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The “Sandwich” Approach to Professional Development: Knowledge Creation Though Lesson Study Rebecca Perry, Catherine Lewis, Aki Murata, Lesson Study Group Members Lesson Study Group at Mills College Oakland, California [email protected] http://www.lessonresearch.net. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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The “Sandwich” Approach to Professional Development: Knowledge Creation Though
Lesson Study
Rebecca Perry, Catherine Lewis, Aki Murata,Lesson Study Group Members
Lesson Study Group at Mills CollegeOakland, [email protected]
http://www.lessonresearch.net
This research is supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. REC-0207259.
Post-LessonActivities
Research Lesson
Planning
Lesson StudyLesson Study
Planning
Lesson StudyLesson Study
Collaborative Discuss long-term & content goals Study available units & lessons on a
particular topic Revise an existing lesson
Research Lesson
Planning
Lesson StudyLesson Study
Designed to bring to life a particulargoal/ vision of education
1 teacher teaches; others observe/ collect data
Recorded - video, audio, student work, observation notes
Research Lesson
Planning
LessonLesson StudyStudyPost-Lesson
Activities
Formally debrief Discuss how lesson brought goals to life Reflect on learning Revise and re-teach, if desired
Research Lesson
Planning Phase
Post-LessonActivities
Knowledge Creation ProcessKnowledge Creation Process
Phase-specific collaborative activities
Other professional experiences Human & material resources
* Knowledge created by: a) encountering new ideas, b) making connections/ contrasting ideas with existing knowledge, c) self-monitoring learning (e.g., asking questions or seeking clarification), and d) drawing on motivation and efficacy.
*
Important Knowledge for Important Knowledge for TeachingTeaching
(NRC, 2001)
Stage I - Characterizing InstructionStage I - Characterizing Instruction
Videotaped, transcribed lesson Coded for math content, instructional
strategies to identify themes Reviewed individual written student work
with video support to capture mathematical thinking
(NCTM, 2002)
Stage II - Impact of Planning Stage II - Impact of Planning on Instructionon Instruction
Transcribed planning sessions, coded for: Instructional elements (content, instruction, s.
thinking) Evidence of knowledge creation (new idea, compare/
contrast idea, question/ clarify) Supports
Identified themes overlapping with lesson and traced evolution of ideas
Today detailing evolution of unit rate concept
Ideas From PlanningIdeas From Planning
Unit rate (value of a ratio) relates equivalent fractions;
Relates to measurement;
Requires division; Units (e.g., of 1) can
be grouped to form larger units (e.g., of 5)
(Lo, Watanabe, & Cai, 2004)
Ideas From PlanningIdeas From Planning
“Unit rate” (multiplicative) and “factor of change” (additive) methods are alternative ways of solving proportional reasoning problems.
Height Heightin buttons in paper
clipsMr. Short 4 6Mr. Tall 10 X
Mr. Short 4 10Mr. Tall 12 X
(Cramer, Post, & Currier, 1993)
Ideas From PlanningIdeas From Planning These methods differ from the standard cross-
multiply and divide algorithm
(McDougall Littell, 2004)
Ideas From PlanningIdeas From Planning
Students’ solutions to caterpillar problem demonstrated the use of different rates (1:2.5, 2:5, 4:10).
Stage III - Post-Lesson Stage III - Post-Lesson ReflectionReflection
Transcribed debriefing, planning sessions, coded as in stage II
Interviewed teachers and collected concept maps
Gathered artifacts re: continued reflection
Ideas from Post-Lesson Ideas from Post-Lesson ActivitiesActivities
Double number line can summarize methods
Ideas from Post-Lesson Ideas from Post-Lesson ActivitiesActivities
Double number line can summarize methods
Ideas from Post-Lesson Ideas from Post-Lesson ActivitiesActivities
Double number line can summarize methods
`
Implications for Professional Implications for Professional DevelopmentDevelopment
Organize in “sandwich” configurations Draw on materials that specify important
mathematical ideas Consult with “knowledgeable others” Actively engage teachers in mathematics Compare adult and student thinking
Implications for ResearchImplications for Research
More research to clearly define mathematical concepts (borrowing from other countries)
Collect/use student work (pre-post) as window into teacher thinking
Collect/ use reflection tools like concept maps or journals