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The Story of Wheat for Kids
Grades 3 to 5
1
TheNebraskaWheatBoard(NWB)wasformedin1955aftertheNebraskaWheatResourcesActwaspassed.ThemissionofNWBistoincreasebothdomesticandforeignconsumptionofwheatandwheatfoodproductsthroughmarketingandresearch,aswellastohelpdevelopandmaintainbothdomesticandexportmarketsfortheNebraskawheatproducer.AllNWBpoliciesareestablishedbyasevenmemberboardofdirectors.TheboardofdirectorsiscomposedofwheatproducersfromacrossNebraskawhoareappointedbytheGovernor.
Eachbushelofwheatmarketedinthestateisassessedanexcisetaxof0.4%ofnetvalueofwheatmarketedinNebraskaatthepointoffirstsale.ThesemoniesaredepositedintotheStateTreasuryandareusedbyNWBtoadvanceNebraska’swheatindustry.Toensurethatfundsarebeingspentinthebestway,theboardofdirectorsoverseesallexpenditures.
Nebraska’s Wheat Fields
2
Haveyoueverbeenonawheatfarm?HereinNebraskaabout1.6millionacresofwheataregrowneachyear.Nebraskaproducestwotypesofwheat:hard red winter wheat and hard white winter wheat. Most of the wheat is growninthesouthernpartofthepanhandlethroughsoutheastNebraskaandalongtheKansas-Nebraskaborder.
HowdoIknowsomuchaboutwheat?MynameisJennyJohnsonandIliveonaNebraskawheatfarm.Besides,Iliketoeatbread,pasta,cereal,pretzels,tortillas,andabunchofothergoodiesmadewithwheat.SinceIliketoeatalotofwheatproducts,Idecidedtolearnmoreaboutwheat.
Doyouwanttoknowmoreaboutwheattoo?Comewithmeandmytwofriends-WillieandWendyWheat.Together,wewilldiscoverhowfarmersgrowwheatandhowthisgoldencropbecomesthefoodswelove.
3
Welcome to Willie & Wendy Wheat’s
wheat farm.
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TherearehundredsofvarietiesofwheatgrownintheUnitedStates,buttheyaregroupedintosixclassesbasedonhardness,color,andthetimeofyeartheywereplanted.Thesixclassesofwheatare:hardredspring,hardredwinter,hardwhite,softredwinter,softwhite,anddurum.
Millersandbakersneedtoknowwhatclassofwheattheyareusing,becauseeachtypeofwheatmakesadifferenttypeofflourandisusedindifferenttypesoffoods.Hardwheatvarietiesareusedtomakebreadsandrolls.Thesoftwheatvarietiesareusedincakes,cereals,pastries,andcrackers.Durum,thehardestwheatofallisusedinmyfavoritefood,pasta-macaroni,spaghetti,lasagna,andmore.Hardredspringwheathasthemostprotein.Itisusuallyblendedwithotherclassesofwheattomakeall-purposeflour.
Wheat is “Classy”
Where Wheat is GrownColor in purplethestatesthatgrowsoftwhitewheat:Washington,Oregon,Idaho,Michigan,and New York.
Color in greenthestatesthatgrowhardredwinterwheat:Montana,Nebraska,Kansas,Colorado,Oklahoma,andTexas.
Color in bluethestatesthatgrowsoftredwinterwheatare:Missouri,Illinois,Indiana,Ohio,Maryland,Virginia,NorthCarolina,SouthCarolina,Kentucky,Tennessee,Arizona,Louisiana,Alabama,Mississippi,andGeorgia.
Color in yellowthestatesthatgrowhardredspringwheat:Montana,NorthDakota,SouthDakota,andMinnesota.
Color in red the statethatgrowsthemostdurum:North Dakota.
Hard white wheat is grownintheU.S.too,butitisgrownmoresporadicallyacross the UnitedStates.
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Here is a wheat kernel,orseed.Itisenlargedsoyoucanseehowcomplexonekernelis.Kernelsareverytinyevensmallerthanourlittlefingernails!Thereareabout50kernelsinaheadofwheatand15,000to17,000kernelsinjust one pound.
Thelargerinnerportionofthekerneliscalledtheendosperm.Itisthepartthatisgroundtomakewhiteflour.Thehardoutercoatingisthebran,sometimesusedincereals,muffins,andbreads.Thisportionismadeofmanylayers.Finally,thetiniestpartofthekernelisthegerm.Itisthepartthatgrowsintoanewwheatplantifthekernelisplantedinthesoil.
Whole-wheatflourismadewhenthewholekernelisgroundormilled.Whole-wheatflourcontainsallthreepartsofthekernel.
Warmmoistdaysmakethewheatplantsgrowquickly.Theyusuallygrowtobe2to4feettall.Awheatplanthasfourbasicparts:head,stem,leaves,androots.Theheadcontainsthekernels.Thestemsupportsthehead.Theleavesconductphotosynthesisandtherootsholdtheplantinthesoil.
Meet the Kernel
Plant Parts
Bran
Endosperm
Germ
6
Plant IdentificationFillintheblankswiththecorrectpart(s)ofthewheatkernel.Youwillusethesewords: bran endosperm germ
____________________1.Iamthehardoutercoveringofthekernel.
____________________2.Iamthesmallestpartofthekernel.
____________________3.Iamthelargestpartofthekernel.
____________________4.Iammadeofmanythinlayers.
____________________5.Imakewhiteflour.
____________________6.Iamwherethenewwheatplantbeginstogrow.
____________________7.Wemakeupwhole-wheatflour.
____________________8.Inourishtheyoungplantwhenitstartstogrow.
____________________9.Iamusedincereals.
____________________10.Iamthepartyoutouchwhenyouawholekernelofwheat.
Fillinthepartsofthewheatplant:leaves,head,roots,stem,kernel
Identifytheendosperm,bran,andgermofthiswheatkernel.
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Nebraskafarmers,likemymomanddad,growhardredwinterwheatandhardwhitewheat.Nebraskafarmersgrowabout65to75millionbushelsofwheateachyear.Thestateranks 11thinoverallwheatproduction.Nebraskaisjustoneofninestatesthatproducehardwhite wheat.
InNebraska,mostwheatissowed,orplantedinSeptember.Thisisbecausethewheatwillgrowalittlebitandthenstopgrowingwhenitgetscold,butnotdie.Whenitbeginstogetcoldthewheatwillgothroughvernalization.Vernalizationiswhentheplanthastobeincoldtemperaturesforacertainlengthoftimesothatitcancontinuegrowinginthespringwhenitgetswarmagain.
Longbeforethewheatcanbeplanted,muchworkneedstobedonetopreparethesoil.Mymomanddaduseafield cultivator or chisel plowpulledbyatractortotillthesoil.Achiselplowlookslikethepicturebelow.Itisbeingpulledbyatractor.Tillageissimilartohoeingagarden.Itbreaksthesoilintosmallpiecesandkillsweedsthatgrowearlyinthespring.Afterthesoilhasbeenbrokenup,myparentsplantwheatwithagrain drill.Thedrillcreatesafurroworgrooveinthesoil,dropstheseedinatanevendepth,coverstheseed,andpacksthesoil.
MyuncleJoepreparesandplantshisfieldsinalittledifferentway.Heusesano-till drillthatplacesthewheatseedinthesoilwithoutbreakingupthesoilintosmallpieces.Thismethodofplantinghelpspreventthesoilfromeroding,orwearingaway.Itconserves,orsaves,thesoilanditsnutrients.
Sowing the Way
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Whatevermethodfarmersuse,theyworkhardtofightinsects,plantdiseases,andweeds.Theirgoalistoprovideyouandyourfamilywithatasty,safe,andabundantfoodsupply.
The moisture,orwater,inthesoiliswhatmakesthewheatplantstarttogrow.Atfirst,thegerm,orthegrowingpartoftheseed,getsitsfoodfromtheendosperm.Asthewheatgrowstaller,itgetsfoodfromthesoilandthroughitsroots.Thewheatplant’sgreenleavesalsomakefoodfromthesunshinethroughaprocesscalledphotosynthesis.
Farmershavetomovefastwhenthewheatisripe,orreadytoharvest.WhileMotherNatureusuallycooperates,myparentsracetoharvestthecrop,becausearipewheatfieldcanbedestroyedbywind,rain,hail,andevenfire.Wheatcan’tbeharvestedifit’srainy.Wheatneedstobedrytobestoredwithoutspoiling.
Growing, Growing, Growing...
_____________________1.tproxe-sellingproductstoanothercountry
_____________________2.ceosnrev-savingthesoil
_____________________3.htsnhsspooytei-thewaywheatplantsmakefoodusingsunshine
_____________________4.drahdresgrnip-theclassofwheathighestinprotein&usedto
makeyeastbreads
_____________________5.asniemol-thecoarselygrounddurumendospermusedtomake
pasta
_____________________6.obnmeci-cuts,separates,andcleansgrainallatthesametime
_____________________7.erac-apieceoflandmorethanhalfaslargeasafootballfield
_____________________8.draeg-thepricefarmersreceivefortheirwheatattheelevator
depends on this
_____________________9.mdruu-theclassofwheatusedtomakepasta
_____________________10.lubshe-wheatisoftenboughtandsoldbythisunitof
measurementfordrygoods
Scrambled Terms
9
Casey Combine helps us with harvest.
10
Howdofarmersknowwhenthewheatis“justright”forharvest?Manyfarmerstakeasampleofwheattothelocalelevator.Therethewheatistestedtoseeifitisdryenoughtoharvest.Otherfarmers,likemydad,checktheirwheatthe“old-fashioned”way.Theyrubthewheatheadintheirhands,blowawaythechaff,orthestrawlikeoutercoveringofthekernel,andchewsomeofthegrain.Ifthekernelsarehardandmakeagummysubstanceastheyarechewedthefarmersknowthewheatisreadytobecut.
Becauseofallthedifferentclimates,wheatdoesn’tripenatthesametimeeverywhereintheUnitedStates.HarvestbeginsinMayinhotsouthernstateslikeTexasandOklahoma.AssummercontinuesharvestmovesnorthuptoNorthDakotaandMinnesota.InNebraska,harvestusuallybeginsinearlyJulyandlastsuntilmid-August,aboutthetimewestartanewschoolyear.
Wheatisharvestwithagiantmachinecalledacombine.Itcuts,separates,andcleansgrainallatthesametime.Beforethecombinewasinvented,mygrandparentshadtousetwoseparatemachinesforharvest-areaper,orbinder,tocutthegrainandathreshingmachinetoseparatethekernelsfromthechaffandstems.Thecombinegotitsname,becauseit“combines”thejobsofbothmachines.
Combineshavemadewheatharvestingmuchfasterandeasier.Itusedtotakethreewholedaystocutandthreshanacreofwheat.Anacreisapieceoflandthatismorethanhalfthesizeofafootballfield!Todaywithalargecombine,myparentscanharvestanacreinlessthansixminutes.
Whatexactlydoes“harvesting”mean?Itmeansthewheatkernelsareremovedfromthewheatplantandplacedintoahopperwhichislikeabigbowlthatwillholdthewheatonthecombine.Whenthehoppergetsfull,thewheatisunloadedintoatruck.Atourfarm,thetruckorsemiisusuallydrivenbymyolderbrotherorsister.Then,thegrainishauledtoastoragebinonthefarmortothegrainelevatorintown.
Pickin’ Time
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Sammy Semi helps us move the wheat
to storage bins.
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Thestoragebinsatagrainelevatorareusuallyreallytallwhitecylindershapedbuildings.Thegrainisemptiedintoapit,andthengetsraisedor“elevated”intooneofthetallbins.InmyhometownofWheaton,thegrainelevatoristhetallestbuildingaround.
Attheelevator,eachloadofwheatissampledandgradedforquality.Thepriceafarmergetsforthewheatdependsonitsgrade.Justlikesomeofmyfriends’allowancesdependonthegradestheygetinschool,thebetterthegradethemoremoneythefarmerreceives.
Fromtheelevator,thewheatissentbytrainortrucktoamill.Themilliswherethewheatisgrounduptomakeflourforourfood.Thetypeofflourproduceddependsupontheclassofwheatitwasmadefrom.
To Market, To Market
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We sell our wheat at the local elevator.
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Wheatisoftenboughtandsoldbythebushel,aunitofmeasurementfordrygoods.Abushelofwheatweighs60pounds.Fromonebushel,aflourmillcanmakeabout59poundsofwhole-wheatflouror42poundsofwhiteflour.Abakerythencanmake64oneandahalfpoundloavesofwhole-wheatbreador42oneandahalfpoundloavesofwhitebread.
• Onebushelofwheatyields42loavesofwhitebread.Theaverageoneandahalfpoundloaf(thesizeweusuallyfindinthesupermarket)has24slices.
• 24slicesX42loaves=1,008slicesofbread.That’senoughtomake504sandwiches!Ifyouateasandwichforbreakfast,lunch,anddinneritwouldtakeabout168daystoeatallthewhitebreadfromonebushelofwheat!
Whilewheatflouristhemainingredientinbread,thepriceofwheathaslittletodowiththepriceofbread.Didyoueverwonderwherethemoneygoeswhenyourfamilybuysaloafofbreadatthesupermarket?
Aoneandahalfpoundloafofwhitebreadcostsabout$3.00.Ofthatamount,thefarmergetsonly10to20cents.Therestofthemoneyprovidesjobsforotherpeoplewhohelpmakewheatintobread.Itpayspeoplewhoworkattheelevator,flourmill,bakery,railroad,truckingcompanies,andthesupermarket.Italsopaysforpackagingcosts.
Bushels of Fun
Who Gets the Dough?
15
ThewheatgrownhereandintherestoftheUnitedStatestravelstoothercountiessopeopletherecaneatwheatfoodstoo.Notallchildrengrowupeatingbreadlikeyouandme.Instead,someeatmostlyricefoods.WheatfarmersintheUnitedStatessendpeopletoforeigncountriestoteachpeopletherehowtomakeandusebreads,cereals,andotherwheatfoodsintheirdailydiets.Whenpeoplefromothercountriesrealizewheatfoodsaregoodforthemandtastegoodtoo,theircountriesbuywheatfromAmericanfarmers.
Wheat farmers exporttheirwheat,orsellittoothercountries,becausetheyraisemorethanweAmericanscaneat.Infact,theUnitedStatessellsabouthalfthewheatwegrowtoabout100differentnationsaroundtheworld-everywherefromJapantoVenezuela.
World Class Traveler
Bread Around the WorldPITAWONTON BAGEL TORTILLA SCONE FRYBREADCROISSANT
1.FromacountryinAsia,thesenoodle-doughdumplingsarefilledwithspicedmeat.Thentheyareboiledinsouporfriedandeatenasasidedish.___________________________
2.Madefromcornorflourdoughpattedintothin,flatrounds,andfriedonahotgriddle.ItisadailybreadinacountryonthesamecontinentastheU.S.__________________________
3.Niftylittlepocketbreadsfromthemiddleeastareround,flat,andhollowintheinside.Theymakegreatsandwiches._________________________
4.Flaky,tender,crescent-shapedrollsfromthelandoftheEiffelTower.__________________
5.BroughttoAmericabyPolishimmigrants,thesechewybakedrollswithaholeareofteneatenwithcreamcheeseorothertastytoppings._____________________________
6.Smallroundbreadsfriedinhotoil.Theyhavebeenmadebythethousandsforpow-wowsandotherspecialoccasions.___________________________
7.FromacountryontheislandofGreatBritain,thesebiscuitlikebreadsarecutintobig,thicktrianglesandbaked.Theyareusuallyservedwithtea._______________________
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Doyouseetheplatedividedintosectionsabove?Theplateremindsusofthekindsoffoodsandhowmuchofeachfoodweshouldeat.Somesectionsoftheplatearebiggerthanotherstoshowthatyoushouldeatmorefoodsfromthosegroupsandfewerfoodsfromgroupsinthesmallersections.Thegrainandvegetablegroupsarethelargest.
Thepartoftheplateontheupperrightisforthegraingroup.Color the grain section orange.WheatisthemostcommongraineatenintheUnitedStates.Othercommongrainsincludebarley,oats,corn,andrice.Weneedtoincludegrainsinourdietfortheenergyandothernutrientsthattheyprovide.
Wheat- the Energizer
17
Somefoodgroupshavelargersectionsontheplate.Thatshowsusthatweneedtoeatthesefoodgroupsmostoften.Foodswithaddedsugarandfatshouldbeeatenlessoften.Candy,chips,andsodaareforeatingonceinawhile,insmallamounts,aslongasweexercise.
Forexampleinthegrainsgroup,pastaisahealthylow-fatchoice.Cakes,cookies,pies,anddonutsarealsointhegraingroup,butarehighinfatandaddedsugar.Ieatthesefoodsonspecialoccasions.Then,Igooutsideforawalkwithmydogorfindanotherfunwaytoexercise!
For more nutrition lessons, visit www.choosemyplate.govNutritional information is also available at www.wheatfoods.org
Wheatfoodsprovidecomplex carbohydrates thatgiveourbodiesenergytorun,play,andwork.Complexcarbohydrateshelpourbrainsthinksowecangetgoodgradesinschool.Fiberinwheatfoodskeepsourdigestivesystemsmovingonschedule.WheatalsohasB-vitamins and ironthatourbodiesusetoturnfoodintoenergy,muscles,andhealthynerves.Athleteseatalotofwheatproductsforthesereasons.Theyknowwheatfoodsgivethemenergywithoutmanycalories.
Thevegetablesectionisnextonthebottomleftsideoftheplate.Color it green. Some kidsdon’teatenoughvegetables.Itisimportanttoeatdarkgreenandorangevegetables.Ilikebroccoli,carrots,spinach,andsweetpotatoes.
Color the next section in the upper left of the plate red for fruits.Ialwaysputfreshfruitinmybackpack.Apieceoffruitismysnackeveryday.Ilikedried,frozen,andcannedfruits.
Thelastsectionontheplateonthebottomrightisforprotein.Color it purple. Beef,pork,chicken,turkey,fish,nuts,beans,peanutbutter,andeggsareallfromthisgroup.Theyprovideironandprotein,whichisimportantinbuildingmuscles.
Thecirclenexttotheplateisforthedairygroup.Color it blue.Dairyfoodsaremadefrommilkwhichincludesyogurtandcheese.Calcium frommilkisimportantforbuildingstrongbonesandteeth.
Nowwithyourplatecoloredorange,greed,red,purple,andthecirclecoloredblue,remembertoeateverycoloreveryday.Thedifferentcolorsremindustoeatfoodsfromallthefoodgroups.
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Whenyouchoosewholegrainsforatleasthalfyourgrainservingseachday,yougetallthreehealthypartsofthewheatkernel.Fiberfromthebranisimportantforgoodhealth,andsoarethevitamins,minerals,andothernutrients.Justbecausebreadisbrowndoesnotmeanthatthebreadiswholegrain.Youwillknowafoodismadefromwholegrainifthewords“whole”or“wholegrain”appearbeforethegrain’snameintheingredientlist.Lookattheingredientlabelonfoodpackagessuchasbreadandtortillawrappersorpastaandcerealboxes.
Theotherhalfofyourdailygrainservingscancomefromothergrainfoods.Whiteflourmilledfromtheendospermofthewheatkernelisusedtomakewhitebread.Regularpastaismadewithsemolinamilledfromtheendospermofthedurumkernel.WhiteflourandsemolinaareenrichedwithironandfourB-vitaminsknownasthiamin, riboflavin, niacin, and folic acid.Enrichedgrainfoodslikewhitebreadhavetwicethefolicacid,thiamin,andriboflavinofwholewheat.Folicacidhelpsmomsgivebirthtohealthybabies.
Whole Grain is Healthy
Match Your Food to Your PlateEveryfoodgrouphasasectiononMyPlate.Choosethefoodgroupinwhicheachofthesefoodsbelong.
G=Grains F=Fruit D=Dairy V=Vegetables P=Protein
____Wholewheatbread
____Broccoli
____Chickennuggets
____Yogurt
____ Baked Sweet Potato
____ Peach
____ Roast Beef
____Cereal
____Milk
____Watermelon
19
Nothingtastesasgoodasasliceoffreshbreadrightoutoftheoven!Itissoft,fluffy,andchewy-good!Flourcanbemadefromothergrainslikerye,oats,andbarley.Wheatflourisusedmostofteninbaking,becauseitcontainsamagicalproteincalledgluten. Some other grainshaveglutentoo,butnotasmuchaswheat.
Iwillshowyouhowglutenworks,butfirstyouneedtoknowaboutanotheringredi-entinbreadcalledyeast. Yeast is what makes the bread rise,orincreaseinsize.Whenyeastismixedwithwarmwaterandflourtomakebreaddough,theyeastgets“active”andmakesthousandsoftinyairbubbles.Thesebubblesneedtobetrappedinthedoughsoitwillriseandbecomelight.Glutenhelpstrapthesebubbles.
Glutenisstretchy-sortoflikebubblegum!Theglutentrapsairbubblesfromtheyeastandkeepstheminthedough.Allthetinyholesinasliceofbreadwereformedbyglutenbubbles.
Sinceothergrainsdon’thaveasmuchglutenaswheat,breadmadefromothergrainsisheavier.Therefore,wheatflourisusuallycombinedwithotherflourstomakerye,pumpernickel,barley,andothermulti-grainbreads.
Thirsty Experiment Glutenisa“thirstyprotein”thatsoaksupalotofwater.Youcanseehowmuchglutenisindifferentkindsofflourwithasimpleexperiment.Youwillneed1cupofwheatflourand1cupofryeorbarleyflourFirst,mixenoughwaterwiththewheatflourtomakeasmooth,clay-likedough.Next,mixthesameamountofwaterwiththeryeorbarleyflourandstir.Whatdoyoudiscover?Becausethereisn’tenoughglutenintheothergrainflourtosoakupthemoistureitstaysstickyand wet.
CrossoutthelettersG,J,K,Q,U,andZtorevealgoodthingswheatfoodsprovideforyourgrowingbody.
G J C G O Q M P Z L E J X Z C K A K R B K O K H K Y D R G A J T E S Q UG Z K J Q U F K I J B E G R Z Q U J K J L O K W J K F J A T Z J K Q U ZK J G U Q G U V J I Q T A J M I N S K G J Z Q U Z J K Z P Z R J O T K E I J N G
It’s Magic!
Nutrition Cross-Out
20
Wendy likes to bake with wheat.
21
Let’s Bake Pretzels!
1½cupswarmwater(105°F-115°F)2packagesactivedryyeast¼cupsugar½teaspoonsalt¼cupvegetableoil
4–4½cupsbreadorall-purposeflour,divided*1eggwhite1tablespoonwaterSesameseedsorpoppyseeds
Measurewarmwaterintolargebowl.Sprinkleinyeast;stiruntildissolved.Addsugar,salt,oil,and3cupsofflour;beatuntilsmooth.Gradually,addremainingflourtomakeasoftdough.
Kneaddoughbyhandfor10minutesonalightlyflouredsurface.Coverbowlandletrestfor30minutes.Dividedoughinto24pieces;coverandletrestfor5minutes.Rolleachpieceintoauniform18-inchrope.Shapeintoapretzelbymakingacircle,overlappingthetwoends,twistingtheendsonce,andthenpressingthemontothebottomcurveofthecircle.Doughmayalsobeshapedinto8-inchbreadsticks.
Placeongreasedbakingsheets.Beateggwhiteandwatertogether;brushpretzeltops.Sprinklewithsesameorpoppyseeds.Bakeinapreheated,425°Fovenfor12to15minutesoruntilgoldenbrown.Removefrombakingsheets;coolonwirerack.Eatwhencoolandenjoy!
Makes24pretzels.
NutritionalAnalysis:Eachpretzelprovides108calories(21percentfromfat),2.4gramsofprotein,2.5gramsoffat,19gramsofcarbohydrates,0.7gramsfiber,and134milligramssodium.
*Uptotwocupsofwhole-wheatflourmaybesubstitutedforanequalamountofall-purposeflour
22
Wheat Foods Crossword PuzzleWORD BANK
GRAVYSANDWICHSPAGHETTIRAVIOLIPRETZELBREADLICORICEPANCAKEBUNSFLOUR
MACARONIROLL
BAGELWAFFLE
LASAGNACEREALTORTILLA
CREAMOFWHEATCROISSANTBREADSTICKS
Across1.Aflaky,rich,crescent-shapedroll.2.Asaltedsnackfoodshapedlikefoldedarms.3.Hamburgersandhotdogsareservedonthisbread.4.Asmallroundloafofbreadeatenwithameal.5.Eatenonmashedpotatoes;rhymeswithgravy.7.Abreakfastfoodwithsquare-shapeddentsalloverit.9.Roundandflat,thisbreakfastfoodisservedwithsyrup.13.Theoutercoveringoftacos.14.Abakeddishmadeoflayersofbroadflatpasta,cheese,tomatoes,andmeat.15.Smallpocketsofpastafilledwithmeatorcheese. 17.Abreakfastfoodservedinabowlandcoveredwithmilk.18.Apeanutbutterandjelly____________.
Down1.Ahotcream-stylecereal.2.Ahard,glazed,ringshapedrolloftenspread with cream cheese.6.Acandyropethatisusuallyredorblack.8.Longskinnypastaofteneatenwithmeatballs.10.Curvedtubularpastaoftenservedwithcheese. 11.Longnarrowstripsofbreadoftenservedwith pasta and pizza.12.Finelygroundwheatkernelsusedtomakebread.16.Servedtoastedforbreakfast.
23
Whenyouheartheword“wheat”,doyouautomaticallythinkofbreadandpasta?IknowIdo.Didyouknowthatwheatcanbeusedforthingsotherthanfood?Wheatandwheatstrawhavemanyalternativeuses.Thismakeswheatavaluablecrop.Alltheitemslistedbelowcan be made from wheat. Place an X beside those that you and your family use each day.
____cosmetics
____pet,livestock,andfishfeed
____drugstoreproducts
____eatingutensils
____ethanolforgaspurification
____particleboard
____ food thickener
____foodtraysandcontainers
____genetictests
____insulation
____packagingmaterials
____ paper
____laundrysoap
____roofingandbuildingmaterials
____shootingtargets
____ sweetener
____trashbags
Beyond the Table
24
1. WhattypeofwheatismostcommoninNebraska?
2.Thesmallestpartofthewheatkerneliscalledthe_____________.
3.Whatistheprocesscalledwhenawheatplant’sleavesmakefoodfromthesun?
4.Wheatistakenintothe_____________________intownforstorage.
5.Howmuchdoesabushelofwheatweigh?25lbs.60lbs.100lbs.
6.Howmanyloavesofwheatbreaddoesonebushelofwheatmake?206495
7.WhichareNOTpartsofawheatplant:headfootleavesstemtrunkkernelroots
8.TrueorFalse:WheatcanNOTbeharvestedifitistoowet.
9.TrueorFalse:TheUnitedStatesusesallofthewheatitgrows.
10.Whatmachinedofarmersusetoharvesttheirwheat?
Well,nowyouknowallaboutwheat,thecropthatmyfamilygrowsonourfarm.Let’sseewhatyourememberaboutthisimportantandversatilegrain.
Summary
Wheat Quiz
25
Answers
Bran
Endosperm
Germ
NUTRITION CROSS-OUTG J C G O Q M P Z L E J X Z C K A K R B K O K H K Y D R G A J T E S Q UG Z K J Q U F K I J B E G R Z Q U J K J L O K W J K F J A T Z J K Q U ZK J G U Q G U V J I Q T A J M I N S K G J Z Q U Z J K Z P Z R J O T K E I J N G
ComplexCarbohydrates,Fiber,Low-Fat,Vitamins,Protein
SCRAMBLED TERMS1.export 6.combine2.conserve 7.acre3.photosynthesis 8.grade4.hardredspring 9.durum5.semolina 10.bushel
PLANT IDENTIFICATION
1. bran2.germ3. endosperm4.bran5. endosperm6.germ7.bran,germ,endosperm8. endosperm9. bran10.bran
Wheat Plant Diagram Wheat Kernel Diagram
FOOD MATCHINgGWhole-wheatbreadVBroccoliDYogurtVBakedPotatoFPeachP Roast BeefGCerealDMilkFWatermelon
WHEAT QUIz1. hard red winter wheat2.germ3.photosynthesis4.grainelevator5.60lbs.6.647.footandtrunk8. True9.False10.combine
Wheat Foods Crossword Puzzle
BREAD AROUND THE WORLD1.wonton 2.tortilla 3.pita 4.croissant 5.bagel 6.frybread 7.scones
Nebraska Wheat Board301CentennialMallSouth•P.O.Box94912•Lincoln,NE68509
Phone(402)471-2358•Fax(402)471-3446E-mail:[email protected]•Website:www.nebraskawheat.com
Adapted from “Wheat for Kids” in 1994. Revised in 1999, 2001, 2005, and 2011.