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2 The Shipping Industry in India The Indian shipping industry is massive considering its fleet of more than 615 ships with a total capacity of 6.65 million tons Gross Registered Tonnage, or GRT. Nearly 260 ships take care of overseas trade while others take care of domestic needs. A remarkable growth in the numbers of tugs, survey vessels, towing vessels and pilot vessels belonging to ports and maritime boards in the recent past shows that the industry is fast developing. Among the dominant shipping companies, SCI and Great Eastern Shipping operate mixed fleets, while Essar Shipping deals with energy trade and operates tankers. Another significant contributor in India is Varun Shipping, which operates wet, dry bulk, gas and chemical goods transport vessels. The Shipping Corporation of India (SCI) recently celebrated its Golden Jubilee. SCI started as a marginal liner shipping company with only 19 vessels in 1961 but is now the largest Indian shipping Company. Its fleet is comprised of bulk carriers, crude oil tankers, product tankers, container vessels, passenger-cum-cargo vessels, phosphoric acid/chemical carriers, LPG/ammonia carriers and offshore supply vessels. The importance of ports sector can be gauged from the fact that nearly 90 per cent by volume (70 per cent by value) of India's international trade is through the maritime route. Ports sector is classified into two categories major ports and minor ports. India is currently served by 13 major ports and around 180 minor ports, located along 7,517-km long coastline. Kandla, Chennai and Visakhapatnam are the three largest major ports (by capacity), with Kandla and JNPT handling the highest cargo traffic. Major ports are run by port trusts (except Ennore). Gujarat and Maharashtra account for the maximum number of minor ports; Gujarat leads the country in the development and operation of minor ports. Tariffs at major ports are regulated by the Tariff Authority of Major Ports while minor ports have the flexibility to set their own tariff rates. The government has allowed 100 per cent FDI in this sector. Many international players like Maersk, Dubai Ports International, and PSA Singapore have already made significant investments in port infrastructure under PPP route. Minor ports are being developed by domestic and international private investors. E.g. Pipavav Port by Maersk and Mundra Port by Adani Group.
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The Shipping Industry in India The Indian shipping industry is massive considering its fleet of more than 615 ships with a total capacity of 6.65 million tons Gross Registered Tonnage, or GRT. Nearly 260 ships take care of overseas trade while others take care of domestic needs. A remarkable growth in the numbers of tugs, survey vessels, towing vessels and pilot vessels belonging to ports and maritime boards in the recent past shows that the industry is fast developing.
Among the dominant shipping companies, SCI and Great Eastern Shipping operate mixed fleets, while Essar Shipping deals with energy trade and operates tankers. Another significant contributor in India is Varun Shipping, which operates wet, dry bulk, gas and chemical goods transport vessels. The Shipping Corporation of India (SCI) recently celebrated its Golden Jubilee. SCI started as a marginal liner shipping company with only 19 vessels in 1961 but is now the largest Indian shipping Company. Its fleet is comprised of bulk carriers, crude oil tankers, product tankers, container vessels, passenger-cum-cargo vessels, phosphoric acid/chemical carriers, LPG/ammonia carriers and offshore supply vessels.
The importance of ports sector can be gauged from the fact that nearly 90 per cent by volume (70 per cent by value) of India's international trade is through the maritime route. Ports sector is classified into two categories major ports and minor ports. India is currently served by 13 major ports and around 180 minor ports, located along 7,517-km long coastline. Kandla, Chennai and Visakhapatnam are the three largest major ports (by capacity), with Kandla and JNPT handling the highest cargo traffic.
Major ports are run by port trusts (except Ennore). Gujarat and Maharashtra account for the maximum number of minor ports; Gujarat leads the country in the development and operation of minor ports. Tariffs at major ports are regulated by the Tariff Authority of Major Ports while minor ports have the flexibility to set their own tariff rates. The government has allowed 100 per cent FDI in this sector. Many international players like Maersk, Dubai Ports International, and PSA Singapore have already made significant investments in port infrastructure under PPP route.
Minor ports are being developed by domestic and international private investors. E.g. Pipavav Port by Maersk and Mundra Port by Adani Group.
Ports of India Region/state/UT Total Major Port Names Major
PortsMinor Ports
Total
West coast Gujarat
Kandla 1
42
43
Maharashtra Mumbai, Navasheva
2 48 50
Karnataka New Mangalore 1 10 11Kerala Cochin 1 17 18
Goa Murmugao 1 5 6Daman & diu (-) - 2 2
Lakshadweep islands (-) - 10 10East coast
Tamil Ndau Chennai,Tuticorin,
Ennore
3
15 18
Pondicherry (-) - 2 2Andaman Nicobar & Islands
(-) - 23 23
Andhra Pradesh Vizag 1 12 13Orissa Paradip 1 13 14
West Bengal Calcutta 1 1 2Total 12 200 212
