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The Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act, 2009
Ministry of Human Resource DevelopmentDepartment of School Education and Literacy
The Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act, 2009
A publication of: Department of School Education and LiteracyMinistry of Human Resource DevelopmentGovernment of India
March (2012)
© 2012
iii
Foreword
ItisnowtwoyearssincetheRightofChildrentoFreeandCompulsoryEducation(RTE)Act,2009becameoperative.InthesetwoyearswehaveseenimportantdevelopmentsfortheimplementationoftheRTEAct.Asmanyas32StatesandUTshavenotifiedtheStateRTERulesoradoptedtheCentralRules,andpreparationforcompliancewithRTEnormshascommencedacrossthecountry.Themajorchallengebeforeusistoaccuratelyestimatechildrenwho,foronereasonoranother,arestillout-of-school,andensurethattheyarere-inductedintoelementaryeducationatanage-appropriatelevel.Therehasbeenprogressinbridginggenderandsocialcategorygapsinenrolmentandretention,particularlyattheprimarylevel.Thereare,however,challengesinvolvedinmeetingthesegoalsattheupperprimarylevelwheresocio-culturalnormsandpractices,suchasearlymarriage,continuetoposesignificantobstaclesforgenderparity.Poorattendanceandprolongedabsenteeismareimportantfactorsaffectingretention,especiallyattheupperprimarystage.Communityinvolvementwouldbekeytoimprovingattendanceandthereforedeservestobecomesignificantpartoftheagendaintheyeartocome.
TheCentralGovernmenthasprovidedsubstantialinputsinthepursuitofthegoalofachievingqualityineducation.TheNationalCurriculumFramework,2005isacceptedamongStatesasasourceofideasanddetailsinvolvedincurricularplanning,andStatesneed toundertake syllabusdevelopment, textbook revisionoradaptation,and individualizedassessmentmandatedundercontinuousandcomprehensiveevaluation.
Teacherdeploymentandshortagescontinuetobeamajorconcern.SinceRTEbecameoperativetheCentralGovernmenthassanctioned6,82,788teacherpostsunderSarvaShikshaAbhiyan(SSA)acrossthecountry.TheCentralBoardofSecondaryEducation(CBSE)hasconductedtworoundsofTeacherEligibilityTests(TET),inwhichover1.50lakhpersonshavequalified.SeveralStates,includingAssam,Bihar,Chhattisgarh,Haryana,Jharkhand,Gujarat,MadhyaPradesh,Manipur,Nagaland,Punjab,Rajasthan,UttarPradeshandUttarakhandhaveconductedtheStateTET.Wehopethatmanymoreteacherswillbecomeavailableinschoolsinthecomingyear.
Lastyearwehadbroughtoutapublication,titledRTE: The 1st Year,topresentastatementofwherewestoodwithrespecttoenrolment,teacherrelatedandinfrastructureindicators.Thestatuspresentedinthatpublicationwasbasedondatacollectedwith30thSeptember,2009asthecut-offdate.Thepresentpublication,RTE: The 2nd Yearcoversthestatuswithrespecttothesameindicatorsason30thSeptember,2010.Since,theRTEActcameintoforceon1st April,2010,theimpactofthemeasurestakenforitseffectiveimplementationisnotfullyreflectedinthispublication,astheStateswereintheprocessofputtingthesystemsinplace. Itoffers,nonetheless,avaluableinsightintotherealitiestobeaddressed.WiththeintenseeffortsbeingmadebothbytheCentralandStateGovernments,Iamconfidentofsignificantimprovementintheyearstocome.
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ContentsSl.No Particulars PageNo.1 Foreword iii2 RTEStatus-India 13 Andaman&NicobarIslands 25 AndhraPradesh 36 ArunachalPradesh 47 Assam 58 Bihar 69 Chandigarh 710 Chhattisgarh 811 Dadra&NagarHaveli 912 Daman&Diu 1013 Delhi 1114 Goa 1215 Gujarat 1316 Haryana 1417 HimachalPradesh 1518 Jammu&Kashmir 1619 Jharkhand 1720 Karnataka 1821 Kerala 1922 Lakshadweep 2023 MadhyaPradesh 2124 Maharashtra 2225 Manipur 2326 Meghalaya 2427 Mizoram 2528 Nagaland 2629 Odisha 2730 Puducherry 2831 Punjab 2932 Rajasthan 3033 Sikkim 3134 TamilNadu 3235 Tripura 3336 UttarPradesh 3437 Uttarakhand 3538 WestBengal 3639 RTEAct:TheRationale 37
1
Enrolmentindicator 2009-10 2010-11
Totalenrolmentprimarylevel 13,34,05,581 13,52,07,057Totalenrolmentupperprimarylevel 5,44,67,415 5,78,44,942%Girlstototalenrolmentprimarylevel 48 48%Girlstototalenrolmentupperprimarylevel 48 48Genderparityindex(GPI)primarylevel 0.94 0.94Genderparityindex(GPI)upperprimarylevel 0.93 0.94%SCtototalenrolment 20 19%STtototalenrolment 11 11AnnualAveragedrop-outrate(Primary) 9.1 6.8
IndiaDemographic indicators (Census2011)
Totalpopulation 121.01Cr. Literacy rate 74.0%Urbanpopulation* 72.2 Female literacy rate 65.5%SCpopulation* 16.2 Maleliteracyrate 82.1%STpopulation* 8.2 Sexratio(0-6yrs.) 914
*Source:Census2001
Status on RTEnumber of States/uTs
2011 2012notification of State Rules 15 32Constitution of SCpCR/REpA 11 21notification of academic authority 20 31policy on eight year elementary education 28 28no detention 27 31no corporal punishment 28 32no board examination upto elementary level 26 33banning private tuition 18 30banning screening procedure and capitation fees 18 32Minimum working days and instructional hours 21 29
infrastructureindicator 2009-10 2010-11
No.ofelementaryschools(Govt.+Aided) 11,20,968 11,35,544
Studentclassroomratio(SCR) 32 31
%PrimaryschoolswithSCR>30* 40 37
%U.primaryschoolswithSCR>35* 36 34
%Schoolswithdrinkingwaterfacility 93 93
%Schoolswithtoiletfacility@ 82 84
%Schoolswithramp 47 50
%Schoolswithplayground 51 55
%Schoolswithboundarywall 51 55
Teachers
indicator 2009-10 2010-11
Totalteachers(Govt.+Aided) 44,77,429 47,59,773
Pupilteacherratio(PTR) 32 30
%PrimaryschoolswithPTR>30* 46 43
%U.primaryschs.withPTR>35* 36 33
%Teacherswithoutprofessionalqualification$
21 20
%Singleteacherschools 9 9Source:DISE
*GovernmentSchools$Teacherswithoutprofessionalqualificationfor2010-11isasperrevisedNCTEguidelines.@Changeindefinitionduring2010-11.Urinalshavebeenexcluded,onlytoiletseatsconsidered.
Mapnottoscale
2
Enrolment
indicator 2009-10 2010-11
Totalenrolmentprimarylevel 34,242 32,224
Totalenrolmentupperprimarylevel 22,323 21,129
%Girlstototalenrolmentprimarylevel 49 49
%Girlstototalenrolmentupperprimarylevel 48 48
Genderparityindex(GPI)primarylevel 0.95 0.95
Genderparityindex(GPI)upperprimarylevel 0.92 0.94
%SCtototalenrolment 0 0
%STtototalenrolment 7 8
AnnualAveragedrop-outrate(Primary) 1.5 3.5
Andaman & Nicobar IslandsDemographic indicators (Census2011)
Totalpopulation 3.79L Literacy rate 86.3%Urbanpopulation* 32.7 Female literacy rate 81.8%SCpopulation* 0.0 Maleliteracyrate 90.1%STpopulation* 8.3 Sexratio(0-6yrs.) 966
*Source:Census2001
Status on RTEnotification of State Rules NotifiedConstitution of SCpCR/REpA In processnotification of academic authority Notifiedpolicy on eight year elementary education In placeno detention Notificationissuedno corporal punishment Notificationissuedno board examination upto elementary level Notificationissuedbanning private tuition Notificationissuedbanning screening procedure and capitation fees
Notificationissued
Minimum working days and instructional hours
Notificationissued
Ason15-03-2012
infrastructure
indicator 2009-10 2010-11
No.ofelementaryschools(Govt.+Aided) 324 327
Studentclassroomratio(SCR) 17 16
%PrimaryschoolswithSCR>30* 6 4
%U.primaryschoolswithSCR>35* 4 3
%Schoolswithdrinkingwaterfacility 91 96
%Schoolswithtoiletfacility 98 83
%Schoolswithramp 17 25
%Schoolswithplayground 58 57
%Schoolswithboundarywall 52 49
Teachers
indicator 2009-10 2010-11
Totalteachers(Govt.+Aided) 4,310 4,538
Pupilteacherratio(PTR) 11 10
%PrimaryschoolswithPTR>30* 1 1
%U.primaryschs.withPTR>35* 0 0
%Teacherswithoutprofessionalqualification
1 3
%Singleteacherschools 4 5
*GovernmentSchools Source:DISE
Mapnottoscale
3
Enrolment
indicator 2009-10 2010-11
Totalenrolmentprimarylevel 72,29,193 75,40,821
Totalenrolmentupperprimarylevel 36,22,055 37,31,242
%Girlstototalenrolmentprimarylevel 49 49
%Girlstototalenrolmentupperprimarylevel 49 49
Genderparityindex(GPI)primarylevel 0.97 0.95
Genderparityindex(GPI)upperprimarylevel 0.96 0.96
%SCtototalenrolment 18 19
%STtototalenrolment 10 10
AnnualAveragedrop-outrate(Primary) 5.8 5.4
Andhra PradeshDemographic indicators (Census2011)
Totalpopulation 8.46Cr. Literacy rate 75.6%Urbanpopulation* 27.3 Female literacy rate 59.7%SCpopulation* 16.2 Maleliteracyrate 75.6%STpopulation* 6.6 Sexratio(0-6yrs.) 943
*Source:Census2001
Status on RTEnotification of State Rules NotifiedConstitution of SCpCR/REpA In processnotification of academic authority Notifiedpolicy on eight year elementary education In processno detention Notificationissuedno corporal punishment Notificationissuedno board examination upto elementary level Notificationissuedbanning private tuition Notificationissuedbanning screening procedure and capitation fees
Notificationissued
Minimum working days and instructional hours
Notificationissued
Ason15-03-2012
infrastructure
indicator 2009-10 2010-11
No.ofelementaryschools(Govt.+Aided)
83,235 82,719
Studentclassroomratio(SCR) 24 23
%PrimaryschoolswithSCR>30* 32 31
%U.primaryschoolswithSCR>35* 27 30
%Schoolswithdrinkingwaterfacility 92 91
%Schoolswithtoiletfacility 85 81
%Schoolswithramp 14 16
%Schoolswithplayground 48 57
%Schoolswithboundarywall 54 56
Teachers
indicator 2009-10 2010-11
Totalteachers(Govt.+Aided) 3,29,241 3,65,071
Pupilteacherratio(PTR) 22 20
%PrimaryschoolswithPTR>30* 21 14
%U.primaryschs.withPTR>35* 9 3
%Teacherswithoutprofessionalqualification
10 11
%Singleteacherschools 14 11
*GovernmentSchools Source:DISE
Mapnottoscale
4
Enrolment
indicator 2009-10 2010-11
Totalenrolmentprimarylevel 2,45,832 2,44,488
Totalenrolmentupperprimarylevel 88,617 87,577
%Girlstototalenrolmentprimarylevel 49 49
%Girlstototalenrolmentupperprimarylevel 48 49
Genderparityindex(GPI)primarylevel 0.94 0.95
Genderparityindex(GPI)upperprimarylevel 0.93 0.95
%SCtototalenrolment 0 0
%STtototalenrolment 76 77
AnnualAveragedrop-outrate(Primary) 20.7 18.7
Arunachal PradeshDemographic indicators (Census2011)
Totalpopulation 13.82L Literacy rate 67.0%Urbanpopulation* 20.8 Female literacy rate 59.6%SCpopulation* 0.6 Maleliteracyrate 73.7%STpopulation* 64.2 Sexratio(0-6yrs.) 960
*Source:Census2001
Status on RTEnotification of State Rules NotifiedConstitution of SCpCR/REpA Notifiednotification of academic authority Notifiedpolicy on eight year elementary education In placeno detention Notificationissuedno corporal punishment Notificationissuedno board examination upto elementary level Notificationissuedbanning private tuition Notificationissuedbanning screening procedure and capitation fees
Notificationissued
Minimum working days and instructional hours
Notificationissued
Ason15-03-2012
infrastructure
indicator 2009-10 2010-11
No.ofelementaryschools(Govt.+Aided) 4,424 4,174
Studentclassroomratio(SCR) 19 19
%PrimaryschoolswithSCR>30* 11 10
%U.primaryschoolswithSCR>35* 18 18
%Schoolswithdrinkingwaterfacility 85 78
%Schoolswithtoiletfacility 51 49
%Schoolswithramp 3 4
%Schoolswithplayground 25 30
%Schoolswithboundarywall 28 30
Teachers
indicator 2009-10 2010-11
Totalteachers(Govt.+Aided) 15,847 15,783
Pupilteacherratio(PTR) 19 18
%PrimaryschoolswithPTR>30* 18 18
%U.primaryschs.withPTR>35* 13 13
%Teacherswithoutprofessionalqualification
75 60
%Singleteacherschools 49 45
*GovernmentSchools Source:DISE
Mapnottoscale
5
Enrolment
indicator 2009-10 2010-11
Totalenrolmentprimarylevel 35,21,862 40,70,490
Totalenrolmentupperprimarylevel 16,40,238 17,51,673
%Girlstototalenrolmentprimarylevel 50 50
%Girlstototalenrolmentupperprimarylevel 51 51
Genderparityindex(GPI)primarylevel 0.99 0.98
Genderparityindex(GPI)upperprimarylevel 1.05 1.06
%SCtototalenrolment 10 9
%STtototalenrolment 15 15
AnnualAveragedrop-outrate(Primary) 9.6 8.6
AssamDemographic indicators (Census2011)
Totalpopulation 3.11Cr. Literacy rate 73.2%Urbanpopulation* 12.9 Female literacy rate 67.3%SCpopulation* 6.9 Maleliteracyrate 78.8%STpopulation* 12.4 Sexratio(0-6yrs.) 957
*Source:Census2001
Status on RTEnotification of State Rules NotifiedConstitution of SCpCR/REpA Notifiednotification of academic authority Notifiedpolicy on eight year elementary education Notificationissuedno detention Notificationissuedno corporal punishment Notificationissuedno board examination upto elementary level Notificationissuedbanning private tuition Notificationissuedbanning screening procedure and capitation fees
Notificationissued
Minimum working days and instructional hours
Notificationissued
Ason15-03-2012
infrastructure
indicator 2009-10 2010-11
No.ofelementaryschools(Govt.+Aided) 51,301 51,509
Studentclassroomratio(SCR) 30 29
%PrimaryschoolswithSCR>30* 43 41
%U.primaryschoolswithSCR>35* 48 41
%Schoolswithdrinkingwaterfacility 81 76
%Schoolswithtoiletfacility 62 68
%Schoolswithramp 43 38
%Schoolswithplayground 55 53
%Schoolswithboundarywall 28 25
Teachers
indicator 2009-10 2010-11
Totalteachers(Govt.+Aided) 2,10,103 2,19,722
Pupilteacherratio(PTR) 23 21
%PrimaryschoolswithPTR>30* 42 46
%U.primaryschs.withPTR>35* 23 19
%Teacherswithoutprofessionalqualification
61 11
%Singleteacherschools 12 15
*GovernmentSchools Source:DISE
Mapnottoscale
6
Enrolment
indicator 2009-10 2010-11
Totalenrolmentprimarylevel 1,51,56,710 1,56,46,438
Totalenrolmentupperprimarylevel 38,50,783 43,28,264
%Girlstototalenrolmentprimarylevel 48 49
%Girlstototalenrolmentupperprimarylevel 46 48
Genderparityindex(GPI)primarylevel 0.92 0.94
Genderparityindex(GPI)upperprimarylevel 0.87 0.91
%SCtototalenrolment 19 18
%STtototalenrolment 2 2
AnnualAveragedrop-outrate(Primary) 13.4 6.4
BiharDemographic indicators (Census2011)
Totalpopulation 10.38Cr. Literacy rate 63.8%Urbanpopulation* 10.5 Female literacy rate 53.3%SCpopulation* 15.7 Maleliteracyrate 73.3%STpopulation* 0.9 Sexratio(0-6yrs.) 933
*Source:Census2001
Status on RTEnotification of State Rules NotifiedConstitution of SCpCR/REpA Notifiednotification of academic authority Notifiedpolicy on eight year elementary education In placeno detention Notificationissuedno corporal punishment Notificationissuedno board examination upto elementary level Notificationissuedbanning private tuition Notificationissuedbanning screening procedure and capitation fees
Notificationissued
Minimum working days and instructional hours
InProcess
Ason15-03-2012
infrastructure
indicator 2009-10 2010-11
No.ofelementaryschools(Govt.+Aided) 67,649 67,956
Studentclassroomratio(SCR) 89 83
%PrimaryschoolswithSCR>30* 89 88
%U.primaryschoolswithSCR>35* 92 92
%Schoolswithdrinkingwaterfacility 93 92
%Schoolswithtoiletfacility 63 66
%Schoolswithramp 39 47
%Schoolswithplayground 31 31
%Schoolswithboundarywall 39 45
Teachers
indicator 2009-10 2010-11
Totalteachers(Govt.+Aided) 3,32,781 3,36,486
Pupilteacherratio(PTR) 57 58
%PrimaryschoolswithPTR>30* 86 86
%U.primaryschs.withPTR>35* 87 89
%Teacherswithoutprofessionalqualification
51 52
%Singleteacherschools 5 5
*GovernmentSchools Source:DISE
Mapnottoscale
7
Enrolment
indicator 2009-10 2010-11
Totalenrolmentprimarylevel 89,871 93,786
Totalenrolmentupperprimarylevel 52,474 55,216
%Girlstototalenrolmentprimarylevel 46 46
%Girlstototalenrolmentupperprimarylevel 44 44
Genderparityindex(GPI)primarylevel 0.84 0.85
Genderparityindex(GPI)upperprimarylevel 0.80 0.79
%SCtototalenrolment 10 10
%STtototalenrolment 0 0
AnnualAveragedrop-outrate(Primary) - -
ChandigarhDemographic indicators (Census2011)
Totalpopulation 10.54L Literacy rate 86.4%Urbanpopulation* 89.8 Female literacy rate 81.4%SCpopulation* 17.5 Maleliteracyrate 90.5%STpopulation* 0.0 Sexratio(0-6yrs.) 867
*Source:Census2001
Status on RTEnotification of State Rules NotifiedConstitution of SCpCR/REpA In processnotification of academic authority Notifiedpolicy on eight year elementary education In placeno detention Notificationissuedno corporal punishment Notificationissuedno board examination upto elementary level Notificationissuedbanning private tuition Notificationissuedbanning screening procedure and capitation fees
Notificationissued
Minimum working days and instructional hours
Notificationissued
Ason15-03-2012
infrastructure
indicator 2009-10 2010-11
No.ofelementaryschools(Govt.+Aided) 122 123
Studentclassroomratio(SCR) 40 43
%PrimaryschoolswithSCR>30* 86 92
%U.primaryschoolswithSCR>35* 83 82
%Schoolswithdrinkingwaterfacility 100 100
%Schoolswithtoiletfacility 100 98
%Schoolswithramp 43 43
%Schoolswithplayground 98 95
%Schoolswithboundarywall 99 100
Teachers
indicator 2009-10 2010-11
Totalteachers(Govt.+Aided) 3,075 4,081
Pupilteacherratio(PTR) 29 24
%PrimaryschoolswithPTR>30* 100 85
%U.primaryschs.withPTR>35* 34 22
%Teacherswithoutprofessionalqualification
0 2
%Singleteacherschools 0 0
*GovernmentSchools Source:DISE
Mapnottoscale
8
Enrolment
indicator 2009-10 2010-11
Totalenrolmentprimarylevel 31,51,851 31,58,200
Totalenrolmentupperprimarylevel 13,63,884 14,79,244
%Girlstototalenrolmentprimarylevel 49 49
%Girlstototalenrolmentupperprimarylevel 49 49
Genderparityindex(GPI)primarylevel 0.96 0.96
Genderparityindex(GPI)upperprimarylevel 0.95 0.96
%SCtototalenrolment 15 15
%STtototalenrolment 32 32
AnnualAveragedrop-outrate(Primary) 6.2 5.4
ChhattisgarhDemographic indicators (Census2011)
Totalpopulation 2.55Cr. Literacy rate 71.0%Urbanpopulation* 20.1 Female literacy rate 60.6%SCpopulation* 11.6 Maleliteracyrate 81.4%STpopulation* 31.8 Sexratio(0-6yrs.) 964
*Source:Census2001
Status on RTEnotification of State Rules NotifiedConstitution of SCpCR/REpA Notifiednotification of academic authority Notifiedpolicy on eight year elementary education In placeno detention Notificationissuedno corporal punishment Notificationissuedno board examination upto elementary level Notificationissuedbanning private tuition Notificationissuedbanning screening procedure and capitation fees
Notificationissued
Minimum working days and instructional hours
Notificationissued
Ason15-03-2012
infrastructure
indicator 2009-10 2010-11
No.ofelementaryschools(Govt.+Aided) 46,764 46,871
Studentclassroomratio(SCR) 28 27
%PrimaryschoolswithSCR>30* 38 34
%U.primaryschoolswithSCR>35* 26 29
%Schoolswithdrinkingwaterfacility 94 94
%Schoolswithtoiletfacility 64 60
%Schoolswithramp 41 39
%Schoolswithplayground 41 39
%Schoolswithboundarywall 70 72
Teachers
indicator 2009-10 2010-11
Totalteachers(Govt.+Aided) 1,43,742 1,57,938
Pupilteacherratio(PTR) 26 24
%PrimaryschoolswithPTR>30* 38 30
%U.primaryschs.withPTR>35* 22 18
%Teacherswithoutprofessionalqualification
31 30
%Singleteacherschools 11 8
*GovernmentSchools Source:DISE
Mapnottoscale
9
Enrolment
indicator 2009-10 2010-11
Totalenrolmentprimarylevel 39,826 39,896
Totalenrolmentupperprimarylevel 12,464 19,168
%Girlstototalenrolmentprimarylevel 48 47
%Girlstototalenrolmentupperprimarylevel 45 45
Genderparityindex(GPI)primarylevel 0.91 0.89
Genderparityindex(GPI)upperprimarylevel 0.81 0.83
%SCtototalenrolment 2 2
%STtototalenrolment 70 68
AnnualAveragedrop-outrate(Primary) 2.8 2.0
Dadra & Nagar HaveliDemographic indicators (Census2011)
Totalpopulation 3.42L Literacy rate 77.6%Urbanpopulation* 22.9 Female literacy rate 65.9%SCpopulation* 1.9 Maleliteracyrate 86.4%STpopulation* 62.2 Sexratio(0-6yrs.) 924
*Source:Census2001
Status on RTEnotification of State Rules NotifiedConstitution of SCpCR/REpA In processnotification of academic authority Notifiedpolicy on eight year elementary education In placeno detention Notificationawaitedno corporal punishment Notificationissuedno board examination upto elementary level Notificationissuedbanning private tuition Notificationissuedbanning screening procedure and capitation fees
Notificationissued
Minimum working days and instructional hours
Notificationissued
Ason15-03-2012
infrastructure
indicator 2009-10 2010-11
No.ofelementaryschools(Govt.+Aided) 284 284
Studentclassroomratio(SCR) 39 45
%PrimaryschoolswithSCR>30* 51 35
%U.primaryschoolswithSCR>35* 69 72
%Schoolswithdrinkingwaterfacility 96 96
%Schoolswithtoiletfacility 69 70
%Schoolswithramp 27 24
%Schoolswithplayground 34 35
%Schoolswithboundarywall 39 39
Teachers
indicator 2009-10 2010-11
Totalteachers(Govt.+Aided) 1,236 1,201
Pupilteacherratio(PTR) 36 40
%PrimaryschoolswithPTR>30* 59 58
%U.primaryschs.withPTR>35* 58 69
%Teacherswithoutprofessionalqualification
0 0
%Singleteacherschools 20 22
*GovernmentSchools Source:DISE
Mapnottoscale
10
Enrolment
indicator 2009-10 2010-11
Totalenrolmentprimarylevel 17,472 17,026
Totalenrolmentupperprimarylevel 8,963 9,117
%Girlstototalenrolmentprimarylevel 46 47
%Girlstototalenrolmentupperprimarylevel 47 48
Genderparityindex(GPI)primarylevel 0.86 0.87
Genderparityindex(GPI)upperprimarylevel 0.88 0.91
%SCtototalenrolment 4 4
%STtototalenrolment 12 11
AnnualAveragedrop-outrate(Primary) 2.3 6.3
Daman & DiuDemographic indicators (Census2011)
Totalpopulation 2.42L Literacy rate 87.1%Urbanpopulation* 36.3 Female literacy rate 79.6%SCpopulation* 3.1 Maleliteracyrate 91.4%STpopulation* 8.8 Sexratio(0-6yrs.) 909
*Source:Census2001
Status on RTEnotification of State Rules Notified
Constitution of SCpCR/REpA In process
notification of academic authority Notified
policy on eight year elementary education In place
no detention Notificationissued
no corporal punishment Notificationissued
no board examination upto elementary level Notificationissued
banning private tuition Notificationissued
banning screening procedure and capitation fees
Notificationissued
Minimum working days and instructional hours
Notificationissued
Ason15-03-2012
infrastructure
indicator 2009-10 2010-11
No.ofelementaryschools(Govt.+Aided) 95 89
Studentclassroomratio(SCR) 34 35
%PrimaryschoolswithSCR>30* 52 53
%U.primaryschoolswithSCR>35* 28 36
%Schoolswithdrinkingwaterfacility 100 100
%Schoolswithtoiletfacility 94 98
%Schoolswithramp 45 40
%Schoolswithplayground 61 62
%Schoolswithboundarywall 90 92
Teachers
indicator 2009-10 2010-11
Totalteachers(Govt.+Aided) 638 617
Pupilteacherratio(PTR) 31 30
%PrimaryschoolswithPTR>30* 50 49
%U.primaryschs.withPTR>35* 22 15
%Teacherswithoutprofessionalqualification
5 0
%Singleteacherschools 2 2
*GovernmentSchools Source:DISE
Mapnottoscale
11
Enrolment
indicator 2009-10 2010-11
Totalenrolmentprimarylevel 16,84,425 17,27,698
Totalenrolmentupperprimarylevel 9,82,164 9,82,785
%Girlstototalenrolmentprimarylevel 47 47
%Girlstototalenrolmentupperprimarylevel 46 46
Genderparityindex(GPI)primarylevel 0.88 0.88
Genderparityindex(GPI)upperprimarylevel 0.85 0.85
%SCtototalenrolment 10 10
%STtototalenrolment 0 0
AnnualAveragedrop-outrate(Primary) 0.3 -
DelhiDemographic indicators (Census2011)
Totalpopulation 1.67Cr. Literacy rate 86.3%Urbanpopulation* 93.2 Female literacy rate 80.9%SCpopulation* 16.9 Maleliteracyrate 91.0%STpopulation* 0.0 Sexratio(0-6yrs.) 866
*Source:Census2001
Status on RTEnotification of State Rules NotifiedConstitution of SCpCR/REpA Notifiednotification of academic authority Notifiedpolicy on eight year elementary education In placeno detention Notificationissuedno corporal punishment Notificationissuedno board examination upto elementary level Notificationissuedbanning private tuition Notificationissuedbanning screening procedure and capitation fees
Notificationissued
Minimum working days and instructional hours
Notificationissued
Ason15-03-2012
infrastructure
indicator 2009-10 2010-11
No.ofelementaryschools(Govt.+Aided) 3,034 3,028
Studentclassroomratio(SCR) 34 34
%PrimaryschoolswithSCR>30* 65 65
%U.primaryschoolswithSCR>35* 49 41
%Schoolswithdrinkingwaterfacility 100 100
%Schoolswithtoiletfacility 100 100
%Schoolswithramp 71 63
%Schoolswithplayground 75 80
%Schoolswithboundarywall 98 98
Teachers
indicator 2009-10 2010-11
Totalteachers(Govt.+Aided) 57,777 44,671
Pupilteacherratio(PTR) 28 36
%PrimaryschoolswithPTR>30* 77 86
%U.primaryschs.withPTR>35* 14 54
%Teacherswithoutprofessionalqualification
1 1
%Singleteacherschools 0 1
*GovernmentSchools Source:DISE
Mapnottoscale
12
Enrolment
indicator 2009-10 2010-11
Totalenrolmentprimarylevel 1,12,994 1,11,330
Totalenrolmentupperprimarylevel 65,673 70,593
%Girlstototalenrolmentprimarylevel 48 48
%Girlstototalenrolmentupperprimarylevel 47 47
Genderparityindex(GPI)primarylevel 0.92 0.93
Genderparityindex(GPI)upperprimarylevel 0.87 0.89
%SCtototalenrolment 2 2
%STtototalenrolment 8 9
AnnualAveragedrop-outrate(Primary) 5.0 1.0
GoaDemographic indicators (Census2011)
Totalpopulation 14.57L Literacy rate 87.4%Urbanpopulation* 49.8 Female literacy rate 81.8%SCpopulation* 1.8 Maleliteracyrate 92.8%STpopulation* 0.0 Sexratio(0-6yrs.) 920
*Source:Census2001
Status on RTEnotification of State Rules In processConstitution of SCpCR/REpA Notifiednotification of academic authority In processpolicy on eight year elementary education In processno detention Notificationissuedno corporal punishment Notificationissuedno board examination upto elementary level Notificationissuedbanning private tuition Notificationissuedbanning screening procedure and capitation fees
Notificationissued
Minimum working days and instructional hours
Notificationawaited
Ason15-03-2012
infrastructure
indicator 2009-10 2010-11
No.ofelementaryschools(Govt.+Aided) 1,391 1,428
Studentclassroomratio(SCR) 25 25
%PrimaryschoolswithSCR>30* 7 7
%U.primaryschoolswithSCR>35* 8 9
%Schoolswithdrinkingwaterfacility 99 99
%Schoolswithtoiletfacility 86 90
%Schoolswithramp 34 37
%Schoolswithplayground 50 51
%Schoolswithboundarywall 69 75
Teachers
indicator 2009-10 2010-11
Totalteachers(Govt.+Aided) 6,873 7,137
Pupilteacherratio(PTR) 24 24
%PrimaryschoolswithPTR>30* 2 3
%U.primaryschs.withPTR>35* 6 5
%Teacherswithoutprofessionalqualification
4 1
%Singleteacherschools 25 26
*GovernmentSchools Source:DISE
Mapnottoscale
13
Enrolment
indicator 2009-10 2010-11
Totalenrolmentprimarylevel 58,52,700 58,88,892
Totalenrolmentupperprimarylevel 19,61,691 22,58,132
%Girlstototalenrolmentprimarylevel 47 46
%Girlstototalenrolmentupperprimarylevel 46 46
Genderparityindex(GPI)primarylevel 0.87 0.86
Genderparityindex(GPI)upperprimarylevel 0.84 0.84
%SCtototalenrolment 7 8
%STtototalenrolment 18 18
AnnualAveragedrop-outrate(Primary) 3.9 4.3
GujaratDemographic indicators (Census2011)
Totalpopulation 6.03Cr. Literacy rate 79.3%Urbanpopulation* 37.4 Female literacy rate 70.7%SCpopulation* 7.1 Maleliteracyrate 87.2%STpopulation* 14.8 Sexratio(0-6yrs.) 886
*Source:Census2001
Status on RTEnotification of State Rules NotifiedConstitution of SCpCR/REpA Notifiednotification of academic authority Notifiedpolicy on eight year elementary education Notificationissuedno detention Notificationissuedno corporal punishment Notificationissuedno board examination upto elementary level Notificationissuedbanning private tuition Notificationissuedbanning screening procedure and capitation fees
Notificationissued
Minimum working days and instructional hours
Notificationissued
Ason15-03-2012
infrastructure
indicator 2009-10 2010-11
No.ofelementaryschools(Govt.+Aided) 34,334 34,338
Studentclassroomratio(SCR) 34 34
%PrimaryschoolswithSCR>30* 29 28
%U.primaryschoolswithSCR>35* 38 38
%Schoolswithdrinkingwaterfacility 97 98
%Schoolswithtoiletfacility 90 98
%Schoolswithramp 80 81
%Schoolswithplayground 69 73
%Schoolswithboundarywall 87 89
Teachers
indicator 2009-10 2010-11
Totalteachers(Govt.+Aided) 1,93,459 2,03,697
Pupilteacherratio(PTR) 32 31
%PrimaryschoolswithPTR>30* 26 23
%U.primaryschs.withPTR>35* 30 21
%Teacherswithoutprofessionalqualification
1 3
%Singleteacherschools 1 1
*GovernmentSchools Source:DISE
Mapnottoscale
14
Enrolment
indicator 2009-10 2010-11
Totalenrolmentprimarylevel 22,21,119 22,91,835
Totalenrolmentupperprimarylevel 11,15,634 11,84,011
%Girlstototalenrolmentprimarylevel 47 46
%Girlstototalenrolmentupperprimarylevel 47 45
Genderparityindex(GPI)primarylevel 0.89 0.84
Genderparityindex(GPI)upperprimarylevel 0.90 0.82
%SCtototalenrolment 27 28
%STtototalenrolment 0 0
AnnualAveragedrop-outrate(Primary) 0.2 6.2
HaryanaDemographic indicators (Census2011)
Totalpopulation 2.53Cr. Literacy rate 76.6%Urbanpopulation* 29.0 Female literacy rate 66.8%SCpopulation* 19.3 Maleliteracyrate 85.3%STpopulation* 0.0 Sexratio(0-6yrs.) 830
*Source:Census2001
Status on RTEnotification of State Rules NotifiedConstitution of SCpCR/REpA Notifiednotification of academic authority Notifiedpolicy on eight year elementary education In placeno detention Notificationissuedno corporal punishment Notificationissuedno board examination upto elementary level Notificationissuedbanning private tuition Notificationissuedbanning screening procedure and capitation fees
Notificationissued
Minimum working days and instructional hours
Notificationissued
Ason15-03-2012
infrastructure
indicator 2009-10 2010-11
No.ofelementaryschools(Govt.+Aided) 15,565 15,320
Studentclassroomratio(SCR) 32 27
%PrimaryschoolswithSCR>30* 50 49
%U.primaryschoolswithSCR>35* 31 28
%Schoolswithdrinkingwaterfacility 99 99
%Schoolswithtoiletfacility 98 97
%Schoolswithramp 66 57
%Schoolswithplayground 83 76
%Schoolswithboundarywall 95 96
Teachers
indicator 2009-10 2010-11
Totalteachers(Govt.+Aided) 82,784 81,273
Pupilteacherratio(PTR) 30 26
%PrimaryschoolswithPTR>30* 66 63
%U.primaryschs.withPTR>35* 15 9
%Teacherswithoutprofessionalqualification
4 2
%Singleteacherschools 4 5
*GovernmentSchools Source:DISE
Mapnottoscale
15
Enrolment
indicator 2009-10 2010-11
Totalenrolmentprimarylevel 6,23,198 6,25,518
Totalenrolmentupperprimarylevel 4,12,919 4,10,109
%Girlstototalenrolmentprimarylevel 47 48
%Girlstototalenrolmentupperprimarylevel 47 47
Genderparityindex(GPI)primarylevel 0.90 0.91
Genderparityindex(GPI)upperprimarylevel 0.89 0.88
%SCtototalenrolment 28 28
%STtototalenrolment 6 6
AnnualAveragedrop-outrate(Primary) 2.8 -
Himachal PradeshDemographic indicators (Census2011)
Totalpopulation 68.56L Literacy rate 83.8%Urbanpopulation* 9.8 Female literacy rate 76.6%SCpopulation* 24.7 Maleliteracyrate 90.8%STpopulation* 4.0 Sexratio(0-6yrs.) 906
*Source:Census2001
Status on RTEnotification of State Rules NotifiedConstitution of SCpCR/REpA Notifiednotification of academic authority Notifiedpolicy on eight year elementary education In placeno detention Notificationissuedno corporal punishment Notificationissuedno board examination upto elementary level Notificationissuedbanning private tuition Notificationissuedbanning screening procedure and capitation fees
Notificationissued
Minimum working days and instructional hours
Notificationissued
Ason15-03-2012
infrastructure
indicator 2009-10 2010-11
No.ofelementaryschools(Govt.+Aided) 15,125 15,154
Studentclassroomratio(SCR) 15 14
%PrimaryschoolswithSCR>30* 5 4
%U.primaryschoolswithSCR>35* 16 13
%Schoolswithdrinkingwaterfacility 98 98
%Schoolswithtoiletfacility 74 84
%Schoolswithramp 46 46
%Schoolswithplayground 63 66
%Schoolswithboundarywall 50 45
Teachers
indicator 2009-10 2010-11
Totalteachers(Govt.+Aided) 49,736 48,714
Pupilteacherratio(PTR) 16 16
%PrimaryschoolswithPTR>30* 6 5
%U.primaryschs.withPTR>35* 5 4
%Teacherswithoutprofessionalqualification
5 9
%Singleteacherschools 6 5
*GovernmentSchools Source:DISE
Mapnottoscale
16
Enrolment
indicator 2009-10 2010-11
Totalenrolmentprimarylevel 13,08,028 13,10,212
Totalenrolmentupperprimarylevel 6,65,266 6,87,926
%Girlstototalenrolmentprimarylevel 47 47
%Girlstototalenrolmentupperprimarylevel 46 47
Genderparityindex(GPI)primarylevel 0.90 0.90
Genderparityindex(GPI)upperprimarylevel 0.85 0.87
%SCtototalenrolment 8 8
%STtototalenrolment 14 15
AnnualAveragedrop-outrate(Primary) 3.5 1.2
Jammu & KashmirDemographic indicators (Census2011)
Totalpopulation 1.25Cr. Literacy rate 68.7%Urbanpopulation* 24.8 Female literacy rate 58.0%SCpopulation* 7.6 Maleliteracyrate 78.2%STpopulation* 10.9 Sexratio(0-6yrs.) 859
*Source:Census2001
Status on RTEnotification of State Rules
RTEActnotapplicable
Constitution of SCpCR/REpA
notification of academic authority
policy on eight year elementary education
no detention
no corporal punishment
no board examination upto elementary level
banning private tuition
banning screening procedure and capitation fees
Minimum working days and instructional hours
Ason15-03-2012
infrastructure
indicator 2009-10 2010-11
No.ofelementaryschools(Govt.+Aided) 21,311 22,180
Studentclassroomratio(SCR) 17 16
%PrimaryschoolswithSCR>30* 15 11
%U.primaryschoolswithSCR>35* 19 17
%Schoolswithdrinkingwaterfacility 86 87
%Schoolswithtoiletfacility 46 49
%Schoolswithramp 12 12
%Schoolswithplayground 27 38
%Schoolswithboundarywall 30 31
Teachers
indicator 2009-10 2010-11
Totalteachers(Govt.+Aided) 78,609 97,732
Pupilteacherratio(PTR) 16 13
%PrimaryschoolswithPTR>30* 14 9
%U.primaryschs.withPTR>35* 8 5
%Teacherswithoutprofessionalqualification
45 35
%Singleteacherschools 12 9
*GovernmentSchools Source:DISE
Mapnottoscale
17
infrastructure
indicator 2009-10 2010-11
No.ofelementaryschools(Govt.+Aided) 40,899 41,721
Studentclassroomratio(SCR) 47 37
%PrimaryschoolswithSCR>30* 59 49
%U.primaryschoolswithSCR>35* 68 54
%Schoolswithdrinkingwaterfacility 85 87
%Schoolswithtoiletfacility 64 73
%Schoolswithramp 14 31
%Schoolswithplayground 27 31
%Schoolswithboundarywall 22 25
Enrolment
indicator 2009-10 2010-11
Totalenrolmentprimarylevel 49,39,161 50,17,173
Totalenrolmentupperprimarylevel 15,84,772 18,23,571
%Girlstototalenrolmentprimarylevel 50 49
%Girlstototalenrolmentupperprimarylevel 49 49
Genderparityindex(GPI)primarylevel 0.98 0.97
Genderparityindex(GPI)upperprimarylevel 0.95 0.96
%SCtototalenrolment 15 14
%STtototalenrolment 30 29
AnnualAveragedrop-outrate(Primary) 15.8 10.5
JharkhandDemographic indicators (Census2011)
Totalpopulation 3.29Cr. Literacy rate 67.6%Urbanpopulation* 22.2 Female literacy rate 56.2%SCpopulation* 11.8 Maleliteracyrate 78.4%STpopulation* 26.3 Sexratio(0-6yrs.) 943
*Source:Census2001
Status on RTEnotification of State Rules NotifiedConstitution of SCpCR/REpA Notifiednotification of academic authority Notifiedpolicy on eight year elementary education In place no detention Notificationissuedno corporal punishment Notificationissuedno board examination upto elementary level Notificationissuedbanning private tuition Notificationissuedbanning screening procedure and capitation fees
Notificationissued
Minimum working days and instructional hours
Notificationissued
Ason15-03-2012
Teachers
indicator 2009-10 2010-11
Totalteachers(Govt.+Aided) 1,39,630 1,42,736
Pupilteacherratio(PTR) 44 41
%PrimaryschoolswithPTR>30* 64 61
%U.primaryschs.withPTR>35* 69 65
%Teacherswithoutprofessionalqualification
36 55
%Singleteacherschools 8 10
*GovernmentSchools Source:DISE
Mapnottoscale
18
Enrolment
indicator 2009-10 2010-11
Totalenrolmentprimarylevel 5,41,8,842 54,10,240
Totalenrolmentupperprimarylevel 2,21,7,903 22,60,252
%Girlstototalenrolmentprimarylevel 48 48
%Girlstototalenrolmentupperprimarylevel 48 48
Genderparityindex(GPI)primarylevel 0.94 0.93
Genderparityindex(GPI)upperprimarylevel 0.93 0.93
%SCtototalenrolment 19 19
%STtototalenrolment 8 8
AnnualAveragedrop-outrate(Primary) 4.1 3.6
KarnatakaDemographic indicators (Census2011)
Totalpopulation 6.11Cr. Literacy rate 67.7%Urbanpopulation* 34.0 Female literacy rate 68.1%SCpopulation* 16.2 Maleliteracyrate 82.9%STpopulation* 6.6 Sexratio(0-6yrs.) 943
*Source:Census2001
Status on RTEnotification of State Rules In processConstitution of SCpCR/REpA Notifiednotification of academic authority In processpolicy on eight year elementary education In processno detention Notificationissuedno corporal punishment Notificationissuedno board examination upto elementary level Notificationissuedbanning private tuition Notificationissuedbanning screening procedure and capitation fees
Notificationissued
Minimum working days and instructional hours
Notificationissued
Ason15-03-2012
infrastructure
indicator 2009-10 2010-11
No.ofelementaryschools(Govt.+Aided) 49,018 49,204
Studentclassroomratio(SCR) 25 24
%PrimaryschoolswithSCR>30* 8 6
%U.primaryschoolswithSCR>35* 22 17
%Schoolswithdrinkingwaterfacility 70 95
%Schoolswithtoiletfacility 91 95
%Schoolswithramp 55 61
%Schoolswithplayground 54 62
%Schoolswithboundarywall 63 69
Teachers
indicator 2009-10 2010-11
Totalteachers(Govt.+Aided) 2,08,393 2,13,249
Pupilteacherratio(PTR) 27 26
%PrimaryschoolswithPTR>30* 10 8
%U.primaryschs.withPTR>35* 18 14
%Teacherswithoutprofessionalqualification
2 1
%Singleteacherschools 7 7
*GovernmentSchools Source:DISE
Mapnottoscale
19
Enrolment
indicator 2009-10 2010-11
Totalenrolmentprimarylevel 19,87,815 20,16,955
Totalenrolmentupperprimarylevel 13,68,183 14,21,950
%Girlstototalenrolmentprimarylevel 50 49
%Girlstototalenrolmentupperprimarylevel 49 49
Genderparityindex(GPI)primarylevel 0.98 0.98
Genderparityindex(GPI)upperprimarylevel 0.96 0.96
%SCtototalenrolment 11 11
%STtototalenrolment 2 3
AnnualAveragedrop-outrate(Primary) - -
KeralaDemographic indicators (Census2011)
Totalpopulation 3.33Cr. Literacy rate 93.9%Urbanpopulation* 26.0 Female literacy rate 92.0%SCpopulation* 9.8 Maleliteracyrate 96.0%STpopulation* 1.1 Sexratio(0-6yrs.) 959
*Source:Census2001
Status on RTEnotification of State Rules NotifiedConstitution of SCpCR/REpA In processnotification of academic authority Notifiedpolicy on eight year Cementary education In processno detention In processno corporal punishment Notificationissuedno board examination upto elementary level Notificationissuedbanning private tuition Notificationissuedbanning screening procedure and capitation fees
Notificationissued
Minimum working days and instructional hours
In process
Ason15-03-2012
infrastructure
indicator 2009-10 2010-11
No.ofelementaryschools(Govt.+Aided) 11,863 12,018
Studentclassroomratio(SCR) 27 25
%PrimaryschoolswithSCR>30* 17 14
%U.primaryschoolswithSCR>35* 23 15
%Schoolswithdrinkingwaterfacility 99 99
%Schoolswithtoiletfacility 94 95
%Schoolswithramp 62 61
%Schoolswithplayground 69 68
%Schoolswithboundarywall 77 79
Teachers
indicator 2009-10 2010-11
Totalteachers(Govt.+Aided) 1,28,446 1,46,846
Pupilteacherratio(PTR) 24 21
%PrimaryschoolswithPTR>30* 10 8
%U.primaryschs.withPTR>35* 15 7
%Teacherswithoutprofessionalqualification
2 3
%Singleteacherschools 1 0
*GovernmentSchools Source:DISE
Mapnottoscale
20
Enrolment
indicator 2009-10 2010-11
Totalenrolmentprimarylevel 6,880 6,119
Totalenrolmentupperprimarylevel 3,677 4,166
%Girlstototalenrolmentprimarylevel 50 49
%Girlstototalenrolmentupperprimarylevel 50 53
Genderparityindex(GPI)primarylevel 1.01 0.95
Genderparityindex(GPI)upperprimarylevel 0.99 1.11
%SCtototalenrolment 0 0
%STtototalenrolment 99 98
AnnualAveragedrop-outrate(Primary) 4.2 2.4
LakshadweepDemographic indicators (Census2011)
Totalpopulation 0.64L Literacy rate 92.3%Urbanpopulation* 44.5 Female literacy rate 88.3%SCpopulation* 0.0 Maleliteracyrate 96.1%STpopulation* 94.5 Sexratio(0-6yrs.) 908
*Source:Census2001
Status on RTEnotification of State Rules NotifiedConstitution of SCpCR/REpA In processnotification of academic authority In processpolicy on eight year elementary education In processno detention Notificationissuedno corporal punishment Notificationissuedno board examination upto elementary level Notificationissuedbanning private tuition Notificationissuedbanning screening procedure and capitation fees
Notificationissued
Minimum working days and instructional hours
Notificationissued
Ason15-03-2012
infrastructure
indicator 2009-10 2010-11
No.ofelementaryschools(Govt.+Aided) 44 46
Studentclassroomratio(SCR) 22 22
%PrimaryschoolswithSCR>30* 5 5
%U.primaryschoolswithSCR>35* 8 13
%Schoolswithdrinkingwaterfacility 100 100
%Schoolswithtoiletfacility 100 87
%Schoolswithramp 70 59
%Schoolswithplayground 25 26
%Schoolswithboundarywall 57 46
Teachers
indicator 2009-10 2010-11
Totalteachers(Govt.+Aided) 742 727
Pupilteacherratio(PTR) 14 14
%PrimaryschoolswithPTR>30* 5 4
%U.primaryschs.withPTR>35* 0 0
%Teacherswithoutprofessionalqualification
0 2
%Singleteacherschools 0 0*GovernmentSchools Source:DISE
Mapnottoscale
21
Enrolment
indicator 2009-10 2010-11
Totalenrolmentprimarylevel 1,09,27,623 1,07,12,010
Totalenrolmentupperprimarylevel 45,57,366 47,81,679
%Girlstototalenrolmentprimarylevel 49 49
%Girlstototalenrolmentupperprimarylevel 48 49
Genderparityindex(GPI)primarylevel 0.97 0.97
Genderparityindex(GPI)upperprimarylevel 0.94 0.98
%SCtototalenrolment 17 17
%STtototalenrolment 24 24
AnnualAveragedrop-outrate(Primary) 8.2 8.6
Madhya PradeshDemographic indicators (Census2011)
Totalpopulation 7.25Cr. Literacy rate 70.6%Urbanpopulation* 26.5 Female literacy rate 60.0%SCpopulation* 15.2 Maleliteracyrate 80.5%STpopulation* 20.3 Sexratio(0-6yrs.) 912
*Source:Census2001
Status on RTEnotification of State rules NotifiedConstitution of SCpCR/REpA Notifiednotification of academic authority Notifiedpolicy on eight year elementary education In placeno detention Notificationissuedno corporal punishment Notificationissuedno board examination upto elementary level Notificationissuedbanning private tuition Notificationissuedbanning screening procedure and capitation fees
Notificationissued
Minimum working days and instructional hours
Notificationissued
Ason15-03-2012
infrastructure
indicator 2009-10 2010-11
No.ofelementaryschools(Govt.+Aided) 1,12,693 1,13,165
Studentclassroomratio(SCR) 30 29
%PrimaryschoolswithSCR>30* 43 40
%U.primaryschoolswithSCR>35* 35 38
%Schoolswithdrinkingwaterfacility 94 91
%Schoolswithtoiletfacility 78 76
%Schoolswithramp 54 54
%Schoolswithplayground 55 54
%Schoolswithboundarywall 43 42
Teachers
indicator 2009-10 2010-11
Totalteachers(Govt.+Aided) 2,85,392 2,72,727
Pupilteacherratio(PTR) 35 35
%PrimaryschoolswithPTR>30* 62 60
%U.primaryschs.withPTR>35* 46 56
%Teacherswithoutprofessionalqualification
14 10
%Singleteacherschools 14 15
*GovernmentSchools Source:DISE
Mapnottoscale
22
Maharashtra
Mapnottoscale
Enrolment
indicator 2009-10 2010-11
Totalenrolmentprimarylevel 1,03,56,617 1,03,84,478
Totalenrolmentupperprimarylevel 54,97,441 56,97,291
%Girlstototalenrolmentprimarylevel 47 47
%Girlstototalenrolmentupperprimarylevel 47 47
Genderparityindex(GPI)primarylevel 0.89 0.89
Genderparityindex(GPI)upperprimarylevel 0.88 0.88
%SCtototalenrolment 15 14
%STtototalenrolment 12 12
AnnualAveragedrop-outrate(Primary) 3.3 2.1
Demographic indicators (Census2011)Totalpopulation 11.23Cr. Literacy rate 82.9%Urbanpopulation* 42.4 Female literacy rate 75.4%SCpopulation* 10.2 Maleliteracyrate 89.8%STpopulation* 8.9 Sexratio(0-6yrs.) 883
*Source:Census2001
Status on RTEnotification of State rules NotifiedConstitution of SCpCR/REpA Notifiednotification of academic authority Notifiedpolicy on eight year elementary education In processno detention Notificationissuedno corporal punishment Notificationissuedno board examination upto elementary level Notificationissuedbanning private tuition Notificationissuedbanning screening procedure and capitation fees
Notificationissued
Minimum working days and instructional hours
Notificationissued
Ason15-03-2012
infrastructure
indicator 2009-10 2010-11
No.ofelementaryschools(Govt.+Aided) 85,799 87,494
Studentclassroomratio(SCR) 31 31
%PrimaryschoolswithSCR>30* 20 19
%U.primaryschoolswithSCR>35* 26 26
%Schoolswithdrinkingwaterfacility 94 92
%Schoolswithtoiletfacility 92 93
%Schoolswithramp 65 65
%Schoolswithplayground 66 63
%Schoolswithboundarywall 60 59
Teachers
indicator 2009-10 2010-11
Totalteachers(Govt.+Aided) 4,68,907 4,61,703
Pupilteacherratio(PTR) 30 30
%PrimaryschoolswithPTR>30* 20 19
%U.primaryschs.withPTR>35* 18 18
%Teacherswithoutprofessionalqualification
9 1
%Singleteacherschools 4 3
*GovernmentSchools Source:DISE
23
Manipur
Mapnottoscale
Enrolment
indicator 2009-10 2010-11
Totalenrolmentprimarylevel 3,43,935 3,63,833
Totalenrolmentupperprimarylevel 1,26,352 1,39,849
%Girlstototalenrolmentprimarylevel 50 50
%Girlstototalenrolmentupperprimarylevel 50 50
Genderparityindex(GPI)primarylevel 1.00 0.99
Genderparityindex(GPI)upperprimarylevel 1.00 0.98
%SCtototalenrolment 3 4
%STtototalenrolment 45 45
AnnualAveragedrop-outrate(Primary) 10.5 9.1
Demographic indicators (Census2011)Totalpopulation 27.21L Literacy rate 79.9%Urbanpopulation* 23.9 Female literacy rate 73.2%SCpopulation* 2.8 Maleliteracyrate 86.5%STpopulation* 34.2 Sexratio(0-6yrs.) 934
*Source:Census2001
Status on RTEnotification of State rules NotifiedConstitution of SCpCR/REpA In processnotification of academic authority Notifiedpolicy on eight year elementary education In placeno detention Notificationissuedno corporal punishment Notificationissuedno board examination upto elementary level Notificationissuedbanning private tuition Notificationissuedbanning screening procedure and capitation fees
Notificationissued
Minimum working days and instructional hours
Notificationissued
Ason15-03-2012
infrastructure
indicator 2009-10 2010-11
No.ofelementaryschools(Govt.+Aided) 3,084 2,975
Studentclassroomratio(SCR) 20 22
%PrimaryschoolswithSCR>30* 12 11
%U.primaryschoolswithSCR>35* 9 8
%Schoolswithdrinkingwaterfacility 92 89
%Schoolswithtoiletfacility 57 60
%Schoolswithramp 6 5
%Schoolswithplayground 54 56
%Schoolswithboundarywall 32 30
Teachers
indicator 2009-10 2010-11
Totalteachers(Govt.+Aided) 13,346 16,050
Pupilteacherratio(PTR) 20 19
%PrimaryschoolswithPTR>30* 29 20
%U.primaryschs.withPTR>35* 14 9
%Teacherswithoutprofessionalqualification
50 29
%Singleteacherschools 12 10
*GovernmentSchools Source:DISE
24
Enrolment
indicator 2009-10 2010-11
Totalenrolmentprimarylevel 4,70,689 5,07,945
Totalenrolmentupperprimarylevel 1,35,638 1,52,184
%Girlstototalenrolmentprimarylevel 50 50
%Girlstototalenrolmentupperprimarylevel 53 53
Genderparityindex(GPI)primarylevel 1.01 1.02
Genderparityindex(GPI)upperprimarylevel 1.13 1.12
%SCtototalenrolment 1 1
%STtototalenrolment 92 92
AnnualAveragedrop-outrate(Primary) 17.3 12.7
MeghalayaDemographic indicators (Census2011)
Totalpopulation 29.64L Literacy rate 75.5%Urbanpopulation* 19.6 Female literacy rate 73.8%SCpopulation* 0.5 Maleliteracyrate 77.2%STpopulation* 85.9 Sexratio(0-6yrs.) 970
*Source:Census2001
Status on RTEnotification of State rules NotifiedConstitution of SCpCR/REpA Notifiednotification of academic authority Notifiedpolicy on eight year elementary education In placeno detention Notificationissuedno corporal punishment Notificationissuedno board examination upto elementary level Notificationissuedbanning private tuition Notificationissuedbanning screening procedure and capitation fees
Notificationissued
Minimum working days and instructional hours
Notificationissued
Ason15-03-2012
infrastructure
indicator 2009-10 2010-11
No.ofelementaryschools(Govt.+Aided) 10,693 11,051
Studentclassroomratio(SCR) 18 18
%PrimaryschoolswithSCR>30* 17 17
%U.primaryschoolswithSCR>35* 13 7
%Schoolswithdrinkingwaterfacility 61 59
%Schoolswithtoiletfacility 52 53
%Schoolswithramp 12 16
%Schoolswithplayground 37 36
%Schoolswithboundarywall 18 19
Teachers
indicator 2009-10 2010-11
Totalteachers(Govt.+Aided) 33,675 35,284
Pupilteacherratio(PTR) 16 16
%PrimaryschoolswithPTR>30* 12 14
%U.primaryschs.withPTR>35* 7 2
%Teacherswithoutprofessionalqualification
70 60
%Singleteacherschools 11 10
*GovernmentSchools Source:DISE
Mapnottoscale
25
Enrolment
indicator 2009-10 2010-11
Totalenrolmentprimarylevel 1,81,367 1,74,025
Totalenrolmentupperprimarylevel 65,242 61,302
%Girlstototalenrolmentprimarylevel 48 48
%Girlstototalenrolmentupperprimarylevel 49 48
Genderparityindex(GPI)primarylevel 0.94 0.91
Genderparityindex(GPI)upperprimarylevel 0.97 0.92
%SCtototalenrolment 0 0
%STtototalenrolment 99 98
AnnualAveragedrop-outrate(Primary) 5.3 12.0
MizoramDemographic indicators (Census2011)
Totalpopulation 10.91L Literacy rate 91.6%Urbanpopulation* 49.6 Female literacy rate 89.4%SCpopulation* 0.0 Maleliteracyrate 93.7%STpopulation* 94.5 Sexratio(0-6yrs.) 971
Status on RTEnotification of State rules NotifiedConstitution of SCpCR/REpA Notifiednotification of academic authority Notifiedpolicy on eight year elementary education Notificationissuedno detention Notificationissuedno corporal punishment Notificationawaitedno board examination upto elementary level
Notificationissued
banning private tuition Notificationawaitedbanning screening procedure and capitation fees
Notificationissued
Minimum working days and instructional hours
Notificationissued
Ason15-03-2012
infrastructure
indicator 2009-10 2010-11
No.ofelementaryschools(Govt.+Aided) 2,482 2,404
Studentclassroomratio(SCR) 19 18
%PrimaryschoolswithSCR>30* 10 9
%U.primaryschoolswithSCR>35* 16 8
%Schoolswithdrinkingwaterfacility 86 86
%Schoolswithtoiletfacility 92 90
%Schoolswithramp 39 41
%Schoolswithplayground 20 32
%Schoolswithboundarywall 42 58
Teachers
indicator 2009-10 2010-11
Totalteachers(Govt.+Aided) 12,980 12,438
Pupilteacherratio(PTR) 15 14
%PrimaryschoolswithPTR>30* 19 22
%U.primaryschs.withPTR>35* 4 2
%Teacherswithoutprofessionalqualification
32 26
%Singleteacherschools 3 4
*GovernmentSchools Source:DISE
Mapnottoscale
26
Enrolment
indicator 2009-10 2010-11
Totalenrolmentprimarylevel 2,78,190 2,87,726
Totalenrolmentupperprimarylevel 1,23,221 1,23,657
%Girlstototalenrolmentprimarylevel 49 49
%Girlstototalenrolmentupperprimarylevel 49 49
Genderparityindex(GPI)primarylevel 0.95 0.96
Genderparityindex(GPI)upperprimarylevel 0.96 0.98
%SCtototalenrolment 0 0
%STtototalenrolment 92 92
AnnualAveragedrop-outrate(Primary) 11.4 5.2
NagalandDemographic indicators (Census2011)
Totalpopulation 19.8L Literacy rate 80.1%Urbanpopulation* 17.2 Female literacy rate 76.7%SCpopulation* 0.0 Maleliteracyrate 83.3%STpopulation* 89.1 Sexratio(0-6yrs.) 944
*Source:Census2001
Status on RTEnotification of State rules NotifiedConstitution of SCpCR/REpA In processnotification of academic authority Notifiedpolicy on eight year elementary education In place no detention Notificationawaitedno corporal punishment Notificationawaitedno board examination upto elementary level Notificationawaitedbanning private tuition Notificationawaitedbanning screening procedure and capitation fees
Notificationawaited
Minimum working days and instructional hours
Notificationissued
Ason15-03-2012
infrastructure
indicator 2009-10 2010-11
No.ofelementaryschools(Govt.+Aided) 2,007 2,101
Studentclassroomratio(SCR) 21 20
%PrimaryschoolswithSCR>30* 5 9
%U.primaryschoolswithSCR>35* 19 17
%Schoolswithdrinkingwaterfacility 84 75
%Schoolswithtoiletfacility 97 91
%Schoolswithramp 8 27
%Schoolswithplayground 43 47
%Schoolswithboundarywall 76 75
Teachers
indicator 2009-10 2010-11
Totalteachers(Govt.+Aided) 12,799 12,117
Pupilteacherratio(PTR) 19 20
%PrimaryschoolswithPTR>30* 12 16
%U.primaryschs.withPTR>35* 7 5
%Teacherswithoutprofessionalqualification
72 31
%Singleteacherschools 4 3
*GovernmentSchools Source:DISE
Mapnottoscale
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Enrolment
indicator 2009-10 2010-11
Totalenrolmentprimarylevel 43,66,931 44,67,851
Totalenrolmentupperprimarylevel 16,22,581 20,88,574
%Girlstototalenrolmentprimarylevel 49 49
%Girlstototalenrolmentupperprimarylevel 49 49
Genderparityindex(GPI)primarylevel 0.95 0.95
Genderparityindex(GPI)upperprimarylevel 0.94 0.95
%SCtototalenrolment 20 19
%STtototalenrolment 28 27
AnnualAveragedrop-outrate(Primary) 6.3 6.1
OdishaDemographic indicators (Census2011)
Totalpopulation 4.19Cr. Literacy rate 73.4%Urbanpopulation* 14.8 Female literacy rate 64.4%SCpopulation* 16.5 Maleliteracyrate 82.4%STpopulation* 22.1 Sexratio(0-6yrs.) 934
*Source:Census2001
Status on RTEnotification of State rules NotifiedConstitution of SCpCR/REpA Notifiednotification of academic authority Notifiedpolicy on eight year elementary education In processno detention Notificationissuedno corporal punishment Notificationissuedno board examination upto elementary level Notificationissuedbanning private tuition Notificationawaitedbanning screening procedure and capitation fees
Notificationissued
Minimum working days and instructional hours
Notificationissued
Ason15-03-2012
infrastructure
indicator 2009-10 2010-11
No.ofelementaryschools(Govt.+Aided) 54,884 61,381
Studentclassroomratio(SCR) 30 27
%PrimaryschoolswithSCR>30* 29 28
%U.primaryschoolswithSCR>35* 44 37
%Schoolswithdrinkingwaterfacility 89 89
%Schoolswithtoiletfacility 86 80
%Schoolswithramp 36 38
%Schoolswithplayground 23 29
%Schoolswithboundarywall 58 59
Teachers
indicator 2009-10 2010-11
Totalteachers(Govt.+Aided) 1,68,391 2,15,215
Pupilteacherratio(PTR) 33 26
%PrimaryschoolswithPTR>30* 39 39
%U.primaryschs.withPTR>35* 50 41
%Teacherswithoutprofessionalqualification
19 18
%Singleteacherschools 12 13
*GovernmentSchools Source:DISE
Mapnottoscale
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Enrolment
indicator 2009-10 2010-11
Totalenrolmentprimarylevel 1,12,795 1,10,466
Totalenrolmentupperprimarylevel 71,199 72,161
%Girlstototalenrolmentprimarylevel 49 49
%Girlstototalenrolmentupperprimarylevel 48 48
Genderparityindex(GPI)primarylevel 0.94 0.95
Genderparityindex(GPI)upperprimarylevel 0.92 0.93
%SCtototalenrolment 19 19
%STtototalenrolment 0 0
AnnualAveragedrop-outrate(Primary) - 0.4
PuducherryDemographic indicators (Census2011)
Totalpopulation 12.44L Literacy rate 86.6%Urbanpopulation* 66.6 Female literacy rate 81.2%SCpopulation* 16.2 Maleliteracyrate 92.1%STpopulation* 0.0 Sexratio(0-6yrs.) 965
*Source:Census2001
Status on RTEnotification of State rules NotifiedConstitution of SCpCR/REpA In processnotification of academic authority Notifiedpolicy on eight year elementary education In placeno detention Notificationissuedno corporal punishment Notificationissuedno board examination upto elementary level Notificationissuedbanning private tuition Notificationissuedbanning screening procedure and capitation fees
Notificationissued
Minimum working days and instructional hours
Notificationissued
Ason15-03-2012
infrastructure
indicator 2009-10 2010-11
No.ofelementaryschools(Govt.+Aided) 469 474
Studentclassroomratio(SCR) 21 23
%PrimaryschoolswithSCR>30* 18 9
%U.primaryschoolswithSCR>35* 11 18
%Schoolswithdrinkingwaterfacility 100 100
%Schoolswithtoiletfacility 97 98
%Schoolswithramp 52 51
%Schoolswithplayground 52 64
%Schoolswithboundarywall 86 87
Teachers
indicator 2009-10 2010-11
Totalteachers(Govt.+Aided) 6,152 6,619
Pupilteacherratio(PTR) 17 16
%PrimaryschoolswithPTR>30* 6 5
%U.primaryschs.withPTR>35* 7 2
%Teacherswithoutprofessionalqualification
1 2
%Singleteacherschools 0 1
*GovernmentSchools Source:DISE
Mapnottoscale
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Enrolment
indicator 2009-10 2010-11
Totalenrolmentprimarylevel 18,50,638 25,63,140
Totalenrolmentupperprimarylevel 10,57,686 14,01,287
%Girlstototalenrolmentprimarylevel 45 44
%Girlstototalenrolmentupperprimarylevel 45 44
Genderparityindex(GPI)primarylevel 0.83 0.80
Genderparityindex(GPI)upperprimarylevel 0.82 0.78
%SCtototalenrolment 46 38
%STtototalenrolment 0 0
AnnualAveragedrop-outrate(Primary) 4.7 1.8
PunjabDemographic indicators (Census2011)
Totalpopulation 2.77Cr. Literacy rate 76.7%Urbanpopulation* 34.0 Female literacy rate 71.3%SCpopulation* 28.9 Maleliteracyrate 81.5%STpopulation* 0.0 Sexratio(0-6yrs.) 846
*Source:Census2001
Status on RTEnotification of State rules NotifiedConstitution of SCpCR/REpA Notifiednotification of academic authority Notifiedpolicy on eight year elementary education In place no detention Notificationissuedno corporal punishment Notificationissuedno board examination upto elementary level Notificationissuedbanning private tuition Notificationissuedbanning screening procedure and capitation fees
Notificationissued
Minimum working days and instructional hours
Notificationissued
Ason15-03-2012
infrastructure
indicator 2009-10 2010-11
No.ofelementaryschools(Govt.+Aided) 20,466 20,718
Studentclassroomratio(SCR) 23 21
%PrimaryschoolswithSCR>30* 28 28
%U.primaryschoolswithSCR>35* 17 22
%Schoolswithdrinkingwaterfacility 99 100
%Schoolswithtoiletfacility 100 100
%Schoolswithramp 53 54
%Schoolswithplayground 69 73
%Schoolswithboundarywall 91 95
Teachers
indicator 2009-10 2010-11
Totalteachers(Govt.+Aided) 81,898 1,11,307
Pupilteacherratio(PTR) 28 19
%PrimaryschoolswithPTR>30* 39 41
%U.primaryschs.withPTR>35* 14 4
%Teacherswithoutprofessionalqualification
4 2
%Singleteacherschools 3 4
*GovernmentSchools Source:DISE
Mapnottoscale
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Enrolment
indicator 2009-10 2010-11
Totalenrolmentprimarylevel 86,27,768 84,32,836
Totalenrolmentupperprimarylevel 35,47,361 35,70,991
%Girlstototalenrolmentprimarylevel 47 47
%Girlstototalenrolmentupperprimarylevel 43 44
Genderparityindex(GPI)primarylevel 0.87 0.88
Genderparityindex(GPI)upperprimarylevel 0.74 0.78
%SCtototalenrolment 19 20
%STtototalenrolment 15 16
AnnualAveragedrop-outrate(Primary) 10.5 10.8
RajasthanDemographic indicators (Census2011)
Totalpopulation 6.86Cr. Literacy rate 67.1%Urbanpopulation* 23.4 Female literacy rate 52.7%SCpopulation* 17.2 Maleliteracyrate 80.5%STpopulation* 12.6 Sexratio(0-6yrs.) 883
*Source:Census2001
Status on RTEnotification of State rules NotifiedConstitution of SCpCR/REpA Notifiednotification of academic authority Notifiedpolicy on eight year elementary education In place no detention Notificationissuedno corporal punishment Notificationissuedno board examination upto elementary level Notificationissuedbanning private tuition Notificationissuedbanning screening procedure and capitation fees
Notificationissued
Minimum working days and instructional hours
In process
Ason15-03-2012
infrastructure
indicator 2009-10 2010-11
No.ofelementaryschools(Govt.+Aided) 81,832 78,429
Studentclassroomratio(SCR) 24 23
%PrimaryschoolswithSCR>30* 21 20
%U.primaryschoolswithSCR>35* 20 21
%Schoolswithdrinkingwaterfacility 96 95
%Schoolswithtoiletfacility 89 93
%Schoolswithramp 51 55
%Schoolswithplayground 43 47
%Schoolswithboundarywall 72 76
Teachers
indicator 2009-10 2010-11
Totalteachers(Govt.+Aided) 2,85,366 2,77,435
Pupilteacherratio(PTR) 27 26
%PrimaryschoolswithPTR>30* 45 43
%U.primaryschs.withPTR>35* 26 25
%Teacherswithoutprofessionalqualification
7 3
%Singleteacherschools 17 15
*GovernmentSchools Source:DISE
Mapnottoscale
31
Enrolment
indicator 2009-10 2010-11
Totalenrolmentprimarylevel 88,262 89,837
Totalenrolmentupperprimarylevel 35,840 36,705
%Girlstototalenrolmentprimarylevel 49 48
%Girlstototalenrolmentupperprimarylevel 54 54
Genderparityindex(GPI)primarylevel 0.96 0.94
Genderparityindex(GPI)upperprimarylevel 1.19 1.19
%SCtototalenrolment 7 7
%STtototalenrolment 36 37
AnnualAveragedrop-outrate(Primary) 4.5 7.1
SikkimDemographic indicators (Census2011)
Totalpopulation 6.07L Literacy rate 82.2%Urbanpopulation* 11.1 Female literacy rate 76.4%SCpopulation* 5.0 Maleliteracyrate 87.3%STpopulation* 20.6 Sexratio(0-6yrs.) 944
*Source:Census2001
Status on RTEnotification of State rules NotifiedConstitution of SCpCR/REpA Notifiednotification of academic authority Notifiedpolicy on eight year elementary education In placeno detention Notificationissuedno corporal punishment Notificationissuedno board examination upto elementary level Notificationissuedbanning private tuition Notificationawaitedbanning screening procedure and capitation fees
Notificationawaited
Minimum working days and instructional hours
Notificationissued
Ason15-03-2012
infrastructure
indicator 2009-10 2010-11
No.ofelementaryschools(Govt.+Aided) 944 931
Studentclassroomratio(SCR) 15 14
%PrimaryschoolswithSCR>30* 2 2
%U.primaryschoolswithSCR>35* 5 6
%Schoolswithdrinkingwaterfacility 97 98
%Schoolswithtoiletfacility 100 100
%Schoolswithramp 6 6
%Schoolswithplayground 62 64
%Schoolswithboundarywall 27 29
Teachers
indicator 2009-10 2010-11
Totalteachers(Govt.+Aided) 8,473 8,569
Pupilteacherratio(PTR) 12 12
%PrimaryschoolswithPTR>30* 1 1
%U.primaryschs.withPTR>35* 3 1
%Teacherswithoutprofessionalqualification
55 19
%Singleteacherschools 1 2
*GovernmentSchools Source:DISE
Mapnottoscale
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Enrolment
indicator 2009-10 2010-11
Totalenrolmentprimarylevel 61,90,928 61,10,219
Totalenrolmentupperprimarylevel 37,33,633 36,87,045
%Girlstototalenrolmentprimarylevel 49 49
%Girlstototalenrolmentupperprimarylevel 48 48
Genderparityindex(GPI)primarylevel 0.94 0.95
Genderparityindex(GPI)upperprimarylevel 0.93 0.94
%SCtototalenrolment 24 24
%STtototalenrolment 2 2
AnnualAveragedrop-outrate(Primary) 0.1 1.2
Tamil NaduDemographic indicators (Census2011)
Totalpopulation 7.21Cr. Literacy rate 80.3%Urbanpopulation* 44.0 Female literacy rate 73.9%SCpopulation* 19.0 Maleliteracyrate 86.8%STpopulation* 1.0 Sexratio(0-6yrs.) 946
*Source:Census2001
Status on RTEnotification of State rules NotifiedConstitution of SCpCR/REpA In processnotification of academic authority Notifiedpolicy on eight year elementary education In place no detention Notificationissuedno corporal punishment Notificationissuedno board examination upto elementary level Notificationissuedbanning private tuition Notificationissuedbanning screening procedure and capitation fees
Notificationissued
Minimum working days and instructional hours
Notificationissued
Ason15-03-2012
infrastructure
indicator 2009-10 2010-11
No.ofelementaryschools(Govt.+Aided) 44,040 44,553
Studentclassroomratio(SCR) 27 27
%PrimaryschoolswithSCR>30* 16 13
%U.primaryschoolswithSCR>35* 30 28
%Schoolswithdrinkingwaterfacility 100 100
%Schoolswithtoiletfacility 94 95
%Schoolswithramp 57 59
%Schoolswithplayground 77 77
%Schoolswithboundarywall 67 72
Teachers
indicator 2009-10 2010-11
Totalteachers(Govt.+Aided) 2,08,642 2,07,028
Pupilteacherratio(PTR) 30 29
%PrimaryschoolswithPTR>30* 27 20
%U.primaryschs.withPTR>35* 38 29
%Teacherswithoutprofessionalqualification
1 2
%Singleteacherschools 2 3
*GovernmentSchools Source:DISE
Mapnottoscale
33
Enrolment
indicator 2009-10 2010-11
Totalenrolmentprimarylevel 4,44,516 3,94,418
Totalenrolmentupperprimarylevel 2,19,303 2,15,680
%Girlstototalenrolmentprimarylevel 49 49
%Girlstototalenrolmentupperprimarylevel 49 49
Genderparityindex(GPI)primarylevel 0.95 0.96
Genderparityindex(GPI)upperprimarylevel 0.97 0.97
%SCtototalenrolment 20 20
%STtototalenrolment 40 40
AnnualAveragedrop-outrate(Primary) 8.8 11.9
TripuraDemographic indicators (Census2011)
Totalpopulation 36.71L Literacy rate 87.8%Urbanpopulation* 17.0 Female literacy rate 83.2%SCpopulation* 17.4 Maleliteracyrate 92.2%STpopulation* 31.8 Sexratio(0-6yrs.) 953
*Source:Census2001
Status on RTEnotification of State rules NotifiedConstitution of SCpCR/REpA In processnotification of academic authority Notifiedpolicy on eight year elementary education In placeno detention Notificationissuedno corporal punishment Notificationissuedno board examination upto elementary level Notificationissuedbanning private tuition Notificationissuedbanning screening procedure and capitation fees
Notificationissued
Minimum working days and instructional hours
Notificationawaited
Ason15-03-2012
infrastructure
indicator 2009-10 2010-11
No.ofelementaryschools(Govt.+Aided) 4,191 4,265
Studentclassroomratio(SCR) 27 25
%PrimaryschoolswithSCR>30* 12 9
%U.primaryschoolswithSCR>35* 37 34
%Schoolswithdrinkingwaterfacility 79 82
%Schoolswithtoiletfacility 71 80
%Schoolswithramp 56 57
%Schoolswithplayground 58 63
%Schoolswithboundarywall 13 13
Teachers
indicator 2009-10 2010-11
Totalteachers(Govt.+Aided) 26,762 30,499
Pupilteacherratio(PTR) 24 19
%PrimaryschoolswithPTR>30* 16 10
%U.primaryschs.withPTR>35* 26 13
%Teacherswithoutprofessionalqualification
57 29
%Singleteacherschools 1 1
*GovernmentSchools Source:DISE
Mapnottoscale
34
Enrolment
indicator 2009-10 2010-11
Totalenrolmentprimarylevel 2,39,33,247 2,40,43,102
Totalenrolmentupperprimarylevel 76,04,400 79,75,985
%Girlstototalenrolmentprimarylevel 49 49
%Girlstototalenrolmentupperprimarylevel 50 51
Genderparityindex(GPI)primarylevel 0.98 0.98
Genderparityindex(GPI)upperprimarylevel 1.00 1.03
%SCtototalenrolment 27 28
%STtototalenrolment 1 1
AnnualAveragedrop-outrate(Primary) 16.7 11.1
Uttar PradeshDemographic indicators (Census2011)
Totalpopulation 19.95Cr. Literacy rate 69.7%Urbanpopulation* 20.8 Female literacy rate 59.3%SCpopulation* 21.1 Maleliteracyrate 79.2%STpopulation* 0.1 Sexratio(0-6yrs.) 899
*Source:Census2001
Status on RTEnotification of State rules NotifiedConstitution of SCpCR/REpA In processnotification of academic authority Notifiedpolicy on eight year elementary education In placeno detention Notificationissuedno corporal punishment Notificationissuedno board examination upto elementary level Notificationissuedbanning private tuition Notificationissuedbanning screening procedure and capitation fees
Notificationissued
Minimum working days and instructional hours
Notificationissued
Ason15-03-2012
infrastructure
indicator 2009-10 2010-11
No.ofelementaryschools(Govt.+Aided) 1,54,809 1,59,489
Studentclassroomratio(SCR) 36 35
%PrimaryschoolswithSCR>30* 59 56
%U.primaryschoolswithSCR>35* 23 21
%Schoolswithdrinkingwaterfacility 98 98
%Schoolswithtoiletfacility 83 90
%Schoolswithramp 59 72
%Schoolswithplayground 62 76
%Schoolswithboundarywall 52 54
Teachers
indicator 2009-10 2010-11
Totalteachers(Govt.+Aided) 5,10,886 5,31,444
Pupilteacherratio(PTR) 45 44
%PrimaryschoolswithPTR>30* 65 63
%U.primaryschs.withPTR>35* 48 47
%Teacherswithoutprofessionalqualification
28 28
%Singleteacherschools 8 9
*GovernmentSchools Source:DISE
Mapnottoscale
35
Enrolment
indicator 2009-10 2010-11
Totalenrolmentprimarylevel 10,44,735 10,84,260
Totalenrolmentupperprimarylevel 5,34,994 5,54,232
%Girlstototalenrolmentprimarylevel 48 48
%Girlstototalenrolmentupperprimarylevel 49 49
Genderparityindex(GPI)primarylevel 0.93 0.91
Genderparityindex(GPI)upperprimarylevel 0.95 0.94
%SCtototalenrolment 26 26
%STtototalenrolment 3 3
AnnualAveragedrop-outrate(Primary) 9.9 5.8
UttarakhandDemographic indicators (Census2011)
Totalpopulation 1.01Cr. Literacy rate 79.6%Urbanpopulation* 25.7 Female literacy rate 70.7%SCpopulation* 17.9 Maleliteracyrate 88.3%STpopulation* 3.0 Sexratio(0-6yrs.) 886
*Source:Census2001
Status on RTEnotification of State rules NotifiedConstitution of SCpCR/REpA Notifiednotification of academic authority Notifiedpolicy on eight year elementary education In placeno detention Notificationissuedno corporal punishment Notificationissuedno board examination upto elementary level Notificationissuedbanning private tuition Notificationissuedbanning screening procedure and capitation fees
Notificationissued
Minimum working days and instructional hours
Notificationissued
Ason15-03-2012
infrastructure
indicator 2009-10 2010-11
No.ofelementaryschools(Govt.+Aided) 17,857 17,897
Studentclassroomratio(SCR) 19 19
%PrimaryschoolswithSCR>30* 15 14
%U.primaryschoolswithSCR>35* 11 11
%Schoolswithdrinkingwaterfacility 90 93
%Schoolswithtoiletfacility 88 91
%Schoolswithramp 35 37
%Schoolswithplayground 59 58
%Schoolswithboundarywall 78 80
Teachers
indicator 2009-10 2010-11
Totalteachers(Govt.+Aided) 47,701 48,634
Pupilteacherratio(PTR) 23 23
%PrimaryschoolswithPTR>30* 24 23
%U.primaryschs.withPTR>35* 11 8
%Teacherswithoutprofessionalqualification
9 6
%Singleteacherschools 13 14
*GovernmentSchools Source:DISE
Mapnottoscale
36
Enrolment
indicator 2009-10 2010-11
Totalenrolmentprimarylevel 1,05,45,319 1,02,31,570
Totalenrolmentupperprimarylevel 44,95,475 47,00,195
%Girlstototalenrolmentprimarylevel 49 49
%Girlstototalenrolmentupperprimarylevel 51 52
Genderparityindex(GPI)primarylevel 0.98 0.98
Genderparityindex(GPI)upperprimarylevel 1.06 1.07
%SCtototalenrolment 27 27
%STtototalenrolment 7 7
AnnualAveragedrop-outrate(Primary) 8.7 6.5
West BengalDemographic indicators (Census2011)
Totalpopulation 9.13Cr. Literacy rate 77.1%Urbanpopulation* 27.9 Female literacy rate 71.2%SCpopulation* 23.0 Maleliteracyrate 82.7%STpopulation* 5.5 Sexratio(0-6yrs.) 950
*Source:Census2001
Status on RTEnotification of State rules NotifiedConstitution of SCpCR/REpA Notifiednotification of academic authority Notifiedpolicy on eight year elementary education In placeno detention Notificationissuedno corporal punishment Notificationissuedno board examination upto elementary level Notificationissuedbanning private tuition Notificationissuedbanning screening procedure and capitation fees
Notificationissued
Minimum working days and instructional hours
Notificationissued
Ason15-03-2012
infrastructure
indicator 2009-10 2010-11
No.ofelementaryschools(Govt.+Aided) 77,936 79,728
Studentclassroomratio(SCR) 42 40
%PrimaryschoolswithSCR>30* 61 56
%U.primaryschoolswithSCR>35* 78 75
%Schoolswithdrinkingwaterfacility 96 95
%Schoolswithtoiletfacility 90 91
%Schoolswithramp 50 49
%Schoolswithplayground 37 34
%Schoolswithboundarywall 0 33
Teachers
indicator 2009-10 2010-11
Totalteachers(Govt.+Aided) 3,18,637 4,20,485
Pupilteacherratio(PTR) 39 30
%PrimaryschoolswithPTR>30* 59 45
%U.primaryschs.withPTR>35* 69 39
%Teacherswithoutprofessionalqualification
34 41
%Singleteacherschools 6 3
*GovernmentSchools Source:DISE
Mapnottoscale
37
Chapter 1: preliminary
Section 2defineswordsandexpressionsusedintheAct.
Chapter 2: Right to Free and Compulsory Education
Section 3providestoeverychildoftheageofsixtofourteen years the right to free and compulsory educationinaneighbourhoodschooltillthecompletionofelementaryeducation.Theideaofneighbourhood schools can be traced to theNational System ofEducation aselaborated in theKothariCommissionreport,wherebytheneighbourhood school is meant tobeacommonspace,whereallchildrencuttingacrosscaste, class, gender lines learn together in thebestinclusivemanner.Itisthereforemeanttobeasiteforinclusion,sothattheschoolbecomesacommonspaceforeducation.ThisconcepthasbeenincorporatedintheRTEAct.
Inproviding for the rightofevery child to freeandcompulsoryeducationinaneighbourhoodschool,theRTEActdoesnotrestrictthechoiceofthechildtoseekadmission in a school whichmay not be in theneighbourhoodofthechild’sresidence.Inotherwords,thereisnocompulsiononthechildtoseekadmissiononly in the school in his or her neighbourhood.
Theterm‘freeeducation’isexplainedtomeanthatnochildshallbeliabletopayanykindoffeeorchargesor expenseswhichmay prevent him or her frompursuingandcompletingelementaryeducation.Theterm‘freeeducation’mustbereadinconsonancewiththeprovisionsofsection12(1)(a)-(c)whichspecifytheextent of the school’s responsibility for free andcompulsoryeducation.
ItfurtherprovidesthattheprovisionsofthePersonswithDisabilities(EqualOpportunities,ProtectionandFullParticipation)Act,1996willapplyinthecaseofchildrensufferingfromdisabilityasdefinedunderthatAct.
Section 4provideschildrenabovesixyears,whohaveeithernotbeenadmittedtoanyschoolor,havingbeenadmittedhavenotcompletedelementaryeducationandhavedroppedout,therighttobeadmittedtoaschool in a class appropriate to his or her age for completingelementaryeducation.
Amajority of out-of-school children belong todisadvantaged communities: scheduled castes,scheduledtribes,Muslimminorities,migrants,childrenwithspecialneeds,urbandeprivedchildren,workingchildren, children in difficult circumstances, forexample,thoselivingindifficultterrain,childrenfromdisplacedfamilies,andareasaffectedbycivilstrife,etc.Thisprovision in theRTEAct enables theseout-of-schoolchildrentobeadmittedtoanage-appropriateclassandcompleteelementaryeducation.Theoverallobjective of age appropriate admission for thesechildren is to save them from thehumiliation andembarrassmentofsittingwithyoungerchildren.Whenolder children are forced to sit in a class younger than theirage,theytendtobeteased,taunted,sufferlowerself esteem, and consequently drop out. TheActfacilitatesachildadmittedtoanageappropriateclasstobegivenSpecialTrainingtoenablehimorhertobeat parwith other children. Given the varied lifeexperiencesofthesechildren,it isrecognisedinthefieldofeducation that theirmental capabilities arehigherthanthatofentrylevel6-yearoldchildren,andthattheyareindeedcapableofacceleratedlearning.At theendof theSpecial Training, the childwill beassessedandhis/hersuitabilityforbeingplacedinaparticularclasswillbereviewed.Forexample,ifa10-yearoldchildwasadmittedtoclassIV,andreceivedtwoyearsofSpecialTrainingtillage12,anassessmentmaybemadeastowhetherthechildcouldcopebetterin classVorVI in the formal school, and the childappropriatelyplaced.IfsuchchildisfoundsuitableforclassV,she/hewillbeplaced inclassV, ratherthanmechanicallybeingplacedinclassVI–becauseifshe/
RTE Act: The Rationale
38
heismechanicallyplacedinclassVI,she/hemightagaindropout,andthatwoulddefeatthewholepurposeofthisprovision.Thatistherationalefortheprovisionthatallowsthechildtobeprovidedfreeandcompulsoryeducationevenbeyondage14.Evenafterachild isappropriately placed in the formal school she may continuetoreceivespecialattentionbytheteachertoenablehertosuccessfullyintegratewiththerestoftheclass,academicallyandemotionally.
The SSA Framework of Implementation has beenrevised to provide support for Special Training asenvisagedunder theRTEAct toensure thatout-of-schoolchildrenareintegratedintotheschoolsystem.Suchsupportwillbeintheformofresidentialornon-residentialcourses,asneededandsuchchildrenwillcontinueevenbeyond14yearsof age to completeelementaryeducation.Thecountry is committed tocreatinganeducatedcitizenryandenvironment,andthereforeitwouldnotbeappropriatetoimposeanageceiling for these children to complete elementary education.
The obligation under section 4 is on the schoolsestablished by the State Government and localauthority.Privateaidedandunaidedinstitutionshavenoobligationsundersection4.
Section 5provideschildrentherighttoseektransferfromaGovernmentorGovernmentaidedschool toanother such school in order to complete elementary education and for immediate issue of TransferCertificate to a child seeking admission to anotherschool. It provides thatdelay inproducingTransferCertificateshallnotbeareasonfordenyingordelayingadmissioninanotherschool.Thisprovisionshouldleadto States instituting reform to remove proceduralbarrierstoobtainingTransferCertificates.
Chapter-iii: Duties of Appropriate government, local Authority and parents.
Section 6:Therationaleofthisprovisionistoprovideallchildrenaccesstoelementaryeducation.Universalaccessrequiresschoolingfacilitieswithinreasonablereachofallchildren. Ifschoolsarenot locatedinornear thehabitationswherechildrenreside,children
maynotcompleteschooling,eveniftheyareformallyenrolledinschools,onaccountofdistancefactors.TheRTE Act therefore mandates the appropriategovernments and local authorities to provide forchildren’s access to elementary schools within the definedareaorlimitsofneighbourhood.
TheRTEActdeliberatelydoesnotdefinethelimitsorarea of neighbourhood as a centralisednorm, butrequirestheappropriateGovernmenttonotifysuchlimitsorareaintheRTERules.Thisisonaccountofthevery diverse geographical, climatic terrain and thevaried development requirements of the differentStates,andtheconsciousdecisionthatStateswouldbebetterplacedtodefinethe‘neighbourhood’,keepingthebestinterestsofdifferentchildreninmind.
However,theCentralGovernmenthasattemptedtoexemplify this in theModelRTERules circulated toStates,which provide for distance norms of onekilometre for children in classes I-V, and threekilometres for children in classes VI-VIII, as alsoprovisionforrelaxationofnormsinplaceswithdifficultterrainwheretheremayberiskoflandslides,floods,lackofroadsandingeneral,dangerforyoungchildrenintheapproachfromtheirhomestotheschool.TheModelRulesalsoprovide thataccessof children toschoolshouldnotbehinderedonaccountofsocialandcultural factors. Such norms should be laid downkeepinginviewlocalcontextsandrequirements,ratherthancentrallyprescribedthrougha law.Thesehavealso been incorporated in the Central RTE RulesapplicabletoallUTswithoutLegislature.
States/UTsneedtoarriveataclearpictureofcurrentavailabilityofschoolswithindefinedareaorlimitsofneighbourhoods.Inordertodothis,State/UTsneedto(i)definetheneighbourhoodnormskeeping inviewthat all primary and upper primary schools and compositeschools (withprimaryandupperprimarysections),establishedby theStateGovernmentandlocalbodieswouldbeneighbourhood schools for the purposeofsection3(1),and(ii)maptheneighbourhoods orhabitationsandlinkthemtospecificschools.Itispossiblethataneighbourhoodmaybelinkedtomorethanoneschool.Similarly,aschoolmaybelinkedto
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more than one neighbourhood.Themappingexercisewillhelpidentifygapsandareaswherenewschoolsneedtobeopenedtoensureuniversalaccess.
Section 7(1) – (5) provides for financial andotherresponsibilitiesof theCentralGovernment and theStateGovernmentsforcarryingouttheprovisionsofthe proposed Act. The Central Government hasestimateda total requirementofRs2.31 lakhcroreoverafiveyearperiod from2010-11 to2014-15 toimplementtheRTEAct.Separately,the13thFinanceCommissionhasalsoprovidedagrantofRs24,068crorespecificallyforelementaryeducation.Thegrantofthe13thFinanceCommissionisreleaseddirectlyonanannualbasis to theStateGovernments fromtheFinanceMinistry.Thisamount isdeducted fromtheoverallestimateofRs2.31lakhcrore,andthebalanceamountofRs2.07lakhcrorewillbesharedbetweentheCentralandStateGovernmentsinthe65:35ratiofor the implementation of RTE through the SSAprogramme. In the caseof States in theNorthEastRegion,thefundsharingpatternwillbeinthe90:10ratio.
Section 7(6)providesfortheformulationofaNationalCurriculumFramework.TheCentralGovernmenthasnotifiedtheNCERTasthedesignatedauthorityforthispurpose.TheNationalCurriculumFramework,2005,formulatedbytheNCERThasbeenhailednationallyandinternationallyastrendsettingindefininglearningprocesses, assessment, quality and integration ofvariousaspectsofeducationgearedtowardsproducingacreativecitizenofthecountry,andhasbeenacceptedastheCurriculumFrameworkundertheRTEAct.
Section 8assignsdutiestotheappropriateGovernmentto ensure that it provides free and compulsoryelementaryeducationtoeverychild,inaneighbourhood school.Theterm‘compulsoryeducation’isexplainedtomeanobligationoftheappropriateGovernmenttoprovide free elementary education and ensurecompulsoryadmission,attendanceandcompletionofelementaryeducation.Itfurtherprovidesthatwhereachildisnotadmittedtoaschoolwhichisestablished,owned, controlled or substantially funded by theappropriateGovernmentorlocalauthority,suchchild
or his or her parentswill not be entitled to claimreimbursementofthecostofelementaryeducation.ItlaysdownthedutiesoftheappropriateGovernmenttoensureinteraliathatchildrenbelongingtoweakersectionsanddisadvantagedgroupsarenotdiscriminatedagainstandpreventedfrompursuingandcompletingelementaryeducation,thatadmission,attendanceandcompletionofelementaryeducationbyeverychildismonitored, that schoolbuilding, teaching staffandlearning equipment are provided, good qualityelementary education conforming to norms and standardsisprovided,curriculumandcoursesofstudyareprescribed inatimelymanner,andteachersaretrained.
Section 9assignsdutiestothelocalauthoritytoensurethat it provides free and compulsory elementaryeducationtoeverychild,inaneighbourhoodschool.Itlaysdownthedutiesofthelocalauthoritytoensureinter aliathatchildrenbelongingtoweakersectionsand disadvantaged groups are not discriminatedagainstandpreventedfrompursuingandcompletingelementaryeducation,maintain recordsof childrenresidingwithin its jurisdiction, ensure andmonitoradmission,attendanceandcompletionofelementaryeducationbyeverychild,includingmigrantchildren,ensurethatschoolbuilding,teachingstaffandlearningequipmentand goodqualityelementaryeducationconformingtonormsandstandardsisprovided,decideontheacademiccalendar.
Section 10:Thisprovisioncastsamoralresponsibilityoneveryparent/guardiantoadmittheirchildren/wardstoschool,andensurethatchildrenarenotdeprivedoftheirrighttoelementaryeducation.Thisincludes,for example, child labour, children in ecologicallydeprivedareaswheretheyarerequiredtofetchfuel,water,fodderanddootherhouseholdchores,childreninverypoorslumcommunitiesanduprootedurbanhabitations, childrenof families of scavengers andothersuchstigmatisedprofessions,childrenofitinerantor seasonal labourwhohavemobile and transientlifestyle likeconstructionworkers,roadworkersandworkersonlargeconstructionsites,childrenoflandlessagriculturelabourwhoarerequiredtoaugmentfamily
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incomes.ThisprovisionshouldbereadtogetherwiththeresponsibilityoftheappropriateGovernmentandlocal authority to provide free and compulsoryelementaryeducationinaneighbourhoodschool.Itisnottheintentionofthisprovisiontocompelparents/guardiansandchildren/wards,whodonotwishtoavailoffreeandcompulsoryeducation,tonecessarilyadmittheir children/wards in neighbourhoodschool.
Suggestionsweremadetoincorporatepenalprovisionsagainst parents/ guardians who do not send their children to school, but the fact remains that themaximumnumberofchildrenwhodonotattendschoolarechildrenfromweakersectionsanddisadvantagedgroups.Penalisingtheirparentswouldbetantamounttopenalizingpovertyanddeprivation.Further,therearemanyfirstgenerationlearners,whoaredeprivedofalearningenvironmentathome,anddropoutonaccountofdifficultiesincopingwiththecurriculum.Inflictingpenaltiesonparentsbecausetheirchildrenhavedroppedoutorhavebeenpushedoutof theeducationsystemwouldbediscriminatory.Therefore,itisaconsciousdecisiontoabstainfromimposingpenalprovisionsagainstparentsandguardian.
InsteadtheRTEActcastsadutyorcompulsionontheappropriate government to ensure admission,attendanceandcompletionofelementaryeducation.Thiswould lead to significant systemic reform inuniversalisingelementaryeducation.Inmanyinstanceshowever,theGovernmentwouldhavetocollaboratewith the civil society in persuading parentswhoexperiencegenuineproblemsinsendingtheirwardstoschoolforthemtofulfiltheirdutytoensurethattheirchildrendoattendschoolsregularly,particularlyinthecaseofoldergirls.
Section 11providesthattheappropriategovernmentmaymake necessary arrangements for pre-schooleducation.
Chapter –iv: Responsibilities of Schools and Teachers.
Section 12 explains the responsibilityof schools forprovidingfreeandcompulsoryeducationtochildren,namely:
a. AllGovernmentschoolsshallprovidefreeandcompulsoryeducationtoallchildren
b. Governmentaidedinstitutionsshallprovidefreeandcompulsoryeducationtosuchpercentageofstudentsinelementaryclasseswhichequalsthepercentageof recurringaid receivedby itfromtheGovernmenttotheannualrecurringexpenditureincurredbytheschool,subjecttoaminimumof25%.
c. Privateunaidedinstitutionsandspecialcategoryschools shall provide free and compulsoryeducationtoatleast25%childrenbelongingtodisadvantaged groups andweaker sectionsadmittedtoclassIorpre-primaryclasses.Suchschoolswouldbeentitledtoreimbursementattheper-childcostincurredbytheGovernment.Ithasalsosincebeenclarifiedthatresidentialprivateunaidedschools,whichdonotstartatclass I,wouldnotbe required to admit 25%childrenfromdisadvantagedgroupsandweakersectionsintheirschools.
Therehavebeenmisgivings among certain groupsabouttheadmissionofchildrenfromdisadvantagedgroupsandweakersectionsinclassIinprivateunaidedschools.InthiscontextitisimportanttorefertotheStatementofObjectsandReasons(SOR)attachedtotheRightofChildrentoFreeandCompulsoryEducationBill,2008,whichstates:
The Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Bill, 2008, is anchored in the belief that the values of equality, social justice and democracy and the creation of a just and humane society can be achieved only through provision of inclusive elementary education to all. Provision of free and compulsory education of satisfactory quality to children from disadvantaged and weaker sections is, therefore, not merely the responsibility of schools run or supported by the appropriate Governments, but also of schools which are not dependent on Government funds.
Theideathatschoolingshouldactasameansofsocialcohesion and inclusion is not new; it hasbeenoftrepeated. Inequitable and disparate schoolingreinforcesexisting social andeconomichierarchies,andpromotesintheeducatedsectionsofsocietyanindifferencetowardstheplightofthepoor.
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Thecurrentlyusedterm‘inclusive’educationimplies,asdidearliertermslike‘common’and‘neighbourhood’ schools,thatchildrenfromdifferentbackgroundsandwith varying interests andabilitywill achieve theirhighestpotentialiftheystudyinasharedclassroomenvironment.The ideaof inclusive schooling isalsoconsistentwith Constitutional values and ideals,especiallywith the idealsof fraternity, social justiceandequalityofopportunity.
Forchildrenofsocio-economicallyweakerbackgroundstofeelathomeinprivateschools,itisnecessarythattheyformasubstantialproportionorcriticalmassintheclasstheyjoin.Therelevantuniverseinwhichtheproportionneedstobeconsideredistheclass/section.It is for this reason that the RTEAct provides foradmissionof25%childrenfromdisadvantagedgroupsandweakersectionsinclassIonly.This impliesthatthesechildrencannotbepooledtogetherinaseparatesectionor afternoon shift.Any arrangementwhichsegregates,ortreatsthesechildreninadifferentiatedmanner vis-à-vis the fee-paying childrenwill becounter-productive.
The rationale for 25% lies in the fact that thecompositionofcaste/classindicatedintheCensusisfairly representativeof the compositionof childrenwhoareseekingadmissionunderthisprovision.AsperCensus2001,SCsconstitute16.2%,andSTsconstitute8.2% (total 24.4%) of the population. Further, theTendulkar Committee, set up by the PlanningCommission tomeasurepoverty,hasestimated thebelowpovertyline(BPL)populationtobe37.2%.Itisa fact that much of the population that suffers economic deprivation also suffers from socialdisadvantage.Thus,takentogether,thefigureof25%foradmissionofchildrenfromdisadvantagedgroupsandweaker sections is considered reasonable.Anylowerproportionwouldjeopardizethelong-termgoalof the policy which is to strengthen social cohesion and bringoutthebesthumanresourcepotentialinherentinoursocietyasawhole.Asmallerproportionwouldserveonlyatokenpurpose,anditwillruntheseriousriskof creating the feelingof alienationamong thechildren belonging to disadvantaged groups and
weaker sections. Their participation in classroominteractionwill be neither strong nor sufficientlymanifest toenrich theoverall experiential learningtakingplaceinanygivensubjectarea.Onlyacriticalmasscanplaysucharole.
TheRTEActprovides foradmissionof25%childrenfromdisadvantagedgroups andweaker sections inClass I, not across thewhole school. As childrenadmittedtoclassImovetoclassII,newchildrenwillbeadmittedtoclassI,andsoontillcompletionof8years of elementary education. The rationale foradmissioninclassIonlymustbeappreciatedinhumanterms. Teachers who are used to a selective,homogeneous classroom environment cannot beexpectedtodeveloptherequiredpositiveattitudeandprofessional skills to dealwith a diversified classovernight.Thesameappliestochildren.Childrenwhohavegrownuptoanageofnineorteninahomogeneousorsegregatedenvironmenthavebeensocializedintoastructureofnormsandbehaviour.Theycannotbetransformedondemand.Also,theoverallschoolethoscannotbeexpectedtorespondtoanewpolicy inapositivemannerallofasudden.Educationisindeedanactoffaithandsocialengineering–butnotquick-fixsocialengineering.Inviewofthefactthatchildrentaketimetosocializeandteacherstaketimetodevelopnewattitudesandpedagogicskills,theRTEActprovidesforadmissionofdisadvantagedandpoorchildrenattheentrylevel,coveringpre-schoolandClassI.Withthesechildrenmovingup, and a new cohort of childrenenteringpre-schoolandClassIineachsuccessiveyear,theschoolwillgraduallyhaveamorediversepopulationspreadacrossallclasses.Progressionatthispacewillallow children the opportunity to grow up together andcreatebonds:bondsthatcansurvivesocialwalls.Progressionatthispacecanallowtheschooltodevelopthe professional capacity to respond to the intellectual and emotional needs of children from diversebackgrounds.Childrenwhoare younger thaneightyearsofageareyettodevelopastablesocialidentity.Theirvaluesarestillforming,andtheirmotivationtoderivemeaningfromexperience,bothconcreteandsocialisverystrong.Therefore,itisavalidargumentthatthepolicyofmixingchildrenfromdifferentsocio-
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economicstratahasthebestchanceofsucceedingifit starts from the formative years of nursery/kindergartenandClassI.Diversityenhanceslearninganddevelopment,whilesegregationimpoverishestheclassroom environment of all schools, private orgovernment.
Admissionof25%childrenfromdisadvantagedgroupsandweaker sections in theneighbourhood is not merelytoprovideavenuesofqualityeducationtopooranddisadvantagedchildren.Thelargerobjectiveistoprovideacommonplacewherechildrensit,eatandlivetogetherforatleasteightyearsoftheirlivesacrosscaste,classandgenderdividesinorderthatitnarrowsdownsuchdivisionsinoursociety.Theotherobjectiveisthatthe75%childrenwhohavebeenluckytocomefrombetter endowed families, learn through theirinteractionwiththechildrenfromfamilieswhohaven’thadsimilaropportunities,butarerich inknowledgesystems allied to trade, craft, farming and otherservices, and that thepedagogicenrichmentof the75%children isprovidedbysuch intermingling.Thiswill of course require classroompractices, teachertraining,etc.toconstantlybringoutthesepedagogicpractices,ratherthanmerelymakechildrenfromthesetwo sections sit together. Theoftenvoiced concernabout how the 25% children fromdisadvantagedgroupsandweakersectionscancopeinanenvironmentwhere rich childrenexist canbe resolvedwhen theteaching learning process and teachers use these childrenassourcesofknowledgesothattheiresteemandrecognitiongoesupandtheybegintobetreatedasequals.
Section 13 provides thatno schoolorperson shallcollectcapitationfeeorsubjectachildtoanyscreeningprocedure,andprescribesapenaltyforcontraventionoftheseprovisions.Ontheissueofscreeningprocedurefor admission,Government had consultationwithseveralprivateschoolPrincipals,andhassinceissuedguidelinesundersection35(1).TheGuidelinesexplainthat theobjectiveof theprovisionsof section13(1)readwithsection2(o)istoensurethatschoolsadoptanadmissionprocedure that is non-discriminatory,rational and transparent, and that schools do not
subjectchildrenandtheirparentstoadmissiontestsand interviews inorder todecidewhether theywilladmitachildornot.
Extensive educational research the world overrecognisesthatchildrenarebornwithequalpotentialto learn andbecome creative adults. The colonialbeliefsthatmenhavebetterbrainsthanwomen,orwhiteshavebetterbrainsthanblacks,implyingtherebythattherewereintrinsicdifferencesinthepotentialtolearnandinintelligence,havelongbeendiscardedanddebunked. Themost obvious proof of that is theacquisitionoflanguage,withoutwhichnolearningcantakeplace.Allchildrenacquirelanguagewithouttheagencyofaschoolataroundthesameageoftwoyears.This is held as an intrinsic stage of child braindevelopment,whichhasnothingtodowithcaste,class,gender,high/low IQand suchotherdifferentiation.Whatiswellrecognized,however,isthatfrominfancy,it is the processes of nurturing at home and later during pre-schoolandschool,thatdeterminesthedepthandextentoflearning.Therefore,testsandotherscreeningprocedurescanonly revealdifferences innurturing,ratherthananyintrinsicdifferencesofthepotentialtolearn. In such a situation itwould be particularlynecessary,andindeedtheobligationoftheStateandsocietytoprovideforbetternurturingthroughgoodschools to children frompoor and disadvantagedsectionsofsociety.
TheGuidelinesissuedundersection35(1),therefore,explicitlystatethattestsandinterviewsaregenerallyatoolforprofilingandeliminatingchildren,andthereforescreening toassess a child’s ‘intelligence shouldbeprohibited. Availability of equal opportunities forchildrenbelonging todifferent social andeconomicbackgrounds will reinforce the idea of equalityenshrinedinourConstitution,andensurethatchildrenarenotdiscriminatedonthebasisoftheirsocialandeconomicbackground.TheGuidelinesalsorefertotheimportanceofmovingtowardscompositeclassroomswithchildren fromdiversebackgrounds, rather thanhomogenousandexclusivistschools:heterogeneityanddiversity inclassroomsleadtogreater inter-learning,respectfordifferences,toleranceandcreativity.
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Thus in respect of 25% children representingdisadvantaged groups and weaker sections foradmissioninclassI,theGuidelinesprovideforrandomselectionoutofapplicationsreceived.Foradmissiontotheremaining75%,theGuidelinesgiveschoolsthefreedomtoformulatetheirownadmissionspolicy.Suchpolicyshouldincludethecriteriaforcategorisationofapplicantsintermsoftheobjectivesoftheschoolonarationale,reasonableandjustbasis.Thereshouldbenoprofilingofthechildbasedonparentaleducationalqualifications. This policy should be in the publicdomain,explicitlystatedintheschoolprospectusandgivenwide publicity. There shall be no testing orinterviewsforanychild/parent,andselectionshouldbeonrandombasis.
Section 14seekstoprovideforproofofagecertificateofachildandthatadmissioncannotbedeniedinitsabsence.Therationaleforthisprovisionisthatbirthcertificatesunder theBirths,DeathsandMarriagesCertificationAct,1886areoftennotavailable,andintheirabsence,childrenandtheirparentoftenhavetorunfrompillartoposttoobtainageproof.Thus,otherdocumentscanbedeemedtobeproofofageofthechild for the purposes of admission in schools.Examplesof otherdocuments are (i)ANM registerrecord,(ii)Anganwadirecord,(iii)declarationofageofthe child by the parent or the guardian. StateGovernmentswillidentifydocuments,whichmaybeintheformofaffidavitsorcertificatesthatcanbeusedfor determining the age of the child for admission and suitablyprovidefortheminthedelegatedlegislation.Clause14(2)however,makesitexplicitthatsincethechild has a right toeducation, that right cannotbedenied for lackof ageproof. Therefore, admissionwouldbegivenevenintheabsenceofageproof,whilean appropriate document of age proof would simultaneouslybeacquired.
Section 15prohibitsschoolsfromdenialofadmissiontoachild,irrespectiveofthetimeintheacademicyearinwhichadmissionissought.Admissionofachildinschoolisafundamentalrightanditcannotbedeniedat anypointoftime. Ideally, all children shouldbeenrolled inschoolat thebeginningof theacademic
session.However, in thecaseof children indifficultcircumstances,includingchildrenaffectedbymigration,displacementorillhealth,etcschoolsmayneedtobeflexible to allowadmission at anytimeduring thesession.TheCentralRTERulesprovidethatchildrenadmitted after sixmonths of thebeginningof theacademicsessionmaybeprovidedSpecialTrainingasdeterminedby theHead Teacher of the school toenablehim/hertocompletestudies.Privateunaidedschoolsneednotbeconcernedaboutthisprovision,especiallywithrespecttothe75%admission,becauseif theyhavefilled all seats at thebeginningof theacademic year thequestionof any-timeadmissionwouldnotarise.
Section 16prohibitsholdingbackandexpulsionofachild fromschooltill theattainmentof elementaryeducation.Therehavebeensomemisgivingsontheprovisionsrelatingto‘nodetention’and‘noexpulsion’.The ‘no detention’ provision is made becauseexaminationsareoftenusedforeliminatingchildrenwhoobtainpoormarks.Oncedeclared‘fail’,childreneither repeat gradeor leave the school altogether.Compellingachildtorepeataclassisdemotivatinganddiscouraging.Repeatingaclassdoesnotgivethechildanyspecialresourcestodealwiththesamesyllabusrequirementsforyetanotheryear.Parentsandfriendsofsuchchildrenalsotendtoviewthemasbeing‘fitforfailure’,therebyreinforcingtheperceptionwhichtheschoolhasalreadyusedfordeclaringachild‘fail’.The‘nodetention’provisionintheRTEActdoesnotimplyabandoningproceduresthatassesschildren’slearning.TheRTEActprovidesforputtinginplaceacontinuousandcomprehensiveevaluationprocedure–aprocedurethatwillbenon-threatening,releasesthechildfromfearandtraumaoffailureandenablestheteachertopay individual attention to the child’s learning andperformance.Suchasystemhasthebestpotentialtoimprovequality,ratherthanpunishment,fearoffailureand detention. Consistent with the argumentsprovidedundersection13thateachchildhasthesamepotential for learning, a ‘slow’, ‘weak’ learneror a‘failed’childisnotbecauseofanyinherentdrawbackin the child, butmostoften the inadequacyof thelearningenvironmentandthedeliverysystemtohelp
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thechild,realisehis/herpotential,meaningtherebythatthefailureisofthesystem,ratherthanofthechild.This requires addressing the improvement of thequalityofthesystemratherthanpunishingthechildthroughdetention.Thereisnostudyofresearchthatsuggeststhatthequalityofthelearningofthechildimprovesifthechildisfailed.Infact,moreoftenthannotthechildabandonsschool/learningaltogether.
As regards expulsion, there aremanywho giveexamplesofdeviantandaberrantbehaviourofsomechildren,adverselyinfluencingotherchildren,andthatsuchdeviantchildrenshouldbe‘expelled’inorderthattheothersmaybeprotected.Buttheimplicationsofexpulsionarethattheeducationsystemhasrefused to serve the child. Thenotionof ‘expulsion’ is notcompatiblewith the conceptof ‘right’.No civilizedcountryintheworldexpelschildrenfromelementaryschoolforanyreasons:therearenovalidgroundsfordoingso.Ifthechild–andrememberwearetalkingabout6-14yearolds,notolder children–doesnotrespondtotheexistingsystemandresortsto‘deviant’activities,thentheeducationsystemmustaddressthechilddifferently–throughcounsellingorbyprovidingdifferentcurricularandco-curricularactivities,whichenable thechild todevelopselfawareness,addressdeep rooted fears andproblemsand consequentlychangepatternsofbehaviour.
Section 17 prohibits any child being subjected tophysicalpunishmentormentalharassment.Thereisamistakennotionthat‘discipline’ofchildrencomesfrompunishmentandfear.Educationiststheworld-overareclearthatwhatmattersforcreatingamaturecitizenisthe provision of a ‘learning environment’ in theformative years, which is what the schoolmustbecome,andnota‘correctional’centre,whichhastheconnotationsofajail.Physicalpunishmentandmentaltraumaarecounter-productive,andmaycauseachildto becomeevenmoredefiant and rebellious thanbefore.
The concept of childhood implies a period ofimpressionability and vulnerability. Both theseattributesofchildhoodenjoinupontheadultsocietyto treat childhoodas apart of life,which requires
protection and nurturance. Children’s bodies aretenderandvulnerable.Aminorpunishmentcanresultininjury:evenaslapmayresultinachildgoingdeaf.Therearemanyexamplesofgrievousinjurytochildrenonaccountofphysicalpunishment.Physicalpunishmentis invariably accompanied bymental trauma. Allphysicalpunishmentandmentaltraumaispotentiallyunsafeandinjurioustohealth.
Article39(f)oftheConstitutionofIndiastates:
‘The state shall ensure that children are given opportunities to develop in a healthy manner and in conditions of freedom and dignity and that childhood and youth are protected against exploitation and against moral and material abandonment’. There isexplicituseoftheword‘dignity’inArticle39(f).Itisnotconceivablefordignityandpunishmenttoco-exist.
Further, the National Policy on Education (NPE)1986/1992 also prohibits corporal punishment. Itstates:Corporal punishment will be firmly excluded from the education system.
IndiaisasignatorytotheUnitedNationsConventiononChildRights(UNCRC).Article19oftheUNCRCstates:State parties shall take all appropriate legislative,administrative, social andeducationalmeasures toprotect the child from all forms of physical or mental violence, injury or abuse, neglect or negligenttreatment,maltreatmentor exploitation, includingsexual abuse,while in the care of parents, legalguardians or any other person who has the care of the child. Thus the provisions in the RTEAct banningcorporal punishment and mental harassment are in consonancewith the spirit ofArticle 39 ((f) of theConstitution,theNationalPolicyonEducation,andtheUNCRC.
Section 18stipulatesthatnoprivateschoolshouldbeestablished or can functionwithout obtaining aCertificateofRecognition,andthatsuchCertificateofRecognitionwouldbeissuedtoschoolsthatfulfiltheprescribednormsandstandards.TheActdoesnothaveaprovision for recognitionofGovernment schools,since that would amount to Government givingrecognition to itsown schools,however section19
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clearlystatesthatGovernmentschoolsmustmeettherequirementsoftheschedule.
Section 19 lays down the norms and standards for schools.Anyschool,whetherGovernmentorprivatethatdoesnotfulfiltheprescribednormsandstandardsshall do so within a period of three years from the date ofcommencementoftheproposedAct.ThereappearstobeamisconceptionthatGovernmentschoolsdonotrequiretomeetthenormsandstandardsprescribedunder theActonaccountofawrong insertionofacomma in the RTE Billwhen itwas introduced inParliament. This has sincebeen corrected and theprovisionformeetingnormsandstandardsisapplicabletoallschools,ensuringthattheseschoolsalsomeetthenormsprescribedwillbemonitoredbytheNCPCR.
Section 20providespowertoCentralGovernmenttoamendthescheduleonnormsandstandards.
Section 21providesforconstitutionandfunctionsofaSchoolManagementCommitteeincertaincategoriesofschools.ThesettingupofsuchCommitteeshasbeena recommendationofnearly all previouseducationcommissionsandpolicies. The reason is that if thecommunityhastobeinvolvedinthevastschoolsystemofthecountry,andiftheparentsaretoberecognizedas primary stakeholders in the education of theirchildren,theymustbeinvolvedinameaningfulmannerin themonitoringandmanagementof schools. TheRTEActthereforeenvisagesthatparentswouldformamajority in theSchoolManagementCommittees,whichwould also includeelectedmembers of thePanchayat and school teachers. There is reason tobelievethat likethemother’scommitteesthathavefunctionedexceptionallywell in someparts of thecountry, the parent-dominated SMC’swill lead tooverallimprovementoftheschoolingsystem.
Privateunaided institutionsareexempted from theconstitution of SchoolManagement Committees.GovernmenthasalsointroducedanAmendmentBillin the Parliament,whichprovides that the SchoolManagementCommitteeinrespectofprivateunaidedandminority institutionswill onlyhaveanadvisoryrole.
Section 22 provides for preparation of a SchoolDevelopmentPlan(SDP)bytheSchoolManagementCommittee.TheSDPisvisualisedasacomprehensiveplanfocusingonallaspectsofschoole.g.protectionofchildren’srights,infrastructure,teacheravailability,classroom transaction and child assessments,inclusiveness,etc.PrivateunaidedinstitutionsarenotexpectedtoprepareSDPsenvisagedundertheRTEAct.Further, theAmendmentBill referred to inpreviousparagraphprovidesthatprivateunaidedandminorityinstitutionswillalsonotberequiredtoprepareSDPs.
Section 23providesforqualificationsandtermsandconditionsofserviceofschoolteachers.TheCentralGovernment has notified NCTE as the academicauthorityforprescribingteacherqualifications.NCTEhaslaiddowntherequisiteteacherqualificationsasperitsnotificationdated23rdAugust2010.
Section 24providesfordutiesofteachers.Thisincludesinter alia that teachers attend school regularly andtransact the syllabus in atimelymanner, that theyprovidesupplementarysupporttochildrenwhoneedsuch support, that theymake an assessment ofchildren’slearning,andinteractwithparents.
Section 25seekstoprovideformaintenanceofpupilteacherratio,bytheappropriategovernmentandlocalauthority. An apparent contradictionbetween thisprovision,whichrequiresthatthepupilteacherratioshallbemaintainedwithinaperiodofsixmonths,vis-à-vis theprovisionundersection19mandatingthatthenormsandstandardsprescribedintheScheduleshouldbemetwithinthreeyears, isproposedtobecorrectedthroughtheAmendmentBillintroducedintheParliament.
Theprovisotothissectionalsoprovidesthatteachersshallnotbedeployedfornon-academicwork,barringthose specified in section 27, viz., (i) decennialpopulationcensus,(ii)disasterreliefand(iii)electionstoParliament,StateLegislaturesandLocalBodies.
Section 26providesthatvacanciesinschoolsshouldnotexceed10%oftheteacherstrengthforthatschool.ThisprovisionwillensurethatStatestakestepstofillup existing teacher vacancies as also rationalise
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deploymentofteachersinschoolstoremoveurban-ruralimbalancesinteacherdeployment.
Section 27prohibitsdeploymentofteachersfornon-educationalpurposes,otherthandecennialpopulationcensus, disaster relief duties or duties relating toelections to local authority, state legislatures andparliament.Thisprovisionwillensurethatmoretimeis available to teachers for school/ classroomtransaction,and that teachersarenotdeployed forwork that takes them away from their classroomresponsibilities.
Section 28prohibitsprivatetuitionbyteachers.Privatetuition isoneof the ills affecting Indianeducation,whichneedstobeaddressed.Thisprovisionwillensurethatteachersdonotusetheirpositionforcommercialgain through private tuition,which is a source ofharassmenttochildrenandparents.
Chapter-v: Curriculum and Completion of Elementary Education.
Section 29 provides for curriculumand evaluationprocedureinelementaryschools.StateGovernmentsarerequiredtoprescribetheacademicauthoritytolaydown the curriculumandevaluationprocedure. Indoing so the academic authority must ensure adherencetoeightfactorsstatedintheRTEActTheseeightfactorsare:
1. ConformitywithConstitutionalvalues;
2. Allrounddevelopmentofthechild;
3. Buildingthechild’sknowledge,potentialityandtalent;
4. Developmentofphysicalandmentalabilitiestothefullestextent;
5. Learning through activities, discovery andexplorationinachildfriendlyandchild-centredmanner;
6. The child’smother tongue serving ‘as far aspracticable’asthemediumofinstruction;
7. Makingthechildfreeoffear,traumaandanxietyandhelpingthechildtoexpressviewsfreelyand
8. Comprehensiveand continuousevaluationofthe child’sunderstandingandknowledgeandtheabilitytoapplyit.
Thesefactors,whichhavebecomepartofeducationallegislation,provide comprehensive coverageof theindicatorsof child-centred curricular policy for theelementarystageofeducationspeltoutintheNationalPolicyonEducation(NPE),1986/92andelaboratedintheNCF–2005.
Section 30providesthatnochildshallberequiredtopassBoardexaminationstillcompletionofelementaryeducation.Boardexaminations induce tremendousstressandanxietyamongchildren–especiallyyoungchildren.TheNationalCurriculumFramework,2005,whileemphasisingtheneedforflexibilityinassessment,states:“Under no circumstances should board- or state level examinations be conducted at other stages of schools, such as class V, VIII or XI.” Indeed, Boards should consider, as a long- term measure, making the Class X examination optional, thus permitting students continuing in the same school (and who do not need a board certificate) to take an internal school exam instead”.
Chapter-vi: protection of Right of Children
Section 31 provides an institutionalmechanism forprotectionofrightsofthechildthroughtheNational/StateCommissionsforProtectionofChildRights.Forchildrenin-school,monitoringwillinvolvethefollowingissues:
(i) Provisionofneighbourhoodschool
1. Requisite number of classrooms andinfrastructurefacilities
2. AppropriatePTR
3. Schoolhours
(ii) Accesstoschool:physicalandsocial
(iii) Admissionprocess
1. Denialofadmission
2. CapitationFee
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3. Screeningprocedure
4. DemandforAffidavits
5. AnytimeAdmission
(iv) Entitlements
1. Textbooks
2. Uniforms
3. Librarywithbooks,newspapers,magazines
4. Sportsequipment
5. Playmaterial
6. Mid-dayMeal
7. Special Training for age-appropriateeducation
8. TransferCertificates
9. CompletionCertificates
10. Otherexpenses
(v) ClassroomTransaction
1. Nodiscrimination
2. Nocorporalpunishment
3. AppropriateTeachingmethods
4. AppropriateEvaluationSystems
(vi) SchoolManagementCommittee
1. Appointmentsasperrules
2. Regularmeetings
3. TeacherAccountability
4. PreparationofSchoolDevelopmentPlan
5. OtherResponsibilities
(vii) For Children in Private Aided andUnaidedSchools
1. Admission of children fromWeakerSectionsandDisadvantagedGroups
InadditionNCPCR/SCPCRwouldmonitorout-of-schoolchildrentofacilitatetheiraccessandparticipationintheschoolingsystem.Thiswouldincludechildrenwhohaveneverenrolledorhavedroppedout,childrenwhoaretemporarilyabsent,childrenwhoarepermanentmigrants,whomigrateseasonallywiththeirparents.
Section 32 provides amechanism for redressal ofgrievance relating to rights of the child under theproposedAct.
Section 33 provides for constitution of aNationalAdvisoryCounciltogiveexpertadvicetotheCentralGovernmentonimplementationofprovisionsoftheproposedAct.ThisCouncilhassincebeenconstitutedandhascommenceditswork.
Section 34 provides for the constitution of StateAdvisoryCouncilstoadvisetheStateGovernmentsontheimplementationoftheAct.
Chapter-vii: Miscellaneous
Section 35 provides for theCentralGovernment toissue guidelines anddirections to the appropriategovernment or local authority for effectiveimplementationoftheproposedAct.Italsoprovidesfor theappropriateGovernment to issueguidelinesand directions to Local Authorities, and for LocalAuthoritiestogiveguidelinestoSchoolManagementCommittees.
Section 36 provides for previous sanction of anauthorisedofficerforprosecutionofoffences.
Section 37providesprotection,againstanylegalsuitor proceedings, to appropriate government, localauthority,etcforanyactiontakeningoodfaith.
Section 38 provides powers to the appropriateGovernmenttomakerules,andforlayingofRulesand notifications made, before each House ofParliament.
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Abbreviations
BPL BelowPovertyLine
DISE DistrictInformationSystemforEducation
Govt. Government
GPI GenderParityIndex
NCERT NationalCouncilofEducationalResearchandTraining
NCF NationalCurriculumFramework
NCPCR NationalCommissionforProtectionofChildRights
NCTE NationalCouncilforTeacherEducation
NPE NationalPolicyonEducation
PTR PupilTeacherRatio
REPA RighttoEducationProtectionAuthority
SC ScheduledCaste
Schs Schools
SCPCR StateCommissionforProtectionofChildRights
SCR StudentClassroomRatio
SDP SchoolDevelopmentPlan
SMC SchoolManagementCommittee
SOR StatementofObjectsandReasons
SSA SarvaShikshaAbhiyan
ST ScheduledTribe
U.Primary UpperPrimary
UNCRC UnitedNationsConventiononChildRights
UTs UnionTerritories
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