was something he'd forgotten to do, something important

82/TT/BB/P/327

Harry mengangguk, tetapi dia tidak dapat menghilangkan perasaan bahwa ada sesuatu yang lupa dia lakukan,sesuatu yang penting.

D 3

83/ST/SS/P/265

"that what Hagrid wants more than

83/TT/B “bahwa Hagrid sangat ingin memiliki naga,

F 3


anything else is a dragon, and a stranger turns up who just happens to have an egg in his pocket?”

B/P/328 dan tiba-tiba saja muncul orang asing yang kebetulan punya telur naga dalam kantongnya?”

84/ST/SS/P/265

Harry sank down next to the bowl of peas.

84/TT/BB/P/329

Harry terenyak duduk di sebelah mangkuk kacang polong.

D 3

85/ST/SS/P/265

"Hullo," he said, smiling. "Finished yer exams? Got time fer a drink?" "Yes, please," said Ron, but Harry cut him off.

85/TT/BB/P/329

“Halo,”sapanya,tersenyum. “Selesai ujian?Ada waktu untuk minum?” “Ada,”kata Ron, tetapi Harry menyelanya.

D 3

86/ST/SS/P/266

jus' play him a bit o' music an' he'll go straight off ter sleep --"

86/TT/BB/P/330

Mainkan saja musik, maka dia akan langsung tidur

F 3

87/ST/SS/P/267

The books she was carrying tumbled out of her arms, but she didn't pick them up.

87/TT/BB/P/332

Buku-buku yang dibawanya berjatuhan dari tangannya, tetapi dia tidak memungutnya.

F 3

88/ST/SS/P/268

She bent down and gathered up the fallen books.

88/TT/BB/P/332

Dia membungkuk dan mengumpulkan buku-bukunya yang jatuh.

F 3

89/ST/SS/P/268


89/TT/BB/P/333

“Kasak-kusuk begini,orang-orang akan mengira kalian hendak berbuat sesuatu. Dan riskan sekali bagi Gryffindor kalau kehilangan angka lebih banyak lagi,kan?”

D 3

90/ST/SS/P/269

He strode off in the direction of the staffroom

90/TT/BB/P/333

Dia berjalan menuju ruang guru

F 3

91/ST/SS/P/271

"Oh, come off it, you don't think we'd let

91/TT/BB/P/335

“Oh, tentu, mana mungkin kami

D 3


you go alone?" membiarkanmu pergi sendiri?”

92/ST/SS/P/276

Then he looked up at Ron and said, "If anything happens to me, don't follow.

92/TT/BB/P/342

Kemudian dia mendongak kepada Ron dan berkata,”Kalau terjadi sesuatu padaku,jangan susul aku.”

F 3

93/ST/SS/P/276

"I think we'll be able to pull the door open," said Ron, peering over the dog's back.

93/TT/BB/P/341

“Kurasa kita akan bisa membuka pintunya,”kata Ron, melongok melewati punggung si anjing.

F 3

94/ST/SS/P/277

He sat up and felt around, his eyes not used to the gloom.

94/TT/BB/P/342

Harry duduk dan meraba-raba, matanya belum terbiasa pada keremangan di situ.

D 3

95/ST/SS/P/277

"Lucky!" shrieked Hermione. "Look at you both!" She leapt up and struggled toward a damp wall.

95/TT/BB/P/343

“Untung?!”jerit Hermione.”Lihat kalian berdua!” Hermione melompat dan berusaha menuju dinding yang lembap

F 3

96/ST/SS/P/277

Now she watched in horror as the two boys fought to pull the plant off them,

96/TT/BB/P/343

Sekarang dia memandang ngeri pada kedua temannya yang berkutat melepaskan tanaman itu dari tubuh mereka

D

3

97/ST/SS/P/278

"Oh, right!" said Hermione, and she whipped out her wand, waved it

97/TT/BB/P/344

“Oh,betul!” kata Hermione, dan dia mencabut tongkatnya, menggoyangkannya

F 3

98/ST/SS/P/278

In a matter of seconds, the two boys felt it loosening its grip as it cringed away from the light and warmth.

98/TT/BB/P/344

Dalam beberapa detik saja, kedua anak laki-laki itu merasa belitan sulur-sulur itu mengendur ketika tanaman itu menjauh ketakutan dari nyala terang dan kehangatan.

D 3

"They don't look “Kayaknya sih mereka D 3


99/ST/SS/P/279

very vicious, but I suppose if they all swooped down at once... well, there's no other choice... I'll run."

99/TT/BB/P/345

tidak berbahaya, tapi kalau menyerang bersamaan...yah,tak ada jalan lain.. aku mau lari”

100/ST/SS/P/282

The white queen smashed him to the floor and dragged him off the board,

100/TT/BB/P/349

Si ratu putih membantingnya ke lantai dan menyeretnya ke luar papan.

F 3

101/ST/SS/P/286

I might be able to hold Snape off for a while,but I'm no match for him, really”

101/TT/BB/P/354

Aku mungkin sanggup menahan Snape untuk sementara waktu, tetapi aku sama sekali bukan tandingannya”

F 3

102/ST/SS/P/286

Hermione's lip trembled, and she suddenly dashed at Harry and threw her arms around him.

102/TT/BB/P/354

Bibir Hermione bergetar dan mendadak dia berlari mendekati Harry dan memeluknya

D 3

103/ST/SS/P/287

"It's not poison?" said Harry anxiously. "No -- but it's like ice." "Quick, go, before it wears off."

103/TT/BB/P/355

“Bukan racun?” tanya Harry cemas “Bukan—tapi seperti es” “Cepat, sebelum khasiatnya luntur”

D 3

104/ST/SS/P/288

Your friend Miss Granger accidentally knocked me over as she rushed to set fire to Snape at that Quidditch Match

104/TT/BB/P/356

Temanmu, Miss Granger, tanpa sengaja menabrakku sampai jatuh ketika dia buru-buru mau mebakar jubah Snape dalam pertandingan Quidditch.

D 3

105/ST/SS/P/289

Snape, who already suspected me, went straight to the third floor to head me off

105/TT/BB/P/357

Snape, yang sudah mencurigaiku, langsung naik ke lantai tiga untuk menghadangku

D 3

106/ST/SS/P/289

and not only did my troll fail to beat you to death, that three-headed dog didn't

106/TT/BB/P/357

Dan bukan saja troll-ku gagal memukuli kalian sampai mati, si anjing kepala tiga bahkan

D 3


even manage to bite Snape's leg off properly.

tidak berhasil menggigit kaki Snape sampai putus.

107/ST/SS/P/289

Ropes sprang out of thin air and wrapped themselves tightly around Harry.

107/TT/BB/P/357

Tiba-tiba seutas tali membelit leher Harry erat-erat.

D 3

108/ST/SS/P/290

"I saw you and Snape in the forest --" he blurted out.

108/TT/BB/P/358

“Saya melihat Anda dan Snape di Hutan..,’celetuknya

F 3

109/ST/SS/P/291

Since then, I have served him faithfully, although I have let him down many times.

109/TT/BB/P/359

Sejak saat itu aku melayaninya dengan setia, meskipun aku sering kali mengecewakannya

F 3

110/ST/SS/P/294

"Seize him! SEIZE HIM!" shrieked Voldemort again, and Quirrell lunged, knocking Harry clean off his feet landing on top of him, both hands around Harry's neck –

110/TT/BB/P/363

“Tangkap dia! TANGKAP DIA!” teriak Voldemort lagi dan Quirrell menerjang Harry sampai jatuh dan mendarat di atas tubuhnya, kedua tangannya melingkari leher Harry--

D 3

111/ST/SS/P/295

Quirrell screamed and tried to throw Harry off

111/TT/BB/P/364

Quirrell menjerit dan mencoba mengibaskan Harry

D 3

112/ST/SS/P/295

Quirrell rolled off him, his face blistering, too, and then Harry knew: Quirrell couldn't touch his bare skin,

112/TT/BB/P/364

Quirrell berguling dari atas tubuh Harry, wajahanya uga melepuh,dan Harry pun tahu: Quirrell tak tahan menyentuh kulitnya.

D 3

113/ST/SS/P/296

“Three days. Mr. Ronald Weasley and Miss Granger will be most relieved you have come round, they have been extremely worried."

113/TT/BB/P/366

“Tiga hari. Mr Ronald Weasley dan Miss Granger akan lega sekali mengetahui kau sudah sadar, mereka sangat cemas”

D 3

114/ST/SS “I arrived just in 114/TT/ “Aku tiba saat pada F 3


/P/297 time to pull Quirrell off you."

BB/P/366

waktunya untuk menarik Quirrell darimu...”

115/ST/SS/P/305

A storm of cheering and stamping broke out from the Slytherin table.

115/TT/BB/P/377

Gemuruh sorak dan entakan kaki terdengar dari meja Slytherin.

D 3

116/ST/SS/P/307

Notes were handed out to all students, warning them not to use magic over the holidays

116/TT/BB/P/380

Pesan dibagikan kepada semua murid, memperingatkan mereka agar tidak menggunakan sihir selama liburan

F 3

117/ST/SS/P/308

A wizened old guard was up by the ticket barrier, letting them go through the gate in twos and threes so they didn't attract attention by all bursting out of a solid wall at once and alarming the Muggles.

117/TT/BB/P/380

Seorang penjaga tua yang sudah keriput, berjaga di palang rintangan boks penjualan tiket, mengatur mereka keluar berdua dan bertiga, agar tidak menarik perhatian. Sebab kalau mereka semua serentak bermunculan dari tembok kokoh, tentu para Muggle akan kaget dan ketakutan.

F 3

118/ST/SS/P/309

"Oh, I will," said Harry, and they were surprised at the grin that was spreading over his face.

118/TT/BB/P/382

“Oh,pasti menyenangkan,” kata Harry,dan mereka heran melihat senyum yang merekah lebar di wajahnya

D

3



Documents

THE TRANSLATION OF IDIOMATIC EXPRESSIONS IN J.K. … · J.K. Rowling’s Harry Potter and the Sorcerer’s Stone: A Study on Translation Strategies and Acceptability. Yogyakarta: