The Seven Stages of the Universe The Seven Stages of the Universe Bio/EPS/Phys 210 Epic of Evolution

The Seven StagesThe Seven Stagesof the Universeof the Universe

The Seven StagesThe Seven Stagesof the Universeof the Universe

Bio/EPS/Phys 210Epic of Evolution

t=0

Stage 1:The Big Bang

t=14 sec

The seven stages of the universeThe seven stages of the universeThe seven stages of the universeThe seven stages of the universe

Stage 2: The Sub-Nuclear EraStage 2: The Sub-Nuclear EraStage 2: The Sub-Nuclear EraStage 2: The Sub-Nuclear Era

t=14 secT=3 billion degrees and coolingt=14 secT=3 billion degrees and cooling

t = 3 minutest = 3 minutes

PN

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Photon

PP

P

P

N

N

P

P

P

e

e

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e

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e

Phot

on

Phot

on

PhotonPhoton

Photon

Photon

WIMP

WIMP

WIMP

WIMP

WIMP

WIMP


Pe

Photon

P

P

P

P

P

P

P

e

e

e

e

ee

e

Phot

on

Phot

on

PhotonPhoton

Photon

Photon

WIMPWIMP

WIMP

WIMP

WIMP

WIMP

Stage 3: The Nuclear EraStage 3: The Nuclear EraStage 3: The Nuclear EraStage 3: The Nuclear Era

t = 3 minutesT=1 billion degrees and coolingt = 3 minutesT=1 billion degrees and cooling

P

P

P

He

P

Big Bang NucleosynthesisBig Bang Nucleosynthesis


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The main products of The main products of Big Bang NucleosynthesisBig Bang NucleosynthesisThe main products of The main products of Big Bang NucleosynthesisBig Bang Nucleosynthesis

HydrogenHydrogenHydrogenHydrogen HeliumHeliumHeliumHeliumBio/EPS/Phys 210Epic of Evolution

Stage 4: The Atomic EraStage 4: The Atomic EraStage 4: The Atomic EraStage 4: The Atomic Era

t = 380,000 yearsT=10,000 degrees and coolingt = 380,000 yearsT=10,000 degrees and cooling

HydrogenHelium

WIMP

Photon

Photon

Photo

n

Phot

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oton

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WIMP

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The Cosmic Background Radiation



Stage 5: The Gravity EraStage 5: The Gravity EraStage 5: The Gravity EraStage 5: The Gravity Era

t = 1 million yearst = 1 million years

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Simulations performed at the National Center forSupercomputer Applications by Andrey Kravtsov (U of Chicago) and Anatoly Klypin (New Mexico State). Visualizations by Andrey Kravtsov.

Matter (including those pesky WIMPS) dominates over radiation




Stage 5: The Gravity EraStage 5: The Gravity EraStage 5: The Gravity EraStage 5: The Gravity Era

TheoryTheoryTheoryTheory ObservationObservationObservationObservation





Supernova 1998bu in M96

Galaxies, Stars and the ElementsGalaxies, Stars and the ElementsGalaxies, Stars and the ElementsGalaxies, Stars and the Elements


Why do we think it’s correct?Why do we think it’s correct?Why do we think it’s correct?Why do we think it’s correct?

•Expansion of the universeExpansion of the universe•Expansion of the universeExpansion of the universe

DistanceDistance

Velo

city

Velo

city

•Big-bang nucleosynthesisBig-bang nucleosynthesis•Big-bang nucleosynthesisBig-bang nucleosynthesis

•Cosmic background Cosmic background radiation radiation•Cosmic background Cosmic background radiation radiation

•Large-scale structureLarge-scale structure•Large-scale structureLarge-scale structureQuickTime™ and a

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Audit of the Universe’s BooksAudit of the Universe’s BooksAudit of the Universe’s BooksAudit of the Universe’s Books

Heavy elements (us) 0.03%


Stage 6: The Geology EraStage 6: The Geology EraStage 6: The Geology EraStage 6: The Geology Era

t = 9.1 billion years (4.5 billion years ago)t = 9.1 billion years (4.5 billion years ago)






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Stage 7: The Biology EraStage 7: The Biology EraStage 7: The Biology EraStage 7: The Biology Era

t = 10.1 billion years (3.5 billion years ago)t = 10.1 billion years (3.5 billion years ago)


















A Science-Religion War?A Science-Religion War?A Science-Religion War?A Science-Religion War?

“The Atheists”

Richard Dawkins, The God Delusion

Christopher Hitchens, God is not

Great: How Religion Poisons Everything

Steven Weinberg, Facing Up: Science

and its Cultural Adversaries

“The Atheists”

Richard Dawkins, The God Delusion

Christopher Hitchens, God is not

Great: How Religion Poisons Everything

Steven Weinberg, Facing Up: Science

and its Cultural Adversaries

“The Religious Right”

Institute for Creation Research

Center for Science & Culture

(Intelligent Design)

William Dempski, Mere Creation:

Science Faith and Intelligent Design

Kitzmiller v. Dover PA School Board

“The Religious Right”

Institute for Creation Research

Center for Science & Culture

(Intelligent Design)

William Dempski, Mere Creation:

Science Faith and Intelligent Design

Kitzmiller v. Dover PA School Board

Rabbi Barry Block, Temple Beth-El, San Antonio

Does the religious right believe God to be so limited as to be unable to create the universe in a “big bang”?[Do secularists] presume to know the source of the matter that “banged”?

Rabbi Barry Block, Temple Beth-El, San Antonio

Does the religious right believe God to be so limited as to be unable to create the universe in a “big bang”?[Do secularists] presume to know the source of the matter that “banged”?


The Seven Days of Creation (Genesis)The Seven Days of Creation (Genesis)The Seven Days of Creation (Genesis)The Seven Days of Creation (Genesis)

Day 1: God created day and nightDay 2: Water and skyDay 3: Earth and seas, vegetationDay 4: Sun and moonDay 5: Fish and birdsDay 6: Beasts and humankindDay 7: Sabbath/Shabbat

Day 1: God created day and nightDay 2: Water and skyDay 3: Earth and seas, vegetationDay 4: Sun and moonDay 5: Fish and birdsDay 6: Beasts and humankindDay 7: Sabbath/Shabbat


Do God and Science Meet?Do God and Science Meet?Do God and Science Meet?Do God and Science Meet?

Science asks how things came to be

Religion asks why

Science evolves in response to new data from observation or

experiment

Religion evolves in response to human

needs

Scientific knowledge is universal

Religion is personal, communal


Documents

The Seven Stages of the Universe The Seven Stages of the Universe Bio/EPS/Phys 210 Epic of Evolution