1
. ^ N ^" Ulisffllanfooa. HUNGARY. "Freedom's battle once begun, Though Iwiifled oft, is ever won." J. Alas for Hungary' prostrate and chained, Beneath the feet of despots low she lies. She, who flung wide her banner to the skit*, By conquest gilded and by valor stained; What! shall her cause no longer be maintained? Must she, deserted, grovel in the dust, Without one boon from generous Freedom gained? Forbid it. Heaven! Forbid it, faith and trust In virtue, courage, constancy, and all That most ennobles men, resolved to win Most glorious victory, or, fighting, fall < In the red midst of liattle's wildest din. t 'Tis not in hearts so brave to quail or yield, j While Uie broad laud holds one unconquered field, II. i No! step by step shall she again achieve The mighty independence that belongs To men impatient of Oppression's wrongs. And resolute to triuinpb more than grieve O'er dark misfortune. Sin shall nobly heave The burden from her breast, and stand once more Proudly amid the nations famed of yore. And a brt.'hi memory to the future leave. Kossuth survive*.hi* hero soul still beat* Invincible, and patriot armies send Bold, martial -trains front their unsealed retreats, Vowing* to fight victorious to the end. Where glow such hopes, where burn such high desires. Nor cloud nor storm can quench fair Freedom's fires' PARK BENJAMIN. From thr (ieruift Farmrr. Export and Preservation of BreadstnffaThe export of breadstuffs from the United States to Great Britain and Ireland is steadily on the increase. From September 1st, 1H48, to July of the present year, the export of corn was 11,472,017 bushels against 3,3Hb,b36 during the corresponding period of toe year prev ious. In the quantity of wheat and Hour sent to England, the grain is equally large. Whatever com pi tition the latter may encounter in British markets from continental or home-grown wheat, American corn and meal, if delivered in good order, must be cheaper, one year with unother, than any other article of human food of equal nutritive value. In one hundred pounds ol potatoes there are seventy-five pounds of water. This renders potatoes more liable to rot, and a more precarious means of subsistence than the seeds of cereal plants. The latter will alone form good bread; and hereafter they must constitute the main dependence of the poor and laboring p«tiple of Ireland and Great Britain for daily consumption. All parties there now concede .that the lower da-sea should be provided with ways and means, mm*how. to command more of the comforts of civilization than they hitherto have enjoyed. We have great faith in the maxim, "where there is a will there is a way " The British empire is undergoing a social revolution of no small moment to the agricultural interests of this country. It is barely possible that the production of public paupers on a magnificent scale may continue a year or two longer; but the turning point, if not already reached, soon will be. Hiacxwooa a magazine ior juiy contains an interesting and instructive article under the expressive title, "The Crowning "f the Column and the Crushing of the Pedeitai." From this we le&rn that the poor-rates of England have reached the immense sum of £7,000,(XX) a year; and that oneseventh of its entire population are now supported by (he parish rate's. The whole poor-rate* for England, Scotland and Ireland for the last year were £9,460,757 ; or about forty-seven and a half millions of dollars. "The poor rates of Glasgow, which five years ago did not exceed £30,000 a year for the parliamentary city, have now reached £200,000, viz Glasgow parish, £<X),000; Barony, £70,000; Gorbals, £40,000. total, £200,(XX)." Let the independent and comparatively untaxed American farmer realize the condition of society in a city where one million qf dollar » are required to support its public paupers a year! Had American corn meal arrived at British ports in a sound condition, and in no degree impaired by kiln-drying, the consumption of this food would be double what it now is. To learn a nation to eat and love tins great staple of the Union, with which it is unacquainted, we should not begin by sending sour and musty meal, to offend both the taste and smell of our new customers. Nor should its pamfication, or ability to ferment and make light bread, be destroyed py overheating and partial cooking in dry. ing corn by steam, boiling water, stoves or furnaces. lin mUuUltU hsd b«*u by pro cesses of this kind. Wheat and t orn, flour and meal, naturally contain from eleven to thirteen per cent, of water, about one half of which roust he expelled, and thr flour, or meal, well packed in rood barrels, or water-pns»f sacks, to exclude haul moisture and common air. It does not re- quire that water should be up to a boiling heat to cook flour, meal, meat, <*ggs, potatoes, and corn. This remark appli<« alike to $tareh, gluten, and albumen, Hence, in drying the seeds of cereal plants, and meat, the temperature should never be raised much above lie- heat of a summer's sun.sav 13D degrees. This is abundant in Georgia. and wilf be in every other Sutr for drying corn. By taking a little inure time to drive off the moiature tt 1 coin para lively low teiopemturr, not the leaurt ch< ini< aj (ban re or < <*>k.tig takes pin. e. The natural flat or and fermenting properties of the meal are fully preserved. Tina is a matter of great an porta ru e. Instead of plating corn, w heat, or meal on heated iron cylinder!, platee, or brh k, it should be deaic ated by hot and dry air aent up through the grain and carrying off tu dampnraw, without heating a single kernel more than 130 or 14" degreea. The shall'.* bina which hold corn or wheal should have a fine wire cute-like bottom, resting on a (trong tram< . ao an to permit lie*ted air to paaa upward through the «ieve and yet hold the grain. Thcae drying hina ahould he made to tip like a common cart body, and deliver well-dried grain in a atorage mom, whu bah >uld be in the drying-houae to prevent the realiaorptionof moiature from the atmuapnere, ta-fori the corn or wheat ia ground and put up in tnrrela. In an ordinary na>m. perfectly dried meal or flour will imbibe from the air from eight to ten per t eat. of water in twenty four or thirty hours, according to the weather, ft ia of/* ton- this tendency moat lie guarded against drain ahould In- ground aa auon aa nay br after it has been dried,and the meal or flour lie well put up for market. Tie- drying-building ahould ia«t a double wall to keep out damp ; it should he well ventilated above, with light abutter!. and heated by large stove*. or furtiace*, m the basement, to the prurn r temperature, tinder all the grain in the eatanlianmi tit In Uiia way common men hautabb grain < an la economically dried, ao a* to keep iu tight barrels for any length of time in any ' lunate, without the least o rioration to the meal or (l«ir. " AV T primi uai* tr<- ojr iif fiiin bell*. ui alcohol, and morkirir thi* gun.. m-hieh > nwdubke in wiltr, into the of uk hat Heavy < otton tagging ip generally < h< ap in Georgia, and tp uaed lor aar king flour and maal. To prrrwt dried meal froin imbibing dtniplina through tbe'wlag*. at our aoggemtion. they are partially aatu rated with thi* gum P«-rhap» India rubber or gutt* perc ha would 1* liettrr an »> li a* < he per Grain, flour, and mml must not only b> fairly dried, (not . ontain over five or ais prr r ent, of m ater.) hut it moat be kept in that condition, whether In a damn liar, in the hold of a \#a*> , or ciarwberr Miller* ahould iiave their flrair bar re la a- light aa they well can, and learn to t'-et the quantity ol m ater in one hundred part* of mhewt, corn, flour, and tneal One hundred grain* of ordinary flour or tneal put ,m a pier e ill white paper fi\e or ail inrle* *qu*r>. and true placed on a plate in a atovi aa hot aa it ran be, and not hum or won h theDefer; and then, if , etirred a little m ith the point of a dry, i Iran knife, it will Irweaiuneten per <en». ofita Weight in thirty or forty minute* by drying. A little pra< tier will rnahe one familiai with the operation, anrl the ,iampnea> of hrradatufb. In hot rliinatea grain can be dried aii!fi< leritlir in the run to ke« p well, if immediately collided from fbe anrrounding almumpbcre Tin* ohje, t haa Ion* een attained in Spain, Kgypt. and parte of Aata, by burying m beat In pita dug into Uie dry earth, which are i loaed with tight cot era, pitched over to e*r lude 'he air. A large cement clat'-m, quite irnpervioua to water, if filled with dry wheat, r orn, or meal, and herrr»eti< ally aealed, would retain ita organised frmd teilhamf eAong*. tor indefinite ag»-» Airtight, cool, eartlieri re«« rvmri, which will bold from .WW) to lO/KWt buabrU. will arain t>e< onatria ted in all ritirw, if not by farmer*, in keeping grain, apple*, pot* toe*, and provianw* The arience of preaerving human k'd l* iri Ita infancy. Home of our reader* K(M>« in' i t,'iryinff potatoes <m>i »p pjea in dry earth three «»r four fert<ieep, where ihey remain nine month- ot linger, if need I*, without heat, air, water, rottinjrnt eprnutinff To preserve vegetable, butter, lar'l, ana meat, mu< h pmit n >ew York than in (»«*p*; but it ran he done ,n both States, fciui Hi all < lltneles Tlie ellhjfv t. I,. * WW. Hi very littk nU« r by farmers if [gut iston 'iftlwi A^IICVlfril TM« LB*Df*« IWTttWt. It I* nun poK-i thst three fourth* of the population of the wintry are 'niploTfi In atjri< ulture ; the other miarter being <1jvirfed MMM all other < mploy men* ana prof» srions Beaniea. the mnrhanir, tm manufacturer, the merchant anH the profjfesiona man, are all mainly dependent upon the fartn*' for patronage *nr » pport When the farmer* a* < laae are prosperous, all others participate in then j,r<ieperity From this it follows thai whateve *fits the af r>' 'Utural rLaas. diiwfly bwnefit <tbree-fourth* of tiw people, wid uidirectly benefits the other fourth. Surely, then, the formers liave a r»gAt to demand of the government the means to sustain their agricultural societies, and to collect and diaeeminate important information relative to their calling. Let the light of science and education be brought to the aid of agriculture. Let our resources be developed, and the skill and industry of the husbandman be directed into their proper channels, and that would soon be obtained in which not only the farmer would rejoice, but the whole community with him.- Main* Farmer. Such facts as the above cannot be too widely disseminated; and if our editorial brethren will only press the attachment of a Bureau of Agriculture to the newly-formed Home Department of the general government, we may hope for a channel through which agricultural improvements may be made known. Is it not ridiculous that the interests of turee-quarters of the whole community should t>e left as secondary in importance to those uf one-quarter? We admire the praelice of the Society of Friends, "to pay due deference to the wishes of a respectable minority," but cannot consent that our politeness should so far interfere with our interests as to permit the minority alone to be fostered by government patronage..Mapet'» American Farmer. Toll* on Ma sum kt..Much would be added to the wealth of our country if turnpike companies would permit manured to pass over their roadd without the payment of toll; and when the tranaportation of increased production id taken into account, the companies tbeindelvea would be the gainer« by the reform. Every inducement should be offered to farmers calculated to make a market for the refuse of fa» lories, &c., which are now lost, but might la- rendered productive of real wealth to the country, if brought into use. Untold amount* of waste at the salt- workd of our State would be used as manured, if the canal UM on thia article, when required a* manure, could be lessened so aa to deliver the dirty or unmerchantable salt along the line of the Hudson river. The English farmers pay neither tolln nor duty on salt for agricultural purposes, and the wealth of the nation lias in consequence been permanently increased to a much larger amount than all the duties ever collected on salt, under the ohl law. One hundred thousand dollars' worth of dirty salt could be sold annually at the city of New York for twelve and a half cents per bushel, which is now wasted for want of a practicable market, and the increased annual product in vegetable results would be so many times that amount..Mape*'* American Farmer. THE REPUBLIC. WASHINGTON: WEDNESDAY MORNING, SEPT. 12, 1849 The Timet. Wise, indeedj beyond their generation are they who can look coldly upon the commotions into which the public mind is thrown by the collisions of party or the events which shape the destinies of Christendom. Happy are they who can contemplate without emotion the contests which undermine the fate of administrations, the crises which shape the policies of governments, or the struggles which seal the doom of civilization. The concentration of stoicism which maintains an icy equilibrium amidst the tempest which sways the opinions, nay the passions of men.passions which result in actions affecting for weal or wo the happiness, the fortunes, and the liberties of teeming millions.is a spiritualization which we may wonder at, if not admire, in the abstract, if we cannot hope to emulate it in practice. Full many a headache does that man escape who can walk in the focus of popular clamor and excitement without heed: .i :_ :_i » i i L uiK men iiiieui, <mu a> maii^ a ueanacne he who can witness the throes of a newborn impulse of liberty without sympathy in its success. It is safe to lift one's head above the things which agitate and convulse society; it is a privilege to smoothe one's brow perpetually in empyrean dew, whilst others toil, and sweat, and heave, to cast from them burdens too grievous to be borne. The spirit which is too sublimated to be disturbed by element* that sweep the earth and the people w ho are upon it, will find sleep while others mourn ; and the heart which excludes from its sympathy whatever concerns not itself directly, w ill beat gently when others are bursting. ft is, perhaps, in the hopelessness of attaining an isolation of soul so intense as t defy the influences which impress themselves uf»on the times in which we live, that we content ourselves with the Providence which cast us in the temper of other men. It is in obedience to this infirmity of common people, which we must fain acknowledge, that we have taken part in the discussions which concern this country; and have felt a deep and, we trust, a justifiable interest in the catastrophes which awaited others. We could not see a brave old patriot, who had entwined the nati iiiale»cutclieon with its irreenest leaves. traduced, and misrepresented, and scoffed | at, without having a word with the scorner*. Nor could we witness the attempt to hlacken and disparage an administration for the purpose of withdrawing the public mind from the malfeasance of it* predecessor*, without exposing the strat| egy o( an implacable and truculent oppo; sition. Perchance^ in doing this duty.for, looking at the progress of events fiom a level with other men, we so consider it. we may have added something to the excitement of party strife; but it is not for us to withdraw from the contest, though the Opposition tender battle upon term* which engender heat. They elected the mode of warfare, and they had to be met, or else allowed to ride rough-shod over a prostrate party, it is not the temper in which it i* pleasing to conduct a campaign; it not the spirit which betoken* the wisest and happiest results, or i* most creditable to the country or the press. But it required more philosophy than wr can boast to look calmly on and see thr (Government wrested from the hands of t pure and good President, because thosr who would wrench it from him use meanwhich prove them unworthy of the trust. It may be, that in the warmth of di* cuasion and the excitement of conflict, wr may commit blunders; (we claim no ex emption from the infirmities of human na ture;; we mat be misled to do injustice k an opponent. '»r wound a friend; the*« wmjiu uri»*r m tuurr: 111*11 'mir rrpugTianc? I to ebullition >»| natural emotion, were no* the natiafartioii of repairing a wroqg greatei than that of /lining a victory by peramt ance in error , Through tin nam* nunceptibility to th» ' | influtLcen « ich affect tho*e around an . have »p been touched by the tniggle" foi MMi equal lights which have made the greater part of Europe a scene of strife. Nor shall we be ashamed of the sympathy which we entertained for the insurrectionary masses, who periled themselves for a glimpse of liberty, should the reactionary victories of late end in the catastrophe to which they tend. If they did not succeed, they at least deserved to do so : unless it be a crime to hope for and to fight for liberty because those who fell in her cause were unable to comprehend all her beauties. Their oppressors had for cen turies held the enlightenment of the subject as dangerous to the prince, and the revolutionary levies rose to their work as from a darkness so profound as to make ikn I wrhf Knu/ilr)ni<in/* TK/iir iirill n a! uic u^aii i7v v* uut-i iij^. i iiv y v* in tiwv sleep so long again. The same sympathy with what is around and about us, which induced us to expose and repel the assaults of the Opposition in this country upon the Administration of a wise and patriotic citizen, has impelled us to express indignation at the conduct of a representative of the United States abroad, who has invoked the Cossack to crush the nationality of Hungary and extinguish the torch of liberty wherever it burns in Europe. In the hereditary institutions of the country, in the traditions of centuries of obedience, in the wasting of long acquiescence under oppression, the masses of Europe have enough to contend against, without the prestige of the opposition of a representative of the United States being thrown into the balance of despotism. In joining the league of Legitimists and Absolutists, Mr. Walsh misrepresented the Government of the United States, and every man in it, except perchance those rare and ethereal spirits whose bodies only are on earth, whilst their heads are ever in the cool of the blue welkin. Such may, indeed, look calmly upon the apostacy of France, philosophically upon the degradation of Rome, and complacently upon the desecration of Hungary But of thes6 there are not enough m the United States to be represented any where in Europe, and especially in the first capital on the continent. The remainder of the people of America have a right to insist that their consul to Paris will at least not begrudge them the sympathy which the prosperous owe to the children of suffering, though their humanity cost them a sigh, perchance a tear for those who have lost all but honor. . Tht Censure of General Taylor'* Conduct at Monterey. It gives us much regret to have been instrumental in wounding the feelings of Mr. McLanf.'8 friends to the extent we have done by our paragraph of last week. We can heal them only by correcting in the broadest manner the false impression which the paragraph was calculated to pro duce. To suppose that there was any design, on the part of the person who sent it to us for publication, to make a misstatement, is only absurd. The only pos sible reparation, however, that can be made we have made. We have stated that Mr. McLane served in the army six or seven years after leaving West Point. We will add that he served with credit. Furthermore, we have stated that Mr. McLane did not vote for the resolution of Jacob Thompson censuring the conduct of (Jeneral Tatlor at Monterey. We will add that, so far from having done so, Mr. McLane approved of General Taylor's conduct on that occasion; and that it was /us immediate predecessor, ami not himself, who voted for the proviso in question. The friends of Mr. McLane show a \ery proper resentment, in view of what they consider an opprobrious charge. The Union repels it with the same Billingsgate terms which the junior editor employed the other day to stigmatize a journal which had accused Mr Burke of being the author of an article which appeared in his own columns. Mr. Burke protested that he was not the author, and abused the person who accused him of it, in language which he would have used, probably, to any one who had charged him with nirLincr a norkft The artirle wau , 9 i vile enough, no d ubt; and Mr. Burke was right in repelling with indignation the charge of having written it; but the display of anger wan but a left-handed compliment to Mr. Ritchie, or the other 14 young and vigorous mind" associated with Mr.- Ritchie in conducting the Union. So the indignation which Mr. Burke and the friends of Mr. McLane now show, at the idea of his being charged with voting for Jacor Thompson's proviso, in all right; wr appreciate it.we nympathi/.e with it.we like to «ee it. We nhould have felt very much in the same way ourselves, if we had been accused or suspected of having done the same thing, But what a left-handed compliment it is to the one hundred and ten Locofocos who voted for that same proviso! What a left. handed compliment is this indignant re pudiation to Mr. McLane's immediate i jwedecessor in Congress.whose name ap pears in the list we have already published a L. I 1 a i. r i , hi im one nunareo ann ten i/jcoioco* wnc did vo4e for that shameful proviso. But what wa« the disgrace of voting for that proviso, compared with that of belong ing to a party represented by such jour nals a- the Vnum and the Jlrfus' II ) Mr. Mi La*e had voted for J acob Thomp t so*'* proviso, he might have survived i it.but how is he to escape from the di« t honor of being defended by the journals r which abound Hail\ in the low ait libel- and the vilest caricatures of the great and gmxl man, whom Mr. McLaIVK claim- to have dffmrltd again«t the unjust cen-ure of hi, party a««oaate« > r We rejoice that Locofocoi-rn i- coming THE REPUBLIC. to its senses with regard to the abuse and outrage with which it has loaded General Taylor, from the day it became probable that the people would select him as their candidate for the Presidency. Locofocoism now sees and feels that it would deservedly injure a man's political prospects to be supposed capable of having voted with Jacob Thompson on his infamous proviso; and yet how many Locofocos in the House, on its passage, ventured to dissent from its propriety? We have seen no tribute to General Taylor's great and growing popularity which compares, in emphasis and significance, wilh the anxiety evinced by Mr. McLane's friend* to be relieved from the charge of having voted with his party for that proviso, and the acquiescence of the Locofoco press in the idea that, if true, it ought to injure Mr. McLanc with the people. Twelve months will not pass over our heads before Locofocoism will arrive at a similar conclusion with regard to all the other abuses and outrages of which General Taylor has been, and continues to be, the subject. Thr Wage* of Labor. We find in the Union of the 11th instant the following paragraph, copied from the Eat/ton (Pa.) Jlrtrusy a Democratic paper, without comment: The good Tavlor times..Sixty cent* a day!. We have received two letters from Catasuuquu, Lehigh county, informing us that the wages of many of the hands working at the Crane Iron Works have been reduced from sevkntv to SIXTY cent* a day! Ab our informant** arc respectable men, there can be no doubt about the fact, and we presume that our amiable friend, Mr. Thomas, will scarcely deny it this time. Is this a speeimen of the "good times" we were (o have under the Taylor Administration ? This is one of the blessings of the tariff of 184b. The farther we carry out the notions of the Free-trade school.the greater the extreme to which we push the doctrine that the sum of human wisdom is to "buy cheap and sell dear''.the nearer we shall bring the wages of American industry to the pauper standard of Europe. In the tariff of 1846, capital has got the better of labor. The consuming classes have outwitted the producing classes. The cap italist finds that his money will buy more; the laborer, that his toil will sell for less. This is all right, says the Free-trader.that is the very state of things which ought to exist, when you can buy the most labor with the least money. The only wonder is, that the iron-master is able to pay sixty cents a day to laborers, under the state of things produced by the tariff of 1846. The present stagnation in the iron interest of Pennsylvania has been the consequence of that act.an act passed by men who defrauded the people of that State into the belief that in voting for Polk and Dallas they were voting for the tariff of 1842 it is estimated that upwards of seven millions of dollais are taken from the wages of the colliers, miners, furnace men, and other laborers dependent upon the iron trade, by the\perniciou» operation of the tariff of 1846 Pig-iron, which was in demand in 1845 at $37 per ton, is now sold at $'20. Railroad iron, which was worth $67 50 per ton, is now reduced below the price of profitable manufacture. Is it strange, then, that the value of labor is proportion ably diminished ? The 44 good times" that we are now enjoying.with wages reduced to sixty cents a day.are a part of our inheritance from the last administration. It would be about as sensible in the Opposition journals to throw the responsibility of the recent defalcations upon General Taylor, as to visit him or his Administration with responsibility for the 44 good times." The defalcations result from the character of the 44 men" employed by the late dynasty The 44 good times," with wages at sixty cents a day, result from the character of its 44 measures." It is by a change of 44 men" that the Whigs are to improve the morals of office. It is by a change of 44 measures" that the Whigs are to improve the 44 times." It is by the change both of men and measures that they hope, under the auspices of President Taylor, to 44 check the downward tendency of affairs," and re-tore the prosperity of the country. Thr lrl|>U-HraHrH Coalition. The article that follows, for which we are indebted to the Boston Daily ~idvtr/wer, discusses the triple coalition between the Kree-Soiler», Abolitionists, and Locofocos, whose professed object is to break down the Administration of 44 President Tanoa, the southern slaveholder." We cannot but rejoice that this base and dis gustin^ coalition has been signally rebuked in Vermont and Rhode Island. In both those States ihe Whig party proper have triumphed by signal majorities over the combined forces of the Opposition. We commend the article we copy from the Jldrrrtiser to the especial attention of our readers. THE COALITION. Tl» great political question of the day, on the solution «.f w hi' h apparently depend, more than on any other event, the future destinies of the country, is. what will he the result of the double coalition, now negotiating. between the three parties opposed to the Administration. The object of this attempted eon lition M to break down the present Administration, for tli/ purpose of founding a new Darty on its ruina. til other political qtrcstionsare, for the present, alm«sl in abeyanre, from the reliance which is placed by the Democratic, the Abolition, and tiie Free Noil part ten, on the combined effort which they are now making to overthrew the Whig party. The indiffcreru . with which principles, hitherto strenuously adhered to by the members of these partisa, appear to be now regarded, and the earnestness with which men, but recently professiiufdirei tly opposite prtncipbs, now co operate for the attainment of thisob jeel, naturally eacite surprise It is gratifying to observe, from the signal failure of tb< attempted coalition, in the late elections in Rhode lulanrt and Vermont, that there is a repug. - 1 ta^.. ..t i " '!»# f)mpfW*-f| pwi nr -r * rl i < lirimin-u political prirv iplee, nti the pert of the maaa of the people, which the Imdera of thoac par tie* bad not antKi pa led. It ia to be hoped that thin repugnance roay «ave the country from the dtaaatera with which the aic e«« of Ihia unprincipled alliance threatened What ia particularly atrikiag in thia coalition ia, that leading men who enter into it for the purpnae of overthrowing the eaiatin# Adminietralion. do not perceive the danger of coalearinff for the attainment of thia object, with men with whom, if they are honest in their own professions, they know they hall not be able to co-operate in carrying into effect any system of government, should they succeed, by their joint efforts, in overthrowing that which already exists. How far one of the parties to thia uew junction of force* ia willing to go in sacrificing principle*, measures, and men, to a temporary success, may be aeen by the resolution* of the New York State Democratic Convention, which we published yesterday. A committee ia authorised to withdraw the names of the gentlemen nominated for certain of- fices, if the Free-Soil Convention at Utica shall adopt as its nominees the remainder of the Democratic ticket. The party represented at Syracuse have thus not only made up their minds to surrender to temporary expediency the only objects for which it was worth while for them to establish an organization, but have delegated to a committee the power of making bargains as to the persons who shall be their candidates. Union built up in this manner is nothing but the beginning of confusion, as has been seen recently in the cases to which we have alluded, and should have been well known l>efore. Another exhibition of this attempt upon the part of leaders to unite different elements to form a coin- pound of which no one of them is an essential or controlling part, is to be found in the attempt to oppose the Whig candidate, in t.h« only congrea- sional district now remaining unrepresented iu Massachusetts Free-Soil in shaking hands with Abolitionism, and it seems to be hoped tliat the mutual politeness may induce even old-fashioned and "unterrificd" democracy to join in the conclave. » On the basin of a love for " Free Soil," it seems to be intended to form a party, which, regardless of all other interests, objects, or principles, shall defeat the hope of giving the existing National Administration a majority in Congress. No other bond of union is offered than the one cry in which the two organizations of Abolitionists.opposing and hating each other.are willing to unite. It is the cry deprecated by Washington in that oftenquoted prophetic passage of his farewell address, in which ne warned us against sectional'parties and geographical divisions. It is thecry of disunion. The project of the parties to whom we allude, if they have any consistency, or any hope in their presentcon test,cannot wcllfallshort of that of a dissolution of the Union. When Mr. Palfrey made it a turning-point with regard to his vote for Speaker, whether or no Mr. Winthrop would privately pledge himself to use his official position, if elected, to draw a sectional line between two portions of the country; nay, before that, when the same geutlnman threw as a firebrand into the Whig convention the naked proposition that we would not vote for a slaveholder, this cry of disvnion was raised. We have no disposition to be alarmists, and there is no occasion for immediate alarm in this case, because the good sense of the people will counteract the intended mischief. It cannot, however, be concealed that the movements attempted in Vermont and Rhode Island, after having been partially successful in Connecticut, and now to be once more tried here in the Middlesex district, are fraught with danger to our institutions, or at least founded in opposition to them. The foundation of a party for national purposes upon a basis from which a large part of the nation is necessarily and unavoidably excluded, iB of itself a grave matter and a grave error. An attempt to unite such u party with a large existing party organization, and to induce that organization to abandon for a temporary purpose its men, measures, and principles.the inducement being the hope of cutting apart by a blow the nations relations of the north and the south.is one so foolish as well as wrong, that wc cannot think that it can be successful. Hi the mean time such coali- Uons can only De oppona oy "a union of Whigs for the sake of the Union." Maryland The Third Congressional District. We publish below (says the Baltimore Patriot) an address to the voters of the third district, from Mr. G. W. Gray, the Whig candidate for Congress in that district. Mr. Gray is a gentleman of fine talents, and an accomplished scholar, of much political experience, an eloquent ahd forcible speaker, fearless in the expression of his sentiments, and in every respect qualified to give vigorous and manly support to the Administration. 7b the votert of the Third. Cvngrrttional Diatriet. Fkllow-Citizsns : You hnvc already been notified of my nomination by the Whig convention which assembled in the city of Hultimore on the 1st instant.a nomination unsolicited and wholly unexpected by me.the result of the spontaneous action of your delegates. 1 have never sought political advancement or official station; but if an ardent attachment to the interests of the Htate and of the nation, and an unshaken reaolution to discharge faithfully whatever duty may devolve upon me, can entitle ine to your cordial support, I pledge them with confidence and without hesitation. Believing that the welfare of our beloved country will be amply secured by the Administration to which the sovereign voice of the people lias entrusted the reins of government, I shall endeavor to sustain it with all the ability and energy I posses*. It is known that Uie present Chief Magistrate was not my first choice. My heart was too firmly bound by the cords of affection to the venerable Sage of Ashland, to admit of any other preference; but, having in early life buckled on the Whig armour, and stotal firm in the ranks through long years of darkness, defeat, and disaster, I could not faulter, or hold back, when the Whig banner was placed in the hands of one so worthy to receive it, a* the hero of Monterey ami Hunii Vista. General Taylor has but just entered upon the discharge of those responsible duties which your suffrages have contributed to inip<iar upon hiin. Hi* triumph* on the bloody fields of Mexico are still freah in your memories. His wis<ioni, his virtues, his honesty, bis true republican simplicity, are well known, and for these he has been promoted by a grateful nation. He has done nothing to cool the ardor of his friends, or to induce a withdrawal of confidence. No objectional line of policy has been indicated, and every thing pr<Miu«ea well for the fu tore. Having put your hand to the plough, will you now stop and leave the furrow but half turned? Shall he be trammelled by a majority opposed to every measure he may favor or recommend ? Is it reasonable, is it just, that he should be condemned without an impartial trial? Aid, then, in giving him a working majority in the House of Repriwentalives ; and while he so proudly upbears the standard under which be entered the campaign of l*4H, let it advanre to the honor and glory of the republic. Very respectfully, GEORGE W GRAY Baltimosb CoriTt, Sept. 7, IN* coasaseoTinaNcB or thi baltinoss satbiot. N«w Yoaa, Sept. 6, HM<>. The Whigs of New York, and, I think I may add, uw v\ nig* (H tne i niim, ieei it oeep inirrMim your coming ron|(r«annml election. All rytnirr turned upon you; the Old Maryland Line, which haa never failed in the time of need, ha* now again to rescue and to wrr the Whig* of the Union. If you ring loud ymir alarm-hell, turn out well on election day, and poll a toll vote.of cmiiw there ia then a Whig victory, and the House of Jleprcemtativca ia made Whig by your eaertiona. Maryland alone can now eave the llouac of Re preaentativea in Washington. If yon do well, all'a well. If you loae. all ia loat. Remember then the magnitude of the atake. Rememlier the honor of the Old Maryland Line--and once more arrure for ua all a complete triumphant victory. A Niw Voaa M C. The Hon. Elijah Hiak, late United Statea Charg£ to Guatemala, arrived in this city on the evening of the 10th in- -taut, and ha* taken lodging* » " illard n hotel. H on nrl I aln nrl. On the '29th ultimo there were at thir* place one two-m anted and one three-ma«t ed nchooner, the steamer Water-Witch, and the Albany.all belonging to the United State*. Another nteamer, the name of which wan unknown, arrived on the name day. Several of the party at Hound Inland had gone on board the Albany; and Captain Randolph intended to -end them and nuch other* a* left the inland to Mobile, rather than New Orleann; thinking that in the nmaller city they would have greater inducement* to di«peme. Messrs. Wheelbr &. Co., of New York, have opened a store at the corner of Pennsylvania avenue and Tenth street, which is one of the handsomest in the city. Their assortment of stationery and materials for the desk and office is as per- feet as can be found in the country, and will be a great convenience to the citizeus of Washington. '1%: Pohtmahtek General luie tslubltdud, discontinued, and changed the rite and name» of ttu following offiret during the week, Sept. Hth, 1H4<I. eht ablihhel). Office. County, State. New appointmt. Ku.it Poland Cumberland Me. Giliuau Martin Braggville Middleaex Mann. Dcii'h Hartshorn Western)an'a MilU Baltimore Md. Levi Blade L. Driumnond Norfolk Va. Alfred Wallace Milford Caroline Va. R. F. Darracott Crow Creek Wood Va. H. M. Tygart Shady Spring Fayette Va. Henry Hull Greigsville Preaton |Va. Edgar Hernana Silver Mill uaviason «. u. tJtias. t. seiaeli Green Po id Union dint. [8. C. Jehu Gregory Hopewell Jennings lu. John 8. Tnuiiuin Neel's Creek Jefferson la. Josh. C. Tibbets Way Ripley la. Geo. Conoway Reaver Boone 111. Amzi Abbe Saint Aubert Calloway Mo. Louis Robion Kirkville Wapello Iowa Hy. Kirkpatriek Montezuma Powcslieike Iowa Isaac G. Wilsou Cooksvillc Roek Win. J. D. Chambers Ashton Dane Wis. Geo. Gillatt Utier's corners Walworth Wis. E. B. Older DISCONTINUED. Crescent Mount, Braxton county, Virginia. Kosciusko, Gilmer county, Virginia. Kinderhook, Washington county, Virginia. Burnett'* Mill*, Fauquier county, Virginia. Merry Point, Lancaster county, Virginia. Farnharn, Richmond county, Virginia. Catourah, Greenville District, South Carolina. Ivy Blutf, Columbus county, North Carolina. Rockville, Rowan county, North Carolina. Golgotha, Cobb county, Georgia. Rasselus, Campbell county, Georgia. Rough and Ready, Fayette county, Georgia. Pleasant Ridge, Greene county, Alabama. Pine Forest, Bibb county, Alabama. Hard Times, Tensas Parish, Louisiana. Grand Cut.-off, Concordia parish, Louisiana. Daviston, St. Landry parish, Louisiana. Corydon, Franklin parish, Louisiana. Monterey, Rankin county, Mississippi. Ruin, St. Francis county, Arkansas. Jericho, Pulaski county, Arkansas. Fouche Dumas, Randolph county, Arkansas. Rock Hill, White county, Tennessee. River View, Obion county, Tennessee. Hate hie Bottom, Shelby county, Tennessee. Fair Garden, Sevier county, Tennessee. Snider's, Washing-ton county, Kentucky. New Market, Marion county, Kentucky. Line Creek, Pulaski county, Kentucky. Crank's Creek, Harlan county, Kentucky. State Line, Jasper county, Indiana. Daman Run, Porter county, Indiana. Pleasant Grove, Macoupin county, Illinois. Elm Grove, Clay county, Missouri. Lakcvillc, Racine county, Wisconsin. Farmingion, Jefferson county, Wisconsin. NAMES AND SITES CHANUED. Durham, Cumberland county, Missouri.name changed to ''West Durham." Southwest Bend, Cumberland county, Maine. named changed to "Durtiam." West Gardiner, Kennebcck county, Maine. name and site changed to " French's Corner," and John W. Herrick appointed postmaster. Sweden, Oxford county, Maine.site changed, and Jacob S. Powers appointed postmaster. Rucksville, Lehigh county, Pennsylvania.name changed to "Mechanicsboro." Orr's Corners, Mahoning county, Ohio.name and site changed to "Hanna's Mills," and David lianna appointed postmaster. Austin, Oakland county, Mic.h'n. name changed lo "Taylorsville," and Thos. Terwilliger appointed postmaster. Long Level, Cabell county, Virginia.name and site cluuiged to "Mud Bridge," and John M. Reese appointed postmaster. Fair Grove, Davidson county. North Carolinasite changed, and John W. Thomas appointed postmaster. Providence, Huuiter district, South Carolina.site or,,! I I riiotio. i . Gully, Darlington district, South Carolina.name and site changed to "Swift Creek." and C. J. Flinn appointed postmaster. Bellrfontaiue, Choctaw county, Miss! sippi.site changed, and William MrCoinlie* appointed postmaster. St. Joseph's, Refugio county, Texas name changed to "Aransas," and Win. H. Jones appointed postmaster. Huntersville, Madiaon county, Tennessee.name changed to "Andrew's Chapel." Big Foot Prairie, Mc Henry county, Illinois. name and aite < hanged into Walworth county, Wisconsin, and Fldridgc G. Ayer appointed prist master. Martinsville, Walworth county, Wisconsin name changed to "Vienna," and Winslow P. Storms appointed postmaster. Merrimack Mills, Crawford county. Missouri. name changed to "Short Bend." Border, Harrison county, Texas-site changed, and Thomas F. Rives appointed postmaster I.ixct Gbanam, R. N., and Mr. Flliot, recently officers of the British sloop Childers, from which they were accused of deserting on the coast of South Africa, have recently been Arraigned before a courtmartial on board of the Imprngnable.at Devenport, and found guilty. They were declared incapable of again bring employed in any civil or military capacity, and sentenced to be imprisoned -the lieutenant for twelve, and the master for six months, in the common jail of Exeter. This unusual imprisonment for s miUtary crime in a rtrii place of confinement, elicits much comment in England. Accihist..A son of the Hon James Cooper, Hens tor of the United States from Pennsylvania, about eleven years of age, recently met with a most diatreaaing accident near the junction of the Mount Carbon and Reading railroad, in Berk* county. While atanding on a train of car* drawn by horaea, hr attempted to jump to the ground, but fell, and wu run ewer by the train, which aevcred one of hia liinha from the body. The bark Florida kc incorrectly aaid to have been aeired by the agent of the United State* for the aame reaaon* that the New Orb-en* and Hra-Gull were. She i* about 2A0 tone, clipper built, carriea ftcur gun*, and ran accommodate ninety paaaengera. She lia* been built eacluaively ft»r the Chagrea trade, and ha* already made aeveral tripa thither. Her ownern, etc., are known to la- engaged in a legitimate hueinea* Naval Ixtcllioiwck.. We learn that ihe I*. 8. veaae la Ra ritan and Saratoga, which arrived at Newport on the Kth inataat, found ordera there dire* ting them to aail at once lor Cat lalnnd. Surh waa the exigency that the veaaela immediately put to *c>c, witlioiit waiting for leftera expected from Rrntcin Thi Boot Iki a 11> Bmr> t«ap vt « have beard many at range atnrie* about the great numtwr of bird* which, being bewildered by the bright glare of the lamp on Boon ialand, fly againat the iron railing which aurrnunda the light with auc.h force aa to kill dwmelvM. We have heard thai aorne morning* aeveral buahela of dead birda have been (fathered up around the light, which had fallen victima to the brilliancy of the prrvioua night. A few dayaaincewe inquired of (apt. Thompeon. the keeper, whether there ia any truth in the atoriea. He aaya that auch devaatation waa not of daily <*-rurrenre. but thai frerpiently a large number of dead Wrda waa found around the light-honor. One morning1, about three montlia aince, there waa a rather larger number than common. Hia aaaiaf ant, Mr Metcher, gathered in one heap (Area Awn dred and rurtren birda, which had fallen thepreviotia night. There were in thia heap at leaat twenty varietiea of land and aea.birda aome of beautiful plumage, m h aa he had never aeon before Walking around the light,Cap! Thornpaon aaw many more, which would have added largely to the heap, ( f'nrtemou/A ( N H ) Jmtrnnl UcMiml Athmuuu Goat-ml Avezxaua, now attracting no much attention in New York for hi* services in the cauee ot ^ Italian freedom, it appear*, i* not a mere man of an hour, but one who ha* ibr a long time been conspicuous in more than one country. He served in the Italian army of Napoleon, and, alter the Congress of Vienna, entered the service oi Piedmont, in which he soon became a superior or field-officer. At the era of the Italian commotions of 18511, Avezzana was one of the most active and daring in the insur| rection, and on its repression tied to Spain, into the military service of which country he was received, aud a few month* after made gfjt dr balulione. The popular cause having failed in Hpuin, Avexzanu went to Mexico, then engaged in her contest ugainst Spain for independence. After participating in the alternations of tlio fortunes of that country, Avez zanu was made by Santa Anna a colonel, in which grade he won much distinction. When, however, Santa Anna unveiled his de*ign* ugainst the liberties of Mexico, Avezzana opposed him, and in the long- siege of I ainpieo commanded the constitu1 tionulist troops. Some years after tin; capitulation of Tainpico, lie established himself in New York, became a citizen, and engaged in mercantile pursuits. While there he organized the guurdia ltuliana, and, liaving been chosen president of the tociela ltuliana di benificrnza, spent a large portion of his private fortune on the hundreds of exiles who, at that crisis, were driven from Italy to America. On the breaking out of the Piedinonteae difficulties a year since, he determined again to return to Italy; and, notwithstanding the news of the disaster which he received in France, he hurried thither, and after twenty years of exile was appointed by Charles Albert commander-in-chief of the National Guard of Genoa. Some two months since we published an account of his gallant services in Piedinout, and of their disastrous finale, after which Avezzana went to Rome, and the Triumvirs was ( appointed minister of war and marine. In this caI parity he often fought at the head of the troops; and 011 me surrender ol UM* city wu driven again t<> America. These services in behalf of his native land and of liberty arc the occasion of the tribute so gracefully paid him a few days since by his compatriots and the Hungarians in New York. Literary Notice Hlacku ood's Magazinefor August, 1849. Leonard Scott & Co. From Taylor & Maury. Wc have received this sterling magazine some days after time, though we see by southern papers that it has been commented on by those who, in the ordinary course of events, would have received it after us. The paper on Charles Lamb, with which the number opens, will be read with pleasure by the admirers of that pleasant essayist, ( and, much as has been written on the vie intimc of Elia, will throw light on him and his associates. There is also a pleasant-tempered article on Mr. Melvelle's Kaloolah, and a striking review of UniI artine's Revolution of 1848, written with power, but tinctured with the opinions for which Blackwood has so long been famous. The above, a con tin ua; turn of the C a xtonh, of Christopher under canvass, an account of the insurrection in Baden, and a few lighter articles, make up the number. Bermuda and the West Indies. The Great Western arrived at New York on the Hth instant, from Bermuda, St. Thomas, Chagres, etc. She brought files from St. Thomas to the '29th ultimo, and the Bermuda Royal Mail to the 4th instant. The suinir rron at HHrhmlnM Imil h«on tamed to be good, and Uie amount of the yield of , the island was estimated at 33,000 hogsheads sugar, and 10,587 puncheons of molasses. The ground planted for the coming season is greater than ever before, and 40,000 hogsheads are not thought an ex travagant estimate of the export of next year. The St. Louis Palladium, of August 26th, has these remarks upon the sugar crop of this and the past year: "From the 1st of January to the 21st instant, tin exports amount to 3,860 hhds. 178 trs. and 1,953 bins, of sugar, 717 puns molasses, and 12 puns rum. Compared with the exports of the correspondingdate last year, this account exhibits a surplus of 309 hhds. 100 trs. 388 bbls. sugar, 286 puns molasses, and a decrease of 59 puns rum. After the 21st of ' August last year, two vessels. Castries and Ruby, took the residue of the crop, which amounted to a total of 4,089 hhds. 78 trs. and 1,673 bbls..equal in all to 4,420 hhds. of sugar, 574 puns of molasses, and 107 puns of rum. Now the two vessels at present receiving cargo, the Monarch and Osbert, will probably take 450 hhds., which, with the addition of at least 150 hhds. which are likely to await the later vcssels, would bribg up the total sugar crop of 1848 to about 6,000 hhds., or about 500 hints. over the ex- > ports of last year." In Jamaica the elections for the assembly were nearly over, and it seems that the retrenchment party, opposed to the colonial executive government, have obtained a majority. The Bermuda (iaxrtU, of Aug. 4th, says: "The R. M. 8. P. Trent, Capt. Clark, from llKGulf of Mexico, Nassau, tic.., arrived on Saturday last, with the undermentioned freight: $ 1,243,000. 30 bales cochineal, 83 cases of cigars, and 21 case* pines." The Royal .Mail says: " Mr. Watlington, owner of the brig Golden Rule, is on the eve of proceeding to Madeira, for the purpose of procuring from among the peasantry of tiiat island about fifty persons, who may be willing to emigrate to Bermuda. A number of individuuls connected wiUi .igriculture and trade, as well as the heads of families, have agreed with Mr Watlington to take the emigrants into their employment for a term of years, on their safe arrival nere." ilie intelligence uy Uu* arrival ih not later, hut somewhat fuller than before received., President Kolouque had ordered General Hilicmien to be ahot, witli five other*; and but for the earnest protest of the American and Britiah ronaula, seventeen other* would have been executed. Siliemien'a offence van, that he had attempted to excite a revolution while ftolouque wu aheent on hi* Dominican expedition. The < itolera ha* been dreadfully fatal at C.artha ir< ua. III' death* a im muting to ninety or one hundred I a day previoua to Annual l*t, but at the la*t advice* wa* *ubaiding with great rapidity. The country people were no much terrified that they would not come into the town with provision*, and the auffer ing few the want of them had greatly augmented the fatality of the plague. The new* from the French island* of Martinique and Guadaioupe wa* to August 15th. There wa* , very great discontent baratuw the home government hail not promptly paid the indemnity Hue for the rnanumitted alavea. The diaturhancea occanioncd t»y the popular elcctiona hart mainly aubaided. At the end of July, there were '23H prraona in priaon at Point a Petre for violationa of the public pence. We take from the Oeneaar Farmer the Hlnwing Hat- which, however, ia far froin being1 complete of Agricultural Faira during the preaent year : New York Htate,at Nyracuae. Srpt. U, 12, |3 Cortland county. Homer, Sept. 2b, 27. Chetriung " Horae Heada, Oct. 17,18. Delaware " Delhi, Oct. 3. Raaex " Keeaevillr, Sept. 18, 19. Geneaee " Hatavia, Oct. 4,6. Herkiiner Herkimer, Sept. 6, 7. Jefferaon " Wntertowa, Sept. 88, 27. Irivingaton " (ieiimeo, Sept. 4,5. Monroe " Rocheatcr, Sept. 96,27. Orleana " Albion, Sept. '27, '2*. Onondaga " Hyracuae, Oct. 3, 4, 6. Oneida " Hampton. Sept. 26,27. 4 Renaaelaer Troy, Sept. 26,26, 27. Saratoga " MeohanicavilleSept. Seneca Ovid, Oct. 4, 6. Suffolk Greenport, Oct. 2.I Wayne " Palmyra, Sept. 26,27. Wyoming " Waraaw, Sept. 2. Wutiiuinr < Wkl^k.M o .. ....... .m..,, am. IT, ®' Ynt/n Pen Yen. (Vt. 6, 6. Michigan State, Detroit, Sept. 26. 27, Maryland SUte, Baltimore, Ort. 10, II, II. Provincial, (Can.) Kingston. Sept. 11,19,90,21. W orrea'reo. ( Ma.) Worcester, Sept. 90. Ka«r* co., " Salem, Sept. 27. Middltm, ' Concord, Oct. 3. N. Haven, (Conn.) N«w Haven, Sept. 25, 96, 27 Medina county (O.) Medina, Sept. 96,27. tahtabula «' " Jefferann. Sept. 13. Geauga " " Hurton, Sept. 19, 90. Portage " " Havenna, Sept. 96, 27 Mahoning " " Ulifield, Oct. 2,8. Clinton " " Wilmington, Oct. 17, IH, 19. Trumbull " " Warren, Sept. 25,96, 27 Ruaa " " Cliillirnthr. Oct. 5,6. Dirking " " Newark, Ort. 3, 4. Delaware " " Delaware, Ort. 2, 3. Clermont " " Malaria, Sept. 25. |/)la Mohtba and her huahand have left Pari* for Germany. Haa aire gone to introduce Mr Ilea hi to the ea -king of Bavaria? , J

The Republic. (Washington [D.C.]). 1849-09-12 [p ]. · N ^" Ulisffllanfooa. HUNGARY. "Freedom'sbattle once begun, ThoughIwiifled oft, is ever won." J. Alasfor Hungary' prostrate andchained,

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. ^ N

^"Ulisffllanfooa.HUNGARY.

"Freedom's battle once begun,Though Iwiifled oft, is ever won."

J.Alas for Hungary' prostrate and chained,

Beneath the feet of despots low she lies.She, who flung wide her banner to the skit*,

By conquest gilded and by valor stained;What! shall her cause no longer be maintained?

Must she, deserted, grovel in the dust,Without one boon from generous Freedom gained?

Forbid it. Heaven! Forbid it, faith and trust

In virtue, courage, constancy, and allThat most ennobles men, resolved to win

Most glorious victory, or, fighting, fall <

In the red midst of liattle's wildest din.t'Tis not in hearts so brave to quail or yield,jWhile Uie broad laud holds one unconquered field,

II. i

No! step by step shall she again achieveThe mighty independence that belongsTo men impatient of Oppression's wrongs.

And resolute to triuinpb more than grieveO'er dark misfortune. Sin shall nobly heave

The burden from her breast, and stand once moreProudly amid the nations famed of yore.

And a brt.'hi memory to the future leave.Kossuth survive*.hi* hero soul still beat*

Invincible, and patriot armies sendBold, martial -trains front their unsealed retreats,

Vowing* to fight victorious to the end.Where glow such hopes, where burn such high desires.Nor cloud nor storm can quench fair Freedom's

fires' PARK BENJAMIN.

From thr (ieruift Farmrr.

Export and Preservation of BreadstnffaTheexport of breadstuffs from the United Statesto Great Britain and Ireland is steadily on the increase.From September 1st, 1H48, to July of thepresent year, the export of corn was 11,472,017bushels against 3,3Hb,b36 during the correspondingperiod of toe year prev ious. In the quantity ofwheat and Hour sent to England, the grain is equallylarge. Whatever com pi tition the latter may encounterin British markets from continental or

home-grown wheat, American corn and meal, ifdelivered in good order, must be cheaper, one yearwith unother, than any other article of humanfood of equal nutritive value. In one hundredpounds ol potatoes there are seventy-five poundsof water. This renders potatoes more liable to rot,and a more precarious means of subsistence thanthe seeds of cereal plants. The latter will aloneform good bread; and hereafter they must constitutethe main dependence of the poor and laboringp«tiple of Ireland and Great Britain for daily consumption.All parties there now concede .that thelower da-sea should be provided with ways andmeans, mm*how. to command more of the comfortsof civilization than they hitherto have enjoyed.We have great faith in the maxim, "where thereis a will there is a way

" The British empire isundergoing a social revolution of no small momentto the agricultural interests of this country. It isbarely possible that the production of public pauperson a magnificent scale may continue a yearor two longer; but the turning point, if not alreadyreached, soon will be.Hiacxwooa a magazine ior juiy contains an interestingand instructive article under the expressivetitle, "The Crowning "f the Column and the

Crushing of the Pedeitai." From this we le&rn thatthe poor-rates of England have reached the immensesum of £7,000,(XX) a year; and that oneseventhof its entire population are now supportedby (he parish rate's. The whole poor-rate* for England,Scotland and Ireland for the last year were

£9,460,757 ; or about forty-seven and a half millionsof dollars. "The poor rates of Glasgow,which five years ago did not exceed £30,000 a

year for the parliamentary city, have now reached£200,000, viz Glasgow parish, £<X),000; Barony,£70,000; Gorbals, £40,000. total, £200,(XX)." Letthe independent and comparatively untaxed Americanfarmer realize the condition of society in a

city where one million qf dollar » are required to supportits public paupers a year!Had American corn meal arrived at British ports

in a sound condition, and in no degree impaired bykiln-drying, the consumption of this food would bedouble what it now is. To learn a nation to eat andlove tins great staple ofthe Union, with which it isunacquainted, we should not begin by sending sourand musty meal, to offend both the taste and smellof our new customers. Nor should its pamfication,or ability to ferment and make light bread, be destroyedpy overheating and partial cooking in dry.ing corn by steam, boiling water, stoves or furnaces.lin mUuUltU hsd b«*u by processes of this kind. Wheat and t orn, flour andmeal, naturally contain from eleven to thirteenper cent, of water, about one half of which rousthe expelled, and thr flour, or meal, well packedin rood barrels, or water-pns»f sacks, to excludehaul moisture and common air. It does not re-

quire that water should be up to a boiling heatto cook flour, meal, meat, <*ggs, potatoes, andcorn. This remark appli<« alike to $tareh, gluten,and albumen, Hence, in drying the seeds ofcereal plants, and meat, the temperature shouldnever be raised much above lie- heat of a summer'ssun.sav 13D degrees. This is abundant in Georgia.and wilf be in every other Sutr for drying corn.

By taking a little inure time to drive off the moiaturett 1 coinpara lively low teiopemturr, not theleaurt ch< ini< aj (ban re or < <*>k.tig takes pin. e. Thenatural flat or and fermenting properties of themeal are fully preserved. Tina is a matter of greatanporta ru e.

Instead of plating corn, w heat, or meal on heatediron cylinder!, platee, or brh k, it should be deaicated by hot and dry air aent up through the grainand carrying off tu dampnraw, without heating a

single kernel more than 130 or 14" degreea. Theshall'.* bina which hold corn or wheal should havea fine wire cute-like bottom, resting on a (trongtram< . ao an to permit lie*ted air to paaa upwardthrough the «ieve and yet hold the grain. Thcaedrying hina ahould he made to tip like a common cart

body, and deliver well-dried grain in a atorage mom,whu bah >uld be in the drying-houae to prevent therealiaorptionof moiature from the atmuapnere, ta-forithe corn or wheat ia ground and put up in tnrrela.In an ordinary na>m. perfectly dried meal or flourwill imbibe from the air from eight to ten per t eat.of water in twenty four or thirty hours, accordingto the weather, ft ia of/* ton- this tendency moat lieguarded against drain ahould In- ground aa auon aa

nay br after it has been dried,and the meal or flourlie well put up for market. Tie- drying-buildingahould ia«t a double wall to keep out damp ; itshould he well ventilated above, with light abutter!.and heated by large stove*. or furtiace*, m thebasement, to the prurn r temperature, tinder all thegrain in the eatanlianmi tit In Uiia way commonmen hautabb grain < an la economically dried, ao

a* to keep iu tight barrels for any length of timein any ' lunate, without the least d» o rioration tothe meal or (l«ir." AV T primi uai* tr<- ojr iif fiiin

bell*. ui alcohol, and morkirir thi* gun.. m-hieh >

nwdubke in wiltr, into the of uk hat Heavy< otton tagging ip generally < h< ap in Georgia, andtp uaed lor aar king flour and maal. To prrrwtdried meal froin imbibing dtniplina through tbe'wlag*.at our aoggemtion. they are partially aaturated with thi* gum P«-rhap» India rubber or gutt*perc ha would 1* liettrr an »> li a* < he per Grain,flour, and mml must not only b> fairly dried, (not. ontain over five or ais prr r ent, of m ater.) hut itmoat be kept in that condition, whether In a damn

liar, in the hold of a \#a*> , or ciarwberr Miller*ahould iiave their flrair bar re la a- light aa theywell can, and learn to t'-et the quantity ol m ater in

one hundred part* of mhewt, corn, flour, and tnealOne hundred grain* of ordinary flour or tneal put,m a pier e ill white paper fi\e or ail inrle* *qu*r>.and true placed on a plate in a atovi aa hot aa it ranbe, and not hum or won h theDefer; and then, if

, etirred a little m ith the point of a dry, i Iran knife,it will Irweaiuneten per <en». ofita Weight in thirtyor forty minute* by drying. A little pra< tier willrnahe one familiai with the operation, anrl the,iampnea> of hrradatufb.

In hot rliinatea grain can be dried aii!fi< leritlir in

the run to ke« p well, if immediately collided fromfbe anrrounding almumpbcre Tin* ohje, t haa Ion*een attained in Spain, Kgypt. and parte of Aata, byburying m beat In pita dug into Uie dry earth, whichare i loaed with tight cot era, pitched over to e*r lude'he air. A large cement clat'-m, quite irnpervioua towater, if filled with dry wheat, r orn, or meal, andherrr»eti< ally aealed, would retain ita organised frmdteilhamf eAong*. tor indefinite ag»-» Airtight, cool,eartlieri re«« rvmri, which will bold from .WW) tolO/KWt buabrU. will arain t>e< onatria ted in all ritirw,if not by farmer*, in keeping grain, apple*, pot*toe*, and provianw* The arience of preaerving humank'd l* iri Ita infancy. Home of our reader*K(M>« in' i t,'iryinff potatoes <m>i »ppjea in dry earth three «»r four fert<ieep, where iheyremain nine month- ot linger, if need I*, withoutheat, air, water, rottinjrnt eprnutinff To preservevegetable, butter, lar'l, ana meat, i« mu< h pmitn >ew York than in (»«*p*; but it ran he done,n both States, fciui Hi all < lltneles Tlie ellhjfv t.I,. * WW. Hi very littk nU« r by farmersif [gut iston 'iftlwi

A^IICVlfril TM« LB*Df*« IWTttWt. It I* nun

poK-i thst three fourth* of the population of thewintry are 'niploTfi In atjri< ulture ; the othermiarter being <1jvirfed MMM all other < mploymen* ana prof» srions Beaniea. the mnrhanir, tmmanufacturer, the merchant anH the profjfesionaman, are all mainly dependent upon the fartn*'for patronage *nr » pport When the farmer* a*

< laae are prosperous, all others participate in thenj,r<ieperity From this it follows thai whateve*fits the af r>' 'Utural rLaas. diiwfly bwnefit

<tbree-fourth* of tiw people, wid uidirectly benefitsthe other fourth.Surely, then, the formers liave a r»gAt to demand

of the government the means to sustain their agriculturalsocieties, and to collect and diaeeminateimportant information relative to their calling. Letthe light of science and education be brought to theaid of agriculture. Let our resources be developed,and the skill and industry of the husbandman bedirected into their proper channels, and thatwould soon be obtained in which not only the farmerwould rejoice, but the whole community withhim.- Main* Farmer.Such facts as the above cannot be too widely disseminated;and if our editorial brethren will only

press the attachment of a Bureau of Agriculture tothe newly-formed Home Department of the generalgovernment, we may hope for a channelthrough which agricultural improvements may bemade known. Is it not ridiculous that the interestsof turee-quarters of the whole communityshould t>e left as secondary in importance to thoseuf one-quarter? We admire the praelice of theSociety of Friends, "to pay due deference to thewishes of a respectable minority," but cannot consentthat our politeness should so far interfere withour interests as to permit the minority alone to befostered by government patronage..Mapet'» AmericanFarmer.

Toll* on Ma sumkt..Much would be added tothe wealth of our country if turnpike companieswould permit manured to pass over their roaddwithout the payment of toll; and when the tranaportationof increased production id taken into account,the companies tbeindelvea would be the gainer«by the reform. Every inducement should beoffered to farmers calculated to make a market forthe refuse of fa» lories, &c., which are now lost, butmight la- rendered productive of real wealth to thecountry, if brought into use. Untold amount* ofwaste at the salt- workd of our State would be usedas manured, if the canal UM on thia article, whenrequired a* manure, could be lessened so aa to deliverthe dirty or unmerchantable salt along theline of the Hudson river. The English farmers payneither tolln nor duty on salt for agricultural purposes,and the wealth of the nation lias in consequencebeen permanently increased to a muchlarger amount than all the duties ever collected on

salt, under the ohl law. One hundred thousanddollars' worth of dirty salt could be sold annuallyat the city of New York for twelve and a half centsper bushel, which is now wasted for want of a practicablemarket, and the increased annual productin vegetable results would be so many times thatamount..Mape*'* American Farmer.

THE REPUBLIC.WASHINGTON:

WEDNESDAY MORNING, SEPT. 12, 1849

The Timet.

Wise, indeedj beyond their generationare they who can look coldly upon thecommotions into which the public mindis thrown by the collisions of party or

the events which shape the destiniesof Christendom. Happy are they whocan contemplate without emotion the contestswhich undermine the fate of administrations,the crises which shape the policiesof governments, or the struggleswhich seal the doom of civilization. Theconcentration of stoicism which maintainsan icy equilibrium amidst the tempest whichsways the opinions, nay the passions ofmen.passions which result in actions affectingfor weal or wo the happiness, thefortunes, and the liberties of teeming millions.isa spiritualization which we maywonder at, if not admire, in the abstract,if we cannot hope to emulate it in practice.Full many a headache does that manescape who can walk in the focus of popularclamor and excitement without heed:.i :_ :_i » i i LuiK men iiiieui, <mu a> maii^ a ueanacne

he who can witness the throes of a newbornimpulse of liberty without sympathyin its success. It is safe to lift one's headabove the things which agitate and convulsesociety; it is a privilege to smootheone's brow perpetually in empyrean dew,whilst others toil, and sweat, and heave, tocast from them burdens too grievous to beborne. The spirit which is too sublimatedto be disturbed by element* that sweep theearth and the people w ho are upon it, willfind sleep while others mourn ; and theheart which excludes from its sympathywhatever concerns not itself directly, w illbeat gently when others are bursting.

ft is, perhaps, in the hopelessness of attainingan isolation of soul so intense as t

defy the influences which impress themselvesuf»on the times in which we live,that we content ourselves with the Providencewhich cast us in the temper of othermen. It is in obedience to this infirmityof common people, which we must fainacknowledge, that we have taken part inthe discussions which concern this country;and have felt a deep and, we trust, a

justifiable interest in the catastropheswhich awaited others. We could not see

a brave old patriot, who had entwined thenati iiiale»cutclieon with its irreenest leaves.traduced, and misrepresented, and scoffed

| at, without having a word with the scorner*.Nor could we witness the attemptto hlacken and disparage an administrationfor the purpose of withdrawing thepublic mind from the malfeasance of it*

predecessor*, without exposing the strat|egy o( an implacable and truculent oppo;sition. Perchance^ in doing this duty.for,looking at the progress of events fiom a

level with other men, we so consider it.we may have added something to the excitementof party strife; but it is not forus to withdraw from the contest, thoughthe Opposition tender battle upon term*which engender heat. They elected themode of warfare, and they had to be met,or else allowed to ride rough-shod over a

prostrate party, it is not the temper inwhich it i* pleasing to conduct a campaign;it i« not the spirit which betoken*the wisest and happiest results, or i*

most creditable to the country or the press.But it required more philosophy than wr

can boast to look calmly on and see thr(Government wrested from the hands of t

pure and good President, because thosrwho would wrench it from him use meanwhichprove them unworthy of the trust.

It may be, that in the warmth of di*cuasion and the excitement of conflict, wr

may commit blunders; (we claim no ex

emption from the infirmities of human na

ture;; we mat be misled to do injustice kan opponent. '»r wound a friend; the*«wmjiu uri»*r m tuurr: 111*11 'mir rrpugTianc?

I to ebullition >»| natural emotion, were no*

the natiafartioii of repairing a wroqg greateithan that of /lining a victory by peramtance in error

, Through tin nam* nunceptibility to th»' | influtLcen « ich affect tho*e around an. have »p been touched by the tniggle" foi

MMi

equal lights which have made the greaterpart of Europe a scene of strife. Norshall we be ashamed of the sympathywhich we entertained for the insurrectionarymasses, who periled themselves for a

glimpse of liberty, should the reactionaryvictories of late end in the catastrophe towhich they tend. If they did not succeed,they at least deserved to do so : unlessit be a crime to hope for and to fightfor liberty because those who fell in hercause were unable to comprehend all herbeauties. Their oppressors had for cen

turies held the enlightenment of the subjectas dangerous to the prince, and therevolutionary levies rose to their work as

from a darkness so profound as to makeikn I wrhf Knu/ilr)ni<in/* TK/iir iirill n a!uic u^aii i7v v* uut-i iij^. i iiv y v* in tiwv

sleep so long again.The same sympathy with what is around

and about us, which induced us to exposeand repel the assaults of the Opposition inthis country upon the Administration of a

wise and patriotic citizen, has impelled us

to express indignation at the conduct of a

representative of the United States abroad,who has invoked the Cossack to crush thenationality of Hungary and extinguish thetorch of liberty wherever it burns in Europe.In the hereditary institutions of thecountry, in the traditions of centuries ofobedience, in the wasting of long acquiescenceunder oppression, the masses ofEurope have enough to contend against,without the prestige of the opposition of a

representative of the United States beingthrown into the balance of despotism. Injoining the league of Legitimists and Absolutists,Mr. Walsh misrepresented theGovernment of the United States, andevery man in it, except perchance thoserare and ethereal spirits whose bodies onlyare on earth, whilst their heads are ever inthe cool of the blue welkin. Such may,indeed, look calmly upon the apostacy ofFrance, philosophically upon the degradationof Rome, and complacently upon thedesecration of Hungary But of thes6 thereare not enough m the United States to be

represented any where in Europe, andespecially in the first capital on the continent.The remainder of the people ofAmerica have a right to insist that theirconsul to Paris will at least not begrudgethem the sympathy which the prosperousowe to the children of suffering, thoughtheir humanity cost them a sigh, perchancea tear for those who have lost allbut honor. .

Tht Censure of General Taylor'* Conductat Monterey.

It gives us much regret to have beeninstrumental in wounding the feelings ofMr. McLanf.'8 friends to the extent we

have done by our paragraph of last week.We can heal them only by correcting inthe broadest manner the false impressionwhich the paragraph was calculated to produce. To suppose that there was any design,on the part of the person who sentit to us for publication, to make a misstatement,is only absurd. The only possible reparation, however, that can bemade we have made. We have statedthat Mr. McLane served in the army sixor seven years after leaving West Point.We will add that he served with credit.Furthermore, we have stated that Mr.McLane did not vote for the resolution ofJacob Thompson censuring the conductof (Jeneral Tatlor at Monterey. We willadd that, so far from having done so, Mr.McLane approved of General Taylor'sconduct on that occasion; and that it was

/us immediate predecessor, ami not himself,who voted for the proviso in question.The friends of Mr. McLane show a

\ery proper resentment, in view of whatthey consider an opprobrious charge. TheUnion repels it with the same Billingsgateterms which the junior editor employedthe other day to stigmatize a journalwhich had accused Mr Burke of beingthe author of an article which appearedin his own columns. Mr. Burke protestedthat he was not the author, and abusedthe person who accused him of it, in languagewhich he would have used, probably,to any one who had charged himwith nirLincr a norkft The artirle wau

, 9i

vile enough, no d ubt; and Mr. Burkewas right in repelling with indignationthe charge of having written it; but thedisplay of anger wan but a left-handedcompliment to Mr. Ritchie, or the other14 young and vigorous mind" associatedwith Mr.- Ritchie in conducting theUnion.So the indignation which Mr. Burke

and the friends of Mr. McLane now show,at the idea of his being charged with votingfor Jacor Thompson's proviso, in allright; wr appreciate it.we nympathi/.ewith it.we like to «ee it. We nhouldhave felt very much in the same way ourselves,if we had been accused or suspectedof having done the same thing,But what a left-handed compliment it is tothe one hundred and ten Locofocos whovoted for that same proviso! What a left.handed compliment is this indignant re

pudiation to Mr. McLane's immediatei jwedecessor in Congress.whose name ap

pears in the list we have already publisheda L. I 1 a i. r i

, hi im one nunareo ann ten i/jcoioco* wnc

did vo4e for that shameful proviso.But what wa« the disgrace of voting for

that proviso, compared with that of belonging to a party represented by such journals a- the Vnum and the Jlrfus' II

) Mr. Mi La*e had voted for J acob Thompt so*'* proviso, he might have survivedi it.but how is he to escape from the di«t honor of being defended by the journalsr which abound Hail\ in the lowait libel- and

the vilest caricatures of the great and gmxlman, whom Mr. McLaIVK claim- to havedffmrltd again«t the unjust cen-ure of hi,party a««oaate« >

r We rejoice that Locofocoi-rn i- coming

THE REPUBLIC.to its senses with regard to the abuse andoutrage with which it has loaded GeneralTaylor, from the day it became probablethat the people would select him as

their candidate for the Presidency. Locofocoismnow sees and feels that it woulddeservedly injure a man's political prospectsto be supposed capable of havingvoted with Jacob Thompson on his infamousproviso; and yet how many Locofocosin the House, on its passage, venturedto dissent from its propriety? Wehave seen no tribute to General Taylor'sgreat and growing popularity which compares,in emphasis and significance, wilhthe anxiety evinced by Mr. McLane'sfriend* to be relieved from the chargeof having voted with his party for thatproviso, and the acquiescence of the Locofocopress in the idea that, if true, it oughtto injure Mr. McLanc with the people.Twelve months will not pass over our

heads before Locofocoism will arrive at a

similar conclusion with regard to all theother abuses and outrages of which GeneralTaylor has been, and continues to be,the subject.

Thr Wage* of Labor.

We find in the Union of the 11th instantthe following paragraph, copied from theEat/ton (Pa.) Jlrtrusy a Democratic paper,without comment:The good Tavlor times..Sixty cent* a day!.

We have received two letters from Catasuuquu, Lehighcounty, informing us that the wages of manyof the hands working at the Crane Iron Works havebeen reduced from sevkntv to SIXTY cent* a day!Ab our informant** arc respectable men, there can

be no doubt about the fact, and we presume thatour amiable friend, Mr. Thomas, will scarcely denyit this time. Is this a speeimen of the "good times"we were (o have under the Taylor Administration ?

This is one of the blessings of the tariffof 184b. The farther we carry out thenotions of the Free-trade school.the greaterthe extreme to which we push the doctrinethat the sum of human wisdom is to

"buy cheap and sell dear''.the nearer we

shall bring the wages of American industryto the pauper standard of Europe. Inthe tariff of 1846, capital has got the betterof labor. The consuming classes haveoutwitted the producing classes. The capitalist finds that his money will buy more;the laborer, that his toil will sell for less.This is all right, says the Free-trader.thatis the very state of things which ought toexist, when you can buy the most laborwith the least money.The only wonder is, that the iron-master

is able to pay sixty cents a day to laborers,under the state of things produced by thetariff of 1846. The present stagnation inthe iron interest of Pennsylvania has beenthe consequence of that act.an act passedby men who defrauded the people of thatState into the belief that in voting for Polkand Dallas they were voting for the tariffof 1842 it is estimated that upwards ofseven millions of dollais are taken fromthe wages of the colliers, miners, furnacemen, and other laborers dependent uponthe iron trade, by the\perniciou» operationof the tariff of 1846 Pig-iron, which was

in demand in 1845 at $37 per ton, is nowsold at $'20. Railroad iron, which was

worth $67 50 per ton, is now reduced belowthe price of profitable manufacture.Is it strange, then, that the value of laboris proportion ably diminished ?The 44 good times" that we are now enjoying.withwages reduced to sixty cents

a day.are a part of our inheritance fromthe last administration. It would be aboutas sensible in the Opposition journals tothrow the responsibility of the recent defalcationsupon General Taylor, as to visithim or his Administration with responsibilityfor the 44 good times." The defalcationsresult from the character of the44 men" employed by the late dynastyThe 44 good times," with wages at sixtycents a day, result from the character ofits 44 measures." It is by a change of44 men" that the Whigs are to improvethe morals of office. It is by a change of44 measures" that the Whigs are to improvethe 44 times." It is by the changeboth of men and measures that they hope,under the auspices of President Taylor,to 44 check the downward tendency of affairs,"and re-tore the prosperity of thecountry.

Thr lrl|>U-HraHrH Coalition.

The article that follows, for which we

are indebted to the Boston Daily ~idvtr/wer,discusses the triple coalition betweenthe Kree-Soiler», Abolitionists, and Locofocos,whose professed object is to breakdown the Administration of 44 PresidentTanoa, the southern slaveholder." Wecannot but rejoice that this base and disgustin^ coalition has been signally rebukedin Vermont and Rhode Island. In boththose States ihe Whig party proper havetriumphed by signal majorities over thecombined forces of the Opposition. Wecommend the article we copy from theJldrrrtiser to the especial attention of our

readers.THE COALITION.

Tl» great political question of the day, on the solution«.f w hi' h apparently depend, more than on

any other event, the future destinies of the country,is. what will he the result of the double coalition, nownegotiating. between the three parties opposed tothe Administration. Theobject of this attempted eonlition M to break down the present Administration,for tli/ purpose of founding a new Darty on its ruina.til other political qtrcstionsare, for the present, alm«slin abeyanre, from the reliance which is placedby the Democratic, the Abolition, and tiie Free Noilpart ten, on the combined effort which they are now

making to overthrew the Whig party. The indiffcreru. with which principles, hitherto strenuouslyadhered to by the members of these partisa, appearto be now regarded, and the earnestness with whichmen, but recently professiiufdirei tly opposite prtncipbs,now co operate for the attainment of thisobjeel, naturally eacite surprise

It is gratifying to observe, from the signal failureof tb< attempted coalition, in the late elections inRhode lulanrt and Vermont, that there is a repug.

-1 ta^.. ..t i" '!»# f)mpfW*-f| pwi nr -r * rl i < lirimin-u

political prirv iplee, nti the pert of the maaa of thepeople, which the Imdera of thoac partie* bad notantKi pa led. It ia to be hoped that thin repugnanceroay «ave the country from the dtaaatera with whichthe aic e«« of Ihia unprincipled alliance threatened

What ia particularly atrikiag in thia coalition ia,that leading men who enter into it for the purpnaeof overthrowing the eaiatin# Adminietralion. donot perceive the danger of coalearinff for the attainmentof thia object, with men with whom, if they

are honest in their own professions, they know theyhall not be able to co-operate in carrying intoeffect any system of government, should they succeed,by their joint efforts, in overthrowing thatwhich already exists.How far one of the parties to thia uew junction of

force* ia willing to go in sacrificing principle*,measures, and men, to a temporary success, maybe aeen by the resolution* of the New York StateDemocratic Convention, which we published yesterday.A committee ia authorised to withdraw thenames of the gentlemen nominated for certain of-fices, if the Free-Soil Convention at Utica shalladopt as its nominees the remainder of the Democraticticket. The party represented at Syracusehave thus not only made up their minds to surrenderto temporary expediency the only objectsfor which it was worth while for them to establishan organization, but have delegated to a committeethe power of making bargains as to the persons whoshall be their candidates. Union built up in thismanner is nothing but the beginning of confusion,as has been seen recently in the cases to which wehave alluded, and should have been well known l>efore.Another exhibition of this attempt upon the part

of leaders to unite different elements to form a coin-

pound of which no one of them is an essential or

controlling part, is to be found in the attempt tooppose the Whig candidate, in t.h« only congrea-sional district now remaining unrepresented iuMassachusetts Free-Soil in shaking hands withAbolitionism, and it seems to be hoped tliat themutual politeness may induce even old-fashionedand "unterrificd" democracy to join in the conclave.»On the basin of a love for " Free Soil," it seems

to be intended to form a party, which, regardlessof all other interests, objects, or principles, shalldefeat the hope of giving the existing National Administrationa majority in Congress. No otherbond of union is offered than the one cry in whichthe two organizations of Abolitionists.opposingand hating each other.are willing to unite. It isthe cry deprecated by Washington in that oftenquotedprophetic passage of his farewell address, inwhich ne warned us against sectional'parties andgeographical divisions. It is thecry of disunion.The project of the parties to whom we allude, if

they have any consistency, or any hope in theirpresentcon test,cannot wcllfallshort of that ofa dissolutionof the Union. When Mr. Palfrey made it aturning-point with regard to his vote for Speaker,whether or no Mr. Winthrop would privately pledgehimself to use his official position, if elected, to drawa sectional line between two portions of thecountry; nay, before that, when the same geutlnmanthrew as a firebrand into the Whig conventionthe naked proposition that we would not vote for a

slaveholder, this cry of disvnion was raised.We have no disposition to be alarmists, and there

is no occasion for immediate alarm in this case,because the good sense of the people will counteractthe intended mischief. It cannot, however, beconcealed that the movements attempted in Vermontand Rhode Island, after having been partiallysuccessful in Connecticut, and now to be once moretried here in the Middlesex district, are fraughtwith danger to our institutions, or at least foundedin opposition to them. The foundation of a partyfor national purposes upon a basis from which a

large part of the nation is necessarily and unavoidablyexcluded, iB of itself a grave matter and a

grave error.An attempt to unite such u party with a large

existing party organization, and to induce that organizationto abandon for a temporary purpose itsmen, measures, and principles.the inducementbeing the hope of cutting apart by a blow the nationsrelations of the north and the south.is one sofoolish as well as wrong, that wc cannot think thatit can be successful. Hi the mean time such coali-Uons can only De oppona oy "a union of Whigsfor the sake of the Union."

Maryland The Third CongressionalDistrict.

We publish below (says the BaltimorePatriot) an address to the voters of thethird district, from Mr. G. W. Gray, theWhig candidate for Congress in that district.Mr. Gray is a gentleman of finetalents, and an accomplished scholar, ofmuch political experience, an eloquent ahdforcible speaker, fearless in the expressionof his sentiments, and in every respectqualified to give vigorous and manly supportto the Administration.7b the votert of the Third. Cvngrrttional Diatriet.Fkllow-Citizsns : You hnvc already been notifiedof my nomination by the Whig convention

which assembled in the city of Hultimore on the1st instant.a nomination unsolicited and whollyunexpected by me.the result of the spontaneousaction of your delegates. 1 have never sought politicaladvancement or official station; but if an

ardent attachment to the interests of the Htate andof the nation, and an unshaken reaolution to dischargefaithfully whatever duty may devolve uponme, can entitle ine to your cordial support, I pledgethem with confidence and without hesitation.

Believing that the welfare of our beloved countrywill be amply secured by the Administration towhich the sovereign voice ofthe people lias entrustedthe reins of government, I shall endeavor to sustainit with all the ability and energy I posses*.

It is known that Uie present Chief Magistrate was

not my first choice. My heart was too firmly boundby the cords of affection to the venerable Sage ofAshland, to admit of any other preference; but,having in early life buckled on the Whig armour,and stotal firm in the ranks through long years ofdarkness, defeat, and disaster, I could not faulter,or hold back, when the Whig banner was placed inthe hands of one so worthy to receive it, a* the heroof Monterey ami Hunii Vista.General Taylor has but just entered upon the dischargeof those responsible duties which your suffrageshave contributed to inip<iar upon hiin. Hi*

triumph* on the bloody fields of Mexico are stillfreah in your memories. His wis<ioni, his virtues,his honesty, bis true republican simplicity, are wellknown, and for these he has been promoted by a

grateful nation. He has done nothing to cool theardor of his friends, or to induce a withdrawal ofconfidence. No objectional line of policy has beenindicated, and every thing pr<Miu«ea well for the futore. Having put your hand to the plough, willyou now stop and leave the furrow but half turned?Shall he be trammelled by a majority opposed to

every measure he may favor or recommend ? Is itreasonable, is it just, that he should be condemnedwithout an impartial trial? Aid, then, in givinghim a working majority in the House of Repriwentalives; and while he so proudly upbears the standardunder which be entered the campaign of l*4H,let it advanre to the honor and glory of the republic.Very respectfully,

GEORGE W GRAYBaltimosb CoriTt, Sept. 7, IN*

coasaseoTinaNcB or thi baltinoss satbiot.

N«w Yoaa, Sept. 6, HM<>.The Whigs of New York, and, I think I may add,

uw v\ nig* (H tne i niim, ieei it oeep inirrMim yourcoming ron|(r«annml election. All rytnirr turnedupon you; the Old Maryland Line, which haa never

failed in the time of need, ha* now again to rescueand to wrr the Whig* of the Union. If you ringloud ymir alarm-hell, turn out well on election day,and poll a toll vote.of cmiiw there ia then a Whigvictory, and the House of Jleprcemtativca ia madeWhig by your eaertiona.Maryland alone can now eave the llouac of Re

preaentativea in Washington. If yon do well, all'awell. If you loae. all ia loat. Remember then themagnitude of the atake. Rememlier the honor ofthe Old Maryland Line--and once more arrure forua all a complete triumphant victory.

A Niw Voaa M C.

The Hon. Elijah Hiak, late UnitedStatea Charg£ to Guatemala, arrived inthis city on the evening of the 10th in-

-taut, and ha* taken lodging* » " illard n

hotel.H on nrl I aln nrl.

On the '29th ultimo there were at thir*place one two-manted and one three-ma«ted nchooner, the steamer Water-Witch,and the Albany.all belonging to theUnited State*. Another nteamer, the nameof which wan unknown, arrived on thename day. Several of the party at HoundInland had gone on board the Albany; andCaptain Randolph intended to -end themand nuch other* a* left the inland to Mobile,rather than New Orleann; thinkingthat in the nmaller city they would havegreater inducement* to di«peme.

Messrs. Wheelbr &. Co., of NewYork, have opened a store at the corner

of Pennsylvania avenue and Tenth street,which is one of the handsomest in thecity. Their assortment of stationery andmaterials for the desk and office is as per-feet as can be found in the country, andwill be a great convenience to the citizeusof Washington.'1%: Pohtmahtek General luie tslubltdud, discontinued,and changed the rite and name» of ttufollowingoffiret during the week, Sept. Hth, 1H4<I.

eht ablihhel).

Office. County, State. New appointmt.Ku.it Poland Cumberland Me. Giliuau MartinBraggville Middleaex Mann. Dcii'h HartshornWestern)an'aMilU Baltimore Md. Levi Blade

L. Driumnond Norfolk Va. Alfred WallaceMilford Caroline Va. R. F. DarracottCrow Creek Wood Va. H. M. TygartShady Spring Fayette Va. Henry HullGreigsville Preaton |Va. Edgar HernanaSilver Mill uaviason «. u. tJtias. t. seiaeliGreen Po id Union dint. [8. C. Jehu GregoryHopewell Jennings lu. John 8. TnuiiuinNeel's Creek Jefferson la. Josh. C. TibbetsWay Ripley la. Geo. ConowayReaver Boone 111. Amzi AbbeSaint Aubert Calloway Mo. Louis RobionKirkville Wapello Iowa Hy. KirkpatriekMontezuma Powcslieike Iowa Isaac G. WilsouCooksvillc Roek Win. J. D. ChambersAshton Dane Wis. Geo. GillattUtier's corners Walworth Wis. E. B. Older

DISCONTINUED.

Crescent Mount, Braxton county, Virginia.Kosciusko, Gilmer county, Virginia.Kinderhook, Washington county, Virginia.Burnett'* Mill*, Fauquier county, Virginia.Merry Point, Lancaster county, Virginia.Farnharn, Richmond county, Virginia.Catourah, Greenville District, South Carolina.Ivy Blutf, Columbus county, North Carolina.Rockville, Rowan county, North Carolina.Golgotha, Cobb county, Georgia.Rasselus, Campbell county, Georgia.Rough and Ready, Fayette county, Georgia.Pleasant Ridge, Greene county, Alabama.Pine Forest, Bibb county, Alabama.Hard Times, Tensas Parish, Louisiana.Grand Cut.-off, Concordia parish, Louisiana.Daviston, St. Landry parish, Louisiana.Corydon, Franklin parish, Louisiana.Monterey, Rankin county, Mississippi.Ruin, St. Francis county, Arkansas.Jericho, Pulaski county, Arkansas.Fouche Dumas, Randolph county, Arkansas.Rock Hill, White county, Tennessee.River View, Obion county, Tennessee.Hate hie Bottom, Shelby county, Tennessee.Fair Garden, Sevier county, Tennessee.Snider's, Washing-ton county, Kentucky.New Market, Marion county, Kentucky.Line Creek, Pulaski county, Kentucky.Crank's Creek, Harlan county, Kentucky.State Line, Jasper county, Indiana.Daman Run, Porter county, Indiana.Pleasant Grove, Macoupin county, Illinois.Elm Grove, Clay county, Missouri.Lakcvillc, Racine county, Wisconsin.Farmingion, Jefferson county, Wisconsin.

NAMES AND SITES CHANUED.

Durham, Cumberland county, Missouri.namechanged to ''West Durham."Southwest Bend, Cumberland county, Maine.

named changed to "Durtiam."West Gardiner, Kennebcck county, Maine.

name and site changed to " French's Corner,"and John W. Herrick appointed postmaster.Sweden, Oxford county, Maine.site changed,

and Jacob S. Powers appointed postmaster.Rucksville, Lehigh county, Pennsylvania.name

changed to "Mechanicsboro."Orr's Corners, Mahoning county, Ohio.name

and site changed to "Hanna's Mills," and Davidlianna appointed postmaster.

Austin, Oakland county, Mic.h'n.name changedlo "Taylorsville," and Thos. Terwilliger appointedpostmaster.Long Level, Cabell county, Virginia.name and

site cluuiged to "Mud Bridge," and John M. Reeseappointed postmaster.

Fair Grove, Davidson county. North Carolinasitechanged, and John W. Thomas appointed postmaster.Providence, Huuiter district, South Carolina.site

or,,! I I riiotio. i .

Gully, Darlington district, South Carolina.nameand site changed to "Swift Creek." and C. J. Flinnappointed postmaster.

Bellrfontaiue, Choctaw county, Miss! sippi.sitechanged, and William MrCoinlie* appointed postmaster.

St. Joseph's, Refugio county, Texas name

changed to "Aransas," and Win. H. Jones appointedpostmaster.Huntersville, Madiaon county, Tennessee.name

changed to "Andrew's Chapel."Big Foot Prairie, McHenry county, Illinois.

name and aite < hanged into Walworth county,Wisconsin, and Fldridgc G. Ayer appointed pristmaster.

Martinsville, Walworth county, Wisconsinname changed to "Vienna," and Winslow P. Stormsappointed postmaster.Merrimack Mills, Crawford county. Missouri.

name changed to "Short Bend."Border, Harrison county, Texas-site changed,

and Thomas F. Rives appointed postmasterI.ixct Gbanam, R. N., and Mr. Flliot, recently

officers of the British sloop Childers, from whichthey were accused of deserting on the coast of SouthAfrica, have recently been Arraigned before a courtmartialon board of the Imprngnable.at Devenport,and found guilty. They were declared incapableof again bring employed in any civil or militarycapacity, and sentenced to be imprisoned -the lieutenantfor twelve, and the master for six months,in the common jail of Exeter. This unusual imprisonmentfor s miUtary crime in a rtrii place ofconfinement, elicits much comment in England.Accihist..A son of the Hon James Cooper,

Hens tor of the United States from Pennsylvania,about eleven years of age, recently met with a most

diatreaaing accident near the junction of the MountCarbon and Reading railroad, in Berk* county.While atanding on a train of car* drawn by horaea,hr attempted to jump to the ground, but fell, andwu run ewer by the train, which aevcred one of hialiinha from the body.The bark Florida kc incorrectly aaid to have been

aeired by the agent of the United State* for theaame reaaon* that the New Orb-en* and Hra-Gullwere. She i* about 2A0 tone, clipper built, carrieaftcur gun*, and ran accommodate ninety paaaengera.She lia* been built eacluaively ft»r theChagrea trade, and ha* already made aeveral tripathither. Her ownern, etc., are known to la- engagedin a legitimate hueinea*

Naval Ixtcllioiwck..We learn that ihe I*. 8.veaae la Ra ritan and Saratoga, which arrived at

Newport on the Kth inataat, found ordera theredire* ting them to aail at once lor Cat lalnnd. Surhwaa the exigency that the veaaela immediately putto *c>c, witlioiit waiting for leftera expected fromRrntcin

Thi Boot Iki a 11> Bmr> t«ap vt « have beardmany at range atnrie* about the great numtwr ofbird* which, being bewildered by the bright glareof the lamp on Boon ialand, fly againat the ironrailing which aurrnunda the light with auc.h forceaa to kill dwmelvM. We have heard thai aorne

morning* aeveral buahela of dead birda have been(fathered up around the light, which had fallenvictima to the brilliancy of the prrvioua night.A few dayaaincewe inquired of (apt. Thompeon.

the keeper, whether there ia any truth in the atoriea.He aaya that auch devaatation waa not of daily <*-rurrenre.but thai frerpiently a large number ofdead Wrda waa found around the light-honor. Onemorning1, about three montlia aince, there waa arather larger number than common. Hia aaaiafant, Mr Metcher, gathered in one heap (Area Awndred and rurtren birda, which had fallen thepreviotianight. There were in thia heap at leaat twenty varietieaof land and aea.birda aome of beautiful plumage,m h aa he had never aeon before Walkingaround the light,Cap! Thornpaon aaw many more,which would have added largely to the heap,( f'nrtemou/A ( N H ) Jmtrnnl

UcMiml AthmuuuGoat-ml Avezxaua, now attracting no much attentionin New York for hi* services in the cauee ot ^

Italian freedom, it appear*, i* not a mere man of anhour, but one who ha* ibr a long time been conspicuousin more than one country. He served inthe Italian army of Napoleon, and, alter the Congressof Vienna, entered the service oi Piedmont, inwhich he soon became a superior or field-officer. Atthe era of the Italian commotions of 18511, Avezzanawas one of the most active and daring in the insur|rection, and on its repression tied to Spain, into themilitary service of which country he was received,aud a few month* after made gfjt dr balulione. Thepopular cause having failed in Hpuin, Avexzanuwent to Mexico, then engaged in her contest ugainstSpain for independence. After participating in thealternations of tlio fortunes of that country, Avezzanu was made by Santa Anna a colonel, in whichgrade he won much distinction. When, however,Santa Anna unveiled his de*ign* ugainst the libertiesof Mexico, Avezzana opposed him, and in thelong- siege of I ainpieo commanded the constitu1tionulist troops.Some years after tin; capitulation of Tainpico, lie

established himself in New York, became a citizen,and engaged in mercantile pursuits. While therehe organized the guurdia ltuliana, and, liaving beenchosen president of the tociela ltuliana di benificrnza,spent a large portion of his private fortune on thehundreds of exiles who, at that crisis, were drivenfrom Italy to America.On the breaking out of the Piedinonteae difficultiesa year since, he determined again to return to

Italy; and, notwithstanding the news of the disasterwhich he received in France, he hurried thither,and after twenty years of exile was appointed byCharles Albert commander-in-chief of the NationalGuard of Genoa. Some two months since we publishedan account of his gallant services in Piedinout,and of their disastrous finale, after whichAvezzana went to Rome, and the Triumvirs was

(

appointed minister of war and marine. In this caIparity he often fought at the head of the troops; and011 me surrender ol UM* city wu driven again t<>America.These services in behalf of his native land and of

liberty arc the occasion of the tribute so gracefullypaid him a few days since by his compatriots andthe Hungarians in New York.

Literary NoticeHlacku ood's Magazinefor August, 1849. Leonard

Scott & Co. From Taylor & Maury.Wc have received this sterling magazine some

days after time, though we see by southern papersthat it has been commented on by those who, inthe ordinary course of events, would have receivedit after us. The paper on Charles Lamb, withwhich the number opens, will be read with pleasureby the admirers of that pleasant essayist, (and, much as has been written on the vie intimc ofElia, will throw light on him and his associates.There is also a pleasant-tempered article on Mr.Melvelle's Kaloolah, and a striking review of UniIartine's Revolution of 1848, written with power, buttinctured with the opinions for which Blackwoodhas so long been famous. The above, a continua;turn of the Ca xtonh, ofChristopher under canvass,an account of the insurrection in Baden, and a fewlighter articles, make up the number.

Bermuda and the West Indies.The Great Western arrived at New York on the

Hth instant, from Bermuda, St. Thomas, Chagres,etc. She brought files from St. Thomas to the '29thultimo, and the Bermuda Royal Mail to the 4th instant.The suinir rron at HHrhmlnM Imil h«on

tamed to be good, and Uie amount of the yield of ,

the island was estimated at 33,000 hogsheads sugar,and 10,587 puncheons of molasses. The groundplanted for the coming season is greater than everbefore, and 40,000 hogsheads are not thought an ex

travagant estimate of the export of next year.The St. Louis Palladium, of August 26th, has

these remarks upon the sugar crop of this and thepast year:"From the 1st of January to the 21st instant, tin

exports amount to 3,860 hhds. 178 trs. and 1,953bins, of sugar, 717 puns molasses, and 12 puns rum.Compared with the exports of the correspondingdatelast year, this account exhibits a surplus of 309hhds. 100 trs. 388 bbls. sugar, 286 puns molasses,and a decrease of 59 puns rum. After the 21st of '

August last year, two vessels. Castries and Ruby,took the residue of the crop, which amounted to atotal of 4,089 hhds. 78 trs. and 1,673 bbls..equal inall to 4,420 hhds. of sugar, 574 puns of molasses, and107 puns of rum. Now the two vessels at presentreceiving cargo, the Monarch and Osbert, will probablytake 450 hhds., which, with the addition of atleast 150 hhds. which are likely to await the latervcssels, would bribg up the total sugar crop of 1848to about 6,000 hhds., or about 500 hints. over the ex- >

ports of last year."In Jamaica the elections for the assembly were

nearly over, and it seems that the retrenchmentparty, opposed to the colonial executive government,have obtained a majority.The Bermuda (iaxrtU, of Aug. 4th, says:"The R. M. 8. P. Trent, Capt. Clark, from llKGulfof Mexico, Nassau, tic.., arrived on Saturdaylast, with the undermentioned freight: $ 1,243,000.30 bales cochineal, 83 cases of cigars, and 21 case*

pines."The Royal .Mail says:" Mr. Watlington, owner of the brig GoldenRule, is on the eve of proceeding to Madeira, for

the purpose of procuring from among the peasantryof tiiat island about fifty persons, who may be willingto emigrate to Bermuda. A number of individuulsconnected wiUi .igriculture and trade, aswell as the heads of families, have agreed with MrWatlington to take the emigrants into their employmentfor a term of years, on their safe arrivalnere."

ilie intelligence uy Uu* arrival ih not later, hutsomewhat fuller than before received., PresidentKolouque had ordered General Hilicmien to be ahot,witli five other*; and but for the earnest protest ofthe American and Britiah ronaula, seventeen other*would have been executed. Siliemien'a offence van,that he had attempted to excite a revolution whileftolouque wu aheent on hi* Dominican expedition.The < itolera ha* been dreadfully fatal at C.artha

ir< ua. III' death* a im muting to ninety or one hundred Ia day previoua to Annual l*t, but at the la*t advice*wa* *ubaiding with great rapidity. The countrypeople were no much terrified that they would notcome into the town with provision*, and the auffering few the want of them had greatly augmentedthe fatality of the plague.The new* from the French island* of Martinique

and Guadaioupe wa* to August 15th. There wa* ,

very great discontent baratuw the home governmenthail not promptly paid the indemnity Hue for thernanumitted alavea. The diaturhancea occanioncdt»y the popular elcctiona hart mainly aubaided. Atthe end of July, there were '23H prraona in priaon atPoint a Petre for violationa of the public pence.We take from the Oeneaar Farmer the Hlnwing

Hat- which, however, ia far froin being1 completeof Agricultural Faira during the preaent year :

New York Htate,at Nyracuae. Srpt. U, 12, |3Cortland county. Homer, Sept. 2b, 27.Chetriung " Horae Heada, Oct. 17,18.Delaware " Delhi, Oct. 3.Raaex " Keeaevillr, Sept. 18, 19.Geneaee " Hatavia, Oct. 4,6.Herkiiner Herkimer, Sept. 6, 7.Jefferaon " Wntertowa, Sept. 88, 27.Irivingaton " (ieiimeo, Sept. 4,5.Monroe " Rocheatcr, Sept. 96,27.Orleana " Albion, Sept. '27, '2*.Onondaga " Hyracuae, Oct. 3, 4, 6.Oneida " Hampton. Sept. 26,27. 4Renaaelaer Troy, Sept. 26,26, 27.Saratoga " MeohanicavilleSept.Seneca *« Ovid, Oct. 4, 6.Suffolk Greenport, Oct. 2.IWayne " Palmyra, Sept. 26,27.Wyoming " Waraaw, Sept. 2.Wutiiuinr < Wkl^k.M o.. .«

....... .m..,, am. IT, ®'Ynt/n Pen Yen. (Vt. 6, 6.Michigan State, Detroit, Sept. 26. 27,Maryland SUte, Baltimore, Ort. 10, II, II.Provincial, (Can.) Kingston. Sept. 11,19,90,21.W orrea'reo. ( Ma.) Worcester, Sept. 90.Ka«r* co., " Salem, Sept. 27.Middltm, ' Concord, Oct. 3.N. Haven, (Conn.) N«w Haven, Sept. 25, 96, 27Medina county (O.) Medina, Sept. 96,27.tahtabula «' " Jefferann. Sept. 13.Geauga " " Hurton, Sept. 19, 90.Portage " " Havenna, Sept. 96, 27Mahoning " " Ulifield, Oct. 2,8.Clinton " " Wilmington, Oct. 17, IH, 19.Trumbull " " Warren, Sept. 25,96, 27Ruaa " " Cliillirnthr. Oct. 5,6.Dirking " " Newark, Ort. 3, 4.Delaware " " Delaware, Ort. 2, 3.Clermont " " Malaria, Sept. 25.

|/)la Mohtba and her huahand have left Pari*for Germany. Haa aire gone to introduce MrIlea hi to the ea -king of Bavaria?

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