The Tablet Revolution – or iPad’s in the Courtroom

Fred Lederer, Chancellor Professor of Law & Director, CLCT, William & Mary School of Law

The ideal computing device?

• Probably not– Image is too small and controls aren’t

versatile enough (unless you use voice, which would not always be feasible)

– But, it’s coming. See Harry McCracken, Dick Tracy’s Watch: The Most Indestructible Meme in Tech Journalism http://techland.time.com/2013/02/11/dick-tracys-watch-the-most-indestructible-meme-in-tech-journalism/ (February 13, 2013) reporting that according to the NY Times, Apple is experimenting with a smart watch).

Features

• Highly portable – small and light• EASY• Large enough to do work or read

documents and books• Multi-media capable• Relatively inexpensive• Maybe even “fun”• Data/programs available on

multiple devices

E.g., the iPad – or a competitor• Lest we forget, the iPad was launched in January, 2010.• Apple sold 20 million in the first year.

Felix Richter, iPad - statistics and facts, http://www.statista.com/topics/877/ipad/

E.g., the iPad – or a competitor• In 2013, 150 million tablets will

ship – an increase of 38% over 2012;

• iPad has 60% of the marketABI Research, see Doug Drinkwater, Looks like Samsung will need to build a new OS if it wants to catch the iPad, http://tabtimes.com/news/ittech-stats-research/2013/04/12/looks-samsung-will-need-build-new-os-if-it-wants-catch-ipad

• “Gartner expects tablet sales to grow from 62.64 million units in 2011 to 326.3 million in 2013.”

Felix Richter, iPad - statistics and facts, http://www.statista.com/topics/877/ipad/

iPad• Approximately 88,000 of the

iPads sold between April and June of 2011 were purchased by lawyers. These numbers are likely overstated, but given that there are about 1.3 million lawyers with active licenses, this figure suggests that about 7% of practicing lawyers purchased iPads during from April to June of 2011.

Lawyers

• “with 91 percent of those lawyers who use tablet devices opting for the iPad. Of the remaining lawyers who own tablets, the vast majority chose an Android device.”

Nicole Black, iPad Statistics, Resources, and Apps for Lawyers (July, 2012), https://www.mycase.com/blog/2012/07/lawyers-love-their-ipads/

2012 ABA Tech Survey• In 2011, 15% of attorneys reported using a

tablet device for law-related tasks, and 13% of that 15% were iPad users.  In 2012, this number more than doubled.  33% of all attorneys now report using a tablet device for law-related tasks.  91% of that 33% are using an iPad, so that means that about 30% of all attorneys now use an iPad.  (For the 3% of attorneys who use a non-iPad tablet device, virtually all of them report using an Android device.) http://www.iphonejd.com/iphone_jd/2012/07/2012-aba-tech-survey-reveals-surge-in-lawyer-iphone-ipad-use.html

2012 ABA Tech Survey• “Over 80% are regularly using an iPad to

read e-mail and use the Internet, and almost everyone else reports doing so occasionally.  Over half regularly use their iPads to work with their contacts and calendars, about another 25% do so occasionally.  About a third regularly use iPad research apps”

http://www.iphonejd.com/iphone_jd/2012/07/2012-aba-tech-survey-reveals-surge-in-lawyer-iphone-ipad-use.html

Judicial use

• Apparently large• What would a judge want to

access?– Everything!

How many of you have tablets• Why?

iPads aren’t “technology”

2012 Trial apps – per Nicole Black’s article• Deposition and transcript apps:– TranscriptPad ($49.99) (iPad) – ExhibitView ($29.99) (iPad)–Mobile Transcript (free) (iPhone,

iPad, Android, BlackBerry)– The Deponent App ($9.99) (iPhone,

iPad)

2012 Trial apps – per Nicole Black’s article

• Jury selection– JuryTracker ($4.99) (iPad)– iJuror ($9.99) (iPad)– iJury ($14.99) (iPad)– Jury Duty ($39.99) (iPad)– iTestimony ($9.99) (iPad)– JuryStar ($39.99) (iPad)

2012 Trial apps – per Nicole Black’s article

• Trial presentation apps:– TrialPad ($89.99)– RLTC Evidence ($4.99) (iPad)– Exhibit A ($9.99) (iPad)–Now Trial Director as well

Court record• FTR now provides iPad control of

a multi-faceted application.

OR, tablet computers

• But larger and with far fewer apps

Jury monitors

• A growing interest• At least one experiment – in

Australia• Is this a good idea?– Theft?–Data/app security

Questions?

• How to connect in the courtroom?

• What will be the long term effect in the courthouse and elsewhere (left to later today)

• What are the technical support – including compatibility and security -issues from the IT side?

Use in the courtroom

• Place the tablet under a document camera.– Awkward with significant glare

possibilities, but it can work.

• Connect it to the distribution network.– But how and with make

consequences?– iPad’s are problematic

iPad connections

• Were intentionally made difficult by Apple.

• Wireless connections but not wired.

• Audio output but not video• No USB connection

The Apple TV option

The Apple TV option

• The Apple TV and the iPad are registered via iTunes on a PC

• The iPad communicates with the Apple TV via Wi-Fi (the Bonjour protocol).

• The Apple TV can be connected to the courtroom video distribution network via HDMI.

The Apple TV option

• Not available on iPad 1 and iPhone 4 and prior iPhone models

The Apple TV option

• Ordinarily, no more than 5 iPad’s can be connected to the Apple TV.

The Apple TV option

• Security issues– There is simple password protection

but NOT enterprise level– It’s possible for other Apple devices

to connect to the Apple TV and unintentionally display, especially if they have been previously connected.• One password works for everything.

– Potentially, counsel would have access to the courthouse network

Apple TV Option 2

• Connect the Apple TV to a computer, enable the “mirroring feature” on the iPad and the computer and then connect the computer to the distribution network.

AirPlay

• AirPlay allows later edition iPads and iPhones to stream media

• AirPlay allows iPads and iPhone to communicate with a PC which can be connected to the courtroom AV distribution system.

Advantages

• If you use a PC/Mac server:– The 5 device limit doesn’t apply– Each individual device is registered

separate and can be turned on or off at the PC• E.g., the judge’s iPhone isn’t allowed to

connect to the courtroom display system

–Higher level security is available.

Disadvantages

• Greater cost – you need the MAC or PC

• More technical complexity

Trial App demonstration

Reflections on tablet use

• Where is the underlying data?–On Dropbox or another “cloud”

server?–How secure is it?

Reflections on tablet use

• What are the consequences of ever increasing device usage?– For court operations? – For technical support?