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The Structure of The Structure of ResearchResearch
The Structure of The Structure of ResearchResearch
The Structure of ResearchThe Structure of ResearchThe Structure of ResearchThe Structure of Research
Begin with broad questions
narrow down, focus in.
Operationalize.
OBSERVEAnalyze data.
Reach conclusions.
Generalize back to questions.
The "hourglass" notion of researchThe "hourglass" notion of research
The Structure of ResearchThe Structure of ResearchThe Structure of ResearchThe Structure of Research
What is the opinion of a group of people?
How is their opinion related to other characteristics?
What factors affect their opinions?
What kinds of questions does science address?What kinds of questions does science address?What kinds of questions does science address?What kinds of questions does science address?
Descriptive:Descriptive:Descriptive:Descriptive:
Relational:Relational:Relational:Relational:
Causal:Causal:Causal:Causal:
The Structure of ResearchThe Structure of ResearchThe Structure of ResearchThe Structure of Research
Major Components in the ProcessMajor Components in the Process
The problem The problem as conceptualized The problem as experienced
The Structure of ResearchThe Structure of ResearchThe Structure of ResearchThe Structure of Research
The problem The research question
The theory or idea The hypothesis -- stated
in operational terms
Major components in the ProcessMajor components in the Process
The Structure of ResearchThe Structure of ResearchThe Structure of ResearchThe Structure of Research
The problem The research question The program (cause)
The program construct -- stated theoretically
The operationalized program
Major Components in the ProcessMajor Components in the Process
The Structure of ResearchThe Structure of ResearchThe Structure of ResearchThe Structure of Research
The problem The research question The program (cause) The units
The population The sample
Major Components in the ProcessMajor Components in the Process
The Structure of ResearchThe Structure of ResearchThe Structure of ResearchThe Structure of Research
Major Components in the ProcessMajor Components in the Process
The problem The research question The program (cause) The units The outcomes (effects)
The outcome construct(s) The operationalized measures
The Structure of ResearchThe Structure of ResearchThe Structure of ResearchThe Structure of Research
The problem
The research question
The program (cause)
The units
The outcomes (effects)
The design Who gets the program
Major Components in the Major Components in the ProcessProcess
