FIFTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT

OF

THE SANTAL MISSION

OF THE

NORTHERN CHURCHES (THE INDIAN HOMI'; MISSION TO THE SANTALS)

FOR THE YEAR 1917-1918.

~,

DUMKA:

<; PUBLISHED BY TJJE SAN~AL MISSION OF. 'l'HE NORTHERN CHURCHJ:1S.

Day Missions Lfbrary I' THE

FIFTY-FIRST ANNUAL R.EPORT , OF

THE SANTAL MISSION

OF THE

NORTHERN CHURCHES

(THE INDIAN HOMI~ MISSION TO THE SANTALS)

FOR THE YEAR 1917-1918.

•

DUMKA:

PUBLISHED BY THE SANTAL MISSION OF THE NORTHERN CHURCHES.

1919,

PRINTED AT 'l'HE SANTAL MISS LON PRESS, BENAGARIA.

PRESS PROPRIETOR: THE SANTAL MISSION OF THE NORTHERN CHURCHES,

SECRETARY: REV. P. O. BODDING.

THE SANTAL MISSION OF THE NORTHERN CHURCHES.

~ttrtbl:tJ} anb cmrea.surtr. Rev. P. O. ,BODDING.

IJumka, Santal Parganas, Bihar.

9lh.;.sianarie.s. MISS ESTHRR ANDRESEN ( arrived in India Decemher 191"6), Dumka.

REV. P O. BODDING (al;rived in India January 1890), Dnmka.

DR. B. B. BOGa (arrived in India December 1915), Benagaria.

MISS NANCY DIESEN (arrived in India December 1911), onfu1'Z,

REV. J. P. GAUSDAL (arrived in India November 1915), Assam Colony.

MISS ANNA JENSEN (arrived in India March 1908), Maharo.

REV. J. JENSEN (arrived in India December 1916), Koroya.

REV. & :J\fRS. M. J ORNE (an'. in India Dec. 1911), Benagaria.

REV. & MRS. H. P. H. KAMPP (arr. in India Nov. 1915 & March 1~18), Tilabani.

MISS DR. C. LARSEN (arrived in India November 1915), Dl1ll1ka.

MR. & 1\IR8. H. J. ~IUSTO:N (joined the :\{ission Febr. 1878), Dumka.

MRS. L. P. NIELSEN (arr. in India Novr. 1912), Benagaria.

MR. & MRS. J. J. ·OF8TAD (arrived in India 1903 and 1907), Kaerabani.

REY. & MRS. K. OFSTAD (arrived in India ~ovember 1915 & May 1917)

Chondorpura.

REV. & MRS. R. ROSENLUND (arrived imIndia FebI'. 1910), Kaerabani.

REV. & MRS. F. W. STEINTHAL (joined th~ Mission 1913), Benagaria.

REV. H. WINDING (arrived in India May 1917), Assam Colony.

CQtrusttell. REV. P. O. BODDING, Dnmka.

THE VEN. ARCHDEACON GUSTAV JENSEN, Kristiania, Norway. ~EV. COUNT VIGGO MOLTKE, S<EBORG, per ESROM, Sjrelland,

Denmark.

PROF. J. H. BLEGEN, Angsbnrg Seminary, Minneapolis, Minn., u. S. A

001- I-

08 l:rj I:T' '":I t:! ~.~. ~ m ~ ..... do..... W ..... ~ I:T' ~ CJQ 0 ools:: ~bj t;.) j:I) ...... <::> ::s ~ ~"=::! [, ~ ~.~ .. ~. ::s 8 ..... (b ~ @) ~ S· ~ (I) p.. ~ ~ ~.~.

~ Q 8 ::$ t:r' (I) H' (b ~ ::$ ~ " ~

1:0 ..... .....

a 0 P::l ~ t:r' t:r' ..... S-~. ~. ~ ~ Q ~ gt .......... Q ..... ..... t;.) ~ ~

~ ~ ::s ~ ~ p..

m 00 t-o ~ t;.) to a a (b

e. e. ~ H-. t:::a e..-~ s ..... 8 ~ S 8 e. -' (b (b (b ..... t;.)

o a g'8g.8~; :A ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ • I • I '-" 'Xl

~atibc JfeUotu-.htbourcc$ (~ln 30. ~cpt.).

I Nankal' Eastern Middle W est~rn' Assam .. & Sohor. Field. ,

Field. Field. I Colony .

Pastors ... 1 2 ... ... 2

Station leaders & Elders. 19 26 63 26 11 paid

42 un-Day and evening .., paid.

School teachers. 14 8 10 7 14 -Bible women 8 2 21 7 41 (un-

paid) Bengali worker ... ... 1 . .. . .. Native Doctor. ., .. ... ... 1 ...

Compounders. 3 ... 4 2 1

School Inspector. 1 ... ... . .. ... ---'

Total. ... 46 38 99 43 111

Dinaj- . pur & MaIda.

2

30

11

2 .. ...

. ..

.. .

... 45

TO'l'AL.

7

217

64

81

1

1

10

1

382

.... ...

HI

THE DANISH BOARD FOR THE' SANTAL MISSION.

MISS ASTRID BLUME. REV. COUNT V MOLTKE.

REV. P. OLDENBURG, SONDERMARKSVEJ, VALBY, Copenhagen, President.

REV. DEAN J. C. CHRISTENSEN. REV. CHR. GAD.

REV. DEAN K. HIORTKJh.:R. REV. H. FO:NNESBECH WULFF •.

Secretar!l: AAGE KROHN, ESQ. Treasurer: A. WlLHJELM; ESQ.

CERES VEl 4, GopenharJen V

THE NORWEGIAN BOARD FOR THE SANTAL

MISSION. Hon01'ary Members :-

H. HANSEN, ESQ., POSTMASTER, HA)IA.R.

THE VEN. ARCHDEACON GL'STAV JENSEN, Kristiania.

JOR. BAKL"GND, Esq. LANGES GATE 6, KRISTIANU., T'reasurer.

S. BOWITZ-HALVORSEN, ESQ. Bar-at-law.

MISS P~TRINE ESSENDltoP. HANS HOEG, ESQ., Pt·esident.

MISS KRISTINE MUNCH, M. D. KR. REI~, ESQ. Bergen.

REV. KARL VOLD. Vice-P1'esitlent"

REV. M. A. W AALER,Aasengate 20, Kristiania, Sccreta?·y.

AMERICAN COMMITTEE. PROF. J. H. BLEGEN, Secretary al,d Treasurer. (Augsburg Se­

minary, Minneapolis, Minn.)

REV. A. J. HULTENG, P.resident. REV. E. JAASTAD. Vice President. PROF AXDHEAS HELLAND.

REV. N. G. PETERSON. REV. O. P. SVINGEN (Honorary member).

REV. J. C. ROSELAKD. REV. K. C HOLTER. )

REV. O. S. MELAND. REV~ L. HENNINGSEN,

Mr. O. 1\:[, ANDERSON. l\1R. JE~S DIXEN.

REV. C. J, AABERG. MR. OTTO' ROOD.

REV. P. M. PETERSEN.

Iv

Contributions in the United Kingdom may be sent to

JOHN C. DUFFUS, ESQt; i

ARTHUR WARDEN, EsQ..,

41.Eastcheap, LOll,don E. C.

3 Hackins Hey, Liverpool,.

01' to the Trea~?t1'er, lJumka, di'J'ect.

THE

, FIFTY-FIRST .ANNUAL REPORT

• I!'OR THE

YEAR 1917 -1918.

"What I do thou knowest not now: bllt thou shalt understand hereafterH

, lJohll XIII. 7.)

Often things happen with us which we do not un­derstand the pu.rpose of; we may perhaps even feel tempted to think that if we had had the ordering of things we would not have permitted this or that. It is not. always easy, and the evil one is there to try to make us rebel.

We have to trust the Lord: He knows, and He is love.

There are things happening, the cause of which we may perhaps not be permitted to see here on ea.rth. But, when the veil is drawn aside and we here in this life are 'permitted to see, we always find that the wonder ... inl love of God has Leen beneath. All has to give way to this love.

The longer we live, the more we experience this: and we learn not to doubt the' d~alings of our Lord with. USI . but to fear lllistl'ul:)ting Him. Oue day all will

!i; ¥

2 SAN TAL MISSION OF THE NORTHERN CHURCHES.

be revealed: God grant we may on that day not have to stand ashamed on account of our lack of trust j n Him. And who are we that we should do such a thing, we­whose only hope is the love of God revealed in Christ P

Last year our annual report, on account of the Mi~ sion Jubilee, grew into an unusual size: this year we shall not try to do more than to give a short state­ment of the work done and what has happened with us during the year now past.

The eyangelistic work has been carried on very much on the same lines as in previou~ years, and very little is needed to be said about the way in which this work is generally done. We have our regular preachers, stationed at different centres all over our field. These have as their duty to go round and preach the gospel in the villages, to look aft~r the Christians within their sphere, and to help and advise in all matters which are brought to them. It is astonishing to see how often even the heathen population want to make use of our ·congregational workers as arbitra,tors_ in their manifold disputes, a sign that many heathen have got a feeling that Christians try to do what is right.

If some one is ill in the congl'egation, the preachers are called upon to visit the afilictea, to look after their cOII;lfort and their spiritual and bodily welfare.

There is nothing in the life of the Christians where our congregational workers may not be 'called upon to participate,. help or guide.

A great deal of the time of our preachers will neces­sarily be taken up by all kinds of congregational work. And this is as it should be. 'V e ~hould only wish that

FIFTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT.

our workers were further advanced both in knowledge and spiritual power than most of them are.

Preaching to the non-Christian population was men­tioned ab6ve; perhaps it had better not be called prea­ching, but talking. It is our experience, that what we would can preaching, that is to say, the delivery of a continuous speech, or what it might be called, is of very little use in the villages.

Christianity is spread not so mnch by "preaching", as by the simple testimony of those who have become Christians, and above all by, the life in faith of those who are Christians.

It is one of the most encouraging sides of Santal Christian life, that they naturally give testimony to w hat is in them and what they have gained.

As a typical example of this I may mention an in­stance which came to my personal knowledge not long ago. A family was to be baptized here. When I asked the head of the f~tmily what his motives were for embracing Christianity, he mentioned one of our present preachers and said, "I have known this man from my earliest days. I knew him what tie was as a heathen. I have watched him after he became a Christian, and it is by looking at him that I have been convinced".

As has often been told, the spread of Christianity among the Santals is due more to the simple testimony at the village people than to anything else.

Further on some details will, as usual, be found re­garding the state and progress of the work in our dif. ferent fields. There is, howevel", one matter which I want to point out also here: our friends knQ.w, how very sorr;r we have been £or and how heavily we have felt

4 SANTAL MISSION OF THE NORTHERN CHURCHES.

the state of matters in the part of our field called Sul­tanabad. I f~el snre,as a matter of fact I know, that many of our friends have been constantly praying for thA people in these parts. It seems, as if these prayers have commenced to be answered.

It is wonderful, we have during the year under review, had more converts in Sultanabad than we have had anywhere else except perhaps in Assam. This ingathering has been evenly spread all over the field mentioned. It.is very much to be thankful for, and it is encouraging to see how constant prayers are answered.

Among onr congregational work special mention has to be made of what is being done for the rising gene· ration. We may formerly in some parts of our field ha,ve been somewhat backward in doing all that could be done fpr the young. We are endeavouring to face the many differf'nt problems which confront us. l\fention has in previous reports been made of the now somewhat altered attitude of the Santals towards education. Formerly downright hostility was a common experience, founded on a complete lack of undeustanding of the need for and the benefits of education.

Snntal parents ~lad the firm belief tha,t when their children learnt to do what belongs to a Santal farmer's life, that was all that was needed. Now they have come to see that education does not necessarily "spoil" the Santals; moreover that a Santal, who has acquired some education, by the help of this may improve his position "in life. Of course, the old apathy is not entirely a thing of the past, but a great many Santal parents ~ow want their children educated.

FIFTY-FIRS'!' ANNUAL REPORT. 5

We have besides our two lar~e' boarding schools, a number of day schools in different 'Congregations. As else­where it is also here experienced. that the success of a. school very much depends on the quality of the tea­cher. We ,have seen teachers who have a very fair educa­tion, gradually Jose nearJy all their pupils, the cause being

}hat the man is not a teacher by nature. On the other hand we have seen those who have had compara:tively less ed1l:cation being very successful. With such the number of pupils has not dwindled away, but has always been, if anything, increasing. Children have been so eager to attend that they have daily turned up long before school hours.

Teachers of the last mentioned class are rare: but most; of those we have are trying to do faithful work accord­ing to their ability. We feel, however, very much the need of getting a better trained class of teachers for ou r day schools.

In order to get such we have, during the last year, started a proper training class in connpction with our Boys' School at Kaerabani. This training class is to be conducted on the lines of the Government Normal Schools for training teachers for Middle Vernacular Schools. The scholars are to have two years' training; and to be ad­mitted as a scholar, it will be necessary to have passed the Middle Vernacular final examination with credit. It is new work, and it may take some time to reach a pro­per standard, but we hope in this way before very long to get a supply of teachers better and more efficient than those we generally have had up to this. We have in Kaerabani after the comp~etion of our neW large school house, ample room for a training class of this kind. W 8

I) SANTAL MISSION OF THE NORTHERN CHURUHES.

are glad we. have also several young men who, we hope, will show themselves fit pupils in this class.

In connection with our Girls' school at Maharo, we have also had a class for traini~g school mistresses, but ~n account of most of the girls in the Middle Verna­cular Class having been married, we have not during the past year had any regular tl'aining-class teaching as in former years. Several of the girls who have passed out of the Maharo School, are now in addition to their ordinary work, engaged as Bible-women or teachers in small day-schools.

There is one more matter which I should like to draw attentton to :-Except in the infant classes and in schools which are kept by the Mission to give the children of our Christians a few rudiments of education (where San­tali is used), all instruction is imparted either in Hindi or Bengali, both languages foreign to the Santals. This is a pity in more ways than one. ~l'hose Santals who wish to get sOllle little education are, compared with ~thers, at a great disadvantage. They have to spend Dluilch of the time which they ought to have for acquir­i~g knowledge, to train themselves to speak and think in a foreign language, .and are consequently thus much handicapped in comparison with children whose mother­tongue is Hindi or Bengali. This state of matters also means that a boy or girl who attends school, is so much drawn . away from their own national ideas. They lose someth;ing of their original simplicity instead of which th.ey a~quire something that is not always desirable.

This education in a foreign language also reacts on tHe ability of the educated ones to .}l.e useful to their OWIl

people.

FIFTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT. 7.

It has, of course, its advantages for a Santal youth to be obliged to get his training in a language which has got incomparably more literature ,than they them­selves have. If they are to have tl1eir training in a foreign language, it is a question whether it might not be preferable to have it in English. Best, of course, it would be for the people as a whole if Government. would agree to let all vernacular school-education among the Santals be imparted in Santali with one or other of the several Indian Vernaculars taught as a foreign lang­ua.ge. We have practically all books necessary for such a 'course, and I believe most of the School-Inspectors of the district are quite qualified to control the school

work in Santali.

The work done at our training schools at Kaerabani and M.aharo is dealt with below, and shall not be fur­t.her mentioned here. Except as stated they are concerned only with primary and middle education. But we have more educational institutions, as our friends know.

At Benagaria we have in the charge of Mr. Steinthal a Divinity" School, or as the Santals themselves like to can it, a Bible- class. This is now out of its first stage. The first batch of pupils all passed just before Christmas last year a fairly stiff and extensive final examination, some of them with rair credit. All of the first batch areno~ out in practical work in connection with our Mission. In January last Mr. Steinthal started with fresh pupi.ls whom he has formed into two separate classes. Soine of the new ones have had very little school-education,

but have proved themselves promising young men fit for evangelistic work. We have wanted to give them a little training. Although to take them on gives much additional wOl'k, Mr. Steinthal has been glad to re ceive.

8' S.A.NTAL MISSION OF THE NORTHERN' CHURCHES.

them. It is really a new departure, so to say a fresh shoot out off the ground in which the Divinity School is planted. The pupils of the Divinity class pI'oper have a better school education and are being gIven a separate and more advanced training.

Another institution of an educational kind is the. Indus­trial 8'chool at Benagaria. It is, as our friends kno w, of recent date, and has during the past year had to pass th.rough some of the difficulties always incidental to new wor~.

People of the kind among whom we labour are, within their limitfftions stubborn sticklel's for facts. If Ol1e at­tempts to teach them anyth'ing new, it is of very little use to talk, if one cannot at the same time give ocular demostl'atioll of what is wanted, aud of the goodness and sonndness of the new. For these and other reasons we got to start with not so many pupils as we wanted to have, and those we got were perhaps not of the kind which we specially wished to have. This is gradually chang­ing; and we are now getting as many pupils in the different departments as we can conveniently take in. We trust that this Industrial School will prove a help 'in advancing the people, specially in bringing it home to them that there are many things besides agriculture, by which a. Santal may support himself.

We are deeply indebted to the authorities for the great liberality shown towards our different educational institutions. For our Boys' School at Kaerabani, we are g.etting a monthly grant-in-aid of Rs. IfjO/~ plus Rs. 60/­for hostels. For ()ur Girls' School at Maharo we aM getting Rs. 150/- phIs, Rs~ 40/- for host,els. In all for

FIFTY-FIR~T. ~NNU.AL ,REPORT~.

these two institutions Rs. 400/- per mensem. For. our village schools we are now receiving a grant'-in aid of Rs. 105/- per quarter, and Gov~rnment gives to our Indus­trial School at Benagaria at present Rs. 2,800/- per year.

The medical branch OT our Mission work may now be !mid to be fairly started, so far as this can he said when we are without hospitals proper. Both Dr. Bogh at Renagaria end Dr. Miss Larsen in Dnmka have much more to do than they single handed ought to have~ They have ~ow both passed their last language examination in Santali j but as a good deal, actually, as will be seen from ,the statistics, more than half of the pa,tients are Hin­dus or Mohammedans who speak other languages than 8an­tali, both of them are endeavouring to pick up Bengali or Hindi so as to be able. to talk with and speak to these patients without the need of an interpreter. This, of course, takes both time and strength. vVhen one has daily a crowd of patients which, specially on market­days, may run up to hetween one and' two ·11 undred, ·f}l1d when, besides the ordinary policlinic work one, has opera­tions of sorts, it is easy to understand that there is not much time to spare.

Our doctors are both, as touched on s,bove, working under the great disadvantage of as yet having no proper. hospital .accommodation. 'Ve have, as our ft-iends know, funds standing in the banks for building hospitals, hut, like all. other building operations, the erection of hos­pitals has also had to be kept in abeyance for the present. In Benag'aria, however, Dr. Bogh expects to be able to make use of the old Girls' School's buildings for a hospital.

'10 BANTAL MISSION OF THE NORTHERN CaUlleRE8.

The old Girls' School compound has got a nnmber of.ex­tensive buildhigs. As these were not intended for hospital nse, it will be necessary ·to have considerable alterations: walls will have to be broken down, doors and windows to be fitted in, and the floors must be made "pucca" so as to allow cleaning with othel' material than cow-dung. Dr. Bogh has his dispensary and policlinic in one corner of this old compound. As a temporary measure he has got a verandah divided into rooms and uses these for in-patients, spacially for cases where the doctor sees that some smaller" operation can give immediate and needed help.

We ha va in pl'evious reports often mentioned the state of transition in which the ~iission has been. The alterations in administration and, above all, the development of the work have necessitated much new in the way of bnildillgS. The headquarters have been moved from Benagaria to Dumka; the training schools for boys and girls have been taken fro;n Benagaria to Kaerabani and Maharo respectively. And we have started the altogether new departlllent of a medical Mission, which alone will require extensive building operations.

Something has already been inCidentally said on the subject of buildings. The conditions brought about by the war have necessitated the partial stoPP! ng of a.ll operations of this kind.

Weare deeply grateful to our Home friends for their I

liberal and appreciating support of our new departures.

But with a.ll this" the conditions of uncertainty we have experienced with regard to getting money remitted from thl;} Horne Lands have been constant; and on the

FIFTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT~ 11

other hand the prices of building materials ~ave been pro?ibitive. 9r snch materials have been ullobtaillable at any price. What we have considered permissible to do has been, to 8: certain extent to collect matprials which are to be had locally, such as stone and lime, and also t6 make some bricks. Otherwise very little has been done. In Kaerabani we have, however, been able to practically finish the new large school building, an imposing structure. Formerly the boys had partly to sit outside under trees during school hours. Now the classes are, I believe, better housed than in any other San tal school. We ar~ grateful to our Home friends who have enabled us to finish this., And we hope the boys will show themselves worthy of receiving such excellent quarters.

Besides the school building we have also got at Kae-rabani a building used partly for storing food stuff and partly for cooking purposes; a couple of masonry wells have also been sunk. We have now left to build a second house for the boys to live in; and later on we. shaillikely need som8 more quarters for teacllers; but under the present war circunstances, it is useless to think of anything but the nea.rest future.

In Maharo very little has been done in the way of building. Improvements have been efiected here and there, a -couple of small native houses have been built, and some. of the houses used for the school have been extensively repaired. We have hopes of soon being able to take­in hand the erecting of a school house similar to that in Kaerabani, and our Home friends have given money for building new living quarters for the European ladies.

In other parts of our Mission practically nothing ne~ -has been done, for the reaso'ns mentioned. We are fear-

12 SANTAL 'MISSION OF THE NORTHERN ~HURCHES.

ing tnat we shall during the comjng year have to face difficult times in these parts of the country, the crops having in many places failed. If we can get the funds necessary, we shall try to give people in n~ed ,work by letting, them make bricks, gather limestone and so on, that we 1ater on, when the opportunity conies, may be able to commence realizing some plans whjch we have, and which have formerly been mentioned. 'We think it would be very desirable when we can do so, to build more substa:p.tial houses at our different stations in order to avoid the constantly recurring trouble and expense tiT re'pairing the not ver~ substanti,al structures we have.

The Zemindary property of the Mission has during the past year continued to give the sarrie troubles as for-· merly. We. have had to advapce money for our co-shareholders in order to save the prop<?rty, be­ing sold at p~blic auction, and the,se co-shareholders do not seem to have grasped as yet ,their own very precarious position. Apart from a few honourable excep­tions they have been making all ki!lds of excuses for not paying their dues. vVe have how commenced to su~ them, Tor recovery of arrears and outlays in the Oivil Oourts; but Oivil Oourts are expensive and very, very slow. There is a possibility t~at we may, in a not distant future, he able to rea9h an arrangelilent which will save the Mi~sion from payin'g as hitherto.

Besides the Zemindary, the .principal property of the Mis­sion is our rrea-gn.rden~. As our friends know, a Calcutta firm, Messrs. Lyall, Marshall & Co. are our Managing Agents, and thaliks are due to this firm for the able"

FIFTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT. 13 way In which they manage the gardens for us.

The war has caused. many difficulties, and these abnormal circulllstances, cOllnected with other ~vents,

have rnaq.e last year less successful from a financial point of view. As a matter of fact we had last season several thousand rupees less income than expenditure. This daBS not, however, mean that the gardens pave been a downright loss. We have had to expend money on buildiug and also in new plantation. If this had not been done the balance would lik~ly have been on the

, oth er sid~.

Our friends know from our Missionary magazines of the very great ~Jss the Mission has had last year in connection with our Tea- gardens through the decease of our manager, Mr. Nielsen.

The news or his death on the 9th of J line came as a great shock to us all. Mr. L. P. Nielsen was born in Denmark on the 21st October Hs81, and came out to JaIl) the Mission early 1908. He was by profession a gardener, and came out expr~ssly to take 'up work in the Mission's Tea-gardens in Assam. He proceeded there at once, and except for a few months on another garden where he went to get some more training in tea-garden work, .and a few months at home, he spent the whole of his time in Mornai. The first years he was Assistant 11anager; since 1913 ]Ie has been in charge of ou'r two small gardens. Mr. Nie1sell's stay on the garden has been -~o.incidellt with all the work we have had to bring the garden into proper shape. When the garden is what it at present is, we owe very much to the loyal and excellent work of the late Mr. Nie1sen. It 'is alsb dlie to· him that during the last years we have

14 "~J.NTAL MISSION OF THE NORTHRRN CnURCHB8.

got new tea planted out on a large area of formerly un!"' cultivated parts of the garden.

But Mr. Nielsen was not 'only a tea garden manager. He was above anything else a missionary for whom his work on the garden was a, means towards a higher purpose. Our accounts this year show his spirit. On referring to these the reader will see that a large sum was last year paid in by Mr. Nielsen. As manager of the tea~garden he was entitled to draw a commission and had to receive this money. As a missionary he did not feel that he could keep this money for himself; he did not wish to be financially placed otherwise than tne other missionaries, and so be paid the money in and felt glad."ge carried -the'bodily and spiritual welfare of the garden workers on his heart, and in conjunction with his wife he did very much to bring Christianity near to the coolies. He lived before their eyes 8.2 a Christian, and whenever he could he used his opportunity of giving a .direct testimony for his Saviour. He kept up schools for the children and held me,etings for all those who wished to attend, on the verandah of his own bungalow. We are very glad that he was permitted to see the first fruits of his missionary work, inasmuch as some of the coolies were converted to Chr~8tianity. (Mr. Nielsen was a.n efficient tea garden mana~er and a good missionary. He was taken off in the pri me of life before he had passed 37 ye~rs, not by any fever due to the climate of Assam, which has so often and rightly been blamed ,for its unhealthiness; but by an acute disease which is met with just as frequently in our home lands as here, namely, acute rheumatic fever.

We were very happy having Mr. Nielsen on the gar­den. In our eyes he was the right man in the right place; but God's ways are not our wa.y~; we hare no

TIFTY-FIRST AbiNUAL REPORT. ]5

doubt that He took Mr. Nielsen home to Himself at the right time; but we -are left with the loss and a very great difficulty of getting' a new man of the !"ame kind as our late friend. The widow, ¥rs. Nielsen, who ol'iginally came out to India and joined our Mission as a trained nurse, has now left Assam, and come down to the Santal Parganas where she l1as taken up work that she was trained for, in connection with our medical work. Mrs. Nielsen has up to the time of writing this been staying at Dumka, but will later on take up her abode at Benagaria.

We shall now give a few particulars with reference to our European staff.

Mr. and Mrs. Muston are living in DUll1ka, he in the same work as previo.usly. I am much obliged to Mr. Muston for the faithful way in which he ,is always as­sisting me in my work.

The writer of this has during the whole of last year been staying at Dumka, except for a month's holiday and shorter periods of absence in connection with the work of the Mission. .

Mr. and Mrs. J. J. Ofstad are in Kaerabani. He is su-perintending the Boys' School as previously. They have had the great joy of getting a 9hild during the last yea~, their first boy.

Mr. and Mrs. Pederson continued in Assam up to the end of June, when they left for Calcutta, from which place they started for America in J u1y. We have been very sorry to have to say good-bye to Mr. and Mrs. Pederson, after their having worked in the Mission for about 13 yc~r8, in Kaerabani, at Bellagaria and at last in Assam.

16 SANTAL MISSION OF ~lIE, NQRTIlERN ,CRV.RCHES.

Their reRROll for leaving India was-lack of health. :Mr. Pederson ought not to exposb himself to the chance of get­ting -q.lalarial fever. The acknowledgedly m08t efficient medicine against this fever is quinine, and Mr. Pederson cannot stand taking this drug. There is no place in India, except perhaps the Hill stations, where one is not ex­posed to malarial infection. So however hard it is felt, there was rea.lly no choice.

Assam, or that part of Assam, where Mr; Pederson had his work, has the reputation of being more fev-et"­infested than, for instance, what we are in the habit of calling the 'old' country, tha.t is the Santal Pargallas. It was therefore offered to Mr. Pederson to comp. down here and try how he would be able to sttlnd the climate IH>1'e. He was, howevel', so much pulled down, that he felt he had to leave for the home lands. Mr. Pederson is still a man in his best years, and oruinarily he might ex­pect to be able to have many years work before him. We sincerely .trust that his work will not be lost for the Mission. ,

Our American Committee, who knew about his state of health, offered him before he saw that he would have to leave InCija, to come home and take up work as a -travelling secretary to the Mission in Ameriaa. Mr. Pederson is exceptionally fit for doing deputation work.

We shall out here also acutely feel the loss of :Mrs. Pederson. She has won for herself a great place in the hearts of the Santals and us all. She was, we are sorry ,to say, also suffering from attacks of malarial fever at the time of leaving.

Miss Anna ' Jensen has during the p'ast year been at her old place at Maharo in charge of our Girls' SchoOl J

·FIFTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT. 17

there. The health of M.iss Jensen has during the last year not been quite up to the mark; having during the greater part of the year been pratically alone with the school work,. her strength has been rather taxed. We are glad to ~ay that at the time of writing this she is better, and we sincerely hope she will before very long be in her usual health.

~!r. and Mrs. Rosenlund have continued at Kaerahani. They had in August the great sorrow to lose their youngest daughter, but they have had grace to take this as sent by our Heavenly Father.

It was mentioned in our last annual report that their furlough was due this year. ThiE? terrible world war has, however, made travelling both difficult and dangerous for all, more especially £01' ladies and children; they therefore decided to wait; and as mat tel'S now seem ta improve, we hope that they will be able to proceed home durIng the coming spring.

~lr. and Mrs. Johne are staying at Benagaria in their old sphere of work. They have also this year, we are sorry to say, been suffering from fever off and on; still we think that their health is better now than . it was some time ago, for which 'we are very thankful.

Miss Nancy' Diesen is at the time of writing this likely in America on her way to Norway. The strain of work during Miss Jensen's absence on furlough combined with all rnci~ental to being in charge of such a large girls' school as that at Maharo, very likely overtaxed her strength a little. By Christmas time it· was clear to us that it was necessary that she should have some rest; she went and stayed with her friends for some time.

o

18 SANTAL MISSION OF THE NORTHERN CHURCHEs..

After that the hot season set in, and she went up to Darjeeling and stayed there until a few days before she left India for Norway via Ame~'ica, travelling in the same steamer with Mr. and Mrs. Pederson. We sincerely hope that a full rest in- the bracing climate of onr home lands

- will set her up again, and make it possible for her to re­turn to her work in India that she very much longs for.>

Mr. and Mrs. Steinthal have continued at 'Benagaria where he, as previously stated, is in charge of the Di­vinity School, Mrs. .Steinthal assisting her husband in looking after and helping the wives of her husband's pupils.

Dr. Mi'ss Christine Larsen lives at Dllmka. Her time is more occupied with all kinds o'f medical worK than she perhaps ought to have.

Mr. Kampp has continued at the same place ~s be­fore. In March his bride Miss Signe Konstantin-Hansen arrived in Galcutta, where they we~e married in an English Chapel, since which time they have been living' in Tilabani.

Mr. and Mrs. Kr. Ofstad ha.ve continued at Chondorpnra. They have both suffered somewhat from fever, but are othe~wise happy in their work.

Mr. Gausdal stayed at Koroya, having charge of the work in the surrounding district and also of Majdiha, up to the end of April, w hen he left for his annual holidays which he took in Darjeeling. From there he proceeded to Assam, where he took charge of our Colony on -Mr. Pederson's leaving. His bl'ide, Miss Ingrid N es, is at -the time of writing on her way to India. We hope we shalL--have the pleasure of bidding her welcome before long. ,,'

F1FT'y-F1RS1' ANNUAL R~l'ORT. 19

Dr. B. B. Bogh is at Benagaria, having more to do than any man single-handed ought to have.

Mr. J. Jensen stayed the first months of the year at Benagaria. When Mr. Gausdal left for Assam, Mr. Jensen was stationed at Koroya, where he is working in the same sphere as Mr. Gausdal at the same time continuing his Santali studies. He passed his first examination this spring.

Miss Andresen stayed for some months at Dumka, but when Miss Diesen left, as it is not advisable to leave a lady alone at a station, she was temporarily moved to Maharo. She has been assisting Miss Jensen in some of the work connected with this large institution. She has also passed he r first language examination.

Mr. Winding stayed the first half of the year at Kaera­bani, occupied in learning the language and doing all he could take upon himself. He has also been a great boon to most of the missionaries, helping them in looking after their teeth.

When Mr. Gausdal went to Assam, it was felt very strongl;r, specially after the ~ death of Mr. Nielsen, that, it would not be advisable for a single man to live quite alone so far away from other Europeans. Mr. Windi~ then offered to go up there to assist in the manifold work inside and specially outside the colony.; and now he is there. l\l r. Winding has also passed his first language examination last spri ng.

We haye not during the year under review received any new missi~naries, but we expect to be able to bid welcome here ill January Miss Helga Kristiansen, a Norwegian lady, who is on her way out to take up work

* 20 SANTAL MISSION OF THE NORTHERN CHURCHES.

in the Maharo Girls' school. She left Norway in company with .. the above mentioned Miss Nes on the 29th July; but the journey- takes a. long time now-a-days.

We had our anuual conference of missionaries in the days from 13th to the 17th March, both days included. This time the gathering took place in Benagaria, and all were very pleased at the way Mrs. J ohne and Mrs. Steinthal made everything nice and pleasant for us.

We discussed the budget for this year, listened. to some papers read on matters of interest to us as workers among the Santals, and generally had some diSCUSSIons III

connection with what 'We had he~rd.

We decided on the placing of missionaries, agreed on getting the Kaerabani Boys' school transformed from a Middle Vernacular to a Middle English. one, and also to have a two yearly class for 'training te~chers, this last item only a confirmation of what had already been commenced.

We shall now proceed to give some details of the work under the usual headings. We shall first take the work at the different stations.

SAPADOHA

WitS for the first three months under the charge of And1'eas.

He was, however, about New Year's time relieved of his work l at this station' in order to go to Benagaria to become oDe

-of Mr.Steinthal's pupils in the D~vinity school, and he is now there. To relieve Andreas, we sent here Dltarma, who has formerly been one of our preachers and catechists, arid at that time had just finished a course in the Divinity school. Dharma is a man of about middle age; not very brilliant, but a good and f~ith£ul worker. Sapadoha lias

FIFTY-FIRS'!' A~NtJAL nEPOR1'. 21

one of our oldest congregations with conditions such as might be expected under such circumstances. I may men­tion just one fact, that the Christians of. the Sapadoha congregation are among the most eager to get their children educated ..

The work of evangelizing the heathen has gone on as usual, and we are very thankful to be able to tell that a large number of souls have embraced Christianity during the past year. The number of baptisrp.s has been 43. Among these 38 were from the heathen, and 5 children of Christian parents.

The first half of the year, the station-leader had two preachers to assist him. Two have been added to the number, so he has now got 4 assistants, besides one man who acts as a kind of inspector of our congregational schools in Sultanabad. The name of this man is Kanltu, the eldest son 6f the late pastor Suna.

HARIPUR is like last year und er the charge of Mohon, assisted by one, lately by two preachers. The work at Haripur has also during the year under review gone very well' forward, and altogether 50 souls have been added to the congregation; 4 of them being children of Christian parents and the rest from among the heathen. All of these, as far as we have been able to find out, have beeU' seekers 'of the truth. One trait common to them all is that they are tired of the old bongas and are seeking what their-­souls crave for in Christianity.

We are building a Ohurch-house in Haripur.

CHAND PUR has during the year under review, continued under the

22 SAN'l'AL lIlISStolS 0]' i'HE NORTHERN CHURCHES.

charge of Pastor Dlzunlt, assisted by three, lately two prea­chers, one of the preachers having recently died. Also here in ·Cha-ndpur the work has expanded very consider­ably during the past year. Altogether ·48 souls have been added to the congregation; 41 of these. were from among the heathen and 7 'Children of Christian parents. This very consid~rable growt~h, we do not think, is due to any special excellence of the workers.

It was mentioned in last year's report, that we were taking up again the place called Si'rarnpur as a working centre. This has been continued during the past year and we have now a preacher stationed at ,"this place.

-We had many years ago a small bit or land in this village, but as the place was discontinued as an out­station, the land was permitted to get out of the hands of the Mission, which we -are now sorry for. A number of. the people mentioned as baptized under Chandpur, really belong to this place. Sirampur is 6 miles distant from Cha,ndpur and about the same distance from Hari­pur. The. preacher in charge is under the direct super­vision of Dhunu.

KAKJOL

has been under the charge of Rarn'U, assisted by one and lately t)Vo preachers., Hamu has. only a limited edu­cation, but I believe_ he is a faithful worker, and much vitality is found among the Christians of these parts .

. They have also this year had to, stand a good deal from the side or· the heathen pop~lation.They have had to suffer because they wre Christians, while the

FIFTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT. 23

enemies wOuld very likely have taken another course with heathen. We-have had last year in this congrega­tion one revolting experience. A young Christian died and was buried. Some time afterwards the grave was fou nd opened and the head if the dead man carried off. The perpetrator of this outrage was a distant relation ~f the dead man. Among the Santals it is the duty of the heir to set fire to the funeral pyre. The reason why the man carned off the head appears to be, that he wished to perform the heathen cremation c(:'re­monies with this essential part of the dead man, and in this way tq establish his claim to the lands of the deceased, to which, however, according to Santal law, he had no right as two sons of the dead man are living. This case was taken to the courts. The guilty man was let off with a very ligl1t punishment.

Our brethren in Kakjol have also this year been per­mitted to see fruits of their worlt, 18 having been baptized in the course of the year; except one child of Christian parents all Lhese werd from among the heathen.

BASETKUNDI

has during the last year remained under the charge of Pastor' MU8Ui, who has been assisted by three preachers. It was remarked in our last report that it seemed as if we had commenced to see the dawn of better times in these parts after the many years' drought. Although we have not had so many baptisms in Basetkundi as we have had in other parts of Sultanabad, the turn of the tide has been distinctly felt also here during the, past year. We have haC! 18 baptisms; of these 10 were from

24 SANT4L MISSION OF THE NORTHERN CHURCHES.

among the heathen population and 8 children of Christian parents. The number of children baptized is a good sign of better times amohg the Christians. Musu! is. a good man who in the long run will make himself felt.

SIMOtDOHI.

Bmn continued in charge, assisted by two and lately four pre~chers. The number of baptisms during the year has been only 6 souls; 4: of which were from among the heathen. SimoldQhi has got some of our oldest Christian families, but we are sorry that some of these have proved themselves unsatisfactory. We have here in a village one of happily few examples fouJ!d among the Santals of people who have succumbed to the opium habit.

Our friends' know that our old station Hatimara, situated about 5 miles north-east of Simoldohi, for a number of years has been left without any resident workers, the only person living on the station being a gardener who has acted as a kind of caretaker. The reason for this course was that we bad no converts. Now we a:c,e glad to say it seems to be altering. We have since the close of last year had the joy to be able to bap­tize a couple of persons in Hatimara itself, and we are going to place on~' of the Simoldohi preachers with an assistant to take charge of the work which we hope will develop ~ere.

BAROMASIA

has been in charge of Raska, assisted by one and lately two preachers. Raska has during the last yea,r been suffer­

ing off and on from fever. He is' gettin~ old' ~nd wilJ ..

FIFTY-FmST ANNUA.L REPORT. 25

li'rely soon have to be placed ou the retired list. The work has not been very effectively done. DuringtI~e

year only one child of Chr~stia:.n parents has been baptized. We have had no converts from heathenism. His assistants are not the same now as those who were at. the beginning of the year, byo having died and been replaced by others.

To the west of Baromasia we have

RANGA.

The first months of the year Lopsa, was in charge, assisted by one preacher. .At New Year Ilbpsa went to Benagaria to become a pupil in the Di.vinity school. In his place came Hadu who had t)len just finished· a course in the same school, and he is there now. Hadu has been in charge of Ranga previously. During the year under review we have had no baptisms in this hard fi6ld; but we are glad to be able to tell that after the close or the year we h3.ve had some baptisms and" have some p'eople under instruction.

GADiAPANI

has continued under the charge of Bhae'ro, a not very well educated, but a good and earnest man, assisted by

one preacher. The workers here have during the last year had the joy to see some people added tq the congregation. 9 have been baptized; 2 children of Christian parents and the rest from among the heathen. Ehaero is a son of the leading' Christian in the often mentioned village of Chirapathor. When his £a.ther saw that the work was not progressing' :in~. Gadiapani, he felt this very hard and commenced to go to Gadiapani to assist his son in the work, and his assistance is bearing fruit.

:p

26 BANTAL MISSION OF TIlE NORTHERN CHURCHRS.

TARN!.

The station leader here has for a number of years been. Bafnath; he has continued ·in charge also during the, past~;.lear, assisted by four and lately· five preachers. The wOl'It ':has been progressing also this year and alto­gether 39 have been baptized. Of these 28 were from among the heathen and 11 were· children of Christian parents. We have in Tarni one of our best, congregations, more specially in the often mentioned village of Chirapathor, which lies midway between Tarni and Gadial'ani. 'Ve have here' in this yillage a strong Christian force and

many happy Christians. It is a great pleasure to visit them.

CHONDORPURA.

Mr. Ofstad writes about the progress of the work at this station during the last yeal'. It will be seen from ~ir. Ofstad's report that the former pastoL' of the Chondol'pura congregation, Sana, has died. This hap­pened at the close of the year, when Suna "died from tuberculosis, and a long life in the service of the Mission came to a close. During the last year or so the disease prevented him from doing much, specially put a stop to all itineration. He was of an energetic nature, and whenever he felt a little release fpom the disease he tried to do what he could. He was a good and earnest man and has been employed in the ¥ission as a Christian worker since the later part of the seven­ties, when he com~enced as a catechist at Asanbani under the late Mr. Jensen. In course of his long service (only interrupted by a few years village life) he has. from time to time been in charge of several .of oq r

FIFTY-1'IUST AKNtrAL REPORt. 27

stations, and has laid out several of our comp.oullds. I have known him since my first days in the Mission . . When I came to Mohulpahari \Iy t~e end of 1890, he was in charge of the station, and he remained at the place for a few months, during which time I had ample opportunity of seeing the man and his work. J ·remem­ber the quality in him which impressed me most, was the humble spirit in which he carried life's burdens. He has been the means of gathering III many. We are sorry for having lost him, but we rejoice that he has gone to his reward.

Mr. K. Ofstad writes:-

ffhe work here in the Ch9ndorpura Missiol1 field has gone steadily. forward during the past year, and we can say the Lord has blessed it, and we have experienced that He is faithful, even if we are faithless. We have not baptized so ma.ny this year as Hl t.he last .Mission year, but still we have gathered some in­to the congregation, and we are glad to see that they are diligent in attendance at church and have entire1y separated thernselyes from t~e heathen and wish to be on God's side. But it is not easy for our new friends, as they meet with much opposition, to stand fast. But witt the Lord's stl'ength we have every hope that they win sllcceea. We got a letter from one of our new Christians who lives at some distance from here which indicates that Gol -has effdcted something in him. He writes: "Dear. Sir, Since I began to belong to Jesus the whole village has risen up ag'R.inst me and they try. to worry me in every way, and Satan it! abroad with nIl his host to get me hack to himself. But I will belong to Jesus, and He is so Ileal' t() rue and

28 S.A.NTAL M1SSLON OF THE NORTHERN Ci1tJl~CHES.

calls on me and I will l'emain with Him and be allow· ed to come to Him when I die." rJ'his is a little of the letter, but it shows that the Holy Spirit is ~t

work in him. But, friends, let us remember, that the better ~t~ ",!:ork goes on and the 1110re there are w,ho wish to' "belong to Jesus, the harder the powers of darkness are at work, and so it goes also here in Chondorpura.

We have ba~tized here in the Chondorpura district 17 heathen and·· 2 children of Christian parents. A fallen family that had been excluded from the Chris~

tian community has come back again. The sewing school he~e in the compound goes on well and they are much interested. We have also a girls' school, but they were let free in the rainy season when they had to help in their homes.

Here in Chondorpura 7 preachers, 1 village teacher and 4 Bible women are employed.

In 8aldoha there have been baptized 8 heathen and 2 children of Christians. There are at wor·k here 2 elders, 3 village male teaehers and 1 female one. Five new communicants have been admitted, and on an ave­rage there are 20 participants each time. The mosj of the Christians here are new, and so are not ripe enough to receive the communion.

Before closing I must mention that Suna died here last year. He was the native pastor here. It is a great biank and a loss to the Mission. I shall not write much about him, as I hope Mr. Bodding wIll write more fully, since he kllows muc4 better abou t him than I do, I will only say that he was a great help to me and he

was the r~.al leader in the congregation after I came and up to his death. If there was anything [ did not understand, he helped me, and if there was anything he thought I did amiss he told me so. 'Vhen I came here the work was in full swing, and I had only to enter on what others had done. We thank God for the work our dear brother now gone home was permit­ted to accom plish. Now we stand here a flock of young pl'eachers. May the Lord grant us wisdom and help us to act aright, so that the work may pros­per in Jesus' name!

MAJDIHA

has been jn charge of Ka'l'u, assisted by one or two preachers. The workers here have been under the di­rect supervision of the missionary resident at

KOROYA.

Mr. Gausdal was in charge here up to the commence­ment of 1\Iay, when he went to the hills for his ho­lidays, anq. thereupoh proceeded direct to our Assam Colony, as told elsewhere. To succeed Mr. Gausdal came Mr. Jensen who is one of our latest arrivals, and up to the time of moving here had been living in Bellagal'ia, learning the language and making himself generally useful. As he, however, had not been long in Koroya at the close of the year, he has not given any report. I hope it will come next year. The work in Koroya and 1fajdiha field has been progressing well and quite a number have been gained for Christianity. Koroya is a pleasant place, and we trust it will become a centre of Christian work in the -future. The number of baptisms up to the tmd

30 SA~l'.AL MisSION or THE NORl'HEHN CHURCHES.

of the year, comprised for Karaya, 1 heathen and 8 chil­dren of Christil:l,n parents, and for l\1ajliiha I child of Christian pare-nts and 28 fl'om among the heathen.

DITMKA and the near WEST.

1'he work in Dumka fmd the adjoining parts of the ,field has gone very' much on the same lines as in pre­vious years. We have in Dumka itself got a few more worke~s than we had at the "commencement of the year when we had three. One of these was trans­ferred, to Koroya, but a.t New Year's time we received two of tIle young men who had just then passed out of .Mr~ . Steinthal's Divinity school One of these had ;pre­viously had practically . no experience in congregational work; the other had been engaged for a 'uumber of years before entering the school mentioned. As 1\1.r. Kampp has been clamouring very loudly to get a lllan to be put in charge of Lotabani, an outstation of rrilabani, we hav€ been thinking of letting him have one of these two. We are, however, very luuch in need of getting an experienced worker here, preferably a man who might be ordained. IT p to the time of writing this it has not been possible £01' us to. find a good solution of the problem mentioned.

We have in Dum ka itself at the time ot ~ritillg five workers, one of them the son of thp late Pastor GltLu and Sona, being a kind of overseer more than anythjng else. One of the preachers is suffering, we are so'rry' to say, from tuberculosis. He is a good. man; it is he who was mentioned in a previons part of this report as the man looking at whose life had been the cause of bringing some of those baptizeq last year to Christ.

FIFTY-FIRST ANNUAIJ REPORT. 31

In connection with the work we have on the west side of the More river the same prAachers as last year, five in number. The work has been progressing slowly, in as mnch as only a few have been gathered in from among the heathen.

Duping the whole qf last year Sana, the widow of the late Pastor Gulu, was working here in Dumka as previously, always occupied with \ some work of love. The last months she commenced specially to work in the dispensary and was one on whom one could absolutely rely. It is very sad to think that she at thA time of writing IS no longer among 'us, she has gone home to her rest. She was one of the most developed and finest Christian characters which I have met among the Santals.

In DhoJ"mnpuJ" with the outlying c~ntre of Amgachz, we have had at iirst four and later on five prea­chers. One of the preachers at Amgachi died some months ago from the result of an apoplectic stroke. In his p1ace we have got. a young Illli.n, who is now on trial as a worker. In Dhorompur we have in ad­dition to the two who were .stationed' there previous­ly, got a man called lJiwno, who for a long stretch of years W~LS the late 1.11'. Haegert's principal man at Kaerabani, and continued there also after our having taken over the place. He belonged originally to our Mission and has now come back to his own village. The work has been at a standstill in the place

,just mentioned, the heathen for some reason being very hard to reach.

A.t Makara and the working centres connected with Maharo, we have about the same number of preachers

32 SA.NTA.L MISSION OF THE NORTHERN CHURCHJ:S.

as last yeal'. There have been a few alterations in the staff; two having been sent back to their l,.omes, Ol~e

having died, another having been pensioned and one having temporarily left to enter the Divinity school. ~n the place of these we have got one Jlew worker; one has returned from France where he went in con­nection with the Santal Labour Corps, and two have been transferred hel'e from other places. One of the working centres formerly under 1\laharo, has been transferred to Koroya, the village in question lying about half way between-the two places, just a little closer to Koroya t4an to .Maharo. W 8 are sorry there have been very few converts from heathenism III these parts during the past year.

We have regular church services every Sunday at at least three places namely, Dumka, Maharo and Dho­rompur, and occasional services at many other places. The Lord's SUpp81' has been administered generally once mlmthly at 1\!aharo and off and on here in Dnmka.

As our friends know, we have also medical work at this place. Miss Dr. Larsen writes about that in another part of the report. Here should only just be mentioned' that evangelistic work is carried on in connection with the medical work, but we should like to get statione~

here somebody who would be able to use to the full the many opportunities offered of telling the. gospel to those who come for medical treatment.

-As our· friends also. know., we have a Bengali prea-

cher stationed here in Dumka. Weare sorry that the work of this man has been without fruit.

In the field here menti<lned, during the_ course· of

Oay Missions Ubral!l

FIFTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT., 33

the year, twelve have been baptized from among the heathen and 26 children of Christian parents.

KAERABANI and the further WEST.

Mr. Rosenlund writes : In the "Further West" we have baptized 3 heathen and 12 children of Christian parents during the year from October 1917 to September 1918, while 18 Christians have died during its course.

As regards the work among the heathen, the year has brought us a number of so to say typical disap­pointments, inasmuch as several heathen here and there had expressed a wish to become Christians, but later got scruples and' drew back. For example, there was one young man who wished to be baptized; so 'far as we could understand he had no side motives of any kind ; he had become tired of heathenism, his wife's death had awakened him from the callous state in which the heathen live so long as nothing untoward occurs. He felt that heathenism had no help, no comfort, no hope to give him, and therefore he wished to become a Christian; he had of course heard the word of, eternal life. We began to instruct him in the fundamentals of Christian truth, and he showed himself to be very apt to learn.

We asked him to go to church on Sunday, but he could not get time for that. What hindered that man was, that the wish to become a Christian had not be­come an irresistible longing; he confessed openly and honestly to the heathen that he wanted to· become a Christian, but when he came to see that it would cost, a trifle inconvenience (he has 3 mileS' to go to church! ) the zeal slackened. He wished to partake in t,h~ security and peace of the Christian life, butpl'obably imagined

£

34- SANTAL MISSION- OF THE NORTtlElW CliORCBES.

that those spiritual benefits m.ght quite magically be' transferred to him through baptism without any_ Elpecial exertion on his part.

If we had baptized bim, he would undoubtedly have remained of that kind of Christians who, as Luther says, "have a contempt for preaching and God's word." We tried to{) continue the instruction, but he withdrew more and more, and after the expiry of a month and a half drew.back altogether. The family's persuasions as a -matter of cQurse played a certain part, but his own love of ease was the decisive factor.

Nevertheless we hope, that there- it so much ear­nestness in him that he will consta ntly ·feel unhappy in heathenism, and that some day he will begin to seek with all his soul after that which he needs.

'rhese movements forwards and backwards which such people go through exercise an influence on more than themselves; ,the hesitating misgivings infect others w·ho are at the state of cogitation.

As regards the congregational life in its ordinary circ~ms~ances and forms, such as participation in divine service, use of the sacraments, contributions to tIle church collection ·and to the Dinajpur-Malda Mission, the pre­paration of the young £(,1' confirmatjOll-there is nothing new or specially noteworthy to say of all this. We think we can trace progress notwithstandjng deficiencies and frailties.

A son'owful, but interesting phE}nomenon should be mentioned in this connection. In this part of The·W est we have seen a tend~ncy towards the forming of a Free Church, a kind of "Away from Saheb" movement.

Some worthless Christians who lived in polygamy, spirit worship, drunkenness and other misery had been excluded

FIFTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT. 85

from the community. The heathen here in, The West will have nothing to do with such people. It ca.n be­come difficult, may be even impossible, for· these to get their children married, and they are in an unfortunf;Lte position in nearly every respect. According to the de­velopment of civilization among the Santals and their so­cial customs it is almost a necessity of life for the in­dividual to belong to a society.. The excommunica.ted are thus forced to hold together and extert them­selves to get others to secede to them; and the ~reater their number the fewe~ become the difficulties of get­·ting their children married.

The excommunicated mentioned comprised three fami­lies; then they got a fourth family over to their side, and thereafter held a meeting and constituted themsel­ves as a community with certain rules. Drunkenness and polygamy should be permitted, bu.t still they wanted to have a kind of divine service, and with this ob­ject they decided to build a church. They wished to ·have their children baptized, and the married state should be sanctioned by a wedding cermony in "church",

So they were obliged to see about getting a priest. A very mIserable Christian, who had in his time been ordained by the late Mr. Haegert, promised to officiate as priest.

The remarkable thing was this want of theirs to give their project a kind of religious support. :As a gene­ral rule the religious here in India is closely connected with the social.

~othing, however, came of either the building of a church or of t~e priest. It was, of course, no good spirit tha.t had united these poor peo]?Je, therefore their founding of a free Church w~s ~ fiasco.

, 36 SANTAL MISSION - OF ~HE NORTHERN CHURCHES.

DUM~ _

This is an old station about 6 miles to the east or Vumka. We have got two preachers stationed here, but no rruits.

KARIKADOR,

has during the past year heen under the charge of Bhado, assisted by two preachers, all or -them, we believe, good men. ,Bhado is, however, suffering rrom con~ump­tion and will not have bodily strength to continue to have charge of the station.

No baptisms of converts from the heathen ha\Te been repol"ted this year; one child of Christian parents has been baptized. 'Vehave 11lany difficulties in this place, the result of un,worthy workers and unworthy persons having been taken In.

TILA.BANI.

Mr. Kampp writes: The past year can best be charac­terized as belonging to the "days of small things," which one should not despise, because God's Spirit works silently. Here also w~ have been permitted to see a little of this wor~ing notwithstanding our own weak powers. It has been a disappointment to us to be un­able to extend the work beyond the comparativelY'small portion of th~ district that can be reached from Tila. bani itself. When last year's report was being written it was decided that one of the students in the divinity school should come to Lotabani after passing his examin~­tion, but thi; has not yet been carried out. A message came nearly a year ago from a village far away' down in the south-west portion of the district from an old man, "Are ~ou never coming to preach in our parts 7"

FIFTY-PIRST ANNUAL REPOR'l'. 37

But it has not been possible for us hitherto to get down there. Neither have we been able to visit the south-easterly part of' the field: . Here in Tilabaoi we had 4 elders. Of them Singrai

has now been pensioned, while we hope that Ratu, will himself - see that his vocation is not to be an elder. He has been 'sick during the last months of the year. Ranzu, is an earnest, good and pions man, but has never been to school, and his education is .only what he got as cook to Mr. Skat-Petersen or has himself since picked up. During the first months of the year he was prevented for a long time from taking part in the work owing to sickness in his family. Laclal also was virtually un­able to take a share in the work during the fir!;t quarter of the fiuancial year, aud thereafter he was transferred. His successor, Alma, came at the end of January after having completed his ,two years' course in the divinity school. He is a gifted young man and according to our circumstances well educated. Only_ he is very young and has never previously tried to be an elder, so I could o~en wish to have one or several helpers with some experience. Meanwhile we have striven to do our best aJti gather experience conjointly.

There are no great fruits or obvious results to report, but still we have had the encouragement and joy of being able to baptize two families from among the heathen, 8 souls in all. Five children of Christians have been baptized here besides. A- formerly lapsed family has moved into th~ district and been re-admitted to the congregation (6 in all). Two young women have likewise moved in. One has left. One has di~d, namely one of those who' were mentioned last year as .almost fallen away. The other family in the same condition has re-

38 SANTAL MISSION OF THE NORTHERN CHURCHES.

turned to the congregation. This man has in his time been in the school at Benagaria, and is now on trial as a teacher in Lotabani. The family mentioned in last report as wishing to be taken back into the congregation, proved to have only worldly motives and only kept on for a time. The total number of members of the con­gregation· should now therefore be 132.

The Sunday services have been attended on the average by about 40 each time here in Tilabani and on the average 10 to 15 in Lotabani. At the monthly com­munion there have been 10 to ] 8 participants.

The school in the comp~:)Und here has not gone on entirely satisfactorily in all respects. ~he one in Hira­PUf, where we have a capable. and conscientious teacher, has been .better. The one in Lotabani is still at its commencement and in its infantile complaints. During th~ hottest time we had a short course here for a 'few young men to teach them to read, write and sing, in the hope that they might in time become elders. About once a. month we hava gathered. young men and boys from the neare:;t villages on Sun:lay afternoons for a kind of Y. M. C. A. meetings with singing, games, lectures or narrations "Bible and Mission-history) with tea. It has often won a good response. We have also started a smaH circulating library, but it has only for the pre­sent 25 numbers in San tali and Bengali. Otherwise much has been stranded on the ·constantly reiterated difficult econo m ic position of the Mission. On this ac-count also we should rejoice that the war will now soon come to an end. The co-operative bank has worked satisfactorily; but the comiog year threate~s us with dear times and many difficult circumstances,

FIFrl'-FIll.ST ANNUAt RE1'0 R'1'. 39

We still sigh in vain for a mighty awakening which should bring true life and warmth into the baptized.

There are here at present 3 evangelists, one "village elder" as well as 3 teachers.

~Iy wife has taken charge of the sewing school, and has besides been able to help many with medicine and nursing. Otherwise her time has been mostly taken up with language study.

MOHULPAHARI

continued during the last year under the charge· of Jasai, who has had six assistant$ besides school teachers. The work has been making fairly good progress. We have had several converts from heathenism. We have besides had a good many enquirers. 31 souls have in the course of the year been added to the congregation; 23 among these were from the heathen and 8 were children of Ohristian parents. We might have b~ptized

many more; but we have not been sure of the motives of some of the enq uirers. At the close of the year they ha,ve several, families under instruction.

Two of our M.o;hulpahari Christians were parganaits in the San tal Labour Crops which went to France . .

Sido Sirdar, who has been such an important mem­ber of the congregation at Mohulpahari, was still ~live

at the close of the year. He has since died. A few particulars of him we hope to be able to give next year.

EBENEZER

with JITHIA, BELBUNI and SOHOR.

Mr. Johne writes :-- It is not easy to give in a few lines an impression of 'what occurs in the course of the

40 SAN'l'AL MISS toN Oli' 'I'RE NORTHERN CHURCHES.

year in a large station like Be~agaria, and I shall there­fore confine myself to some remarks as to what has specially occupied us during this year.

As our friends know, the daily work of preaching round about is done by our so-called elders. -They are not always so old and experienced, nor have they any great education; and most of them will probably not be thought specially pl~omillent measured by a European stan­dard. But there are among them good believing men, whom it warms one's heart to thiuk of, and who under ,poor and difficult circumstances, often in isolated and ex­posed situations, do faithful work.

There are several, however, who grow weary or grad­dually become dull, but they are so poor that they see no way of giving up .the work which is n~ longer a heart matter with them.

We made this the subject of a series of discussions in the elders' meetings, with the result that several 'of them withdrew from the work or were placed in other spheres of activity. Courses of Bible instruction were started for the others.

First the youngest and together with them some young,: men from the villages, of whom there was some hope that they might become suita.ble workers. It was a grea.t . joy to. see with what eagerness tIley set to work. We read togethe.r about the prophet Elija.h, the gosp~l of Mark and the Catechism. These lived for two months in the station, and their wives had at the same ~ime

some lessons from my wife In both Bible reading and sewing.

Tbereafter the whole company took part in th~ usual rainy season course three. times a week: for two' and 8r

JUTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT. 41

half months. Mr. Steinthal went through ·the prophecies about the Messiah with them and I the A.cts of the Apostles.

Finally the out-station leaders were provided with an extra day a week. They are six in number and can all read and write well, so it was· easier for them. We are going through a general view of the books of the Bible singly as well as a little bit of Church history.

It has been a great encouragement to see how they thirst to learn more themsel'\f'es and to acquire more from which to give out. But ·this has of course taken time from the direct evangelistic work, and consequently the statistics show a 'lower total this year.

As congregational news it should also be remarked, that the last of the lapsed villages has so far been broken that several have come back, and others who are still ashamed to come forward openly have requested that elders may be sent to conduct worship in the village of a Sunday evening. Should we succeed in breaking f;he opposition of this village, a great stumbling block to the work will be cleared away. 'rhere are many indications that something is brewing there. May God by His Spirit carry it through to their reclamation.

Pastor Kambo was 'unfortunately ill the nrst half of the year; we missed him much in the work and are glad to have him back again in some measure ·restored. Moni Babu .has as always man~ged the Bchoolhere faithfully.

Tl1e women have assempled. steadily as usual, for. edification and sewing., by my wif.e.

The' Industrial schooL has now established itself in , ~

\

42 SANTAL MISSION OF THE NORTHERN CHURCHES.

the opinion of the Santals, and this spring three times as many lads ca.me and begged to he admitted as there were vacancies. We can now therefore make selections from among the best youtLs. Several who have gOlle through ~he Upper Primary school here work now as weavers.

A new little brick church in the out-station of Matia­:juri was consecrated this spring, w~ile 11 heathen were bapiized on th~ spot at the same tillle.

God be praised for all in onr Lord Jesus' name! Thanks for intercpssions; do not forget us.

Statistics.

Baptized heathen " children of Christian par~nts

Married, couples Deaths

35 27 10 35

Collpcted for the Dinajpur and Maida Mission Rs. 228-9-3

... " 203-6·0 63

Church collection Children in Benagaria U. P. school

" "Village schools 106 169

DINAJPUR and MALDA.

The work at both these places has been developing on the old lines.

In the Dinajpur field the work has been under the· charge of Jalpa who is assisted by 17 preachers. J alpa is an able leader and keeps his flock well to­gether. It is a pleasure to come on a visit to his place and meet with ~ll those gathered round him, and to observe how they live their iife as Christians,

FIFTY-FiRST ANNUAL REPORT. 43

During the year past they have baptized 101 souls; of these 79 were from among the heathen and 22 were children ..of Christian parents.

The pastor's wife has been working among the women, but besides her we have had 110 special women workers, bu t expect to get at least one. -

The Christians are eager to let their children learn something; we have seven schools here, one of these is an evening school; another is a kind of boarding school, where the Mission gives the teaching and the school house etc., but the people themselves give all other expenses. This latit school takes the pupils up to the IT pper Primary Standard. They are now anxious to get it one step higher, to the Middle Vernacular Stan· dard. In these schools they have had in ail L42 pupils, among whom 36 were girls, although there is no separate school for gir Is.

Our brethren over there have during this past year had some of the same kind of difficulties as those men­tioned last year. We do not wish to enter on details here, but only say, that OlIr impression is, that the opponents are losing, so far as our Christians are concerned. In spite of threats or promises of re­muneration they have remained true to what they know they have.

In the MaIda field Pastor SU1"ai has continued in charge, assisted by J 3 preachers and four school-masters. The Pastor's wife has been working among the women.

The work has not gone forward here as in the other parts, the causes of this being several. They have had very much sickness among the worker~, the Pastor him-

44 BANTAL liISSION OF TIt:1t NOnTHElRN·(JHtrRCHi!S.

self baving been laid up for a couple.of months. They have here: .also;~had very muoh to contend with fr,om.the side of the Roman Catholics who try to draw :o11,r people away over to them.

In the course of the year twenty from among the heathen and six children of Christian parents, in all 26, have been added to the congregation.

The schools are fairly well attended.

T~E ASSAM COLONY.

Mr. Gausdal writes: The month of June was a time of plain talking to the people here abo1:lt the changeable· ness of this wor1d. Mr. Nielsen was then called home to the eternal rest in the midst of his best years, and Mrs. : Nielsen began to prepare to leave Mornai. And here in Grabampur the Pedersons were at work breaking ,up. It must be remarkable and also difficult for the ~ative congregation aU these changes, and I cer­tainly believe :there were many who felt lonely and for­saken when all the dear ones were away. At all events lean say that I felt something like that, when, after having bid farewell to Mrs. Nielsen at the railway s~tion ,in!' Darjeeling and to. the ... federsons at Golak­ganj, I made my solitary way home again at the pace of a bullock cart. It was therefore a great joy ,that Mir. Winding came up herea:,fe,,' days l~ter.

"'As 'regardif~ the workduTing the past· year, it is self. nnd~rstood that I can write nothing ,detailed about it. But I shall give ~ a stai!ement. of the statistics, and where I feel fairly certain shall a,dd. some remarks.

l!':IFTY-l1'IRS'1' AISNtlAL aEPORT. 45

! At the census taken on the 1st An-gust the· population of the Colony proved to l1umber 4076 * made up in the following manner:-

Christians Heathen Total Santals 3,159 266 3,42'5 Mahles 189 3 192 Meches ]31 74- 205 Others 143 111 254

---'l'otal , 3,622 454 4,076 ~ --

The Santal and Christian cha.racter of the Colony is distinctly apparent from, these statistics. The births in the course of the year were 153, and the deaths 96. Of the latter 77 were Christians. The influenza came here, in July, and from then on the deaths increased.

As regards general material matters the last year was an indifferent one. The rice harvest was a failure and the jute was low in price. This settled the people's fate. Added to this comes the circumstance that many have saddled themselves with more land than they can cultivate. Consequently.they are straitened for money. In the last months (.July to October) we got splenJid rain, so the seed was got well into the ground, and therefore we here in the Colony with genuiue Santa! optimism hope for a good year.

The Christian work has been vigorolls during the course of the year, and great results have been attained,

:JI: We are glad to be able to tell that at the time of going to Press the population of the Colony has increased to about 4800.

P .. O. B.

46 SAN1'AL MISSION OF TliE NORTHERN CHURCHES.

as the fol1owing statistics taken from the baptismal register will show:-

Children of Heathen Total Christian parents

Within the Colony 153 Outside the Colony

bu t near Grahampu~

Tea Gardens

o 7 In Mornai }

" rramai ~ In the north-east: BodeaguriO

Kochugaon 4

T.otal 166

207

18 7

12 o

40

284

360

18 14.

14 o

44

450 -- ~ --

. I have grouped them thus because Mr. Winding has taken '~over the spiritual work in the Gardens and the leadership of tLe work -in the north-east from the Colony, and the future grouping will therefore be such. In connection with the work outside the Colony I have examined the church records here, a!1d it may be of interest to append the results.

In the annual report for 1887-88 mention is made of the colonists' own Mission, and a station is named in Rajadabri, a village south east of the high road and about half way between Gosaegaon and Kochugaon. It was Mech work. I only know the result of this first work by .repute, as the church books here do not go so far back. It is said to have been a hard field of work, but Pastor Dabaru was won there.

After 1897 came the perio~ of the Colony's·declension and one seeks also in vain after progress outside the Colony. Not until in 1909 did baptisms of people out­side take place, and in the following years the' position stood. thus: in 1908-09, U souls; 1909-10, 13 souls j

FIFTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT. 47

1910-11, none; 19f1-12, 15 souls; 1912-13, 36 souls; 1913·14, 15 sonls; 1914-15, 29 souls; 1915-16, 15 souls; 1916-17, 5 souls; 1917-18, 44 souls. To these must be added the many Christians immigrated from this and other Missions. Their number is large and their Christianity little; but they have also been as sheep without a shep­herd in many instances up there in the jungle, so it is not well to he severe in one's judg-ment. The pro­gress in the later years stands in connection with the great influx of Santals. The Lord's work has struck root among this people, but has still only weak roots among the Meches.

The working staff in the Colony consists of two pastors and 5 elders. The Mech congregation feels the loss of Dabaru, although Do'rkanto works as" an elder. He is old and does not seem able to get about much. The other congregations have their people as hefore. Possibly there is not a full understanding- of the care of a congrega­tion among the workers., But the divine services, Friday meetings and evening worship have been steadily main­tained, 'notwithstanding., that rain and sickness raise ob­stacles at times. The attenda~ce at the Lord's Supper since I came has averaged 160 to 180 monthly.

The congregational offerings have been as follows:-Grahampur Rs. 274 11 0 Haraputa 138 13 3 Rantzaupur 96 9 3 Majadabri 35 14 6 Samaguri (Mach congregation) 46 2 4! Offerings in kind including village and individual gifts 561 3 6

Total Rs. 1,153 5 lO! ~

48 SANTAL MISSION OF THE NORTHERN CHURCHES.

The money has been . used fOT the most part for'the liquidation of the debt on the church here in Graham­pur, and there is good hope that it .willbe paid up in the coming year.

There have been 10 village schools in operation with nearly 250 pupils on the roll. The attendance is how­ever very variable, and after the holidays in July the influenza put- obstacles in the way.

The Boarding school here in Grahampur was started after new year 1918, and the {ledersons did much to teach-the boys E~glish. After the holidays we have continued in the same manner, and 1\fr. Winding has devoted much of his time to the boys.

In conclusion I will commend the work to the inter­cessions and affectionate remembrance of the friends.

THE TRAINING SCHOOLS.

A. The Boys. MI'. Ofstad writes :- On the first October 1917 we

had 181: pupils enrolled, and on the 3~)th September 1918 there were 190, but the average monthly number during the whole year has been 207 thus:-No Class Average on roll A verage daily attendance 1 Standard 6 17 12 2 5 20 17'

" 3

" 4

4 "

3 5

" 2

~ " 1

-7 Infant 2nd year 8-

" 1st

" 9 Training

15 25 22 25 35 40 8

207

13 22 ,20 23 30, 36

7

180

FIFTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT. 49

The examination at the end of the year resulted thus :-No

'" Class Stood for examination Passed

1 Standard 6 10 1 2

" 5 15 15

3 "

4 22 22 4

" 3 21 20

5 "

2 Q1 21 6

" 1 25 23

7 Infant 2nd year 23 20 8

" 1st

" 38 32

9 Training class 1st year 3 2

178 156

And so the school year from 1st October 1917 to 30th Septem her 19] 8 is at an end. I shall not this year either fill up the annual report with a long account. Still I wish to mention a few things of great importance for the school. The first is that the school building is now finished. We have been occupied with it for four years. Is it then so extraordinarily large? Not larger than is needed. But the war came and was felt also in our otherwise so peaceful Santalistan. 4-11 building materials obtainable in the country here are just as cheap as before the war, the cost of labour likewise. But that which rose to an, incredible height was the price of iron and cement. It rose to 'three or fonr times the ordinary rates when we;bought the last, and since the price has risen to ten times what is used to be. So we began and stopped, and began again according as the prospects were. Still, God· be praised, the school ·building is now completed, and it is in all probability the largest of such in Santalistan. It is my hope now that this school may become useful aud a blessing to tlle Santa!

9

~ 50 SANTAL MII!lSJON OF THE NORTHERN CHURCHRS.

people. It is with that ohjPct we ~ave expended money and labour on it. It has been built in such a way that it may stand for hundreds of years, if no earth­quake or other misfortune befalls it.

As I have been 'so to say quite alone in sUJ>ervising this building work (Boroda Dotto has gererally helped a,nd he is a capable and trustworthy man, but he has suffered so much from illness that he has been absent two or three months at a time) this has been a loss to the school itself, which in pla,ce of advancing has rabher retrograded in the real school work in the last year. Still I do not take this much to heart; it will soon come all right again. Especially the outward working conditions will now be as good as one could wish.

The second matter of great importanc~ i~, that at the­last conference held at Benagaria it. was decided that OUT school should be converted into a ~1:iddle English one instead of as we have had it only a Middle Vernacular one. It was also decided that we should start with a two years' teachers' school based on the Middle schoo1. This has been commenced already. Still you will understand that all these alteratJons occasion some difficulties until one attains steadiness. However, all the changes that have taken place have come from the Mi~Bion's side as a consequence of a greater desire for enlightenment on the part of the Santals. For it ~s a fact, that wh~18t some eight or nine years ago one had the grAatest trou­ble in scraping together pupils to form a school, now they will sta.nd and beg us to take their children. This is an extremely joyful ~nd hopeful change, wHich (for me at all events) gives hope of a bright jutuve for the Santal$,.

51

I shall not either this year go into details regard­ing the school work. We have had during the past year on the average 207 boys, who in the great majority of cases have conducted themselves in an ex­emplary manner. Still we have also had sorrows and disappointments. These things will to be sure always go hand in hand .. What we have worked hard for this year also has been to: lead them to the Saviour, so that they might Lacarne upright Christians, for on this the sttlvation of the Santal people will of course depend.

A~ regards discipline I have nothing to complain of. Of the 207 boys who live constantly here there is only one who has caused me faint-heartedness. But I have hope for him also, sinc~ he came without anyone's know­ing about it of his own accord and confessed everything. I believe the Holy Spirit is working in him, and in that case he has the best Teacher of all. Gupinath, so he is called, is in the teachers' 'class, and he and I have had many earnest conversations together. Dear frien.ds of the :Mission, join us in praying for him and for my little work here, for it concerns dearly bought souls of men.

Last year the following left the school :-1. Barsa from Babhondiha. He is assistant teacher here. 2. Kudu Hasdak, is to be a male Burse here. 3. Budhrai has been appointed compounder here. 4. Anta Marma is boarding master under Matu. 5. Haran Hasdak, compounder with Dr. Bogh in Bena­

garia. ODe of the teachers, Bahadur Kisku, was obliged to go

home o,ving to consumption. Likewise Matu Soren, one of our cleverest young mell. Both of these suffer from tu­

berculosis and will hardly be able to work more. * '"' Both these young men al'e dead nc'w P. O. B.

52 SAN TAL MISSION OF THE NORTHERN CHURCHES.

We have had much sickness this year. First measles, then a bad kind of ear complaint, so that we had 30 to 40 on the sick list each day, and then one canperoeiYe that it is difficult to get the school forward. Only one died. Besides the usual school curriculum we have this year also/ had gymnastics, handicraft, singing, gardening and music.

The Lord has helped until now, and it is in hope and trust in Him that we have begun the new school year. And now hearty thanks to the friends in the Home lands who do not grow weary of helping us with work and prayers. Hearty greetings.

• B. The Girls.

Miss Jensen writes: Again a year is at an and. It has been a busy year, a year with many difficulties. But notwithstanding all we can finish it with thanks to our Lord and Saviour. He has carried us through all that 'Was heavy'" and taught us still better to cling to Him In trust and faith.

I mentioned in my last year's report that a com­mencement had not. yet been made 011 the school house. This was due of co11,rse to the war, as the materials are so inordinately expensive and to some extent unprocurable. It has been hard to have to wait so long, anotller whole year; but it is unavoidable. It only retards the work to run round to virtualIy-~ all places .in the compound to look after the classes and teachers. We have classes that is to say in six different places. But now I rea11y­hope we shall soon be able to start work .

. ~ We have besides had much sickness this year. The

ll'IFT'1-FIRS'!' ANNUAL REPORT. 53

worst of all was that Miss Diesen was obliged to leave us in January. May the LOl'd bless her and make her strong and well again, 80 that she mayagain come out to the Santals. We all miss her much.

Several of the teachers have also been ill, so that for several months we were obliged to help ourselves with half the personnel. In addition various illnesses appeared among the children. The Lord took two deUtr little girls home to Himself.

On~ of these, a daughter of Pastor Kambo in Bena­garia, had only been a few months in school. She was not strong: but as she had a longing to come to the school her father allow(;d her. She was ill only a couple of days, so that the father did not arrive until after she was dead. But he was able to see her in her last dress. It is so hard to give the children back to the Lord when He wants to take them home. And it is still worse to comfort the parents when they come. But the Saviour, the Lord Jesus Christ, the conqueror of death, can help in everything. He helped also this time, and He gave the grieved father grace to talk at the grave. A.nd he spoke as one who has gained the vic­tory. He spoke with such power that the words took hold of all hearts; he said he was so glad because Lis little girl had been in the school and heard so much about Jesus. He begged all the children so to live that the could meet Jesus, the Friend of little children, with

JOY· The other who died was Ballti, of whom I spoke

when 1 was visiting at home. She was confirmed a few months previously. She was so ·glad because she had obtained access to the Lord's Holy Supp2r. She had been for many years in the school and was a charming

54 SANTAL MISSION OF THE NORTHERN CHURCHES.

girl. 1t wa,S she who by mistake once got two sa'ris. As no one knew of this, she might easily have kept them if she had not been honest. She came weeping one day with one of the saris and said, "I got two but should have had only one. I have not been happy since. Here it is!" She sprang away so relieved, the poorer by one sari, but richer in her soul. Before she died she asked us to sing - her the hymn, "What can wash away my sins? 9nlythe blood of Jesus." It goes so quickly out here with both sickness and death. Her parents also did not come till after she was dead. It was on Easter eve that she died. Early on Easter morning she was buried by Mr. Bodding who was hold­ing service in Maharo that day_. Well is it that tne hope of eternal life s_hines also out here over the graves. "We shall be more than conquerors through Him that loved us." Mr. Bodding spoke so warmly on these words. With sorrow in the heart we could all sing with a full breast our Easter hymns. l!"'or in spite of all "death

• is swallowed .up in victory." We had it many times rather hard in the rainy

season, as the roof of OUI' house leaked. We were ob­liged to flit from one room to another. At times we had not more than one rootU together, lVliss Andresen apd I, for she was in Maharo to help me after Miss iJiesen had left. Out in the hous-e we call the church it rained through at times so much that we were ob­liged to take holidays.

1 myself have also time and again been tired and dispirited, for which I am as a matter of course deep­ly ashamed" for a Christian is not permitted to lOBe courage. Why, it should be reckoned as an honour when the Lord sends us difficulties. And when we are ashamed

FIFTY-FIRST ANNUM, REPORT. 55

of ourselves we learn with S()ren Kierkegaard to say, "God is always right and I am always wl'ong." God be praised, He is always faithful. If we could only lie still at His reet, all would be well. With our hands in His we ought always to be happy, even in tpe heaviest hours.

In October 1917 we had 147 ehildren in the school. Now we have 163. About Christmas we had many more. Two have died as we have heard. A few stayed on at home after the summer vacation, as there was sickness in the ramily, and nine have been married.

The behaviou l' of the children has been on the whole excellent. TWEnty two fine young girls obtained access to the Lord's Supper at the beginning of the year, having been confirmed on Sunday th~ 21 st October. Miss Dies-en and I prepared them, she before I retnl'ned, and I arter the ho1idays. These hours belong to the festival moments of ~1 ission work.

In conclusion I would be pel'mitted to give hearty thanks to all friends in the three Home lands for love and intercessions. I think I may' dare to say with mo­desty that "there is a reward for your work." It is or course the foundation of the future home we seek to lay in the school. In trust and confidence in our Lord and Saviour this work well succeed. I believe in the power of intercessory prayer. Continue in prayer for

'us. May God bless you always 1

T~E DIVINITY SCHOOL.

Mr. Steinthal writes:- The chief event of the year was the final examination of the first set of students in December 1917 j the Secretary of the Mission and 1(r. J Qhne were present and kindly assisted in examining

56 SANTAL MISSION ,OF THE NORTHERN CAURCHES.

the papers. The result was so far satisfactory as they all passed; they obtained between 51 and 78 per oent. of full marks. It 'was well deserved, as on the whole they had worked· faithfully and diHgently. The real result of t~ two years' work in spiritual growth and intellectual maturity is to be proved in their different spheres of labour, to which they were appointed after the examination, two of them in oharge of stations, the others as evan~e1ists.

In the middle of January ] 2 new students we~e ad­mitted; their previous training and development' made it necessary to divide them in two classes so 3S to adapt both subject and teaching to thei~ varying capacity and need. Considerations of time and strength have compelled us to join the classes in some subjects (The Mosaic dis­pensation; the liessianic prophecies; the Jewish religion at the time of Christ), but it has not been quite s~tis­

factory. ~t worked better in dealing with the religion of the ~antals which they all know.

Wilen it has beell possible to keep both classes re­gularly occupied throug,h school-hours (3 hours in the mor­ning, 2 in thA afternoon) it is partly due to the good ser­vices of my personal helper Ran." Ki.sku, who besides assis. ting me in my o\vn work has undertaken / the d.ictation of the not inconsiderable amount of notes, the students have to take down for lack of text-books, and has taught the lower· class an hour daily (Bible history, Church history and repetition of other subjects). Babu Moni Lal lJa8, who is in charge of the local day school, has kin~ly given some hours a week teaching Biblical geography ~nd map drawing, also dictation and essay writing to the lower class. Mr. Johne's singing lessons ana a course in first aid to the injured by oqr IQedi<;al

FIFTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT. 57

missionary, Dr. Bogh, have been much appreciated l,y the students.

Opportunity for practical training has been given by . the daily morning devotion, taken in turn by the stu­dents, the Sunday afternoon village meetings for Christ­ians, and once a week. by a preaching tour to heathen villages. The higher class has homiletic exercises once a week. A small Sunda,y school kept up by Moni Babu's assistance ~has about 3"0 children on the roll with an .. average attendance or 15-16.

All the students live in the station and are encour­aged to do some gardening; it does not, however, go

I beyond Indian corn and some vegetables. My wife has gathered the wives three mornings a week for Bible teaching and sewing; as several could not read or write, this has also been accomplished by mutual instruction. At our monthly tea-meetings we have heard about In­dian Missions and sometimes about the great war. A young friend, a :Mohammeaan convert, who paid us a vi,sit, aroused much interest by telling us about Sadhu Sunder Singh; he also gave the students some lessons in how to deal with Moslems. Saturday afternoon we usually gather for free discussion, or prayer meetings, or some of the students have told about Christian men whose biographies they have read.

In the A cI,ass five students were admitted 27-40 years old, all having passed through our boarding school and been several 'years in practical work as evangelists or teachers. In ·the B cI-ass seven were admitted, all below 30, mo~t of them with yery little school training and very limited experience; some of them had been vil­lage teachers, a few among them evangelists. Only one was under 20, a young Mech from Assam1 who was

J:!:

58 SANTAL M:TSSION OF THE NORTHERN CHURCHES.

sent because of the great need of workers among his people; he is bright and promises very well. One had to be sent home at the summer vacation for failing 'health; he has sihce died. We have had more illness tban last year, but :hnve been able to carryon the work.

It always takes time to break in a uew set of men and to come into the right p~l'sonal touch with them; so' far we' have much to thank God for, as also an those who by theil' love and intercession have helped to carry the work and t11e workers from day to da,y. May God add His blessing.

:MEDICAL WORK.

Dr. Bogh writes: I always feel when I have to write a year's report that it is so difficult to write en­tirely objectively about the work. Every undertaking may be regarded from two points of view: one m;lY fix the eye specially on that which indicates progress and every success; this leads to joy and thanksgiving; but one can with just as much right dwell on that which has been unsuccessful, which was not attained or which could or should have been done better; this gives rise to desponding thoughts, to prayer for fQl'giveness and prayer for more strengtll, more faithfulness and endur­ance, and most of all for more love, and then the ,discom­fitures will not be so many.

\ The work has gone forward both as regards personal experience, a larger number of patients; better working conditions etc.-of this I cannot for a moment be in doubt-thus .Di1uch I feel I am at liberty to say. But, as saia, on the other side, which implies defective knowledge of the language, deficient 1Uean~ of working~ insufficient

FIFT'y-lrIRS'l' AN}olUA.L Rl!]POR'1'. 59

experience 111 tropical diseases, and not least the impmcti­cability of treating so large a number of patients as have visited us this year in a really satisfactory manner~this I must also mention, perhaps chiefly to enlist the inter­cessions of the readers.

From the new year we began using the small pro­visional hospital; it consists of four rooms which were arranged by transforming a verandah in a corner of the old girls' school. Even though with its eartben floor, San tal beds and eutil'e primitive arrangement it is very far from meeting the demands of a hospital, still it has been a great help in the work, and it has only 'thereby been possible to help a number of patients who had to be operated 011. I have also thus got a little foretaste of how much more encouraging the reli­gious work is in a hospital, where one can· learn to know the patients personally and can be permitted to be a ~essenger of God to them day after day either by a quiet talk at the bedside uf the sick or by the regular services. Durillg the last nine months 60 cases were ad­mitted as real patients; but along with them came ubout 12C relations. who were with them to lIurse them, COUl­

fort them and cook food for tllel1l, ~Iuch can be said £1'0111 a doctor'::; stl1udpoillt agaiu::;t having all these peo­ple Jiving ill the hospital, but looked at from tbe mis­sionary's standpoint I am unly gla,d to have them. I know that w~ have won lllany friends in this company, and dare also believe that the word, even if it has sounded heavy and awkward ill the foreign tongue, wiU not return void, We have beeu privileged to see m~ny li~t1e approaches, in a few individua 1 cases even more, but how it will go when they return home to the old

60 sAN TAL Ml~SION OF l'HE NOR'1'HllmN .CHURChlilS.

heathen surroundings, it is ha!d to thihk of, but God follows them there also.

Preaching is carried on in Bengali only to the wait· ing patients, seeing that,' as. the subjoined statistics will show, the great majority of the patients al'e Bengali speaking, and as most Santals understand Bengali also. This 'York of preaching has been carried on by Sirish Babu, the head of the Press.

As for the l'est, I have the salll.e three smart assist­a~ts, Bhuj1t, Ha1'1lla and Nimbai, of whom I will only repeat that it is a daily pleasure to work along with them.

I

The Dispensary has been attended by 6,268 patients with in all 12,454 consultations. On the busiest day we had 17<.' patients. Of the 277 operations 18 were f(Jr cataract.

The above mentioned ,6J 268 patients al;e divided in the followingpercentHge :-

~1:en Women Total

Heathen Sal1tals 14 ,9 23 } total San tals 31

OI'I:istian Santals 5 3 8

Hindus .)() 0..., 16 48

:MohamllJedans 13 8 21 64 36 -r~

------ ~ As will be seen the increase consists mostly of Hin­dus and Mohammedans who come from long distances, whilst the Santals come mostly frum t'he nearest neighbour.· hood. As last year about olle tlJil'J are ~omen.

Miss Larsen writes: When I wrote my first report iny work h~re in Dumka was only about three months old; now that I have been over a year here I have

FIFTY-FIRSf ANNUAL i{KPOR'l'. 61

got a better impl'ession of the setting of the work. As will be seen from the under noted statistics, about 61 per cent of last year's patients have been men, notwith­

standing their being treated by a woman. One of the reasons why comparatively so. few women come here is, I believe, that the women are obliged to wait on the same verandah as the men. This is .directly oppoSE'd to the custom of this co·untry. When we come to build a proper dispensary it will certainly be necessary to pro­vide separate waiting aceommodation for men and women.

As I have written earlier, I use two rooms in the elders'

hou~e resJJectively as dispensary and operation and dres­sing rooms. But the rooms are very small, and especially on market days thet'e is a great- lack of space, I am

glad to be able to say that I shall soon now obtain better working conditions. ,Ve have not yet been able to start building a hospital and dispensary on account of the high price of building materials, iron it has heen well nigh i,mpossi ble to obtain. But on the other hand a commencement has been made on the erection of a small house, which we shall use temporarily, quite close to and opposite the pres.ent dispensary. There will be two large rooms, so we shall thus get more space, and there will be· a room which I can use specially fur wornen. The numl?er of patients during the last year is stated below.

As compounders I have three smart young men, Udai, Rupai and Upen. Udai has been with me now close on two years, Rupai for about a year. They both came to

me straight from the plough, or more properly speaking ! ... frolD the schools in Kaerabani and here in Dumka re­spectively, Upen has worked at the dispensary in Kaera­

bani £01' about two years. He if; married to N oha, on.Q of the female teachers in Maharo. They are all . three

62 SANl'AL MISSlON OF 'l'BE NOltTIiEJtli CHU1WHES.

good yo~ng people, willin~ to learn and pleasant to work with. Among other things they ure all clever in both Hindi ana Bengali, and that means much when the majority of the patients speak one of these languages. Mrs Nielsen came here ill, the middle of September, and is a good help in the work. There is some talk of her perhaps removing later to Benagaria, where she and little Else can get their own horne. It is a great loss to me also that we 110 longer have Sona amongst us; it was snch a great sorrow :to be deprived of LeI'. She died while Mr. Bodding was in Assam, after having been ill for about ten days. She was ... 1L good woman and it will be . impossible to fill her placA. She had begun to help in the d~pensary, and took much interest in the work. I could entrust the administration of an­ae:ihetics entirely to her and I always felt easy when she had the narcosis. And in the spiritual part of the work she was an invaluable help and support. It is a faith­~ul handmaiden of the Lord who has been called home.

I have a smart little female helper in Dimbu, who . helps me specially with the women patients. She was llurse to Kirsten Ska,t-Petersel~ till she went home. _ The work of preaching in the dispensary, which has

as ,good as excl~ively lleell obliged to be in Bengali, has been carl'ied 011 partly by two of the elders who reside here in the compoulld, and partly Ly Sona and U dai. \Ve have sold many gospel portions in Hindi and Bengali and distributed gratis a large num her of tracts.·

Consultations New patients OpeL'ations

Statistics

Of these maj or ones

] 1,452 5,:261

212 22

FIFTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT. 63

The patients belonged to different communities oJ'races in the following proportions;­

Hindus Santals .

61 per cent

17'5" " Mohammedans 9'5 " "

Christians. 12 " " 61'5 per cent were men and 38'5 per cent women.

Once a week I have been in 1rIaharo and held con­sultations for people from the villages. Dhanon Joy, who is an elder at Maharo, has preached to the patients in Bengali. In addition I have seen to the school children in cases of F;ickness. These together with those who live in the compound make up over 200, and among such a large flock there is almost constantly some one who is sick. The school children are not included in the above mentioned statistics. Miss Andresen has been in ].tlaharo the greater part of the year, and it has been a great help and assurance to 111(' to know shf> was there in cases of sickness.

rrhanks for all faithful intercessions and ,all co-opera,· tion dnring the past year.

LITERATUHE. Very little has been done during the year. An abric1-

ged edition of . the BillIe Stories, ~pecial1y intended fOl' catechumens and infant schools, has been prepared and issued. A fresh edition ~ the 10th) of our Hymn book has been edited with fifteen new hymns. Other matters are under preparatjon; Imt lack of time has proved an insuperable obstacle to literary work.

• THE PRINTING PRESS has also during the past year been fairly well occupied, partly with printing forms etc. for public bodies, partly with printing and binding for the Mission what we have needed.

64 SAN TAL MlgSION· OF THE NORTHERN CHURCHES.

Among the work done for ourselves may be mentioned the two books specified undel' Literature, as well as the Annual Re}3ort, Daily Bible Readings, Oalendars and forms.

iOur printers are some of them getting old. STATISTICS.

Number of Christians on 30th September 1917 20,281 Baptized from the heathen during the year 709

" children of Christian parents 333

Deduct deaths 1,042

341 Net increase durin!.! the year 701 Number of Christians on 30th September ]918 20,982

'Ve tel1der grateful thanks to the Government of Bihar and Orissa for their continued liberal grants-in-aid to our Training schools and the Hostels connected with them, to our village schools and Industrial school.

I would also most heartily thank, on behalf of our whole Mission, all our supporters and friends in India and the Home lands, in' Engl~nd, Scotland, Denmark, Norway and Sweden, in, the United States of America, and in New Zealand, both single individuals and Asso· ciations, and especially all the Ladies' Associations, for their faithful love, their prayers and their ,gifts.

I beg to thank those who have given so much time and labour in connection with the cdilectiori of funds for special purposes.

Our special tpanks are due to the executors of Sven Foyn's Fund in )No'rJVay.

We are deeply grateful to all for their unflagging interest, and it is our constant prayer that *1' Heavenly Father will continue to bless and reward both now and hereafter each and everyone who has" done aught.for J eSllS Christ in connection with the Santal Mission.

P. O. BOpPING.

STATEMENT OF ACCOUN~

66 SANTAL MISSION OF THE NORTHERN CHURCHES.

General Mission Account ..

Dr.

~: I~: i

RECEIPTS. Rs. Bs. A. P.

To Balance in hand on 30th September 1917 ... 43,444 12 0

I " Norwegian Board, per J. Baklund, Esq., I

:£ 9,075·15·6 and Kr. 1,362.93 ... 1,24,477 2 3 " Danish Board, :£ 6,719·16-4 and Kr 3,609·10. 96,056 9 2 " American Committee, per Prof. J. H. Ble·

gen, 6,500 dolla.rs and Rs 900 ... 19,457 6 3 " The Da.nisb Church ill America, per Rev.

L. Henningsen, Solvang, Cal. :£ 228·15·0 3,018. 8 10 " Mrs. Anderson, Fargo, N. Dakota, 12 dol·

la.rs ... 32 12 ~ ~ ---- 22,508 11 2

" Rev. J N. Christensen, Palmers ton North, N.,Z. £, 17·10·0 232 11 7

" The Misses Grimond, Blairgowrie, Scot· land £, 4 ... 56 8 0

" Miss Chalmers. Edinburgh,£, 1·1·0 13 13 8 " John Roxburgb, Esq .• per A. Warden, Eaq.,

L~verpool, :£ 1-18·5 ,.. ... 25 5 6 --- - -- 328 6 9

" Mr. ~ ~. Nielsen, Manager's commission paldm .•• • .. 6,~78 3 9

'J Last y.ear-'s W.ar Loan advances refunded 500 0 0 ., Recruiting for Tea Gardens refurded 60S 6 0 " A friend ••. ... 100 0 0 " Interest on War Bonds 111 12 6 ,t Prin ting for others 1,144 1 0 " Books sold ... 315 11 6 " Thatching grass, fruit &C. sold 95 9 9 " Medical fees and medicines sold ... 593 5 0 " Ad vanees repaid ... ... . .. 141 0 0 " From Inspectress of Schools for quinine for

Girls' School... ... 100 ° 0 " Rent of Benagaria Post Office ... 12 0 0 --- ----- 3,716 13 9

" Govt. Grant-in·aid for Training schools 3,600 0 0

" " " " Hostels 1,200 0 ° " " " " Village schools 774 0 0

" " " " Industrial school 2,800 \ 0 0

" " t: " Scholarships 83 0 0

------- 8,457 0 0

Carried forward Rs. l~llollo ~

"'"'- -(

lFIFTY.FIRSTAN:N'UAL REPORt'.

from. 1st October 1917 to 30th 8eptembe1' 1918.

EXPENDITURE. Rs. A. P. ;-Bs. A. P. I i

By Missionaries ... ... ... . ..... i<. .. . ... 34:,185 11 6 ;1

" Ebenezet StlLtion (including charges for 1

other parts of the field) ... ... 3,402 6 6 "Na.nkar and Sohor Elders 'and Bible

women ... ... 2,361 0 0 " Congregational and village schools ... 1,717 0 0 - -- -- 7,480 6 6 " Eastern Field: Elders and Bible women

in 8 (:!tations ... 2,817 5 6

" " " Yearly upkeep and repairs ..

of sanle . ,. ... 1,392 9 0 ------- 4,209 14 6 " Middle Field :. Elders and Bible women

in 15 stations ... 5,285 1 0

" " " Yearly upkeep, rep~irs &c.

of ditto including 3 Eu-ropean stations, materi-als for repairs & build-ing, Christma.s expen-ses &c. ... ... 6,995 1 6

" " " Dumka Bengali work ... 891 0 0

" " , " " Municipa.l taxes ... 317 8 0

" " " Maharo Station .. , 1,868 0 0 --- -- -- 15,356 10 6

" Western Field: Elders and Bible women in Kaerabani and 6 sta-tions ... . .. 2,540 8 0

" " I, Yearly upkeep and repairs of same ... .. ' 1,341 14 0

--- ---- 3,882 6 0 " Chondol'pura Station: Elders and Bible

women ... 1,238 12 0

" " Yearly upkeep and I repairs ... 370 0 0

--- -- - 1,608 12 0 " Koroya & Majdih!lo Stations: Elders and

Bible women 648 9 ~

" " " Yearly up· keep and re-pairs ... 777 1 9

--- - -- 1,42,5 1l 0 " Tilabani Station : Elders ... ... 621 14 0

" " Yearly upkeep and repairs 743 0 0

--- ---- 1,364 14: 0 ,. Divinity School ... ... ., . 1,287 0 0 " Bena.garia. Indnstrial School ... ... 3,795 3 0

------- 5,082 3 0 " Dinajpur and MaJda Mission ... ... . ..... ... . .. 6,126 12 3

-------Carried forward Rs. ... ...... t ... . .. 80,723 5 0

~

68 SANTAL MISSION OF THE NORTHERN CHURCHES

Dr .

.I" RECEIPT8-eontin1Ua. RB. A. P. RB. A. P.

To Br«sughu. forward 3,05J867 10 10

" IntereSt from Bank on current account 1,440 1 0 " Zemindary-net rent collected 2,670 4: B

" .

. "

. "".

-----Carried forward Bs. 3,09,978 0 1

FIFTY·FIRST ANNUAL REPORT. 69

EXPENDITURE-continuetl.

Brought forwa.rd

By Training schools : Teaohers ... • .. " " I, Children's maintenance ••• " " "Na.tive doctor, compoun·

" " "

" " "

" " "

ders &c Quinine for Girls' school

Bllilding at Kaera.bani ... " " Maharo

" Sundry expenses in connection with adminis· tration and supervision, travel &c.

" Special workers ... •.. . .. " Tea meetings at all sta.tions and tea. bought

for sa.me .. . " Cutting Tha.tching grass .. . " Horse, &a.ddle &c for Dr. Bogh's use

" Printing Press: Establishment " " " Materials

" Rent of Mission Stations " Missionaries' Income Tax ... " New missionaries setting up household " Materials (timber & tools) ...

" Medicines and Chemicals bought ... :, Dumka, Maharo and Benagari!). Dispen!aries " Legal expenses ... " Inland Telegra.ms ... " Foreign " ... ... " 'Books, office necessaries and PostaO'e " Conference expenses, in part... 0

" Passages from and to Europe and America .. . " Boxes fron. Norway... ... .. . " Missionaries'va.cation allowance

,,' Auditors' fee for last year ... " Bihar and Orissa Missionary Union " Boad repairs ... . .. " Advances ... ... " Loan to co·operative society at Tilabani " Church expenses ... ... " Agriculture .. . " Communion wine •.• " Bank's charges for stamps

Carried forward Rs.

Ha.

5,205 14,046

756 103

A. P.

o 6

o 8

o 6

o o

4,024 8 0 2,057 1 3

432 0 0

135 11 1 304 6 0 625 O. 0

1,339 0 0 1,832 13 6

575 7 7 693 2 0 200 0 0 i7l 1 9 ___ 1-

4,104 6 9 916 8 7 670 2 6 91 7 0

131 4 0 601 4 6 311 14 0

5233 12 0 213 3 0

3,550 0 0

200 0 0 80 0 0

299 8 0 369 0 0

50 0 ° 23 0 0 43 7 8 99 10 6 45 6 6

Cr.

Rs. A. P.

80,723 5 0

20,110

6,081

1,344

1,497

3,171

1,739

6,826

14

9

8

1

13

11

15

8,996 15

1,210 0

6

3

6

1

6

o

8

••• 1,31,702 14 2

70 SANTALJ;M.ISSION & THE NORTHERN ·OHURCHES.

Rs. A. P.

Brought forward ... 3,09,978 0 1

--'-' --Total &s. ... 3,09978 '0 1

BANK

Mercantile Banlc : 34,636 5 ' 6 Interest to 26 ApriI19H~, 9 months

at 5 -p. c. p.a. 1,298 13 6

Renewed for 9 months at 5 p. c. p. '8..

due 26 Jany 1919 (Pension Fund)... 35,935 3 0 AmoUnt on current account . 20,000 0 ° Interest to 29 Nov 1917 132 10 0

Placed on deposit for 9 months at 5 p. c. p. an. 20,132 10 0

Interest to 29 August 1918 75415 3 /

Renewed for 1 year at 5 p. c. p. an 20,8879 3 (Pension Fund)

Hongkong and Shanghai Bank: 3q,798. 14 6 Interest to 11 :ApriI1918, 1 year- at

5 p. c. 1,539 15 0

Renewed for 1 year at 5p. c.(Pension Fund) 32;338 13 6 Placed on deposit for 6 months at 4

-p. c. p.an. 'on 5 Jan. 1918 14,000 0 0 Intei'eatto 5 July 1918 280' 00

FIFTY-FIRST ANNU.!L ItEFORX. 71

Cr. ,

EXPENDITU RE-conaluded. &S. ~ P. &s. ,A. P.

Brought for,ward ... 1,81,702 14 2

B Y Assam Colony, remitted Superintendent & paid locally ... ... ... 9,624 I 6 0

, Tea Gardens, recruiting ... ... 670 0 0 --- - -- 10,294 6 0

" Zemindary-advanced'to co-shareholders for l'Oad cess ... ... . .. ...... ... . .. 1,5M 2 3

" Lnvested ill War BOll(ls (added to Hospital Fund) ... ... ... 794 12 3 I

" Placed in Banks on Fixed Deposit ... 1,07,299 4 6 --- - - 1,08,094 0 9

----- -2,51,625 7 2

" Balance in hand 011 30th September 1918 ... ....... . .. ... 58,352 8 11 --- - -

l'otal &S. ... . ..... .. . ... 3,09,978 0 1

DEPOSITS.

t\ Renewed for 1 year at 5 p. c. . .. 14,280 0 ° Placed on deposit for 9 months at 4! p, c. p. an. on 5 Jan. 1918 13,000 0 0

Placed (in deposit for 1 year at 5 p. c. on 5 Jan. 1918 13,421 0 9

Floating account Balance on 30.Sept. . 1917 (Tea Gardens)... • •• 675 0 0 Interest to,30. Nov;. 1917 27 0 4

; Additional cash deposited on 26 June 1918... ... . .. 10,000 ° 0

On deposit for 1 year at 5 p. c. due 27 June 1919 (Tea Garden fund) ... 10,702 ° 4

Okarter6r/,rBtmk : Oash cil~oBited~ 2.9N 0\').

1917 for 1 year at :> p. c. 10,000 ° ° Last year's deposit "', 21,934 8 10 Inte~eBt to 3 March 1918~ 1 year at 5

1,096 11 p. c. 6

Renewed for 1 year at 5 p. c. • •• 23,031 4 4 Placed on deposit for 1 year at 5 p. c.

on 8 April 1918 6,878 3 9

... MWf"""'4"'(fJ"-fWl ~ .. '

11111~lllijti~S~~it~ililllllll ~ .' 72 SANTAL M1Sh 3 9002 10638 2519 r CHURCHES.

Placed on deposit for 1 year at 5 p. c. on 27 May 1918 (Buildingb Fund) •••

Do (Hospital Fund) . Interest to 26 July 1918 for 1 year

at 5 p.c ...• Additional cash on 26 July 1918 ...

Now invested in Indian War Loan BondR of 1928 at 5t p. c. p. a.

13,528 12 11

676 6 10 794 12 3

40,000 0 0

15,000 0 0

P. O. BODDING.

Secretary and Treasurer.

Certified that we have checked the books of the Santal Mission of the Northern Churches for the year to the 30th September 1918 as follows :-

~rhe General Oa.,l" Book has beeu examined with the subsidiary books and vouchers and found correct. The Bank Pass Book has been checked and agreed as at f 30th September 1918, also the Cash Balance in hand was counted and the Ba.nkl~ Deposit Receipts were examined as on 30th September 1918.

The Toa Oa1'aen Aooount, will be audited and certified separately.

The Ooltmy Oasl" Book has been checked as follows: All remittances from the MissiDn . h ave been seen to be duly entered, such vonchers as are available have been examined, l .11 postings of the LOll.n Books have been checked, and the total ba.lance of Lorms and De- \ posits outstanding has been agreed therewith. I

Zemintla1"!I. We have checked the total Rent Receipts with the Gomasta's detailed 1 returns, a.nd agreed the receipts shown in the General Cash Book therewith.

(Sd) LOVE LOOK and LEWES.

Clla'l'terea Ac()oJlntantl.

Calcutta, 15th October i918.