The RenaissanceOutcome: The Renaissance in Italy

Constructive Response Question

1.Summarize the Renaissance and identify why it started in Italy.

What will we learn?

1. What is the Renaissance?

2. Why Italy (3 reasons)

3. Classical and Worldly Views

4. Renaissance Men/Women

The Renaissance1. The Middle Ages Ends

a. Europe is starting to take shape with England, France, and regions in Italy all

evolving

b. Revival of culture

c. Return to cities

d. The Church was still powerful

e. Writers and artists began to express new ideas and styles

The Renaissance2. What is the Renaissance?

a. Renaissance: Rebirth in art, writing, architecture, learning, and culture.

b. The educated hoped to bring back to life the culture of classical Greece and Rome

c. In doing so, they created something entirely new: innovative styles of art and

literature

d. The Renaissance eventually spread from northern Italy to the rest of Europe

e. Occurred roughly 1300-1600

The Renaissance 3. Why Italy?

a. Italy had 3 distinct advantages

i. City-States

1. Overseas trade, spurred by the Crusades had led to growth of large city-states

2. Thus, northern Italy was urban while the rest of Europe was still rural

3. Cities were the place where people exchanged ideas and the site of an intellectual revolution

4. Survivors of plague could demand higher wages

5. Merchants had few opportunities to expand business so they pursued art

City States

Florence was the epicenter of the Italian

Renaissance.

The Renaissance ii. Merchants and the Medici

1. A wealthy merchant developed in each Italian city-state

2. Merchants dominated politics

3. Merchants did not inherit social rank- used their wits to survive

4. This lead to the rise of importance of individual merit

5. The Medici banking family came to dominate Florence

a. Had branch offices all throughout Italy and Europe

b. Cosimo de Medici was the wealthiest European of his time

c. Grandson Lorenzo de Medici became great patron of the arts

d. Patron: someone who financially supports an artist or the arts

Cosimo de Medici & Lorenzo de Medici

The Renaissance

iii. Classical heritage of Greece and Rome

1. Renaissance artists looked down on the art and literature of the Middle Ages

2. Instead they wanted to revive the learning of the Greeks and Romans

3. Ruins of Rome were nearby

4. Many Greek manuscripts made their way to Rome via Christian scholars

The Renaissance4. Classical and Worldly Views

a. As scholars studied manuscripts, they became more influenced by classical ideas.

This lead to:

b. Humanism: an intellectual movement that focused more on human potentialand achievements

i. Popularized the study of history, literature, and philosophy (all are known as humanities)

c. Worldly pleasure: Humanists suggested that a person could enjoy life without offending God

i. Ex. Wealthy could enjoy material luxuries, good music, and fine foods

The Renaissance5. The Renaissance Man and Woman

a. Renaissance Man: One strove to be a master in every area of study

i. Expected to be charming, witty, and well educated in the classics

ii. Also should be a skilled rider, wrestler, and swordsman

b. Renaissance Woman: Upper-class women should know the classics and be charming

i. Not expected to seek fame

ii. Inspire art but not create it

iii. Little influence in politics

Constructive Response Question

1.Summarize the Renaissance and identify why it started in Italy.

Constructive Response Question

2. Evaluate the accuracy of the following statement using specific examples: Michelangelo was a Renaissance Man.

What Will We Learn?1. Michelangelo and his works

2. Donatello and his works

3. Leonardo da Vinci and his works

4. Raphael and his works

The Renaissance

1. Renaissance Arta. Artists were supported by patrons like Isabella d’Este and the Medici

b. Medieval artists used religious subjects to convey a spiritual ideal

c. Renaissance artists will portray religious subjects but will use realistic styles copied from classical models & Greece and Rome

d. Renaissance painters used perspective which showed three dimensions on a flat surface with a vanishing point in the middle

e. Often times fresco was used: painting on wet plaster

Fresco

Michelangelo

Famous Artists

a. Michelangelo

i. Renaissance man: sculptor, painter, architect, and poet

ii. Famous for way he portrayed the human body

iii. Famous works:

1. Statue of David,

2. Ceiling of the Sistine Chapel,

3. Dome of St. Peter’s

David

Sistine Chapel Ceiling

Donatello

Famous Artists

b. Donatello

i. Made sculpture more realistic by carving natural postures and expression that revealed personality.

ii. Equestrian Statue of Gattamelata

iii. Also sculpted a David- favorite subject of Renaissance sculptors

Donatello’s David

Equestrian Statue of Gattamelata

Leonardo da Vinci

Famous Artists

c. Leonardo da Vincii. Painter, sculptor, inventor, and scientist

ii. Interested in how things work (veins in a leaf and muscle work)

iii. Famous works:

1. The Mona Lisa

2. The Last Supper

3. Virgin on the Rocks

iv. The Da Vinci Code featured many of his paintings

The Mona Lisa

The Last Supper

Da Vinci Sketches

Raphael

Famous Artists

d. Raphael

i. Learned from studying Leonardo and Michelangelo

ii. One of favorite subjects was Madonna and Child (Virgin mary)

iii. Famous works:

i. School of Athens

ii. Marriage of the Virgin

School of Athens

Marriage of the Virgin

Others: Botticelli’s Birth of Venus

Constructive Response Question

2. Evaluate the accuracy of the following statement using specific examples: Michelangelo was a Renaissance Man.