The Renaissance Packet

•Means _______________

•Rebirth of ______ and _____________

•Began in northern ___________

Economic Foundations

•Increased demand for ______________

_____________ products

•Encouraged the use of __________ and

______________

•Letters of credit _______________ supply

of ___________ and sped up trade.

•New __________________ and

____________________ practices used

Arabic numerals

Italy

•Italian _________________ became rich from trade:

–__________________

–Venice

–_________________

•They were ____________ centers for the

__________________ of goods to

_________________ Europe.

•Independent city-states governed as

______________ by wealthy

__________________

Niccolo Machiavelli

•Wrote ________________

–guidelines for the how to get

____________ by absolute

rule.

•Believed the ends _____________the means

•One should do __________ if

possible, but do _________ when

necessary.

Art and Literature

•Medieval ______ and literature

focused on the ____________

and ______________.

•Renaissance art and

______________ focused on

________________ and

____________ __________,

along with _______________.

Leonardo da Vinci

•Painted the __________ _______

and The _________ Supper

•Handsome, athletic, singer, artist, scientist, inventor

Copyright © Clara Kim 2007. All rights reserved.

Michelangelo

•Painted the ceiling of the _____________

Chapel and sculpted _________

•Sculptor, painter, architect, poet

Petrarch

•Wrote ______________

•He wrote with a _____________

approach

•Considered the “____________

of Humanism”Humanism

•Celebrated the

________________

•Stimulated the study of Greek and Roman

literature and culture

•Humanists were supported by ______________

who were very wealthy

Northern Renaissance

•With the rise of trade, travel and

_______________, the Italian

Renaissance _____________ to

northern Europe.

•The art and literature changed as

people of different cultures

adopted Renaissance ideas.

Northern Renaissance Writers

•__________________—The Praise of Folly (1511)

•Critical of ______________ church practices

•________________ for Protestant Reformation

•Sir ______________ More

•wrote Utopia (1516)

•Depicts world with _____________ social,

legal and political system

•Leading ______________ scholar

Italian Renaissance Vocabulary (417-421)

Renaissance - ______________________________________________________________________________________

Humanism - _______________________________________________________________________________________

Secular - __________________________________________________________________________________________

Patron - ___________________________________________________________________________________________

Perspective - _______________________________________________________________________________________

Vernacular - _______________________________________________________________________________________

Briefly explain “The Renaissance Man” (pg. 418-419)

__________________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________

Briefly explain “The Renaissance Woman” (pg. 419)

__________________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________

Northern Renaissance Vocabulary (425-426)

Utopia - ___________________________________________________________________________________________

Printing Press - _____________________________________________________________________________________

Gutenberg Bible - ___________________________________________________________________________________

How does the Printing Press spread learning?

__________________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________

People of the Renaissance Impacts and Achievements

Medici Family (417)

Leonardo da Vinci (421)

Raphael (421)

Michelangelo (420)

Petrarch(422)

Boccaccio (422)

Machiavelli (422)

William Shakespeare (425)

Queen Elizabeth I (426)

Johann Gutenberg (426)

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The Renaissance 1300 - 1600 What was the Renaissance?

• A time of rebirth in western Europe o The rebirth of ideas and inventions o The rebirth of wealth, prosperity and trading goods o The rebirth of learning, reading and writing o The rebirth of artistic practices such as sculpting

• Why did the Renaissance come about? o Affected greatly by the travels of the Crusades

▪ Increase in demand for Middle Eastern goods (spices) ▪ Increased production of those goods in the Middle East ▪ Increased use of credit and banking to buy &sell goods

Where did the Renaissance Start?

• Renaissance will start in Northern Italy o 3 major cities - Florence, Venice and Genoa

• Many reasons for Italy as the starting point o Bubonic Plague hit Italy first, changed people's ideas o Had great water and land trade routes o Had advanced cities with old Roman heritage o Had started breaking ties with the church over usury

▪ Not allowing them to lend money for profit o Were considered independent areas w/ own gov'ts

Changes During the Renaissance

• Government changes o Feudal lords began losing power o Merchants gained power due to their wealth from selling products people needed o Also lost control of cities and new govts come about

• Banking changes o People begin using new accounting practices

▪ Needed to track finances and loans given to people o Use Arabic numerals for this, including the # 0 o Lending continued to spread and expands money

The Medici Family

• Very rich, powerful family in Florence o Supported the arts by paying artists for works

• Did not enjoy Middle Ages art, looked down on it o Instead they promoted Greek and Roman works o These works referred to as the 'classics'/ 'classical'

• Artists gained inspiration from the world around o Italy the best place due to the Roman Empire

• Artists needed money, given to them by patrons o Patrons- financial supporters of the arts o Medici family an example of a very power patron family

Artists of the Renaissance

• Leonardo da Vinci - famous artist of Renaissance o Known as a Renaissance man

▪ Could do everything- sculptor, painter, inventor, etc. ▪ Also a scientist who studied the body and other things

o Very curious man, studied everything around him o Also very secretive, would keep notes in code

▪ Known as mirror writing - had to hold it to a mirror to read it

• Famous paintings include ... o The Last Supper - uses the idea of perspective

Writers of the Renaissance

• Petrarch - writer of poems, sonnets o Also known as the 'father of humanism' o Humanism· focus on human potential and achievement

▪ Did not try to make texts agree with the Church, but tried to study the personal value of the ancient texts

o Led to the study of humanities· history, literature, philosophy

• Machiavelli - writer of the book "The Prince” o Looked at how people should gain and keep power o Book supported an absolute ruler o Said to keep power 'you must be strong as a lion and smart as a fox’

▪ Meant that the ends justify the means -do what you have to do ▪ Be good when possible, but be evil when necessary

The Northern Renaissance

• Renaissance ideas spread north to rest of Europe o Took longer due to the recovery of the plague o Also slowed by the Hundred Years War o Spread north from Italy due to wars in Italian cities

• Growing wealth allows support for new ideas o Renaissance ideas of north with mix w/ Christianity

• Northern Renaissance artists mix both religious and non-religious subjects into their art Northern Renaissance Writers

• William Shakespeare-famous English writer o Known as one of the most famous writers of his time

• Write many plays and other works o 2 main types of plays written - comedies and tragedies o Comedies were slapstick, tragedies everyone dies

• Shakespeare's works include ... o MacBeth o Romeo and Juliet o King Lear o Hamlet

• Renaissance in England known as Elizabethan Age Other Famous Writers

• Sir Thomas More o Did not like society's ways o Writes "Utopia" - which means "no place", but it was a story of a perfect society

▪ Explained what a perfect society would be like ▪ Poked fun at the leaders of the time period

o He is jailed for his ideas

• Desiderius Erasmus o Writes "The Praise of Folly" o Book poked fun at the greedy merchants of this time

▪ He did not like the greed that ruled the merchant class The Printing Press

• Major invention of the Renaissance

• Printing press created by Johannes Gutenberg o Was the first way to print large amounts of text at once, instead of by hand or by blocks o 1st book printed was the "Gutenberg Bible"

• Influence of the printing press was ... o Made books faster and more accessible to people o Made books much cheaper than before o Increased the literacy rate of people in Europe o Allowed more people the ability to be educated