The SAN Code

Context: An African tribe issues to code ethics for researches it’s an opportunity

again to question colonial roots of anthropology.

Anthropologists study different societies by becoming a member in that

society called participant observation through this method they will know

the fundamental studies, modes and interactions that define human kind.

But the people from whom they are taking the knowledge are suffering this

is because of ill treatment given to them by the researchers.

One of the most studied tribes of Africa are San tribes these gave full

guidelines for the researchers.

Code of Ethics.

They should know about what the researchers are observing and writing.

This happened because, San tribes welcome researchers but they referred

to these tribes as bushmen (derogatory colonial turn)

Researchers have to consult the tribe leaders and tribe members if they

were used for genome research project.

Reason for code of Ethics.

Even injustice.

Objectifying other human beings.

Though this San code of ethics does not have any legal force, it provides an

opportunity for tribes to address what are and what researchers were

unable to do for decodes.

CCTNS digital police portal launched to last track criminal justice

system in the country.

Context: Crime continuous to grow by using technology police investigation

across states faces tough challenges to bring criminals to be punished.

So digital police portal launched by government of India as part of crime

and criminal tracking network and system (CCTNS) which will help police to

track criminals fast but also give a platform for victims to redress online.

How it works?

It provides investigations complete record history of criminal anywhere

across the country.

It has advanced search engine to give reports.

For CBI, IB, ED, NIA digital police portal provides database of crime and

criminals.

Vehicle numbers are also will be registered.

Advantages:

Citizen – Friendly

The citizen can file an FIR through online by avoiding traditional methods.

Computerization of crime records.

All records by avoiding heavy paper work can be turned into paperless and

can be available at anytime and anywhere.

Interlinking of police stations

All police stations will be interlinked to track their crime record states

under common application software for investigation, policy making , and

providing citizen services.

Easier process to police:

It is interlinked with other justice system:

Courts, prisons, prosecution, forensics, finger prints and juvenile homes to

receive data it is operated by Supreme Court judge. It is one stop for all

solutions.

Disadvantages:

The behavioral change to shift from traditional methods to new technology

takes long time.

Awareness among people to track online and register online will be

challenging to rural masses.

Lack of e-literacy/digital literacy in people.

Integrating police stations may overlap the work process.

Lack of privacy issues by providing mobile number, name and relative

number it means police persons involving in personal matters.

Way forward:

Awareness has to be given through newspapers.

Police personnel have to be given training and demo for using technology.

People should adapt to new technology. This service should also provide

through a mobile app which will be used by youth as youth face many

security challenges.

State government should take forward step on it to implement.

So far 13 states and UTs have launched CCTNS.

Rashtriya Sanskriti Mahotsav

It is to showcase rich cultural heritage of country in varied areas.

Like Handicrafts, cuisine, painting, photography, arts-folks, tribal etc.

Significance of this Mahotsav.

To re-connect youth with indigenous culture historical importance.

To celebrate India s unity in diversity.

It gives opportunity to many artists to perform their skill in arts.

As handloom is involved it gives a revive to handloom sector.

Book stalls of Sahitya Academy to rejuvenate and imbibe knowledge with

books.

There will be special performance of music, dance of traditional Indian

culture to revive classical culture.

Book exhibition portraits varied language poet s poetry.

Street plays of Swacchta in Mahotsav gives motivation for Swachtha.

This is organizing by Ministry of Culture –Ek Bharat – Shresht Bharat.

So far 5 Mahotsavs has been conducted in Delhi, Varanasi, Bengaluru, NE

state capitals.

Now on 7th

October it is in Ahmedabad world heritage city recognized by

UNESCO.

Towards an Ideal GST Regime

What are challenges.

Working on GSTN is difficult.

Tax payers are difficult in registering.

Returns for each and every pay is challenge.

It is highly technology driven.

What is working of GST in 3 months.

It is not single but good Tax.

We shouldn t do everything all at once as Indian economy is complex.

Trading system not involved in computerized.

Already they warned these challenges then.

Why government did not recognized?

GST and portal collapsing on pressure people who involved in did not warn

this.

Failed to rollout which is predicted.

Small traders were not on board, does he know about computerization.

Few do not even have working capital.

Attaching more Taxes made complicated?

We have multiple slabs compared to other countries may be in time rates

will rationalized.

Indian is more taxed economy.

We are top most taxed nation.

It will take 3-5 years to be accommodating into GST.

This decision would have taken later?

Do it steps.

We ended complicated rate structure.

So this is right decision but has to be implemented in steps.

Are there too many issues?

They went ahead without full knowledge of Indian market.

Design a system which is ethical.

They could have consulted traders.

Give time to get easier way.

Conclusion

GSTN should work effectively.

No field for digital signatures, they should work on this in long run it is a

good move.

Context: Union Ministry of Science and Technology is participating in the

collaboration of 2 years of Science and Technology cooperation between India

and South Africa.

Science and Technology cooperation between India and South Africa:

India and South Africa have a long history of partnership.

Technology cooperation has been an essential ingredient in India s

development cooperation with African countries since mid-1960s. When

Indian technical and economic cooperation (ITCC) programme was

launched.

ITEC: It was formulated with the intention of providing technical assistance

to partner countries by focusing on man power development.

The square Kilometer Array (SKA) projects under developed in Australia,

Newzeland and South Africa.

The SKA is a global project with twelve member countries.

India is a member state where national center for Radio Astro physics,

affiliated to the development of atomic energy government of India is the

stake holder.

India is involved in several design work packages of SKA.

Such technological developments area supported by bilateral research

initiative of department of Science and Technology of both the nations.

The SKA project will provide India astronomy communication direct access

to one of he best experimental radio-astronomic facility in the world.

The project will accelerate technological

1) growth of antenna

2) Low noise electronics

3) Analogue Signal processing

4) Digital signal processing.

5) High speed computing

6) Massive data storage.

7) Mining

8) Image processing

9) Large software systems etc. in India.

Such projects present great opportunities to Indian scientific community to

showcase our technological and scientific capabilities on the global stage.

Context: The detection of Gravitational waves.

Gravitational waves:

Introduction:

Recently scientists announced the first direct of gravitational waves-ripples

in the fabric of space time.

Whose existence was first proposed by Albert Einstein in 1916?

The recently up graded large interferometer gravitational wave observatory

(LIGO) captured the signal.

What are Gravitational waves?

Gravitational waves are distortions or ripples in the fabric of space time.

These are caused by some of the most violent and energetic process in the

universe.

Einstein Mathematics showed that massive accelerating objects(such as

neutron stars or black holes orbiting each other) would disrupt space time

in such a way that waves of distort space would radiate from the source.

Furthermore these ripples would travel at the speed of lights. Through the

universe carrying with them information about their cataclysmic origins.

And invaluable clues to the nature of gravity itself.

How these waves are created?

The strongest gravitational waves are produced by catastrophic events such

as

1) Colliding black holes.

2) Collapse of stellar cores (Supernova).

3) Coalescing neutron stars or white dwarf stars.

4) Slightly wobbly rotation of neutron stars that are not perfect spheres.

5) The remnants of gravitational radiation created by the birth of the universe

itself.

Importance of Studying?

Historically, Scientists have relied primarily on observations with

electromagnetic radiation to learn about and understand objects and

phenomena in the radiation.

They are completely different phenomena, carrying information about

cosmic objects and events that is not carried by electromagnetic radiation.

Since gravitational waves don t interact with matter (unlike electric

magnetic radiation) they travel through the universe completely

unimpeded.

It gives us a crystal clear view of the gravitational wave universe.

They will carry information about their origin that is free of the distortion or

alteration suffered by electromagnetic radiations.

Gravitational waves will truly open a new window on the universe providing

astronomer and other scientist with their first glimpses of previously

unseen and useable wonder.

Wind power

Context: While the drop in wind power tariff may see like a great positive it is

likely to the more harm them good to the section.

Wind Energy:

Winds are caused by the heating of the atmosphere by the sun, the

regulates of the surface and radiation of the earth,.

Wing turbines convert the Kinetic Energy in the wind into mechanical

power. This mechanical power can be used for specific tasks (grinding or

pumping water) or a generator an convert this mechanical power into

electricity.

Advantages of Wind and generated Electricity

a) Renewable No-Polluting resource.

Wind Energy is free, renewable resource, so no matter how much we use,

there will be still the same supply in future.

Wind energy is also clean, non-pulling electricity and does not emit any air

pollutions or greenhouse gases.

b) Low Operating Expenses:

Once the wind turbines are installed there is no fuel to purchase and hence

minimal operating expenses.

Disadvantages:

a) High Initial Investment:

Wind power technology requires higher initial investment than fossil fuel

generation.

b) Environmental concerns

Though wind power is clean and non-polluting it generates huge noise and

kills birds and bats.

Challenges

a) Intemittent:

Wind does not blow continuously and all winds can be harassed to meet

the timing of electricity demands wind cannot be stored.

b) Remote locations:

Generally good wind sites are located in remote locations far from areas of

electric power demand hence transporting the energy generated becomes

very difficult.

Way forward:

India with a long coast line has huge potential of generating wind energy.

Therefore government should give enough thrust in setting up of wind

turbines in suitable location to generate clean energy and reduce pollution.

Phad Paintings

Context: Portable temples and other stories, traditional Phad Paintings from

Rajasthan’s Bhilwara are on display an exhibition in the capital.

What is Phad Painting?

Phad Painting is the religious style of fold paintings which are practiced in

Rajasthan.

These painting are done on a long piece of cloths or canvas known as phad.

The narration like Pabuji and Dev Narayan are depicted on the Phads

(length of 15 feet and 30 feet paintings) ex. Pabuji ki Phad, Dev Narayan ki

Phad.

Traditional Families Indulge

The Joshi families of Bhiwara, Shanpura in Bhilwara district of Rajasthan are

widely known as tradition artists of fold art paintings.

Joshi families are mostly noted for Phad paintings and are known for their

innovations and creativity.

How to make Phad?

A long piece of hand spans and hand woven cloth.

All khadi or Rejo cloth is starched with rice or wheat flour.

Cloth is them rubbed with a moon stone to impart stiffness and a luminous

glow.

How to make Pigments used in Phad Painting?

Pigment is grounded by hand and is mixed with water and gum.

Selected colors are used in making of Phad Painting and they are naturally

made.

Light yellow- It is made from yellow orpiment.

It is used to sketch all figures and structures.

Orange or Saffron- It is used to paint faces and flesh is made by mining or

Sindur with some yellow powder.

Green- It is made from verdons (Jangal), acetate of copper.

It us used to sketch the villains.

Red – It is produced from vermilion (Highlevel) by mercury sulfids.

Main characters are painted with thin color.

Black – It is made by burning coconut shells or by collecting lamblack from

burning edible oil.

It is use to outline the details of all figures.

It is used for making maps.

Making of Phad Painting?

The Painting begins with the ritual of offering a coconut to lord Saraswati.

The first stroke of brush is always made by a virgin girl belonging either to

the painter family or to a higher caste.

Then the painter divides the entire scroll into number of section and sub-

sections.

Then a rough sketch is been prepare of the painting with the yellow color.

Then the painter fills all the other color on the other part of the painting.

The subtle black give the final touch as it gives a forceful linear expressions

and gibes the painting lively look.

And at least the painter signs in the central part of the scroll where the

figure of Dev naryan or Pabuji is painted.

And lastly he writes his name and data and end up by the mailing of

Painting.

Mission to rice to conserve indigenous seeds

Context: The Kerala state under Kukumbasree mission is gearing up to script

another success story by conserving traditional rice seed.

How mission rice will be helpful?

1) The project envisages conserving and propagating seven vanishing

indigenous rice seeds.

2) By following the organic method of cultivation and applying the bio slurry

pellet method to sow seeds.

3) The project has been executed through joint liability groups (JLG).

4) Nutrients will be added to enhance the soil ability of soil microbes to

destroy contaminants.

5) It would help in developing community networks among farmers with the

central themes of poverty eradication and women empowerment.

Bio slurry method:

1) Bio slurry is the controlled treatment of excavated soil in an enclosed

vessel.

2) The vessel is designed to control temperature nutrients mixing addition to

achieve maximum efficiency.

Context: First meeting of the India-Australia joint steering committee.

India-Australia to enhance relations:

The India-Australia joint steering committee discussed the ways to enhance

cooperation in

a) Tackling terrorism.

b) Radicalization and cybercrimes.

MOU on tackling terror:

Two countries are signed on MOU on cooperation in combating

international terrorism and transnational organized crime exchanged

between the two sides.

Issues related to

1) Human trafficking

2) People smuggling

3) Combating illegal drug trafficking

And sharing information between law enforcement agencies was also

discussed.

Joint Steering Committee (ISC)

ISC was created based on a mutual commitment of the government of two

nations or organizations

This committee that sets agendas and schedules of business, as for a

legislative body or other assemblage.

Intelligent transport System

Context: NITI Aayog forms panel for intelligent transport.

What is intelligent transport system? (ITS)

It is an advanced application which aims to provide innovative services

relating different modes of transport and traffic management.

By applying this method it will be more safer, more coordinated and

smarter use of transport network.

What is in the News:

NITI Aayog has national level committee to develop a road map for

implementation of the ITS policy.

NITI Aayog stated that, the ITS policy will aim to reduce urban traffic

congestion, improve parking for vehicles in cities, road safety and security

of passengers and goods traffic.

How it works?

ITS vary in technologies applied, from basic management systems such as

car navigation, traffic signal control, variable message signs on roads,

automatic number plate recognition, speed cameras (CCTV) to advanced

applications like integral live data and feedback such as weather

information, parking guidance and information systems etc.

ITS is the integrated applications of advanced technologies using

electronics, computers, communications and advance censors.

What is the need of ITS:

It will solve the social problems like accidents, confusions caused by road.

It will help to reach an advanced information and Tele-communication

society which leads to achieve the targets of digital India.

It will co-ordinate different transport modes.

It will help on solving road transport problems.

Benefits of ITS:

By the use of ITS, it helps in time saving.

Reduces crashes and accidents.

It reduces the infrastructure damage.

It helps in improving traffic safety and traffic control.

It helps in easy parking management.

Challenges:

Lack of adequate research and technology.

Proper planning of cost effectiveness is a global challenge.

ITS uses lot of data, removing the raw data so that the useful data is used is

often challenge in many developing countries.

First Fix the Banks

The trend of the GDP growth id from a peak of 9.2% in Jan-Mar 2016, GDP

growth has fallen every successive quarter.

7.9% - 7.5% - 7% (Oct-Dec 2016) – 6.61% (Jan-Mar 2017) – 5.7% (Apr-Jun

2017).

It is expected that the GDP growth rate will fall in the next two quarters

also due to significant frictional costs imposed by GST.

What is the root cause?

It is being argued that to revive growth the government needs to increase

its spending to push growth to a higher trajectory. But it is not the solution.

The actual cause is the bad position of banks.

Impacts of Banks on Economy

Any entrepreneur after getting on under borrows working capital from

banks and repays after completing the deal/project.

With severe constraints on finance from banks, all business is hit.

Reason for increasing NPAs of Banks

After global financial crisis of 2008, large corporates conceived major

proposals in capital intensive sectors such as power, ports, airports,

housing and highway construction.

Banks were keen to lend without sufficient evaluation of risks and returns.

Things get worsened with the policy paralysis brought by spectrum and coal

mining scandals.

Soon, most projects got struck, especially in power and highways and banks

found their loans becoming NPAs.

Hence all banks curtailed loans and advances.

Effects of NPAs on industry (MSMEs)

The heavy industries who defaulted have got away and now repurchasing

their bankrupt business at lower prices.

Small and medium business who account for bulk of employment could not

get working capital from banks.

Solution:

Force the banks to take haircuts.

Identify good banks and infuse funds from World Bank.

Recapitalize the Banks by putting the shares in public often.

Context: Supreme Court asked the government that why can’t

hangings as a meant of causing death to condemned prisoners stop.

Capital Punishment

Capital punishment also called as death penalty is the execution of an

offender sentenced to death conviction by a court law.

The debate on whether to abolish the death penalty or not has been

ranging in India and in several other countries for decades.

This issue involves human rights social justice legal justice, right to live,

social deferrent, ethics and morality.

The state s authority is both questioned and established after the execution

of a punishment.

Arguments for Capital Punishment:

Together punishment acts as a deterrent for others to commit the same.

Crime was are witnessing horrific attacks on women, young girls and boys

continue even 70 years after India s independence this cannot be

addressed by simple punishments.

Retributions: Supporters believe people who commit murder have taken the life

of another have fortified their own right of life.

Drain on public finances: Maintaining a secure prison system for high risk violent

offenders act as drain on government resources.

It is the responsibility to the state to protect the interest of the society and

reiterate the society s faith in system of justice.

Will of the Citizesn:

In many countries with capital punishment a vast majority of citizens are in

favor of retaining capital punishment.

Ex. The Delhi rape incident of Dec 2012 founded that nearly 7-% of Indians

favored the continuance of capital punishment.

Status in Different countries and international positions:

Around the world, 58 countries still practice awarding the capital

punishment.

103 countries do not award punishment for any crime that is total

abolition.

According to reports of Amnesty international China, Iraq, Saudi Arabia and

Iran have awarded highest number of death penalties in the recent years.

In Europe the death sentence has been almost abolished completely except

the republic of Belarus retaining it.

Legal position in India:

Supreme Court of India in Bachan singh Vs state of Punjab case held that

death penalty shall be awarded in rarest of the rare cases alone.

In 2015, India s law commission submitted a report calling for abolition of

the death penalty for all but terrorism related offence and waging war

against the state.

In November 2012. India up held it stance on capital punishment by voting

against the UN general assembly draft resolution seeking to end the

institution of capital punishment globally.

Arguments against Capital Punishment:

Under Article 21, every person has the right to life which has been

guaranteed by the constitution.

Crime is as much about social failures as individual responsibility by capital

punishment society is ignoring its role in crime perpetration and simplifying

crime prevention.

Judicial system is not properly geared to identify rarest of rare cases and

most of the cased are being acquitted at appeal process.

Weaker and marginalized sections are succumbed to these punishments in

most cases broken legal aid system use of torture etc. can cause

administering of death penalty in an unfair manner.

In 2016 national law university released its death penalty research project

found that a dis proportionate percentage of the convicts (80%) were poor,

back ward castes or from the minorities and their inability to negotiate the

justice system.

Objectives of justice shall be to reform not to reattribute.

State connect take away Sanctity of life.

There is no empirical evidence to prove that tough punishment will reduce

crime in society.

Across the world countries are miring away from death penalty and India

stands out of it continues.

India may not be able to forge criminal exchange agreements due to death

penalty in its law

As death sentence is in evocable an innocent person can also be wrongly

executed.

Death sentence violate international human rights laws.

Challenges:

The ambiguousness in the application of rarest of the rare criteria is an

serious concern.

Law commission report said death penalty was arbitrarily imposed and

disproportionately used against socially and economically marginalized

people.

It reflects structural concerns which dis empowers the marginalized.

Alienation experienced by prisoners through lack of awareness of

proceeding increased as cases rise in the appellate system.

Way forward:

Law commission in its 202nd

report submitted recently recommended the

abolition of capital punishment for all crimes expect the crime of waging

war the nation or terrorism related offences as the law commission said

that it is the not right time of abolition experiment the issue needs to be

debated and research in more detail.

But capital punishment should not become a pent up of society misplaced

anger and sense of judgment.

India-Bhutan relations

Bhutan on Druk yul (Land of thunder dragon) is mostly dependent on India,

its Southern neighbor, with which it has greater geographical and socio

cultural proximity.

The treaty of Puakha with Bhutan signed by British in 1910 laid the

foundation of the Indo Bhutan relationship.

India has been friend of Bhutan since the independence. It was India who

supported Bhutan s admission in the United Nations.

About Bhutan:

Bhutan was isolated from the rest of the world due to its geographical

situation; It opened up to the world recently.

Its closed socio-cultural structure is the reason for it s under development

and Isolation.

It is a member of UN since 1971 and is founding member of SAARC. It is also

a member of BIMSTEC. World Bank IMF.

Indo-Bhutan friendship treaty:

India and Bhutan signed the treaty of peace and friendship in 1949, in

Darjeeling.

It has been the guiding document for bilateral relations since its inception.

The treaty was revised in 2007, which clarifies Bhutan as an independent

and sovereign nation. It gives Bhutan freedom for improving arms on its

own.

The treaty provides for perpetual pace and friendship, free trade and

commerce and equal justice to each other s citizen.

Bhutan was the first country visited by PM Modi in 2014. He coined the

idea of B2B as Bharat to Bhutan for building effective and renewed

bilateral relationship.

Trade and commerce:

The economy of Bhutan depends greatly on hydro power exports. Its per

capita income is the second highest in SAARC after Maldives.

India continues to be the largest trade and development partner of Bhutan,

India has been extending financial support to Bhutan s FYPs.

India has been assisting in many major projects in Bhutan in the field of

hydroelectricity, cement plants, Airports, highways etc.

A free trade regime exists between India and Bhutan as per India-Bhutan

trade and transit agreement there is no duty for Bhutan s exports to third

countries.

Hydro electricity

Hydroelectric power generated by Bhutan run of the river dams is the

economic bedrock of the India-Bhutan relationship.

A recurrent balance of payments crisis due to expenditure on purchase of

material from India for the constitution and maintenance of dams has

impacted Bhutan s economy as rupees flow out at a much faster rate than

are brought in.

The enteral debt was 112% of its GDP with the rupee debt accounting for

75% the debt accrued by loans for hydropower dams accounted for86%.

Bhutan fears a possible slump in sale of electricity due to downward

demand in India and low industrial demand.

Educational and cultural cooperation;

Government of India scholarship are granted to Bhutan student at under

graduate and post graduate levels every year in India institutions of higher

learning.

India-Bhutan Foundation (IBF)

Established in 2003, IBF focuses on education, cultural exchanges and

environment preservation initiative by India and Bhutan for effective

bilateral cultural relationship.

India also helps Bhutan from its election laws, parliamentary traditions and

administrative culture by sending experts and high profile officials to

Bhutan.

Gross National Happiness

It is a holistic and sustainable approach to development, which balances

material and non-material values with the conviction that humans want to

search for Happiness.

It introduced the concept of Gross National Happiness instead of Gross

Domestic Product.

Bhutan is the only country in the World which is fully organic.

Challenges in Indo-Bhutan relations:

Bhutan is no move a subservient region to India and not guided by the aid

and advice of India . It is now entering the larger world by having

engagement with world beyond India and trying to reduce dependence on

India.

Both India and Bhutan have move engagement with China today than

before. Pro Chinese views are now up against the Article 2 of the Indo-

Bhutan friendship treaty, which declares that India would not interfere in

Bhutan s administrative affairs.

India-Bhutan ties

India-Bhutan relations are diplomatic, people to people and political in

nature, the visit to Bhutan is required to remove by misunderstandings.

Bhutan needs to relook/reinvent its strategy towards Bhutan.

The thorny issues of demonetization and GST have impacted Bhutan (and

Nepal) as rupee is a valid currency in these countries.

To compensate the financial deficit, India should reimburse Bhutan.

India should take necessary steps to reduce the trade deficit with Bhutan

and relook power cooperation.

Though Bhutan does not have any diplomatic relations with China, China

may try to assert its supremacy once again in Bhutan.

Though, Bhutan is the closest ally of India in the recent past there is a slight

trust deficit in the relations.

Beti Bachao Beti Padao (BBBP) Jan, 2015

Context: Sex ration at birth up in most Beti Bachao Beti Padao districts.

Why scheme on Girl child, BBBP initiated?

1) Problems of Girl child in India.

Pre-birth infancy/adolescence state – family members cause female

infanticide (killing babies) (sex selective abortion).

2) Reproductive Age/stage:

Intimate partners

Violence in pregnancy.

Differential access to food/medical care

Psychological abuse

Physical violence

Sexual violence

Family members:

Physical violence by family members.

Coerced sex/rape

Psychological abuse by family

Dowry deaths/honor killings.

Others:

Rape/harassment

Acid throwing

Forced prostitution

Trafficking for sex

Violence

3) Elderly stage:

Others abuse widows/elder abuse

BBBP initiated because of child sex ratio decline (0-6 years) due to neglect

of girl child, female infanticide, female feticide, abortion of female fetus

outside of legal methods.

BBBP Aim:

To generate awareness and improve efficiency of delivery of welfare

services meant for women.

Joint initiative of ministers of women and child development, health and

but WCD is nodal agency i.e. administration department implement.

Objectives:

1) Overall goal to celebrate the girl child and enable her education.

2) Prevent gender biased sex selective elimination.

3) Ensure survival of protection of the girl child

4) Ensure education of the girl child.

Due to decline in child sex ratio (0-6 years national average -919 in 2011)

from 927 in 2001.

100 districts identified on basis of low child sex ratio as per census 2011.

3 criteria for selection of districts:

1) Districts below national average are (87 districts / 23 states/0

2) Districts above national average but decline (8 districts/8 states)

3) Districts above national average but increasing (5 districts/5 states)

3 point selected due to these CSR levels can be maintained and other

districts can emulate and learn from their experiences.

Strategies or Advantages:

1) Implement a sustained social mobilization and communication campaign to

create equal value for girl child and promote her education.

2) Focus on gender critical districts and cities low on CSR for intensive and

integrated action.

3) Mobilise and train Panchayati Raj institutions / urban local bodies/grass

root, workers as catalysts for social change.

4) Ensure service delivery structure /schemes are sufficiently responsive to

issue of gender and child rights.

Implementation:

1) National task force for BBBP leaded by secretary WCD.

2) States shall form a state task force (STF)

3) District task force led by DC/Deputy Commissioner

4) A block level committee set up under sub divisional magistrate/officer/bloc

develops officer.

5) At gram panchayat level respective panchayat samiti /ward samiti.

6) At village level – village health sanitation and nutrition committees.

Scheme Challenges:

Scheme failed in some districts like Haryana, Punjab etc. due lack of policy

implementation, diversion of funds and failure of monitoring mechanism

are some of the causes.

Way forward:

Indians worship many Goddess in the name of faith on religion, but a large

group of girls/women faces many challenges in their day to day due to

being uneducated, no financial stability etc.

This BBBP initiative fixes lacking number for girl child ratio also to educate

and provide them the opportunities to explore great heights for a better

tomorrow.