The Teachers of Shihab al-Din 'Umar al-Suhrawardi

By A. J. ARBERRY

E are informed by Ibn al-'Imad that Shihab al-Din 'Umar b. 'Abd Allah al-Suhrawardi (d. 632/1234), the celebrated S.ufi and founder of

,the Suhrawardiya Order, "heard Traditions from a number (of scholars)", and that he wrote " a Mashyakha 2 in an attractive section (fTjuz'n latif) 3 " This Mashyakha was known to Hajji Khalifa,4 but no copy is noted

by Brockelmann. Now it is always interesting to have the names of the teachers of famous men, more especially when such information rests on the authority of the celebrities themselves, and it is therefore a fortunate chance that a

manuscript of Shihab al-Din al-Suhrawardi's essay in autobiography has

actually survived.5 What is more, this unique copy is in the autograph of an eminent scholar; the colophon is signed Muhammad b. Shukr al-Shafi'i, and is dated 738/1337.6 To complete the good story, the recension mounts to the author himself, and the learned copyist has transcribed from his archetype a note of sami' with al-Suhrawardi dated 620/1223 at Baghdad.7

The author gives the names of fifteen of his teachers, together with the texts of a small number of Traditions heard by him from each; each Tradition is furnished with a full isndd; and in some instances the dates of the teacher's birth and death are provided. The list begins with Shihab al-Din's uncle, Diya' al-Din 'Abd al-Qahir b. 'Abd Allah al-Suhrawardi, himself a well-known Sufi scholar (d. 562/1168, see Brockelmann I 436, Suppl. I 780); significantly enough no mention is made of 'Abd al-Qadir al-Jilani (d. 561/1167) who is

commonly reported to have initiated al-Suhrawardi into Suffism. In the following analysis the names of al-Suhrawardi's teachers are given as they occur in the

manuscript, followed by the texts of the Traditions, together with some

specimens of isndd. I. Diya' al-Din Abu '1-Najib 'Abd al-Qahir b. 'Abd Allah b. Muhammad

b. 'Abd Allah called (al-ma'ruf bi-) 'Amfya b. Sa'd b. al-Husain b. al-Qasim b. Muhammad b. 'Abd Allah b. 'Abd al-Rahman b. Abi Bakr al-Qasim

1 Shadharat al-dhahab V 153; Ibn al-'Imad names the Tabaqdt [al-Shafi'zya] of Ibn [Qd.i] Shuhba (d. 851/1448, see Brockelmann II 50, Suppl. II 51) as his authority.

2 For other compilations having this title see Brockelmann, index to G.A.L. and Suppl.; Hajjji Khalifa, Kashf al-zunun (Turkish edition) II 1696-7.

8 The term juz' is commonly used to indicate a small collection, particularly but not exclusively of Traditions; it does not necessarily imply extraction from a larger work.

4 Kashf al-;unun II 1697 (Turkish edition). 6 In MS. Arab. 495 (foll. 84-94) of Mr. Chester Beatty's collection. 6 Muhammad b. Shukr al-Dairi al-Shafi'i al-Nasikh al-Dimashqi, a well-known calligrapher,

died in Dhu'l-Hijja 753/January 1353; see Ibn Hajar, al-Durar al-kamina, iii, 456. 7 Fol. 94b, see also fol. 84b; the full transmission of the text is detailed at the end of this

artiole.

A. J. ARBERRY-

b. Muhammad b. Abi Bakr al-Siddiq (b. about (taqdira") 490, d. night of

Saturday 18 Jumada II 563).

&A.

This is stated to have been the first Tradition heard by Shihab al-Din from his uncle; it was the first Tradition heard by his uncle from Abu 'l-Qasim Zahir b. Tahir al-Shahh am,1 whose first it was from Abu Salih Ahmad b. 'Abd al-Malik al-Mu'adhdhin,2 whose first it was from Abu Tahir Muhammad b. Muhammad b. Mahmish al-Ziyadi,3 whose first it was from Abi Hamid Ahmad b. Muhammad b. Bilal,4 whose first it was from 'Abd al-Rahman b. Bishr b. al-Hakam,5 whose first it was from Sufyan b. 'Uyaina,6 whose first it was from 'Amr b. Dinar,7 who received it from Abu Qabus a client of 'Abd Allah b. 'Amr b. al-'As,8 who received it from 'Abd Allah b. 'Amr, who had it from the

Prophet.9

>L;J ll J^ sJ;>?9 t^ s^l( Received from Abfu 'Ali Muhammad b. Sa'id b. Nabhan al-Katib,l0 from Abfi

1 Also al-Nisaburi, Musannid of Khurasan, died in Rabi' II 533/December 1138, see Shadharat IV 102. The author's object in giving these isndd is clearly to trace back the Tradition to the Prophet by as few links as possible-a favourite diversion of some Traditionists.

2 Almad b. 'Abd al-Malik b. 'All al-Nisaibri al-Hafiz, Muhaddith of Khuraisan, is stated to have received 1,000 Traditions from 1,000 different teachers, and to have travelled to Ifahan, Baghdad and Damascus; he died in Ramadan 470/April 1078 at the age of 82, leaving behind him a number of books and rough drafts, see Shadharat III 335.

3 Muhammad b. Muhammad b. Mahmish b. 'All b. Dawud b. Aiyib al-Ziyiad al-Shafi'i, Musannid of Nisibur, b. 317/929, d. 410/1019, see Shadharat III 192.

4 Amad b. Muhammad b. Yahya b. Bilil al-Nisabuiri, d. 330/942, see Shadhardt II 325. 5 Abi Muhammad 'Abd al-Rahman b. Bishr b. al-Hakam b. Habib al-'Abdi al-Nisaburi,

d. 260/874, see al-Khatib, Ta'rikh Baghdad X 271-2. 6 Abu Muhlammad Sufyin b. 'Uyaina b. Abi 'Amran, b. 107/725, d. 198/814, see Ta'rfkh

Baghdad IX 174-84. 7Abu Muhammad 'Amr b. Dinar al-Jumahi, d. 126/744 at age of 80, see Shadharat I 171. 8 'Abd Allah b. 'Amr b. al-'As al-Sahmi, d. 65/685, see Shadharat I 73. 9 This Tradition is thus a tusa'i (having nine links in the chain of isnad), remarkable for an

author writing in the 7/13th century; but al-Bukhair's editor was able to extract from his al-Jami' al-sahzi a choice selection of Traditions connected in that work (written in the first half of the 3/9th century) by only three links with the Prophet (thuldthTMyt, see Brockelmann I 159, Suppl. I 264). Quite a considerable literature of Tradition developed along this curious line; and the Chester Beatty collection contains a unique copy of a work entitled al-Sdbiq wa-'l-ld&iq, a biographical dictionary of Traditionists who died at widely different dates and yet transmitted the one from the other; the author of this remarkable and valuable work was the celebrated Abu Bakr Alhmad b. 'Ali al-Khatib al-Baghdadi (d. 463/1071), writer of the Ta'rikh Baghddd.

10 Muhammad b. Sa'id b. Ibrihim b. Nabhan al-Kitib al-Karkhi, Musannid of 'Iraq, d. 511/1117 at the age of 100 precisely, see Shadharat IV 31.

340

THE TEACHERS OF SHIHEAjB AL-DIN 'UMAR AL-SUHRAWARDI 4

'Ali al-1.Jasan b. Ah.mad b. Shddhdn,1 from Da'laj b. Ahbmad b. Da'laj,2 from 'All b. 'Abd al-'Azlz Abua 'lHasan al-Baghaw1,3 from Abi'UadaQsm b. Sallim, 4 from Safwiin from al-Hj5rith,6 from Sa'id b. al-Musaiyib,7 from 'All b. Abi Tdlib ," from the Prophet. This Tradition is quoted by ShihTb al-Din al-Suhirawardl1 in his 'Awarif al-maYdrif.9

Received from Abfi 'All Muh~ammad b. Sa'id b. Nabhiin by the same chain as far back as Ab-i 'Ubaid, above whom the transmission is from H.aj"5 ,' from H~ammdd b. Salama,1' from 'All b. Zaid,' fromy alIasn1 frmtePoh. Shihdb al-Din al-Suhraward-1 records the gloss of Abil Sa'id (se. al-H.asan) on

tha i man ' 2 ,and adds Abna 'Ubaid's comment on this

gloss

AC.

1Abii 'All al-H~asan b. Ahmad b. Ibr5,him b. al-H~asan b. Muhammad b. Shildhiin al-Baghdiidi, b. 339/950, d. on the last day of 425/1034, see Shad harat III 228-9.

2Abft Muhammad Da'laj b. Alhmad b. Da'laj b. 'Abd al-Rahmiin al-Sijist5hni al-Mu'addil, d. 351/962, see Shadharat III 8, Ta'ri7kh Baghdad VIII 387-92 ; he travelled extensively to study Traditions in Khuriisan, Raiy, Baghd5,d, Ba~ra, Kfifa and Makka, and was renowned for his piety and charitable works.

3'All b. 'Abd al-'Azlz al-Baghawi, d. at Makka in 286/899 at the age of over 90, see Shadharat II 193.

4Abfil'Ubaid al-Qiisim b. Sallilm al-Harawi al-Baghdaidi, b. 154/770, d. 224/838, the famous philologist and theologian, wrote a number of books on gharTb al-hadith, see Brockelmann I 106, Suppl. I 166-7 with references.

-5Safwin b. 'sd al-Zuhri al-Ba~ri Abil Mulhammad al-Qassim, d. 200/816, see Shadharat I 359 (other dates given in Ibn Hjajar, Tahdhib al-Tahdhfb IV 430).

6 AI-Harith b. 'Abd al-Rahmann b. 'Abd Allaih b. Sa'd al-DiisI al-Madani, d. 146/763, see Tahdhfb al-Tahdhfb II 147-8 No. 249.

Abfi Muhammad Sa'id b. al-Musaiyib al-Makhizilmi al-Madani, d. 94/713, see Shadharelt I 102-3.

8 The fourth Caliph, d. 40/661. 9On the margin of al-Ghazdl1, 14y4' (Cairo 1306/1889) I 213; Shihilb al-Din al-Suhrawardi

repeatedly cites his uncle ]Diya' al-Din as an authority on Traditions in that work. .10 It is not clear which H.ajjaij (there are several Tradlitionists of that name) is here intended. l1 I-ammniid b. Salama b. Dlniir al-Ba*ri, d. 167/784, see Shadharat I 262. 12 'All b. Zaid b. Jadh'sin al-QurashI al-Taimi al-Ba~ri, d. 129/745 or 131/747, see

Shadhar&t I 176. 13Abii Sa'Id al-Hlasan b. Abi 'I-Hjasan al-Ba~rl, the famous ascetic and preacher, d. 110/728:

al-Hfasan al-Ba$r! could not, of course, transmit direct from the Prophet as he was not born until 21/642, see Encyclopcedia of Islam II 273, Brockelmann I 66, Suppl. I 102.

341

342 ~~~~A. J. ARBERRY-

This Tradition, with the same isndd andl the same supplementary remarks, is exactly reprodluced in the 'Awdrif al-ma'tirifl1

IL. Abu 'I-Muza:ffar Hibat AUlTh b. Ah~mad b. Muh~ammad al-Shibli, the last surviving transmitter from Jbn al-ZainabI (d. 557).2

Received by Shihiib al-Din al-Suhrawardli from Abu 'I-Muzaffar al-Shibli in his uncle's majlis in Ramadain 556 [at the age of 17], from Ab-i Nasr Muh~ammad b. Muh~ammad b. 'All al-Zainabi 3 in Rabi' I 478, from Abi:i TThir Muh ammad b. 'Abd al-Rah~min b. al-'Abbds b. 'Abd al-Rah~min al-Mukhalli~ S in 390, from Abu 'l-Qdsim 'Abd AUTdh b. Muh~ammad b. 'Abd al-'Azlz al-Baghawi, 5 from AbiTa Nasr al-TammEtr,6 from al-Qdsim b. al-Fadl al-HJudddni,7 from alNarb Shaibdn,8 from Ab-a Salama,9 from the father of Abil Salama,'0 from the Prophet.

4,~~~31 JybvJ) ~-

1I 78. A very dlifferent interpretation of the word CL4 is given in Ibn al-Athir, albNihfiya ft gkarfb al-hadith III 42, of. Lisdin al-'Arab X 109.

2 At the age of 88, see Shadharelt IV 181, V 153; al-Subki, Tabaqat al-SA&ft'fya V 143. 3 Abfi Na~r MuLiammad b. Muhammad b. 'All al-Hdshimi al-'Abbiisi al-Zabini [sic], Musannid

of 'Irliq, last surviving pupil of al-Mukhalli~, d. 479/1086 at the age of 92, see Shadhardlt III 364 ; his nsisba is correctly given as al-Zainabi in Ta'rilch Baghdad III 238, cf. al-Sam'iini, al -A nslb 284b.

'Als al-Baghdddi al-Dhahabi, " musannid of his age", d. 393/1003 at the age of 88, see Shadharelt III 144, Ta'rikch Baghd&d II 322-3.

5'Abd Allih b. MuLiammad b. 'Abd al-'Aziz al-Marzubin b. Slibfir b. Shilhanshdh Abu'l- Qfisim b. Bint Alimad b. Man!', d. 317/929 at the age of 103 ; he was a fine calligrapher, and first wrote Traditions in 225/840, see Shadharat II 275, Ta'ri7kh BaghdAd X 111-7.

16 'Abd al-Malik b. 'Abd al-'Azlz, d. 228/843, see Shadhar&t II 64, Ta'rikh Baghdad X 420-3. 7Died 167/784, see Shadhar&t I 264. 8Al-1.uddiLnI al-Ba~rl, see TahdhTh al-TahdhTh X 438-9 No. 796 (objit not given).

o0 Abii Salama b. 'Abd al-Rahmiin b. 'Auf al-Zuhri al-Madani, d. 94/713, see Shadharclt I 105. 10O 'Abd al-RalxInin b. 'Auf al-Zuhri, d. 32/653, see o9hadher4t I 38.

342

THE TEACHERS OF SHIHAB AL-DIN 'UMAR AL-SUHRAWARDI

The chain of this Tradition is the same as the preceding up to 'Abd Allah

al-Baghawi, and then goes back to the Prophet through Abu 'Abd Allah Ahmad b. Muhammad b. Hanbal and others.

* YJA" *t-'? tS J . s- : 1 ". i ,41 J(. .

2} 3

Rci' Ial-hbi Li 418 4from id J b. 19a(m)

al-Zainab who heard it in 411 from Abu '> -asan M ammad b. Rizq ya,

who heard it in 339 from Ab Ja'ar ammad b. Ya1 b. 'Umar b. 'Ali

b.arbat arb Rab who heard it from his great-grandfather 'Ali b. arb

b. Muh.ammad,5 from Sufyan b. 'Uyaina, from al-Zuhri,6 from Slim,7 from Aba S&lim,8 from the Prophet.

The celebrated author of the Musnad and founder of the anbal school, d. 241/855.

Received by Abu '-Muaar al-Shibl in 480 from Tirad b. Muhammad b. 'Al al-Naqb al-Kmil al-Hshimi al-'Abb

al-Zainabi, who heard it inq, d. 491/1098 at the age of 93, see sa Mhammad b. Rizq396ya, who heard it in 339 from Ab Ja'far Muhammad b. Yahya b. 'Umarad b. ARizq al-Baghd a l-Bazzz,

b. Harb 4 at Darb Rabah, who heard it from his great-grandfather 'AIl b. Harb b. Muhammad,5 from Sufyan b. 'Uyaina, from al-Zuhri,6 from Salim,7 from Abui Salim,8 from the Prophet.

1 The celebrated author of the Mesnad and founder of the Hanbali school, d. 241/855. 2 Abu 'l-Fawaris Tirad b. Muhammad b. 'All al-NaqIb al-Kamil al-HashimI al-'Abbasi

al-Baghdadi, Musannid of 'Iraq, d. 491/1098 at the age of 93, see Shadharat III 396. 3 Ibn Rizquya Muhammad b. Ahmad b. Muiammad b. Ahmad b. Rizq al-Baghdadi al-Bazzaz,

b. 325/937, d. 412/1021, see Shadhardt III 196. 4 Al-Ta'i al-Mausili, d. 340/951, see Shadharat II 357-8. 5 Abu 'I-Hasan al-Ta'i al-Mausili, d. 265/879, see Shadharat II 150. 6 Abi Shihab Muhammad b. Muslim b. 'Ubaid Allah, d. 124/742, see Encyclopaedia of Islam

IV 1239-40. 7 Salim b. 'Abd Allah al-'Adwi al-Madani, d. 106/724, see Shadharat I 133. 8 'Abd Allah b. 'Umar b. al-Khatfab, d. 73/693 at age of 84, see Encyclopwdia of Islam 128-9.

343

344 ~~~~A. J. ARBERRY-

By the same chain up to Sufyiin b. 'Uyaina.

III. Abu 'I-Fathi Muhammad b. 'Abd al-Bdq71 b. Alhmad b. Sulaimin Ibn al-Batt-i (b. 477, d. Thursday 25 Jum~dd I 564).1

a~ ~~~~4wa

Related on 2 RabI' II 556 by Abu 'I-Fathi Jbn al-Batti, who received it in 485 from Abil 'Abd Allah M5iik b. Ah~mad b. 'Al71 b. lbrThim al-BiiniyiisT al-Mdliki-,2 who received it in Rajab 405 from Abu l-Hlasan Alhmad b. Muh~ammad b. Ah~mad b. al-Qdsim b. al-Salt al-Qurash7i al-Mujabbir,s from Abil Ishdq lbrThim b. 'Abd al-Samad al-lldshimi, 4 from Abfi Mus'ab Ahimad b. Abi Bakr al-Zuhri,6 from Mdlik b. Anas, 6 from Ibn Shihdb, 7 from SAlim, from AMf S5ilim, from the Prophet.8

C. f

Received by the same chain from Mdlik b. Anas and above him by his isndd 9; also received by a second chain.

1 Ibn al-Batti al-Hi{&jib al-Baghdidi, Musannid of 'IrAq, d. 564 at age of 87, see Shadharat IV 213, Tabaqat al-Sh&fi'iya V 143, mentioned in Ibn KhallikiLn (tr. De Slane), No. 89, frequently quoted in 'Awdrif al-ma'&rif, cf. I 99, 124, 142, etc.

2 Ibn al-Farra' al-Baghdfldi, burnt to death at the age of 87 in the great fire of Baghdaid in Jumfddi II 485/July 1092, see Shadharatt III 376.

3Ibn al-Salt al-Ahwaizi, b. 324/936, d. 409/1018, see Shadharat III 188. 4 Abii 'All (Abfl Ishiiq) Ibrdhim b. 'Abd al-Samad b. Mfiisf b. Muibammad al-AmIr, last direct

transmitter of M&ilik b. Anas' al-Muwatkta' from Abfi Mu8'ab, d. Muh~arram 325/November 936, see Shadharelt II 306, Ta' rfkh Baghdeld VI 137-9.

5Abai Mus'ab al-Faqi-h, QSd41 and Miufti of Makka, heard al-Muwatta' from Milhik b. Anas, d. 242/856 at age of 92, see Shadharat II 100.

16 Founder of the Malliki school, d. 179/795, see Encyclopzsdia of 121am III 205-9. 7Muhammad b. Muslim b. 'Ubaid Allflh b. 'Abd Allah al-Zuhri, d. 125/743, see Tahdhib

al-Tahdhib IX 445-51 No. 732. 8This tradition occurs with the same isn&d in al-Muwa#a' (Cairo 1348) II 212. Thist tradition also occurs with the author's ie?nld as quoted in al.Muwatta' 1 309.

344

THE TEACHERS OF SHTHATB AL-DIN 'UMAR AL-SUHRAWARDI 345

IV. Ab&i Zur'a Tihhir b. Muhammad b. TTihir b. 'All b. Mu]hammad al-Siffi- al-Shaibiini al-Maqdisii (b. at Raiy in 481, d. at Hamadhitn on Wednesday,, 17 Rabi' II 566).'

Received from Abil Zur'a on Friday, 23 Rabi' I 558 by a chain including Abu 'I-Fath 'Abdils b. 'Ubaid AllTh b. 'Abdiis,2 Ab&! Bakr Muhiammad b. Ah~mad al-Tfisi,3 Muh~ammad b. Ya'qflb al-Asamm,4 and Abu 'lIalal'b~ b. al-Walid al-'Udhri al-BairfltL-5

This report goes back to Umm Salama.6

Shih&b al-Din al-Suhrawardi read the entire Sunan of Ibn Miija 7 with Abii Zur'a, who received the book from AbiT Mans&r Muh~ammad b. al-IHusain

I See Sh1adharizt IV 217 ; he is frequently quoted in the 'A wrif al.ma'azrif, of. I 121, 126, 136, 139, etc., II 32, 46, 54, 63, etc., etc.

2 'Abdfis b. 'Ubaid ARIIh b. Mu1bammad b. 'Abdils, Ra'is and Mu1baddith of Hamadhiin, d. 490/1097 at the age of 95, see Shadhkarat III 395.

3 Mnbammad b. Albmad b. Muhammad b. Hlamdiiya, d. c. 405/1014, see Ta'rilkh Baghdad I 277.

4 MuIbammad b. Ya'qiib b. Yilsuf b. Ma'qil b. Siniln al-Umawi al-Nisilbiiri al-Warrilq [great. great-grandson of the Companion Ma'qil b. SinAn al-Ashja'i, d. 63/683 at the Battle of H~arra, see Shadharat I 71], d. 346/957 at the age of 99, see Shadharat II 373.

11 Al-'Abbis b. al-Walid b. Zaid, d. 270/884 at the age of 100, see Skadharat II 160. IsHind bint Abi Umaiya, a wife of the Prophet, d. 61/681 or 59/679, see Shadhsarat I 69-70. 7One of the six canonical collections of Traditions; the author was born in 209/824 and

died in 273/886, see Brockelmann I 163, Suppl. I 270. VOL. XIIL PART 2. -06

A. J. ARBERRY-

b. Ahmad al-Muqauwimi,l from Abfu Talha al-Qasim b. Abi '1-Mundhir al-Khatib,2 from Abu 'l-Hasan 'Ali b. Ibrahim b. Salama al-Qattan,3 from the author.

jc 4l S \i j\j\r dMJ ,lj ,Ij jb <j41 Jir ?jAl j f-jS

V. Al-Qadi Abi 'Abd Allah Muhammad b. 'Abd Allah b. Muhammad al-Baidawi (b. 486, d. 4 Shauwal 558).4

u i^i ji>. , dc Jii- i J CeS U Jii ()

* i, #s-\1 ,

Received in 556 from al-Baidawi who received it from Abu 'l-Khattab Nasr b. Ahmad b. al-Nadr,5 from Abu Muhammad 'Abd Allah b. 'Ubaid Allah b. Yahya b. Zakariya' al-Baiyi',6 from al-Qadi Abu 'Abd Allah al-Husain b. Isma'il al-Mahamali,7 from Yusuf b. Musa,8 from Jarir,9 from

1 Muhammad b. al-Husain b. al-Haitham al-Qazwini, d. c. 484/1091 at the age of over 80, see Shadharat III 372.

2 Also al-Qazwini, d. 409/1018 or 410/1019, see Shadharat III 189. 3 Also al-Qazwini, d. 345/956, see Shadharat II 370. Ibn Maja was himself a Qazwini, so that

al-Suhrawardi received a sound and unbroken local transmission. 4 Not mentioned in Shadharat. 5 Nasr b. Ahmad b. 'Abd Allah b. al-Nadr al-Bazzaz, Musannid of Baghdad, d. 494/1101,

see Shadharat III 402. 6 Al-Baiyi' al-Mu'addib al-Baghdadi, d. 408/1017 at the age of 87, see Shadharat III 187,

Ta'rikh Baghdad X 39. 7 Al-Mahamili al-Dabbi al-Baghdadi, d. 330/942 at the age of 95, see Shadharat II 326. 8 Abu Ya'qub Yisuf b. Misa b. Rashid al-Qattan al-Kufi, d. 253/867, see Ta'rzkh Baghdad

XIV 304-5. 9 Abu 'Abd Allah Jarir b. 'Abd al-Hamid al-Dabbi, d. 188/804 at the age of 78, see Shadharat

I 319.

346

THE TEACHERS OF SHIHAB AL-DIN 'UMAR AL-SUHRAWARDI

al-A'mash,1 from Ibrdhim al-Taimi,2 from the latter's father,3 from Abu Mas'ud.4

il 4 -; .~ 1 J,yJ ,, ct ' J -;''(.)A o n C. C * ..

J, l I i l , ?! j>J1 ^,1 J ll L? I; jl (l;, , j; 1 J. .L '

, J . .. (JJ) J2j; ,l u .1. ..A. ,U1 J

Received by the same chain as far as Jarir, then from Mansar,5 from Slim,6 from Thaub&n.7

Related on the authority of 'A3.'isha1

VI. Abfl Bakr A1e.mad b. al-Muqarrab b. al-.IHusain b. al-.I:lasan al-Karkhi (d. 15 Dhu'l-.Iijja 563).9

5Js L3 <1 J 1 IJ J~J, 1 a U j ,1 1' J j J1 I

1 Ab5 Mu.hammad SulaimBn b. Mihran al-Asadi al-Kahili, d. 148/765, see ShadhardEt I 220-1.

No. 8913. 4 Aba Mas'iid 'Uqba b. 'Amr b. Tha'laba al-An~ri, see al-Isaba IV 337 No. 1034.

Aba 'Attab Man~ar b. al-Mu'tamir al-SulamI al-Kffi al-HIIfiz, d. 132/750, see Shadharat I 189.

6 Salim b. Abi 'l-Ja'd al-Ki, d. c. 100/719, see Shadhar t I 118. ? Ab5 'Abd Allah Thaubin al-Qurashi al-Hashimi, freedman of the Prophet; this anecdote

eceis given on the same uthority in Ab Nu'aim a -s Jbahi, then from Mansaul r from' I 182. lim from The Prophet's favourite wife, dn.7 58/678.

At the age of 83, see Shadhart IV 208.

VI. Abu Bakr Ahmad b. al-Muqarrab b. al-Husain b. al-Hasan al-Karkhi (d. 15 Dhu'l-.Hijja 563).9

i; 5 i s

U <J Ji^^ <J^ 4^1 J^> <J)1 J, jH I (\)

1 Abu Muhammad Sulaiman b. Mihran al-Asadi al-Kahil;, d. 148/765, see Shadharat I 220-1. 2 Ibrahim b. Yazid al-Taimi al-Kuff, d. 92/711, see Shadharat I 100. 3 Yazid b. Sharik b. Tariq al-Taimi, see Ibn Hajar, al-Isaba ff tamyiz al-Sahaba III 1390

No. 8913. 4 Abu Mas'ud 'Uqba b. 'Amr b. Tha'laba al-Ansarl, see al-Isaba IV 337 No. 1034. 5 Abu 'Attab Mansur b. al-Mu'tamir al-Sulami al-Kufi al-Hafiz, d. 132/750, see Shadharat

I 189. 6 Salim b. Abi 'l-Ja'd al-Kufi, d. c. 100/719, see Shadharat I 118. 7 Abu 'Abd Allah Thauban al-Qurashi al-Hashimi, freedman of the Prophet; this anecdote

is given on the same authority in Abu Nu'aim al-Isbahamn, Hilyat al-auliya' I 182. 8 The Prophet's favourite wife, d. 58/678. 9 At the age of 83, see Shadharat IV 208.

347

348 ~~~~A. J. ARBERRY-

0 -, ~ ~ ~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~6 oo

Received on a chain passing through al-Mah1imali in 329 from Fdtima,l Shih&b

al-DIn al-Suhrawardi having heard it in 562.

IA3I5

Related on the authority of Abfi Nadra.2

Rlate onte Autoiyo b Ai yfib 'OA~r

VII. Abu 'lQdsim Yah~yd b. Thiibit b. Bunddr b. IbrTifflm al-Baqq5,l

(d. 5 RabI' I 566).~ Recounted to al -Suhrawardi in 562.

1 Daughter of the Prophet, d. 11/632. 2 Mundhir b. MUli al-'AbdI al-Ba~ri, d. 108/726 or 109/727, see Shadhar&t I 135. This forms

part of the Prophet's kchutba said to have been delivered during the " Farewell Pilgrimage "

see Alimad Zaki- Safwat, Jamhzara khutab al-'Arab I 59, with authorities there quoted. 3 KhELlid b. Zaid, d. 51/671 or 52/672 at the siege of Constantinople, beneath whose walls he

was buried, see Shadharat I 57. Of Baghdaid, died over 80 years of age, see Shadharat IV, 218.

348

THE TEACHERS OF SHIHAB AL-DIN 'UMAR AL-SUHRAWARDI 349

<JLi>-oA JJ1 ; Q i\9 4:Jix ,S a l lJ> (j)

Anec oe ^ < (Jof) 1 {u dhaifa

Liii i J ,^I 91 ̂si ,^ ^a ^1 J.:j A2L L p4 S J 4= Sc: , y? 1, JuJI J la j{ ?l a )J:L; Jll Lis 4 J J. <ciJ

sr ;J *1 J *Li UJ j - Y JJ J J

Anecdote of Hudhaifa.1

(b. 488, d. Jumd I 567). Recounted to alSuhrawari in 556. L jl^4. ?.J;3, ?. ?,

2VIII. Ab M uhammad 'Abd Allah b Manot bh d-sibee h al-Mausili (b. 488, d. Jumada I 567).2 Recounted to al-Suhrawardi in 556.

^A Al J 1^ f 4c1 iJL 1^ c JLb Uc. J 9 w i^ J* iJ S9

Uf r^ J 4 (J^C <b, ,

A; ? * ? ?

1 Hudhaifa b. al-Yaman al'Abs al-bi Kufli, d. at Mada'in 36/656, see al-Isaba I 651-2 No. 1640. 2 Also of Baghdad, see Shadharat IV 222.

350 A. J. ARBERRY-

** t * #. o

o.."~ ,.k...r t,,, o. 1,?, A-, l ,.

I0P 4U\ 3J O^)Y 3> 4)) ̂ j C 1u iL;u J :1 ,

Anecdote relating to 'Abd Allah b. Mas'ud.1 ? C s?

4gX 4* . } J

Description of the death in action of Harm b. a Milhan.

UC iS'>. J)^ C,.:,, ,L~I Co,. Jti ); J,J ,i\ (r)

Dsii of this deat h s given ci of .Hay ab . uil n 1.

1s) cle (Jd) /o , yo 40J3r4j iea oe 6 s .- o

(J pL) V , J6 -U -Gl <lA ii S > J S JJ

1 Died in 32/653 or 33/654, see Encyclopedia of Islam II 403-4. A differently worded version of this incident is given in Hilyat al-auliya' I 124.

2 Uncle of Anas b. Malik, killed at the Battle of Hunain in 8/630, see al-Isaba I 653-4 No. 1646.

THE TEACHERS OF SHIHA!B AL-DIN 'UMAR AL-SUHRAWARDI 351

- 0L

4 4i31 (~4~O I J., i j d ua ' ? ~ (

Anecdote of AbiT! Huraira 1regarding Ka'b 2 and 'Abd AIlTh b. Sahim .

IX. Abu 'l-Mu'ammar 'Abd AllTh b. Sa'd b. al-Ilusain b. al-Hldtir (d. Raj ab 560) .4

Related by Zaid b. KhMiid al-Juhani, who was much addicted to the toothpick. 5 This and the following Traditions were received by al-Suhrawardi on Saturday, 2 RamadAn 556.

Tradition related by Hjakim b. HIJizm. 6

1 Died in 57/677 or 58/678 at the age of 78, see Encyclopcedia of 1slam I 93-4. 2 Ka'b al-AlWibr, famous for his information about the ancient scriptures, d. 32/652 or

34/654, see Encyclopcedia of Islam 1I 582-3. 3The Israelite, d. 43/663, see Shadhar5t 1 53, Encyclopcedia of Islam I 30-1. 4 Al-Attar al-Hlanbali, d. Monday, 8 Rajab 560, and was prayed over by 'Abd al-Qaidir

al-Jilaini the celebrated mystic; his name was originally I.Iudhaifa but he changed it to 'Abd Allah ; see Shadhar&t IV 189.

5AbS Talhia (Ab-S 'Abd al-RabmSn), d. 78/697, see al-Isaba II 49-50 No. 2880. I1 Hakim b. HizSim b. Khuwailid b. Asad al-Qurashi al-Asadi, nephew of Khadija, d. 54/674

at the age of 120, see Shadhardt I 60 ; the Tradition is explained in al-Nihx2ya fi gharib al-hadfth IV 21.

352 A. J. ARBERRY-

X. Abu Bakr Salama b. Ahmad b. 'Abd al-Malik b. al-Sadr (d. 8 Rabi' I 558),1 whom al-Suhrawardi heard in Jumada II 550.

<Jl ;1 < 41 J J. J; S3-J j -1 J *

. ( \) ,(>, jc ig1 e * O, ,1 t. i

Tradition related by Sa'id b. Yazid.2

ssJA. y ^\ jz g joX < s! s Y1 J LS1 L (y)

This Tradition is usually recorded in different terms.3

AkV I " J ' j

J,j Al;A A. > l cl J,io ?1 J JA A ,1- fl4?S)k Presumably AbL Maslma a-Azd, see Ibn Sa'd, Ta VI 21.

J>jl - i iSee al. 1 i i a I A1t , L in J A (Jli)

d~pJ^? ^L j OA) IS ^ll JLU IJA \J ^J^ {\\ j <^3 J

1,k1 l 5 J (J6) X ^ J ^. A, , l

-\j ,JiL >" <L^ 1,X sj; J\ J

I Not mentioned in Skadharat. 2 Presumably Abu Maslama al-Azdi, see Ibn Sa'd, Tabaqat VIIs2 21. 3 See al-Nih&ya fi ghoarb al-hadith IV 267, Lis2a al-'Arab XVI 134.

THE TEACHERS OF SHIHAB AL-DIN 'UMAR AL-SUHRAWARDI 353

XI. Abu 'l-Fath Yulsuf b. Muhammad b. Muqallad al-Dimashqi (d. 559),1 whom al-Suhrawardi heard in 556.

,Q j L3 (J I JkA 4L A l2 M c

LI?

_,~1 J _1 ~.i j? ' Y. ^j y J

1 _ .. 1; LL (.)

c, *7 J.

t mentioned in Skadkar&t.

LI -

See a bo . , tn. 1.r

Encylopaedia of Islam IIJ 1160.

Relat one d on a chain which mounts via Zahir b. Tahir 2 through Abu -Qasim 'Abd al-Karim b. Hawazin al-Qushairi.3

e3 j \ ^^\ II cLYI cx lj lj>>l A l*>.1 (t)

d^, SS l^^^ ̂ o <^^2J c ; (4 ?T y;1 Jf

XII. Al-Qadi Abu 'l-Rashid Ahmad b. Muhammad b. al-Qasim al-Abhari,4 whom al-Suhrawardi heard on the 'Id al-Nahr [10 Dhu 'I-Hijja] 556.

<u i1 OL 4 j \ 1 (J)

".4 aj , Lt j J oa Ji 1Not mentioned in Shadharat.

2 See above, p. 340, n. 1. 3 Author of the celebrated Risala and other Sufi books, b. 376/986, d. 465/1074, see

Encyclopcedia of Islam II 1160. 4 Not mentioned in Shadharat.

354 A. J. ARBERRY-

; jIL Jl"'- I I At \ L U JL a I Jl &AY Cc J Ac IczpI

dL' u, I Je (JS) L 1 , $A1 d^. , c 1 ;,

, ,.

Related on the authority of al-'Abb s b. Mirdas.l

(A; , 1 5 a S, ) L,lj ) & LL^ oJII XIII. Al-Qadi Abu 'l-Raja' Salim b. 'Abd al-Salam b. 'Ulwan al-Bawaziji,2 whom al-Suhrawardi heard in 560.

A 4UX A, 9J ^L9 4A . c\ JU1 p 2 (4)

3,31 S11 t ,

see Encyclopdi Ja of Islam I 12.

^jl s ,(J ^a;i c^^ _,I uLl, rrt J^, ^ , ^ u- L

2 Not mentioned in Shadharat; d. 532/1138 according to al-Subki, Tabaqdt al-Shdfi'iya IV 220, where his name is given as al-Baw&ranji [sic]. The nisba refers to Bawazij, near Takrit in al-Mau$il, see Yaqiit, Mu'jam al-buldan (Cairo edition) II 297, al-Sam'an, al-Ansab 93a.

THE TEACHERS OF SHIHAB AL-DIN 'UMAR AL-SUHRAWARDI 5

Anecdote of the death of Fatlh al-Mausili, 1 as reported by Yflsuf b. Ibrdthim b. MfiSjjA

J JJ'~ ~~~-1 ~4?(~9 J L~ SA .M j}

Anecdote about 'Ulaiyiin3 quoted from the 'Uqali' al-majannofAu'Qsm al-HFasan b. Muhammad b. Habib al-MufassirA

XIV. Abu '1Qdsim 'Abd Alldh b. 'Umar b. Muhammad b. al-Tarif al-Balkhi a1-Shdfi'i5 whom al-Suhrawardi heard on Friday, 3 Shauwdl 560.

XV. BishAra bint al-lRa'is Abi '1-Sa'~ddTt Mas'fid b. Mauihiib.6

11 Abil Na$r Fat1b al-Mau$ill, a well-known early fi1fi, d. 220/835, see Ta'rikh Baghdad XII 381-3, al-Sha'raLni, al-Tabaqelt al-kubra (Cairo 1925) I 68.

2Abii Ya'qfib Yiisuf b. lbrahim b. Mflsal b. Ibraihim al-Sahmi al-Qazziiz al.Jurjaini, see Ta' riich Baghd&d XIV 325.

-3 A well-known " mad " saint who lived in the second half of the 2nd/8th century. 4Of Nisalbiir, d. 406/1015, see Brockelmann I 156, Suppl. I 254; this anecdote occurs on

pp. 81-2 of the Cairo 1924 edition. 5Not mentioned in Shadhar&t; b. 502/1109, see Tabaq&t al-Sh&ft'iya IV 235, where his

name is given as Ibn al-Zarif. 6 Not mentioned in Shad har&t.

355

356 THE TEACHERS OF SHIHAB AL-DIN 'UMAR AL-SUHRAWARDi

.Lfx; Li' .1L A I

J JLe. o j ̂ 41

1 J Jy l SJ J

4; iS Wib ,; JB Y 'i? (js) k? J^;1 iL s,A41 ULw

This concludes the list of Shihab al-Din al-Suhrawardi's fifteen teachers of Tradition. The text as contained in the unique copy under review is based

immediately on the riwdya of al-Qadl Ra'is al-Sha'm 'Imad al-Din Abu 'l-Fadl Muhammad b. al-Qadi Taj al-Din Ahmad b. Muhammad b. Muhammad b. Hibat Allah al-Shirazi, wali of the hisba and other departments of Damascus and a leading man of the city, who died in Sha'ban 749/January 1349 of the plague.1 He in turn was following the riwdya of Shihab al-Din Abu '1- Ma'ali Ahmad b. Ishaq b. Muhammad b. al-Mu'aiyad b. 'All al-Abarqihi al-Hamadhani, who was born in 615/1218 at Abarquh (near Shiraz), studied at

Baghdad, Damascus, Cairo, and Jerusalem, died at al-Qarafa (or, some say, at

Makka) in 701/1302, and was known among his intimates as al-Suhrawardi because he had received the khirqa from Shihab al-Din al-Suhrawardi himself 2; he read the text with 'Imad al-Din al-Shirazi towards the end of Jumada I

699/February 1300. The tract was originally read with the author at Baghdad in 620/1223.

1 Ibn H.ajar, al-Durar al-kamina III 365. Ibid. I 102-3.