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A joint organisation
of UNEP & SETAC
The Role of Life Cycle
Approaches in Sustainable
Consumption and Production
CES Life Cycle Approaches Module
Guildford, UK
28th November 2013
Llorenç Milà i Canals, UNEP
Overview
The need for Sustainable Consumption and Production
The UNEP/SETAC Life Cycle Initiative, Phase 1 to 3
Hotspot analyses: products – companies – sectors – countries
What’s next?
2
Who we are – UNEP (Life Cycle Secretariat)
Headquarters
Kenya, Nairobi Communications and
Public Information DCPI
Global Environment Fa-
cility Coordination DGEF
Environmental
Conventions DELC
Regional
Cooperation DRC
Technology, Industry
and Economics DTIE
Environmental Policy
Implementation DEPI
Early Warning and
Assessment DEWA
Policy Development
and Law DPDL
3
Sustainable Consumption and
Production
Promote increasing resource efficiency and sustainable lifestyles… DECOUPLING
Influencing and advancing
sustainable consumption and
production patterns
Identifying obstacles &
opportunities
Understanding drivers for
consumption
Improving process, products and services
business
Modernizing infrastructure and policy framework governments
Creating awareness, dialogues and reflection consumer groups
4
SCP is founded on Life Cycle Approaches
5 Life Cycle Approaches
Co
nsu
me
rs
Bu
sin
ess
Go
vern
me
nt
No
t Fo
r P
rofi
t/ IG
O
SCP
Who we are – Life Cycle Initiative
= a public-private partnership (Business, Academic, and
Governments)
to bring science-based life cycle approaches into practice
worldwide
= (access to + (science)
governments
& dissemination)
= Over 2000 individuals collaborating globally
= One stop shop for life cycle approaches
6
Who we are – Life Cycle Initiative
a public private partnership
Vision: A world where life cycle approaches are mainstreamed
Mission: Enable the global use of credible life cycle knowledge for more sustainable societies.
Building the SCIENCE Supporting the DEMAND Building the CAPACITY
Objective 1: Enhance the global
consensus and relevance of existing
and emerging life cycle methodologies and data management
Objective 2: Expand capability
worldwide to apply and to improve life cycle approaches; making them operational for
organisations
Objective 3: Communicate current life cycle knowledge
and be the global voice of the Life Cycle community to influence
and partner with stakeholders
7
What we have achieved
8
Phase 1: Creating a community
• 2002-2007
2002 Launch of the Life Cycle Initiative
2004 Why take a Life Cycle Approach
Publication of the LCIA
midpoint-damage framework Jolliet O. et al Int J LCA. 9(6): 394-404
2005 First international Life Cycle
Assessment conferences in Africa
and Latin America
2006 First edition of the LCA Award for
non OECD countries
2003 Kick off meeting for working
groups
What we have achieved
9
2007
Phase 2: Becoming a stakeholder • 2007-2012
Life Cycle Management:
A Business Guide to Sustainability
2008
2nd edition of the LCA Award for non
OECD countries
Communication of Life Cycle Information in
the Building and Energy Sectors
2009 Guidelines for Social Life Cycle
Assessment of Products
Life Cycle Management
2010
3rd edition of the LCA Award for non OECD
countries
SETAC LCC Code of Practice
USETox Tool
2011 Global Guidance for Life Cycle Assessment
Databases
2012 Towards a Life Cycle Sustainability
Assessment
Greening the Economy through Life Cycle
Thinking
2010
LCC
2010
What we have achieved
10
LCA Networks in 33 countries
(17 in developing countries)
Number of
practitioners identified
Phase 2: Becoming a
stakeholder
• 2007-2012
Phase 1: Creating a community
• 2002-2007
Phase 3 (2013-17): Mission, Vision,
Objectives and Programmes
11
5. Communication & stakeholder outreach
3. Product
sustainability
information
4.
Capabili
ty
Develo
pm
ent
&
imple
menta
tion
2. Data
1. Methodologies
Vision: A world where life cycle approaches are mainstreamed
Mission: Enable the global use of credible life cycle knowledge for more sustainable societies.
Objective 1: Enhance the global
consensus and relevance of existing and
emerging life cycle methodologies and data management
Objective 2: Expand capability worldwide to apply and to improve life cycle approaches;
making them operational for organisations
Objective 3: Be the global voice of the Life Cycle community to influence and partner with stakeholders through broad communication of current life cycle knowledge
Phase 3 Flagship Projects: Urgency &
Relevance
12
a. Global capability
development
a. Communication strategy
b. LC Platform: clearing
house and social media
5. Communication &
stakeholder outreach
4. Capability Development &
implementation
a. Product sustainability
information meta guidance
b. Knowledge mining
a. Global database management
network & training
a. Integrating LCC, S-LCA, E-LCA and
linking with CSR
b. Key environmental LCIA
indicators based on mature
environmental approaches
c. LCA in organizations
1. Methodologies
2. Data
3. Product sustainability information
All projects in bold are flagships
Hotspot analysis: company portfolio
➜ Unilever carried out possibly the first large-scale life cycle
based comprehensive analysis of a big portfolio
➜ Basis to set targets in 2009 + tracking progress
➜ Scientific foundation of Unilever Sustainable Living Plan
13
Some of ’s brands…
14
Applying Life Cycle Analysis: Video Unilever’s Portfolio (hotspot) analysis
15
Environmental Footprint
Waste
Water
GHG
Unilever hotspots: results
16
Greenhouse gas footprint: by product category
Unilever hotspots: results
17
Knowledge Mining from LCA studies
➜ Packaging for Food/Beverage
Applications – Mining Knowledge
from LCA
18
Overall Messages
➜ Life-cycle assessment (LCA): inclusive set of quantitative information to inform decision making on environmental aspects of packaging.
➜ Life cycle based policies better avoid unanticipated consequences compared with those based on single impacts or single stages.
➜ Considering multi life cycle stages and impacts should be an integral element of policy making and implementation;
➜ quantitative LCAs may not always be necessary.
➜ Using life cycle attributes in packaging design makes trade-offs more visible, particularly if the associated packaged product is included.
➜ LCA does not include all environmental consequences of packaging, nor does it quantify risks.
➜ Where necessary and appropriate, LCA should be augmented with other assessment methods.
19
Life-cycle based approaches provide the most comprehensive
picture of the potential environmental impacts of packaging for
food/beverage applications
PSF’s Hotspots Analysis:
Process steps
➜ SOURCE: Product Sustainability Forum
➜ Applied to the UK’s grocery sector
Identify suitable data & information
Assemble different evidence threads
Agree on materiality
Identify & prioritize impacts
Review initial findings
Identify implementation
gaps
Action planning /
piloting
Mainstreaming of effective solutions
Reframe the analysis based on first iteration
20
Extends to top 50 products
(5) – Hotspots by supply chain stage &
metric
Data: >1800 studies, industry reviewers
Extends to top 50 products
(5) – Hotspots by supply chain stage &
metric
Product volumes
Extends to top 50 products
(5) – Hotspots by supply chain stage &
metric
Impact by metric
Extends to top 50 products
(5) – Hotspots by supply chain stage &
metric
Supply chain hotspots
Extends to top 50 products
(5) – Hotspots by supply chain stage &
metric
Value chain hotspots
Opportunities
A country perspective (EXP)
➜ National Assessment: Highlighting Russia’s Risks and
Opportunities from the SCP Perspective
26
Currently scaling up PSF’s approach to identify the key hotspots
in Russia where SCP policies may yield best results
Next steps: focus on implementation
➜ Change of gear in the Life Cycle Initiative
➜ Capacity Building linked to long-term practical
implementation
➜ LCM-CMM project
➜ Influence large-scale adoption of life cycle based public
policies
➜ Via the 10 Year Framework of Programmes (10YFP) for
Sustainable Consumption and Production, adopted in Rio+20
➜ Coordinating private initiatives?
➜ Engaging the Finance sector – UNEP FI?
27
LCM-CMM: Life Cycle Management
Capacity Maturity Model
Capability Scope Business case
Adaptive Society Capital preservation; sustainable prosperity
Effective Value chain Top line growth - Innovative products, new markets
Efficient Company Process efficiency; improved margins
Qualified Facility/ Process Risk avoidance; license to operate
LCM = operationalising life cycle thinking
CMM = formal architecture of evolutionary stages
starts with self assessment to understand current level +
gaps/opportunities for improvements
strategy for improvement
28
LCM-CMM - projects
Country / Company/ Industry Project
South Africa / Freudenberg Nonwovens/ Textiles
Supply Chain Management
Uganda / RUCID / Agrifoods Bioenergy carbon footprint
Cameroon / NEHSU Foods / Food production KPIs along value chain
Colombia / Secretaria Distrital de Ambiente + network of 22 companies / Range, mostly food
3 LCM projects + capacity building
Brazil / Ediouro Grafica e Editora / Printing Waste reduction
Peru / Finca Mountain Villa Rica / Coffee Eco-design of post harvest process
India / Polygenta Technologies / Textiles from post consumer PET bottles
Comparative LCA of polyester filament yarn
India / Indian Glycols / Chemicals Manufacturing
LCA of Ethylene Oxide derivatives to identify hot spots
29
Mandate for the 10-Year Framework of
Programmes on SCP: from Rio to Rio +20
• Agenda 21, adopted in Rio de Janeiro in 1992
“The major cause of the continued deterioration of the global
environment are the unsustainable patterns of consumption and
production…”
• Johannesburg Plan of Implementation (JPOI) – 2002
“SCP one of the overarching objectives of, and essential
requirements for, sustainable development.”
“Encourage and promote the development of a 10-year
framework of programmes (10YFP) in support of regional and
national initiatives to accelerate the shift towards SCP….”
• Rio+20 – (2012)
“We adopt the 10-year framework of programmes on SCP
patterns, as contained in document A/CONF.216/5 …”
30
30
10YFP: Main Objectives
Sustainable Consumption and Production
(SCP)
• Accelerate the shift towards SCP in all countries by
supporting regional and national policies and initiatives.
• Increase resource efficiency and decoupling economic
growth from environmental degradation, creating new
job/market opportunities and contributing to poverty
alleviation.
• Support capacity building and facilitate access to financial
and technical assistance for developing countries,
supporting the implementation of SCP activities at the
regional and national (sub-national) levels.
• Serve as an information and knowledge sharing platform
on SCP policies, tools, initiatives and best practices,
enhancing cooperation. 31
31
LCA in the 10YFP
• 10YFP Vision:
“The 10YFP should affirm a common vision that : …
Promotes life cycle approaches, including resource
efficiency and sustainable use of resources, as well as
science-based and traditional knowledge-based
approaches, cradle to cradle and the 3R concept ”
(Para I.vii)
• Criteria for the 10YFP Programmes
“Be based on life cycle approaches, including resource
efficiency and sustainable use of resources, and related
methodologies, … as appropriate” (Para 7.c)
32 32
10YFP Organisational Structure
Reporting lines Guiding & facilitating Interacting & implementing Small Board
Secretariat (hosted by UNEP)
National and Stakeholder Focal Points
ECOSOC Interim reporting
body
• Consumer information
• Sustainable lifestyles and education
• Sustainable public procurement
• Sustainable buildings and construction
• Sustainable tourism, including ecotourism
• Etc.
PROGRAMMES - Multi stakeholder
- Supporting implementation of regional and national SCP initiatives / projects
Regional / Sub-regional
e.g. Switch Asia
National
SCP dialogues, initiatives &
roundtables at all levels Trust Fund administered by
UNEP
1) Providing general support to the 10YFP, and 2) supporting national and regional SCP activities and implementation
International
UN interagency coordination
group
Thank you to our sponsors
34
Platinum Sponsors
Gold Sponsors
Silver Sponsors
And some questions for you!
➜ What’s the best added value you see in this Initiative?
➜ What is missing? Opportunities to engage other
stakeholders?
➜ Which stakeholders will have more influence (and should be
engaged first)?
➜ A sexy name for such an endeavour?
35
Contact us to see how you can become
involved
STAY UP-TO-DATE ON LIFE CYCLE INITIATIVE ACTIVITIES:
Web: www.lifecycleinitiative.org
Email: [email protected]
Twitter: @LC_Initiative
36
Office of the Secretariat - SCP Branch, UNEP DTIE, Paris
• Sonia Valdivia: [email protected]
UNEP – Life Cycle Initiative Programme Officer
• Llorenç Milà i Canals: [email protected]
UNEP – Initiative Co-Chair
• Kaveh Zahedi, DTIE Director ad interim
SETAC – Initiative Co-Chair
• Bruce Vigon: [email protected]
