The role of nanotechnology in the development of

hi-tech economy

Dr. Munir H. Nayfeh

Professor, Department of Physics, University of Illinois

President, NanoSi Advanced Technologies, Inc., Research park, Champaign, IL

Parasat-Nanosi LLC, Astana, Kazakhstan

Presented at the NewTurkey conference Ankara, Turkey,

October 3, 2016

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Sweet spots in Si cluster size

A family of magic sizes of hydrogenated Si nanoparticles

No magic sizes > 20 atoms for non-hydrogenated clusters

G. Belomoin, J. Therrien, A. Smith, S. Rao, S. Chaieb, M. H. Nayfeh, Appl. Phys. Lett. 80, 841 (2002)

1 nm

10A

Blue

1.67 nm

Green

2.15 nm

Yellow

2.9 nm

Red

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Silicon Platform Technology • Electronics: Flash Nano memory

• Photonics: Micro Lasers, UV Photodetectors

• Energy Harvest & Lighting: solar cells, Nano phosphor LED, Supercapacitors

• Catalyst, Fuel Cells

• Substance Sensors (glucose and Dopamine)

• Biomedical fluorescent tags

• Cosmetics, skincare, and hair care

• Nano high tech paint: monitoring & protecting the health of large military and civil structures

• Integration in the silicon industry

• Green Technology: Least toxic, most

biocompatible for consumer application

Wintek

Sharp

Panasonic

PolyBrite

Samsung

L'Oreal

KACST

ARAMCO

SHTP

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Twenty Three US Patent Applications

• 20 US issued

• 03 US pending

• 2 Foreign issued

Intellectual Property Rights

20 03

1 patent (pending) with Dr. Laila Abuhassan, Jordan

1 patent (pending) with Dr. Hanan Malkawi, Jordan 3 patents (issued) with Zain Yamani, KFUPM, Saudi Arabia

2 patents (pending) with Dr. Olayan, Ghamdi, Rokayan; Dwayyan & Salhi, KSU, S Arabia

1 patent issued with Drs. M. Alsalhi and T. AlSaud, S. Arabia

1 patent with Dow Chemical

Patent with US Army

1 patent with PolyBrite Lighting

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Enhanced solar cells: Nanotechnology boosts performance of solar cells

Solar cell innovation

Collaboration with KACST and

KSU, Saudi Arabia:

Dr. Turki Al Saud &

Mohammad Al Salhi & Abdulrahman Al Muhanna

We integrated thin films of Si

nanoparticles prepared

ex-situ on polycrystalline

photovoltaic (PV) Si solar cells.

Power efficiency enhanced by

~ 60% in UV and 10 % in the

visible.

Nayfeh, Stuppca, Al Salhi and Al Saud, Patent has been submitted to US office of patents

Stuppca, Alsalhi, AlMuhanna, Al Saud, Nayfeh, APL, 2007

Solid state lighting (Nano & Phosphor)

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0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

400 600 800 1000

Wavelength (nm)

Inte

ns

ity

(a

.u.)

Blue

Green

Red

White

RTV

1) Produce white light with improved CRI index and color

temperature using a mixture phosphors & nanoparticles

Sun white light

2) Phosphor (Blue + Green) + Red nanos

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Nano memory on a super chip With MIT

Metal-oxide-silicon (MOS)

Capacitor memory

Contain uniform 1 nm silicon nano particles

p-Si substrate

Al electrode

Al electrode

tunnel oxide

nanoparticles

top oxide

+/-

Osama Nayfeh, Dimitri Antoniadis, Kevin Mantey, and Munir Nayfeh Appl. Phys. Lett 90, 153105 (2007)

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Biomedical substance sensing: (Glucose and Dopamine)

Amperometric enhanced response-reversible, no poisonening, and stable

The particle electrode is an effective energy-conversion material, suitable for making fuel cells.

The particle is suitable for device miniaturization

The particle surface can be derivatized with a functional molecules allows applications in different substances.

Dopamine Detection

(a)

(b)

Si nanoparticle sensor

Enzyme sensor

Improved Stability and Sensitivity

Gang Wang, Kevin Manty, Munir H.

Nayfeh+ and Siu-Tung Yau, Appl. Phys.

Lett. (2006)

Energy Storage - Supercapacitors ─ Flexible Capacitor Sheets

Q. Liu, M. Nayfeh and S.-T. Yau, Journal of Power Sources, in print

Nano-PANI conducting polymer composite material

Paint material on both sides of

solid electrolyte

Charging/discharging shows nano

adds conductivity to material

Use stack of three sheets to

drive LEDs

Replace battery

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ELECTROLYTE

ACTIVED MATERIAL

Nano technology with capsules

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shell

•Degradable Polymer

•Conducting polymer

•Metal (magnetic, noble)

•Metal oxide Applications

Drug delivery

Infrared source

Imaging (underground, human body)

Hydrogen fuel

Solar energy

Casing

Er for Communications

Er ions and clusters of nanoparticles,

attracted to each other by

polarization forces, first exchange

holes or electrons,

The reduced Er simultaneously reacts

with water to produce erbium

hydroxide.

Nanograin or atomic Er reacts

exothermally with water by

releasing hydrogen,

Dehydrated into Er2O3

when dried.

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Er3+

3h+

Si

Nanoparticle

cluster

Er

Si

Nanoparticle

cluster

ErOH3

Si

Nanoparticle

cluster

+

water

ErOH3

Si

Nanoparticle

cluster ErOH3 ErOH3

ErOH3

ErOH3

ErOH3

ErOH3

Infrared core-shell

With

Ersin Bahceci, Iskandarun University

Noha Elhalawany, NRC, Cairo

Laila Abuhassan, U of Jordan

Mg nano engine for Hydrogen fuel cell

Mg salt get reduced by injecting holes into Si-H

termination, while

simultaneously suffering

combustion with water to produce Mg(OH)2 and

hydrogen: Mg(s) + 2H2O(g) →

Mg(OH)2(aq) + H2(g).

Test reducers: Si particles, Si

grain from waste, silicates,

clay, carbon nano-tubes,

graphene

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With

Dr. Ersin Bahceci, Iskandaron University , Turkey

Noha Elhalawany, NRC, Cairo

Fe for Magnetic imaging

Silicon-iron oxide hybrid nanoparticles

core with optical, luminescence,

and magnetic functionality

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• brown/orange tint of iron oxide

in room-light

• characteristic luminescence of

Si nanoparticles in UV

• cluster size: 100 to 500 nm

• permanent magnet pulls red

luminescent clusters H-Si terminated silicon nanoparticle act

as a reducing and growth element of the

iron ions.

With

Noha Elhalawany, NRC, Cairo

Dmitry Gorin, Saratov State U, Russia

Au for plasmonic/luminescent imaging/treatment

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A wide variety of applications

optical filters, sensing, and

cancer therapy

Integration of gold and silicon at the nanoscale in the form

core-shell architecture

With Adem KOÇYİĞİT, Igdir University , Turkey

Making Plasmonic gold for biomedicine

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We grew gold nanorods from gold ions using Si

nanoparticle seeds which otherwise requires

using two dimensionality defining or controlling

organic templates.

Rods (wires) from nanometers to as long as

millimeters have been grown.

With

Noha Elhalawany, NRC, Cairo

Hakan Ates, Gazi University

Polyaniline for imaging & sniffing (enhanced oil recovery)

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Polymer or Silica

ARAMCO

KFUPM (Zain Yamani) National Research Council, Cairo (N.

Elhalawany)

Cleveland State

University of Illinois