The ReformationThe Reformation

Why did Martin Luther want to break away from the Catholic Church?

Causes of the Reformation• 1400s: Renaissance emphasizes secular (non-religious) ideas

• Printing Press (Gutenberg) made it easy to spread those ideas

• 1500s: Catholic Monk Martin Luther challenges corruptness of church

• Luther has an issue with the Church selling indulgences (forgiveness)

•In response to indulgence preachers like Tetzel, Luther writes 95 Thesis

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1. no selling indulgences 2. no purgatory

3. Write bible in people’s native language, 4. Bible is final authority, not Pope

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Answer Question # 2 on worksheet

95 Thesis

• Pope forces HR Emperor Charles V to put Luther on trial

• Luther refuses to recant

• Pope excommunicates Luther, his followers start new religion Protestantism, violence ensues

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• Holy Roman Empire torn apart when parts of Empire follow the new religion

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• Due to Reformation, Catholic Church makes changes known as Counter-reformation

• Council of Trent fixes issues in Church, new rules and punishments for Catholics (Jesuits, inquisition)

A New Religion