THE SYSTEMS OF THE HUMAN BODYSCIENCE

JUAN FRANCISCO GARCÍA

RESPIRATORY SYSTEM“Remember to breathe. It is after all, the secret of life.”

― Gregory Maguire, A Lion Among Men

RESPIRATION AND THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM Breathing and respiration are often used to mean the same

thing. However, breathing is only one part of respiration.

It´s divided into two parts:

Breathing: involves inhaling and exhaling.

Cellular respiration: involves chemical reactions that release

energy from food.

RespirationIs the process by which a body gets and uses oxygen and releases

carbon dioxide and water.

RESPIRATION AND THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

Respiration

• The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between living cells and their environment.

• Includes breathing and cellular respiration.

Respiratory System

• A collection of organs whose primary function is to take in oxygen and expel carbon dioxide.

ORGANS OF THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

Nose Throat • Pharynx and• Larynx

TracheaPassageways• Bronchi• Bronchioles

Lungs

NOSE, PHARYNX AND LARYNX

LARYNX

Here are contain the vocal cords.

The vocal cords area pair of elastic bands

that stretch across the larynx.

When air flows between the vocal cords, the

cords vibrate producing sounds.

PHARYNXAir, food and drink travel through the

it.

It branches into two tubes.•The esophagus, leads to the stomach.•The larynx, leads to the lungs.

NOSEIs the main passageway into and out

of the respiratory system. Air can enter and leave through the

nose and the mouth.

TRACHEA, BRONCHI AND ALVEOLI

ALVEOLIIn the lungs, each bronchiole

branches to form tiny sacs called alveoli (sg. Alveolus)

Here is where the oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange happens.

BRONCHIThe trachea splits into two branches called

bronchi (sg. Bronchus).

One bronchus connects to each lung.

Each bronchus branches into smaller

tubes called bronchioles.

TRACHEAThe larynx guards the entrance to

a large tube called trachea.

The trachea is the passageway for air traveling from the larynx to the

lungs.

LUNGS

BREATHING

When you breathe, air is sucked into or forced out of your lungs.

It is done by the diaphragm and the rib muscles.

When you inhale, the diaphragm

contracts and moves down.

The chest cavity´s volume

increases.

At the same time, some of

your rib muscles

contract and lift your rib cage.

As a result, your chest cavity gets

bigger and a vacuum is

created. Air is sucked in.

Exhaling is this process in reverse.