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In the 2011 flood disaster, the Wireless Mesh Network was able to capture the increased water level
at that period and broadcast the pictures to the public on website, with a record of almost 300,000 views in
a day. That was a proof of great achievement and indicated its vital role in providing real-time information,
which is necessary for decision-making in emergency situations.
At present, Office of The National Water and Flood Management Policy, the National Disaster Warning Center,
other public and private organizations, as well as the general public have been using this Wireless
Mesh Network of the Royal Irrigation Department for disaster monitoring and warning through real-time
video camera system. This is truly effective utilization of technologies.
The Royal Irrigation Department’s Seismic Stations
The Royal Irrigation Department has not only prepared for handling of water disasters or for relief
of floods and droughts, but also braced for future risk of earthquakes, which happens more frequently
in many parts of the world. The phenomenon raises a question on which level of earthquake that Thailand
is being at risk.
The Royal Irrigation Department is one among several organizations that has installed seismic measuring
devices on different purposes. The devices are used for tracking earthquake data each time it happens,
and using the data to calculate for seismic size and coefficient directed at the dam. If seismic coefficient
exceeds acceptable level of the dam, the department shall look for measures to prevent the dam from
earthquake disasters.
Currently, there are 13 active faults in Thailand, including Mae Chan Fault in Chiang Rai Province,
Mae Hong Son Fault in Mae Hong Son Province, Mae Tha Fault in Lamphun – Chiang Mai provinces,
Phayao Fault in Phayao Province, Thoen Fault in Lampang – Phrae provinces, Pua Fault in Nan Province,
Uttaradit Fault in Uttaradit Province, Moei Fault in Tak – Kamphaeng Phet provinces, Sri Sawat Fault in
Kanchanaburi – Suphan Buri provinces, the Three Pagodas Fault in Kanchanaburi Province, Tha Khek Fault
in Nakhon Phanom – Nong Khai provinces, Ranong Fault in Ranong Province, and Khlong Marui Fault in
Krabi – Surat Thani provinces.
The Royal Irrigation Department’s Office of Engineering Topographical and Geotechnical Survey has
already finished construction of 23 seismic stations, along with 25 installed seismographs. The operation is
organized into five seismic networks, covering areas surrounding medium-scale and large-scale dams of the
Royal Irrigation Department, by giving main priority to the dams located on active faults. They are :
Kaeng Sua Ten Seismic Network, covering areas surrounding Kaeng Sua Ten Dam, in Song District,
Phrae Province. The network consists of five seismic stations: the first and second stations are located at headwork
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of the dam, with accelerograph and tri-axial seismograph being installed.(ETNA and MYOM Stations)
At Doi Kiew Kaew Review Signal Station of the Telephone Organization of Thailand, in Chun District,
Phrae Province, the site was equipped with uniaxial seismograph. (KAEW Station) At Doi Mon Talai Non Review
Signal Station in Ngao District, Lampang Province, the uniaxial seismograph was installed. (MONT Station)
At Khao Ban Huai Tuem Review Signal Station in Ban Luang District, Nan Province, uniaxial seismograph
was installed. (HTUM Station).
Khwae Noi Dam Seismic Network, covering areas surrounding Khwae Noi Dam in Wat Bot District,
Phitsanulok Province. The network consists of five seismic stations. Station 1 and 2 at the headwork of
Kwae Noi Dam, they are equipped with accelerograph and tri-axial seismograph (KNOI and KKWN Stations).
At Khlong Khang Nai Reservoir Station in Khiri Mat District, Sukhothai Province, a uniaxial seismograph
was installed (KKKN Station). At Khlong Tron Reservoir Station in Nam Pad District, Uttaradit Province,
a uniaxial seismograph was installed (KKTN Station). Also, at Nam Khamun Hydro Power Station in Nakhon Thai
District, Phitsanulok Province, a uniaxial seismograph was installed (KNKM Station).
Tha Sae Dam Seismic Network, covering areas surrounding Tha Sae Dam in Tha Sae District, Chumphon
Province. The network consists of five seismic stations. Station 1 and 2 are located near Kuring Tambon
Administration Organization, Tha Sae District, Chumphon Province. The two stations are equipped with
accelerograph (TSKA Station) and tri-axial seismograph (TSKT Stations). Meanwhile, uniaxial seismographs
are installed at Khlong Ja Kra Reservoir Station in Tap Sakae District, Prachuap Khiri Khan Province (TSJK Station),
Lam Chu Weir Operation and Maintenance Station in Bang Saphan Noi District, Prachuap Khiri Khan Province
(KKTN Station), and at Pak Chan Self-help Land in Kra Buri District, Ranong Province (KNKM Station).
Mae Suai Dam Seismic Network, covering areas surrounding Mae Suai Dam in Mae Suai District, Chiang Rai
Province. The network consists of four seismic stations, which include Mae Suai Dam Headwork Station
in Mae Suai District, Chiang Rai Province, where accelerograph and tri-axial seismograph were installed
(MSAC and MSMS Station); Mae Tak Reservoir Station in Wiang Chai District, Chiang Rai Province,
where uniaxial seismograph was installed (MSMT Station); Mae Talob Luang Reservoir Station in
Chaiprakarn District, Chiang Mai Province where uniaxial seismograph was installed (MSTL Station);
and Mae Kuang Dam Station in Doi Saket District, Chiang Mai Province, where uniaxial seismograph was also
installed (MSMK Station).
Mae Wong Dam Seismic Network, covering areas surrounding Mae Wong Dam in Mae Wong District,
Nakhon Sawan Province. The network consists of four seismic stations. One of them is Tap Salao Dam Station
in Lan Sak District, Uthai Thani Province where accelerograph and tri-axial seismograph were installed
(MWAC and MWTL Station). Meanwhile, uniaxial seismographs were installed at Huai Khun Kaew Reservoir
Station in Huai Khot District, Uthai Thani Province (MWHK Station), Khlong Nam Lai Reservoir Station in
Khlong Lan District, Kamphaeng Phet Province (MWKL Station), and at Uthai Thani Provincial Irrigation Station
in Muang District, Uthai Thani Province (MWRID Station).
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Mae Hong Son
Chiang Mai
Chiang Rai
LamphunLampang
Phayao Nan
Phrae
Sukhothai
Uttaradit
Phitsanulok
Kamphaeng Phet Phichit
LoeiNong Khai
Bueng Kan
Sakon Nakhon
Kalasin Mukdahan
Roi Et
Yasothon
Si Sa KetSurinBuri Ram
Nakhon RatchasimaLop Buri
Sing BuriAng Thong
SaraburiPhra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya
Nakhon SawanUthai Thani
Chai Nat
Kanchanaburi
Suphan Buri
BangkokChachoengsao
Chon Buri
Samut Prakan
Chumphon
Ranong
Surat Thani
Nakhon Si ThammaratKrabi
Trang Phatthalung
SongkhlaSatun Pattani
NarathiwatYala
Phuket
Phetchaburi
Ratchaburi
Samut SakhonSamut Songkhram
Rayong Chanthaburi
Trat
Royal Irrigation Department’s Seismic Network Areas Map
Sa Kaeo
Nakhon NayokPrachin Buri
Pathum Thani
Ubon Ratchathani
Amnat CharoenMaha Sarakham
Khon Kaen
ChaiyaphumPhetchabun
Nakhon PhanomUdon Thani
Nong Bua Lam PhuTak
Nonthaburi
Prachuap Khiri Khan
Kaeng Sua Ten Seismic Network, Song District, Phrae Province
Active Faults in Thailand
Khwae Noi Dam Seismic Network, Wat Bot District, Phitsanulok ProvinceTha Sae Dam Seismic Network, Tha Sae District, Chumphon ProvinceMae Saruay Dam Seismic Network, Mae Saruay District, Chiang Rai ProvinceMae Wong Dam Seismic Network, Mae Wong District, Nakhon Sawan ProvinceLam Pao Dam Seismic Network, Muang District, Kalasin ProvinceKhlong Lam Ru Yai Dam Seismic Network, Thai Muang District, Phang Nga Province
Khlong Marui Fault
Ranong Fault
The Three Pagodas Fault
Sri Sawat Fault
Moey Fault
Mae Hong Son Fault
Mae Chan Fault
Pua Fault
Tha Khek FaultUttaradit Fault
Phayao Fault
Thoen Fault
Mae Tha Fault
Phangnga
Nakhon Pathom
In 2013, the Royal Irrigation Department was given budget for installation of two more seismic station
networks, including areas surrounding Lam Pao Dam in Muang District, Kalasin Province and areas
surrounding Khlong Lam Ru Yai Dam in Thai Muang District, Phang Nga Province. The networks involve
installation of seismographs as in Mae Suai Dam and Mae Wong Dam Seismic Networks, to cover active
fault areas that may have impacts on medium-scale and large-scale dams all over the country. With all the
projects, Thailand will have altogether seven seismic measuring networks, with 35 seismic stations by the end
of fiscal year 2013.
Each station is also equipped with real-time seismic data telegraphic system via satellite and long-distance
calling systems for transmission of data to central receiver and quick analysis of each earthquake situation.
All these measures came through strong determination and devotion to work of the Royal Irrigation Department,
and it is the reason why the department has become the only one organization in all hearts when people are
recalling their endless efforts in water disaster relief and management , as it has been witnessed for 111 years.