The Structure and Functions of the Musculo-skeletal … Structure and Functions of the Musculo-skeletal System 3 The Structure and Functions of the Cardio-respiratory System 1 The

The

Stru

ctur

e an

d Fu

nctio

ns o

f

the

Mus

culo

-ske

leta

l Sys

tem

1

The

Stru

ctur

e an

d Fu

nctio

ns o

f

the

Mus

culo

-ske

leta

l Sys

tem

1

The

Stru

ctur

e an

d Fu

nctio

ns o

f

the

Mus

culo

-ske

leta

l Sys

tem

2

The

Stru

ctur

e an

d Fu

nctio

ns o

f

the

Mus

culo

-ske

leta

l Sys

tem

2

The

Stru

ctur

e an

d Fu

nctio

ns o

f

the

Mus

culo

-ske

leta

l Sys

tem

3

What are the three different

types of joint?

What is the role of the platelets?

What type of joint is the wrist?

What movement pattern

is moving away from the

midline of the body?

What is the role of ligaments?

1

2

3

4

5

The

Stru

ctur

e an

d Fu

nctio

ns o

f

the

Mus

culo

-ske

leta

l Sys

tem

1

The

Stru

ctur

e an

d Fu

nctio

ns o

f

the

Mus

culo

-ske

leta

l Sys

tem

1

The

Stru

ctur

e an

d Fu

nctio

ns o

f

the

Mus

culo

-ske

leta

l Sys

tem

2

The

Stru

ctur

e an

d Fu

nctio

ns o

f

the

Mus

culo

-ske

leta

l Sys

tem

2

The

Stru

ctur

e an

d Fu

nctio

ns o

f

the

Mus

culo

-ske

leta

l Sys

tem

3

1

2

3

4

5

The three different types

of joint are fixed, slightly

moveable and freely

moveable.

Platelets help blood to clot.

The wrist is a condyloid joint.

Abduction is the movement

pattern moving away from

the midline of the body.

Ligaments connect bones to bones.

GCSE Revision • PE





The

Stru

ctur

e an

d Fu

nctio

ns o

f

the

Mus

culo

-ske

leta

l Sys

tem

3

The

Stru

ctur

e an

d Fu

nctio

ns o

f

the

Card

io-r

espi

rato

ry S

yste

m 1

The

Stru

ctur

e an

d Fu

nctio

ns o

f

the

Card

io-r

espi

rato

ry S

yste

m 2

The

Stru

ctur

e an

d Fu

nctio

ns o

f

the

Card

io-r

espi

rato

ry S

yste

m 2

6

7

8

9

The

Stru

ctur

e an

d Fu

nctio

ns o

f

the

Mus

culo

-ske

leta

l Sys

tem

3

The

Stru

ctur

e an

d Fu

nctio

ns o

f

the

Card

io-r

espi

rato

ry S

yste

m 1

The

Stru

ctur

e an

d Fu

nctio

ns o

f

the

Card

io-r

espi

rato

ry S

yste

m 2

The

Stru

ctur

e an

d Fu

nctio

ns o

f

the

Card

io-r

espi

rato

ry S

yste

m 2

6

7

8

9





What are the characteristics

of type I muscle fibres?

What does the vascular shunt

mechanism do?

What are alveoli?

What is tidal volume?

Type I muscle fibres use

oxygen, are red, slow, and

resistant to fatigue.

The vascular shunt mechanism

re-distributes oxygenated

blood to where it is most

needed.

Alveoli are small air sacs

where gases are exchanged.

Tidal volume is the amount

of air that enters the lungs

during normal breathing

when at rest.

Ana

erob

ic a

nd

Aer

obic

Exe

rcis

e

10

Ana

erob

ic a

nd

Aer

obic

Exe

rcis

e

10


What percentage of

maximum heart rate would

an athlete be working at

if they are working in the

aerobic zone?

An athlete’s heart rate would

be between 60%–80% of their

maximum heart rate when

working in the aerobic zone.

The

Shor

t- a

nd L

ong-

term

Eff

ects

of E

xerc

ise

Leve

r Sys

tem

s Pl

anes

and

Axe

s of

M

ovem

ent

The

Rela

tions

hip

betw

een

Hea

lth a

nd F

itnes

s

11

12

13

14

The

Shor

t- a

nd L

ong-

term

Eff

ects

of E

xerc

ise

Leve

r Sys

tem

s Pl

anes

and

Axe

s of

M

ovem

ent

The

Rela

tions

hip

betw

een

Hea

lth a

nd F

itnes

s

11

12

13

14





What are the long term

effects of exercise on the

cardio-vascular system?

What type of lever has the

fulcrum in between the load

and force?

What plane separates the body

into upper and lower parts?

Define body composition.

The heart gets larger and

stronger, the heart has

greater force, stroke volume

increases, cardiac output

increases, lower resting

heart rate, blood pressure

decreases, blood vessels

become stronger.

The first class lever has the

fulcrum between the load

and force.

The transverse plane

separates the body into upper

and lower parts.

Body composition is the

percentage of body weight

that is muscle, fat and bone.

Com

pone

nts

of F

itne

ss

Dat

a In

terp

reta

tion

1

15

Com

pone

nts

of F

itne

ss

Dat

a In

terp

reta

tion

1

15


How many minutes do

individuals have to run for on

the Cooper run test?

Individuals must run for 12

minutes on the Cooper run test.

Com

pone

nts

of F

itne

ss

Dat

a In

terp

reta

tion

2Th

e Pr

inci

ples

of

Trai

ning

1

The

Prin

cipl

es o

f Tr

aini

ng 1

Th

e Pr

inci

ples

of

Trai

ning

2

16

17

18

19

Com

pone

nts

of F

itne

ss

Dat

a In

terp

reta

tion

2Th

e Pr

inci

ples

of

Trai

ning

1

The

Prin

cipl

es o

f Tr

aini

ng 1

Th

e Pr

inci

ples

of

Trai

ning

2

16

17

18

19





What does the vertical jump

test measure?

What three things can

overtraining cause?

What can maximum heart

rate be used for?

Name examples of

plyometric training.

The vertical jump test

measures power.

Overtraining can cause

injury, illness, and poor

performance.

Maximum heart rate can be

used to identify if someone

is working aerobically or

anaerobically.

Examples of plyometric

training are bouncing,

jumping, hopping, bounding.

The

Long

-ter

m E

ffec

ts

of E

xerc

ise

20 The

Long

-ter

m E

ffec

ts

of E

xerc

ise

20


What are the long term

benefits of exercise to the

musculo-skeletal system?

Increased bone density,

muscles getting bigger,

muscles getting stronger,

increased tendon strength

and increased ligament

strength.

How

to O

ptim

ise

Trai

ning

an

d Pr

even

t Inj

ury

Effe

ctiv

e U

se o

f War

m-u

p an

d Co

ol D

own

Use

of D

ata

Phys

ical

, Em

otio

nal a

nd S

ocia

l

Hea

lth, F

itnes

s and

Wel

l-bei

ng

21

22

23

24

How

to O

ptim

ise

Trai

ning

an

d Pr

even

t Inj

ury

Effe

ctiv

e U

se o

f War

m-u

p an

d Co

ol D

own

Use

of D

ata

Phys

ical

, Em

otio

nal a

nd S

ocia

l

Hea

lth, F

itnes

s and

Wel

l-bei

ng

21

22

23

24





What does PARQ stand for?

What are the four stages of a

warm-up?

What is secondary data?

What methods can be used

to evaluate the success of

training?

PARQ stands for Pre-Activity

Readiness Questionnaire.

Stage 1: pulse raiser

Stage 2: dynamic stretching

Stage 3: practice activities

Stage 4: mental preparation.

Secondary data is using

previously published data.

Heart rate monitors, training

diaries, fitness tests, and

feedback can be used to

evaluate the success of

training.

The

Cons

eque

nces

of a

Se

dent

ary

Life

styl

e 1

25

The

Cons

eque

nces

of a

Se

dent

ary

Life

styl

e 1

25


What are the government’s physical

activity recommendations for

children and young people?

The government recommends

that children and young

people undertake 60 minutes

of physical activity a day.

The

Cons

eque

nces

of a

Se

dent

ary

Life

styl

e 1

The

Cons

eque

nces

of a

Se

dent

ary

Life

styl

e 2

The

Cons

eque

nces

of a

Se

dent

ary

Life

styl

e 2

Ener

gy U

se, D

iet,

Nut

riti

on a

nd H

ydra

tion

26

27

28

29

The

Cons

eque

nces

of a

Se

dent

ary

Life

styl

e 1

The

Cons

eque

nces

of a

Se

dent

ary

Life

styl

e 2

The

Cons

eque

nces

of a

Se

dent

ary

Life

styl

e 2

Ener

gy U

se, D

iet,

Nut

riti

on a

nd H

ydra

tion

26

27

28

29





What are the negatives of

using nicotine?

What is an individual at risk

of if they are overweight?

Has obesity for males

and females increased or

decreased since 1995?

Name the four macronutrients.

Nicotine increases your risk of

developing many cancers and

lung diseases.

Depression, coronary heart

disease, high blood pressure,

diabetes, increased risk of

osteoporosis, loss of muscle

tone, poor posture, poor

physical fitness.

Obesity for males and females

has increased since 1995.

The four macronutrients are

water, carbohydrates, protein

and fibre.

Clas

sific

atio

n of

Ski

lls

30 Clas

sific

atio

n of

Ski

lls

30


Describe an open skill.

The environment is constantly

changing, so skills need to be

constantly adapted.

Goa

l Set

ting

, SM

ART

Tar

gets

and

Info

rmat

ion

Proc

essi

ng

Gui

danc

e an

d Fe

edba

ck

on P

erfo

rman

ce

Men

tal P

repa

ratio

n,

Aro

usal

and

Per

sona

lity

Enga

gem

ent P

atte

rns o

f

Diff

eren

t Soc

ial G

roup

s in

Phys

ical

Act

ivity

and

Spo

rt 1

31

32

33

34

Goa

l Set

ting

, SM

ART

Tar

gets

and

Info

rmat

ion

Proc

essi

ng

Gui

danc

e an

d Fe

edba

ck

on P

erfo

rman

ce

Men

tal P

repa

ratio

n,

Aro

usal

and

Per

sona

lity

31

32

33

34





Enga

gem

ent P

atte

rns o

f

Diff

eren

t Soc

ial G

roup

s in

Phys

ical

Act

ivity

and

Spo

rt 1

What does SMART stand for?

What are the four types of

feedback?

What is positive self-talk?

Explain how gender can

affect participation in physical

activity and sport.

SMART stands for Specific,

Measurable, Achievable,

Realistic and Time-based.

The four types of feedback

are intrinsic, extrinsic,

concurrent and terminal.

Positive self-talk is where

individuals use motivational

and encouraging words to

help them achieve improved

performance.

Women do less sport than men,

fewer opportunities for women,

some women fear being judged,

some women lack confidence.

Opportunities for women in sport

are increasing, but are still low

in some areas and some religious

values do not support

women taking part.

35 35


Enga

gem

ent P

atte

rns o

f

Diff

eren

t Soc

ial G

roup

s in

Phys

ical

Act

ivity

and

Spo

rt 2

Enga

gem

ent P

atte

rns o

f

Diff

eren

t Soc

ial G

roup

s in

Phys

ical

Act

ivity

and

Spo

rt 2

Explain how ethnicity can

affect participation in physical

activity and sport.

Participation by ethnic

minorities in some instances

is low, racist behaviour can

prevent individuals from

taking part in sport, lack of

sufficient specific classes and

role models. Participation is

increasing.

Ethi

cal a

nd S

ocio

-cul

tura

l Iss

ues

in P

hysi

cal A

ctiv

ity a

nd S

port

Cont

empo

rary

Spo

rtU

se o

f Dat

a

36

37

39

40

Ethi

cal a

nd S

ocio

-cul

tura

l Iss

ues

in P

hysi

cal A

ctiv

ity a

nd S

port

Cont

empo

rary

Spo

rtU

se o

f Dat

a

36

37

39

40





Com

mer

cial

isat

ion

of P

hysi

cal

Act

ivity

and

Spo

rt

Com

mer

cial

isat

ion

of P

hysi

cal

Act

ivity

and

Spo

rt

What are the advantages

of having increased media

involvement in sport due to

commercialisation?

What is sportsmanship?

There are many reasons

for hooliganism in sport,

identify three reasons for this

occurring.

Name four ways in which

data can be collected.

Better-informed supporters,

increased awareness of the

sport, increased coverage and

can be viewed globally.

Sportsmanship is displaying

the qualities of fairness,

following the rules and being

gracious in defeat or victory.

Rivalry, media hype,

consumption of alcohol,

use of drugs, gang culture,

frustration, display of

masculinity.

Data can be collected face

to face, via telephone, using

post and using the internet.

Ethi

cal a

nd S

ocio

-cul

tura

l Iss

ues

in P

hysi

cal A

ctiv

ity a

nd S

port

38

Ethi

cal a

nd S

ocio

-cul

tura

l Iss

ues

in P

hysi

cal A

ctiv

ity a

nd S

port

38


What are the consequences of

deviance in sport?

Fines for clubs or individuals,

negative image for

participant(s) and sport,

sponsors or commercial

partners withdraw, negative

media portrayal and loss of

income to club / individual.

Documents

The Structure and Functions of the Musculo-skeletal … Structure and Functions of the Musculo-skeletal System 3 The Structure and Functions of the Cardio-respiratory System 1 The