THE SKELETAL SYSTEMChapter 1 Section 2Pages: 12 - 19

Objectives:*Describe the roles of the skeleton*Describe the structure and function of bone

Skeleton: Your body’s framework; includes all of yourBones. *206 bones in an adult’s body.

5 Major Functions of the Skeleton:*Provides shape and support for the body

*Enables you to move

*Protects internal organs

*Produces blood cells

*Stores certain materials until you need them

Vertebrae: 26 small bones that make up your backbone.

Joint: A place in the body where two bones come together.

Movable Joints: Allow the body to make a wide range ofmovements.

*Hinge Joint: knees and elbows

*Ball-and-Socket Joint: Shoulder and Hip

*Pivot Joint: Neck

*Gliding Joint: Wrist and Ankle

Immovable Joints: Connects bones in a way that allowslittle or no movement. (ex. Skull, joints of ribs to sternum)

Ligaments: Strong bands of connective tissue that holdsBone to bone.

Cartilage: Connective tissue that is more flexible thanBone. Ex. *Nose *Ear *Cover on ends of bones for cushion

Bone Structure:

*Compact Bone: Hard, dense material nerves and blood vessels run through.

*Spongy Bone: Has many small spaces within so it is light weight and strong

*Marrow: A soft connective tissue in your bones

Red Marrow: Produces red blood cells

Yellow Marrow: Stores fat

Bone Strength: Bones are hard because they are made of tightly packed minerals – Phosphorous & Calcium**They are stronger than concrete and granite.

Bone Growth:

*Because your bone cells are alive, they form new bonetissue as you grow.

*Bone tissue continues to form as bones absorb the force of your weight.

*After a break, new bone tissue forms to close and repair the break.

Bone Care:

A combination of a balanced diet and regular exercisecan give you a lifetime of healthy bones.

Healthy Diet: Meat, grains, & leafy greens = Phosphorous & CalciumDairy Products = Calcium

Exercise:Builds and maintains strong bonesPrevents Osteoporosis

Osteoporosis: A condition where bones lose mineral andbecome weak and break easily.