The ROI of Improving Indoor Air Quality · No Arcing, Safe and Silent 弧 The collector has no bare electrical components. The electrode surfaces are encased in a special dielectric

2019 IAQA Annual Meeting

Tom Watson, Director of EngineeringPureLiving Indoor Environmental Solutions

[email protected]

The ROI of Improving Indoor Air Quality


Content Slides

• Content1. The Problem

2. Filtration Technology

3. Smart HVAC

4. Case Study

5. Q&A


PART

One

1The Problem


PM2.5 – A Daily Reality for Much of the World

4


US AQI

0 50 100 150 200 300+

A Global Air Quality Issue

Images from Air visual

In 2015 over 4 billion people were exposed to high levels of air pollution

Source: UNEP, (2018) Air Pollution in Asia-Pacific: Science-based Solutions


Particulate Matter (PM2.5)

Health impact:

• Respiratory disease, infection & lung

cancer

• Triggers asthma attacks

• Contributes to heart attacks, strokes,

diabetes, and even obesity

• Premature birth & death

Even though you don’t see or

smell it, PM2.5 damages your

lungs


477

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100

200

300

400

500

600

Dec Feb Apr Jun Aug Oct Dec Feb Apr Jun Aug Oct Dec Feb Apr Jun Aug Oct Dec Feb Apr Jun Aug Oct Dec Feb Apr Jun Aug Oct

2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

5 Years Monthly PM2.5 Day Peak Comparison Chart

Beijing Shanghai Hangzhou Shenzhen

WHO ANNUAL EXPOSURE STANDARD 10 ug/m3

48 times higher

Outdoor air quality in Beijing, Shanghai, Hangzhou and Shenzhen are all still significantly over annual WHO standards

Air quality history data and analysis of past five years:

Outdoor Historical Data


What do we need from our HVAC?What do we need from our HVAC?What do we need from our HVAC?What do we need from our HVAC?

Particulate Matter

Reduction

Fresh Air Ventilation

Rate

Thermal Comfort


HVAC Performance is Becoming Increasingly Important

Tenant’s prioritization for indoor air

quality

Government Energy and

Green agenda

Green building

certification

Increasing Occupant Density


To protect inside, you need to filter:

AHU

Filters


But filtration results in lower ventilation

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600

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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

Pa

De

live

red

air

vo

lum

e %

Time (Weeks)

Delivered air volume Pressure

Filter

Filtered Air

Volume:

60%-70%

Outdoor Air

Volume:

100%


Leading to higher CO2 and build up of indoor generated pollution


Insufficient fresh air is the next wave of occupant complaints, especially with co-working and increasing density, and Green Building (WELL/RESET/LEED)

Doubling fresh air rate results in as much as twice the productivity

*Source: Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health’s Center for Health and the Global Environment


The Problem with Traditional Media Filtration

The GoalThe Trade

off


The more you filter, the more it costs

Filter Change CostsEnergy Costs


GreenGreenGreenGreenHEALTHHEALTHHEALTHHEALTH

Gre e nG re e nG re e nG re e nSUSTAINABILITYSUSTAINABILITYSUSTAINABILITYSUSTAINABILITY


PART

Two

2Technology Overview


Traditional High Efficiency Filtration

傳統高效過濾

HEPA stands for High Efficiency Particulate Arrestor and can provide

99.97% removal efficiency for particulate sized 0.3.

HEPA bag filters are very efficient for PM removal and have high dust

holding capacity at the expense of a high pressure drop which increases

energy expense and decreases the delivered air volume

HEPA Filters maintain high efficiency at the expense of high pressure drop which

reduces air volume and decreases overall system performance

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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

Pa

De

live

red

air

vo

lum

e %

Time (Weeks)

Traditional Filtration

Delivered air volume Pressure


History & Development of Electrostatic Precipitation (ESP)

ESP的歷史與發展

2nd Generation: Plate Type ESP Technology;

Main Application: Commercial air purification,

Kitchen smoke;

Typical Products: Wire ESP; Sawtooth ESP.


Problems with ESPESP的問題

• Ozone generation (key issue in occupied spaces)

• Arcing (crackling sound and fire hazard)

• Short life due to caking of particulates on metal plates


+-+-+

Intense Field Dielectric

Introduction 介紹IFD stands for Intense Field Dielectric. IFD is similar to

traditional ESP but takes advantage of updated

technology for charging and particle collection.

IFD filters can be installed into the filtration section of

AHU/FAU, to remove PM2.5 in the fresh air before itenters into the occupied space. IFD filters can achieve

more than 95% filtration efficiency.

• Next Generation of ESP filtration technology

• Easy to retrofit into different system types• No consumables – filters can be washed

• Long service life 8 years


IFD VS Traditional ESPIFD V.S. 傳統ESP

No Arcing, Safe and Silent 無電弧、安全和靜音The collector has no bare electrical components. The electrode surfaces are encased in a special dielectric (non conductive)

material, which prevents arcing between the electrodes, there for it

is safe and silent.

Low Power Consumption 低功耗低功耗低功耗低功耗By intense electric field with micro-pores, Micro-ESP’s power

consumption is just about 1/10 that of the plate ESP.

Lightweight 羽量級The collector is composed of electrodes and unique polymer flute materials, which is light and easy for installation, maintenance,

cleaning.


Negligible ozone produced

Third Party CMA

Certified Ozone output

is <10% of GB 14295

standards


Challenges with IFD

• Sensitivity to high air speed (>3m/s)

• Sensitivity to dust loading

• Frame must be tight – no leaks

• Maintenance must be conducted very carefully


What if it is possible to have the What if it is possible to have the What if it is possible to have the What if it is possible to have the

best of both worlds as electronic best of both worlds as electronic best of both worlds as electronic best of both worlds as electronic

filtration embedded in a mix that filtration embedded in a mix that filtration embedded in a mix that filtration embedded in a mix that

works?works?works?works?


Smarter HVAC Smarter HVAC Smarter HVAC Smarter HVAC can achieve this

Smarter HVACSmarter HVACSmarter HVACSmarter HVAC


SmartHVAC

• The smart HVAC enhancement enables enhanced sustainable performance by:

• Improved filtration efficiency

• No need to sacrifice ventilation rates for increased filtration

• Lower energy consumption due to lower pressure drops

• Lower consumption of consumable filters (and less waste)

• Enabling real-time post-filtration air quality data

• comparing your filtered air to outdoor data and historical records and comparing energy data with historical records to demonstrate ROI

• Accomodates electronic filtration’s need for maintenance


Air Quality Monitoring Data

Outdoor PM2.5 real-time data

Indoor PM2.5 real-time dataReal-time CO2/TVOC/Temp/RH

Outdoor PM2.5 data from Shanghai US Consulate

- www.stateair.net


PART

Four

4Case Study

Return on Investment for a smart HVAC enhancement


• Had G4 + F7 traditional media filtration. Achieved ~70% outdoor PM2.5

reduction with pressure drop of 160-

350Pa

• Primary goals:

1. Reduce costs2. Maintain/improve filtration

performance

• IFS premium mall & office space in Chengdu, LEED Platinum

• Total GFA of 260,000sqm, consists of:• Office space (200,000m2)

• Hotel (20,000m2)

• Premium Shopping Mall (40,000m2)

• REPLACE WITH IFS PHOTO


BackgroundFiltration solutions have many variables especially in HVAC

systems. These include wind speed, surface area, pressure

drop, fan efficiency & lifespan.

Understanding these variables is key to provide improved

performance. Based on installation of IFD into an existing PAU,

PureLiving conducted real time analysis in order to determine

the optimum.

What was done:

1. Original F7 bag filters removed from

PAU X-T1-L7-01 (57,810 CMH)

2. IFD + M6 filters installed

3. Sensors installed into PAU, in-duct

4. Data from sensors continuously

monitored

The Business Case:

• Net Reduced costs from lowered energy use each

year

• Overall reduced operational costs of PAU per

annum

• 4 Years: Payback period of SmartHVAC upgrade


What was done:

1. Original F7 bag filters removed from PAU

X-T1-L7-01 (57,810 CMH)

2. IFD + M6 filters installed

3. Sensors installed into PAU, in-duct

4. Data from sensors continuously monitored

G4

F7

This two stage filtration will provide approx. 70%

reduction of PM sized 1.0um

Existing Filtration Filtration Upgrade

PAU X-T1-L7-01

Assessed Improved Maintained

Replaced with PL 3rd Gen. IFD Technology

CMH 57,810


IFSIFSIFSIFSIFD

Pre filter

Charge section

M level static Filter

Collection section

Frame


IFSIFSIFSIFSInstallation

34

1

2

3

Filtered Air

to Space

2


Monitoring

• In system monitoring measure real time PM

performance and provides an accurate filtration of

filtration efficiency

• Pressure differential data is collected to assess filtration

impact on delivered air volume

• Energy data logging of the blower captures the energy

expense for providing higher efficiency filtration


•IFSIFSIFSIFS

93%

reduction of

outdoors

during work

hours

*Monday to Friday 10th – 14th September, 2018


IFSIFSIFSIFSPerformance

Energy

reduction

direct cost

savings of

59%

Air volume (m3/s) 16.31 Air volume (m3/hr) 16.31

Time (hours) 2,600 Time (hours) 2,600

Average pressure drop 95 Average pressure drop 230

Fan efficiency 0.75 Fan efficiency 0.75

Energy in Kwh 5,371 Energy in Kwh 13,003

Cost per Kwh 0.72 Cost per Kwh 0.72

Energy Cost 3,867.03¥ Total Cost 9,362.29¥

Traditional Filtration PureLiving Filtration

m3/hr 58710

m3/s 16.31

IFS Fresh Air Air Volume

Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 Year 6 Year 7 Year 8

SmartHVAC 3,867 7,966 12,188 16,537 21,016 25,629 30,381 35,276

G4+F7 9,362 19,286 29,508 40,036 50,881 62,050 73,555 85,405

-

20,000

40,000

60,000

80,000

100,000

RM

B

Year on Year Energy Cost

SmartHVAC G4+F7

-

50,000

100,000

150,000

200,000

250,000

PL Solution Traditional

Filtration

Total Energy Cost


4 yearsSmart HVAC

Investment

payback period

Capex Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 Year 6 Year 7 Year 8

SmartHVAC 139,545 163,662 215,412 267,162 318,912 370,662 422,412 474,162 525,912

G4+F7 31,500 57,572 139,859 232,367 335,403 449,284 574,334 710,889 859,294

-

200,000

400,000

600,000

800,000

1,000,000

RM

B

Total Cost of Ownership: 8 Years

SmartHVAC G4+F7

4 years payback period4 years payback period4 years payback period4 years payback period

-

200,000

400,000

600,000

800,000

1,000,000

PL IFD G4+F7

Total

PL IFD G4+F7

Total 525,912 859,294

Rmb saving 333,382

Percent saving 39%

TCO Capex opex + energy

IFSIFSIFSIFSPerformance


OpEx & Energy

savings can

result in up to

40%reduced cost

Smart HVAC = Smart HVAC = Smart HVAC = Smart HVAC =

Smarter Smarter Smarter Smarter

buildingsbuildingsbuildingsbuildings

Energy monitoring via pressure

differential

identifies significant savings in

power & costs

IFS

Performance 性能

-

20,000

40,000

60,000

80,000

100,000

120,000

SMartHVAC G4+F7

Capex Annual Opex


IFSIFSIFSIFS

Conclusion: Customized Solution 結論: 量身定制的解決方案

Specific filtration solutions are tailored

based on an assessment of the HVAC

system.

System characteristics which determine

the filtration design include;

• System type PAU or AHU

• Outdoor air %

• Air flow rate

• Filter cross section area

• Efficiency requirement

• Maintenance method

• Need for real-time monitoring


•IFSIFSIFSIFS

$50k RMB

(43%)

projected

annual

savings via

Building-wide

smartHVAC

-

100,000

200,000

300,000

400,000

500,000

600,000

700,000

800,000

900,000

1,000,000

smartHVAC G4+F7

Total


Empowered By DataOptimising building performance

Data

Insight

Realised

Value

Information

Air quality data sourced from distributed sensor

network

Data conveyed to the cloud for database storage

Platform categorises data, FM can apply in platform

filters, bracketing, cross-referencing to create insight

Insight used to control systems for optimised

performance


Questions?

Tom [email protected]

Documents

The ROI of Improving Indoor Air Quality · No Arcing, Safe and Silent 弧 The collector has no bare electrical components. The electrode surfaces are encased in a special dielectric