The Reedy River Master Plan - Hoosic River Revival · 2016-09-26 · The Reedy River Master Plan Presented by The Center for Community Growth and Change Clemson University ... Sam

The Reedy River Master Plan

Presented by The Center for Community Growth and Change

Clemson University May 2002

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Funded by: The City of Greenville Greenville County Clemson University’s College of Architecture, Arts and Humanities

Research Conducted by:

The Center for Community Growth and Change The College of Architecture, Arts and Humanities Clemson University Dean Janice Schach, FASLA

Director:

Dr. Barry Nocks, AICP

Designers:

Dr. Umit Yilmaz Georgia Harrison, ASCA Harry Harritos, AIA

Associate Planner:

Lucy Noth



ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Many people and organizations contributed to this project. Elected officials and staff of the City and County of Greenville were instrumental in initiating and guiding this effort.These include: The Steering Committee that met regularly to review the Clemson team’s

progress- Phyllis Henderson, chair; Joe Dill, Mark Kingsbury, Bob Taylor, Xanthene Norrisand, Garry Coulter, Chandra Dillard, Lillian Flemming, Michelle Shain, Fred Carpenter (replaced by Diane Smock), and Mayor Knox White, ex officio.

Staff members of City and County governments- Charles (Randy) Oliver, City Manager; Nancy Whitworth and Julie Franklin of the Economic and Community Development Department, City of Greenville; Steve Stewart, County Administrator and Jimmy Forbes, Director of the PlanningCommission, Greenville County.

Numerous other staff members of City and County Governments provided invaluable assistance.

Numerous faculty, students and staff members at Clemson University contributed to this effort: Clemson University faculty that took leadership roles in the process-

Designers Umit Yilmaz, Harry Harritos and Georgia Harrison; PlanningProfessors Grant Cunningham and Jeff Parkey; and Lucy Noth, Associate Plannerand Center Coordinator

Dean Janice Schach, FASLA Graduate Assistants who performed invaluable assistance in completing the

project- Patricia McPherson, Sam Gannon and Dana Zaffuto

Clemson University students in various City Planning, Architecture and Landscape Studios

Other Clemson University staff in public information and other departments.

The completion of this project would not have been possible without the generoussupport of many interested residents of Greenville. Various professionals and volunteers gave generously of their time and expertise to assist the Clemson project team with advice and assistance. Stakeholders made themselves available to us and shared their perspectives willingly. Media representatives worked to become informed about the project and provided fair and constructive coverage. Perhaps most important, manyresidents took time out of their busy lives to participate in the process and share their views and concerns. I hope that the concepts presented in this master plan will be developed to contribute to an improved quality of life for Greenville.

Dr. Barry Nocks, AICP Director



TABLE OF CONTENTS

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

THE REEDY RIVER MASTER PLAN REPORT

THE RIVER CORRIDOR DEFINED................................................................................ 2 BACKGROUND STUDIES AND EXISTING PLANS .................................................. 11 MASTER PLAN PROCESS AND MAP ......................................................................... 24 STEP ONE: PUBLIC MEETINGS AND INTERVIEWS .............................................. 26 STEP TWO: TRAIL NETWORK DESIGN.................................................................... 34 STEP THREE: CREATION OF THE MAPS…………………………………………...40 STEP FOUR: KEY DEVELOPMENT SITE DESIGNS ................................................. 48 STEP FIVE: IMPLEMENTATION ................................................................................ 61 LAND USE AND ZONING............................................................................................. 61 LAND USE AND ZONING RECOMMENDATIONS ................................................... 62 STRATEGIES TO ACQUIRE LAND ............................................................................. 63 LAND ACQUISITION RECOMMENDATIONS........................................................... 64 ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES RECOMMENDATIONS................................................ 65 IMPLEMENTATION PHASING RECOMMENDATIONS........................................... 66 PUBLIC / PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS .......................................................................... 72 NEXT STEPS FOR GREENVILLE................................................................................. 73 RECOMMENDATIONS FOR NEXT STEPS................................................................. 73

LIST OF FIGURES

FIGURE 1: THE MASTER PLAN MAP AS SEEN ON PAGE 38, MAP 12................... 3 FIGURE 2: A RIVER AND ITS FLOODPLAINS ........................................................... 3 FIGURE 3-14: NEIGHBORHOODS ................................................................................ 4 FIGURE 15: GRAPHIC REPRESENTATION OF A WATERSHED............................. 6 FIGURE 16: THE WATERSHEDS OF THE REEDY RIVER CORRIDOR .................. 6 FIGURE 17: THE SECTORS OF THE STUDY AREA................................................. 16 FIGURE 18: MAP FOR FIRST PUBLIC MEETINGS .................................................. 40 FIGURE 19: MAP FOR SECOND PUBLIC MEETINGS ............................................. 40



FIGURE 20: MAYBERRY PARK SITE DESIGN......................................................... 52 FIGURE 21: MAYBERRY PARK SITE DESIGN WITH THE FLOODPLAINS........ 53 FIGURE 22: LAKE CONESTEE AREA SITE DESIGN............................................... 56 FIGURE 23: LAKE CONESTEE AREA SITE DESIGN WITH FLOODPLAINS ....... 57 FIGURE 24: N. GREENVILLE YMCA SITE DESIGN ................................................ 59 FIGURE 25: N. GREENVILLE YMCA SITE DESIGN WITH FLOODPLAINS ........ 60

LIST OF MAPS MAP 1: HYDROGRAPHY ............................................................................................... 7 MAP 2: TRAVELERS REST HYDROGRAPHY ............................................................. 8 MAP 3: MAYBERRY PARK HYDROGRAPHY............................................................. 9 MAP 4: LAKE CONESTEE HYDROGRAPHY............................................................. 10 MAP 5: CURRENT LAND USE .................................................................................... 18 MAP 6: TRAVELERS REST CURRENT LAND USE................................................... 19 MAP 7: MAYBERRY PARK CURRENT LAND USE ................................................. 20 MAP 8: LAKE CONESTEE CURRENT LAND USE ................................................... 21 MAP 9: PUBLIC AND SEMI-PUBLIC LANDS ............................................................ 37 MAP 10: TRAIL EASEMENTS OWNERSHIP .............................................................. 38 MAP 11: PUBLIC PROPERTIES AND EASEMENTS................................................. 39 MAP 12: THE MASTER PLAN MAP............................................................................ 44 MAP 13: MASTER PLAN SECTION ONE ................................................................... 45 MAP 14: MASTER PLAN MAP SECTION TWO ........................................................ 46 MAP 15: MASTER PLAN SECTION THREE .............................................................. 47 MAP 16: IMPLEMENTATION PHASING.................................................................... 71

LIST OF TABLES

TABLE 1: EXISTING PLANS ....................................................................................... 11 TABLE 2: INTERVIEWS ............................................................................................... 29 TABLE 3: IMPLEMENTATION PHASING ................................................................. 67



LIST OF APPENDICES

APPENDIX ONE: EXISTING PLANS

APPENDIX TWO: PUBLIC MEETINGS

APPENDIX THREE: TRAIL DESIGN GUIDELINE RECOMMENDATIONS

APPENDIX FOUR: RIVERFRONT CASE STUDIES





EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

Clemson University’s Center for Community Growth and Changedeveloped the Reedy River Master Plan Project under the joint sponsorship of the City and County of Greenville. The project emphasized public input and participation to develop a master plan that will serve as a framework for development within a sixteen-mile stretch of the Reedy River, spanningfrom the river’s headwaters in TravelersRest to Lake Conestee. The river’s character is extremely diversethroughout this corridor, traversing both urban and rural areas. The Reedy River continues to flow an additional 57 miles downstream through Laurens and Greenwood Counties, ending at LakeGreenwood.

The Reedy River has been an integral element in Greenville’s history, playinga central role in the textile industry ofGreenville until the 1980s. Yet, for manyyears the river has been abused and neglected.

Over the past decade the Reedy River Corridor has received growing attention from a number of public and private entities. These have included city andcounty governments, non-profit environmental groups, for-profit corporations, and a variety ofindividuals. As a result of the recognizedpotential of the river corridor, growth in the area, and the general desire to continue improving and protectingGreenville’s quality of life, a Master plan for the Reedy RiverCorridor was developed.

The proposed master plan provides guidance to both public and private sectors, defining areas for various typesof land uses (i.e., open space, activerecreation, commercial, residential, etc.) surrounding land uses, infrastructure, river and land characteristics, and natural resource considerations. The master plan includes proposals for park improvements and a corridor-wide trail system. Using the master plan, specific proposals can be sought or developed forparticular sites in the river corridor. These proposals may be defined by uses and design guidelines developed in the master plan.

The Objectives of the Reedy River Master Plan

The plan is based on several coreconcepts. These include: Recognize the diversity of the

corridor; Create overarching vision; Provide a feasible, long-term

plan; Create a foundation for future

redevelopment and activitiesaround the river; and

Balance use, redevelopment and water quality issues.

The proposed master plan has three components: An integrated set of trails or

pathways to, around and alongthe Reedy River;

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY



Reedy River Master Plan

Reedy River Master Plan Report 2

Sites for recreation and/oreconomic development near the river; and

Land use recommendations.

In addition, water quality issues are noted, reflecting the strong public concern with flooding, water quality and storm water runoff.

Summary of Public Input

For planning purposes, the corridor was divided into five sectors. These are noted in Figure 17 on page 15. Sectors include: Northern area (headwaters to Sulphur Springs Road), Textile Crescent (Sulphur Springs to Academy),Downtown (Academy throughCleveland Park), Greenville Tech (south of Cleveland Park to I-85), and Conestee (I-85 to Conestee Mill).

Between July 9 and 17, 2001, five meetings were held along the 16-mile Reedy River corridor. These sessions were attended by between 50 and 200 people each, with a total of about 500 people participating in these sessions.They were asked what they liked anddisliked as well as what they did and did not want to see in the river corridor. Public comments were similar amongthe five meetings. The most commonlyexpressed views included:

•Greenville cares about the Reedy River corridor. •Greenville cares about its quality

of life, seeking additional open space and recreational opportunities, while promoting economic development in selected areas. •Access to the Reedy River is critical toward the future development of the corridor. •The quality of the Reedy River must be improved and protected, paying specialattention to runoff and flooding issues.

Following the public meetings in July,another set of meetings took place in September, in which participants identified specific areas for river access.Another set of public meetings took place in December, where preliminaryplans were presented and discussed. Inaddition, public comments were receivedby e-mail, phone and web site. The Reedy River Project staff also reviewed more than two dozen plans and interviewed over 100 stakeholders to getinput on related issues.

An important source of ongoingguidance during the process was a steering committee made up of members of city and county councils, chaired byCounty Council member PhyllisHenderson.

Pathways System

The Master Plan Map (Figure 1) showsa variety of routes both to and around the river. In most cases the pathways not along the river are proposed in public easements held by utilities or alongroads. Specific improvements in rights





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C E NTER F OR C OM MU NITY GR OWTH A ND C HA NGE

M a p c om pi l at i o n by th e C e n te r fo r C om m un i ty G row t h a nd Ch a ng e , D e pa r tm e nt o f P la n ni ng a nd L a n ds c a pe A rc h ite c tur e, C le m s on U ni v e rs i ty , A ny r es p on s ib il i ty o r li a bi l it y f r om the us e o f th i s m a p is e x pre ss l y d i s c la i m e d .

City of Greenville, South Carolina

Reedy River Master Plan Map

Downtown Area

0 2 4 Miles

Railroad

Existing Land UseReedy RiverStreamsFloodplain

Waterbodies

Public and Sem-Public PropertiesExisting Parks

Commercial, Residentail and Mixed Use

AmtrackMill Redevelopment

Retail, Office & ResidentialRetail & OfficeRetail & ResidentialOffice

Community Recreation RedevelopmentProposed Land Use and Trail System

Trail and Transportation NetworkPotentially Off Street PathsOff Street PathsOn Street PathsTram

Semi-Public ParksRecreation Area and Trails around the North Greenville YMCAThe Lake Cones tee Env ir onem ntal, Recreational and Educat ional Center

Public Parks

Other Public Openspaces

Mayberry Park (The W. Greenville Floodplain Area)

Sport Fields

Legend

Floodway

of way can be developed over time.Additional easements in the utilitycorridors may be obtained by workingwith local landowners.

Proposed pathways along the river include areas in a variety of current ownership situations: publicly owned, privately owned, and privately ownedwith a utility or other easement. We recommend that conservation easements be sought for privately owned propertyso that trails may be created as proposed.This can be accomplished throughefforts of a nonprofit entity. The proposed pathways can be developed over time in various loops around the river.

Figure 1: The Master Plan Map as seen on page 38, Map 12.

Various types of trails are proposed:

•On-street trails indicate sidewalk creation or improvements and bike lane along street; •Off-street trails indicate the development of pedestrian and bike paths that do not lie along a roadway; •Future off-street trails that lie in private property, which will need to be obtained through conservation easements,purchase or some other means; and •Tram: the former Greenville Northern Railroad line that is owned by theGreenville County EconomicDevelopment Committee. When developed, this hard surface tramline can act as a trail and transportation line between Travelers Rest and downtown Greenville, with stops along the way.

Sites for Recreation or Economic

Development

Creating the pathways around the river opens up several areas for recreation or other activities. These include the following:

Potential Redevelopment Sites

Old Travelers Rest High School—Existing fields can be combined with mixed-usehousing, office and/or retail as well as community spaces;

Mills in the Textile Crescent—While most of these mills are vacant, mixed use potential maybe possible for these uniquestructures;

Amtrak Station—With thedevelopment of high-speed rail





through Greenville in the nextdecade, the current station has the potential to become a centerpiece for redevelopment in the West Washington Street area;

Mayberry Park area—This large floodplain area can be linked to Academy Street and downtown Greenville through the ReedyRiver, with higher intensitymixed use closer to downtown.Mayberry Park would be expanded to include more playing fields and large openspace adjacent to development at the edge of the flood plain;

Downtown mixed-use sites—Several sites in downtown Greenville near the river arebeing considered fordevelopment as office, residential and/or commercial uses;

Conestee Mill—Similar to other mills no longer used for production, this mill can be reused in conjunction withrecreation plans for the LakeConestee area.

Potential Recreational Sites

North Greenville YMCA—A new facility is being built on the Reedy in Travelers Rest. This has the potential of beingconnected to the town as well as the corridor, thus spurringpotential economic development;

Mayberry Park area—The largeflood plain is ideal for active and passive recreation as describedabove, using significant city-owned land as a start in this project;

Lake Conestee area—With the combination of Lake ConesteeFoundation’s land in and aroundthe lake, the city baseballstadium, and other Municipal properties, there is a potential for over 200 acres of recreationalactivities in this area. Thiswould provide a significantregional resource, also spurringpotential for economic development in the Conestee area.

Use of the County-owned Rail corridor: Travelers Rest to

Greenville

Greenville County EconomicDevelopment Committee has purchasedthe former Greenville and Northern rail corridor for future use as a transportation link.

This right-of-way runs from Travelers Rest through Furman and the textilecrescent to Academy Street at the edgeof downtown Greenville. Providing a hard surface trail that could be used by a tram (that would run on a flat surface, as opposed to tracks) and pedestrians would greatly enhance the use of this northern section of the corridor.

General recommendations by Sector:

1: Preserve rural, residential character and promote connections to Travelers Rest;





2: Improve residential character &promote mixed-use in mills; 3A: Improve and maintain parks, promote mixed use with residentialcomponents; 3B: Maintain residential character; and 4: Develop recreation complex around Lake Conestee & create linkages to town.

Both the City and County of Greenville are in the process of reviewing and/orrevising their land developmentregulations. A first step would be to bring zoning classifications in line with the above recommendations. Another step is to create overlay districts around the Reedy River to recognize and enhance its specific character. Inparticular, overlay districts would be helpful in promoting water quality,reducing flooding, stabilizing the banks of the river, and providing a foundationfor recreation areas, trails and other developments.

The overlay district would follow the river and generally extend 200 feet on each side. This width would varyaccording to local conditions. Overlaydistricts could include a flexible zoningclassification that would encourageinnovative land planning and site designaround the river, including mixed-use, clustered development and open space asappropriate. Sites would be reviewed on a case-by-case basis for coherence. A design overlay district with setbacks, building heights and other features could also be considered.

Water Quality Considerations

Public attention has been focused on flood control, water quality and storm water issues around the Reedy River.Clearly, any plan for the river corridor must respect these considerations.Fortunately, these issues have been analyzed and discussed in numerous forums and studied by a number of public and private agencies. The ReedyRiver Task Force, coordinated by the SC Department of Natural Resources,recently completed a two-year study.Their report, The Reedy River Report: Managing a Watershed, providesscience-based consensus on managingthis watershed. The seven task forces of this DNR studydeveloped numerous recommendations.These findings should be incorporated in any plans for trails, parks and development in the watershed. An overview of these recommendationsincludes the following:

Understand flood and drainage issues through study and planning of the river;

Identify what can be reasonablydone by public and privateactions to control flooding and water quality;

Follow basic principles around the river: Control runoff from new development;

Let flood plains flood; Minimize contaminants entering the

river through riparian buffers; Seek to increase base water flow

where possible; Reduce trash in the Reedy River;





Promote aquatic health of the river through stream rehabilitation and monitoring;

Create and maintain a greenwaysystem around the river and its tributaries; and

Initiate a public education process to make people aware of waterquality issues.

These concepts and principles are important to include in the current master plan effort for the Reedy River corridor, currently under study, both in the basic plans and their on-going implementation.

Land Use and Recommendations

The character of the river and the master plan’s pathway system suggestthat local jurisdictions pay particularattention to land use around the river.Since land use regulation implemented at the local level, we urge local governments (Greenville County, the Greenville City and Travelers Rest) to adopt plans and codes that conform to the nature of the corridor.

The Report

The Reedy River Master Plan is divided into six steps that reflect the process in which the plan was constructed. Each of the steps are described in more detail in the “Master Plan Process and Map” section (p.24).

The maps that are used in the report are presented in the text as 11x17” format. The planning office of the City and County of Greenville have larger copies of the maps.





FINAL REPORT

Presented by The Center for Community Growth and Change

Clemson University May 2002





The River Corridor Defined

A recurring question throughout the planning process has been: What are the boundaries of the river corridor?Because of the complexity of objectives that comprise the Reedy River Master Plan, it is not possible to state one definitive width or area that can be called the “corridor”. Looking at the objectives, it became clear the there are three realms in which the Master Plan functions. First is the river itself, or, the riverbed and its floodplains. Second are the neighborhoods that surround the Reedy. And last are the watersheds thatcontribute to the water quality and healthof the Reedy.

The Riverbed and Its Floodplain A river corridor is more than just the river channel. It also comprises the floodplain area. Technically, this can be divided into four specific areas. TheRiverbed, or channel where the riverwater runs under normal circumstances; the floodway where the banks of the river swell during heavy rainfall; the Regulatory Floodplain where waters typically rise during flooding rainfall;and the Standard Project Flood Limit

(SPF Floodplain) where land is subject to flooding by very large floods. All levels of the floodplain should have specific considerations and regulationsfor development: Floodway: Very environmentallysensitive, the floodway should never be built upon. The floodway area needs to be kept open to carry floodwater throughthe corridor. Regulatory Floodplain: This level of floodplain can be very sensitive to erosion or negative impacts of development. However, there are some circumstances where development maybe feasible with proper filling, flood proofing or other means of protection. The regulations for development should be based on technical study and approvalwith the Engineering Office of the jurisdiction. SPF Floodplain: Although this area is subject to very heavy flooding, it is less endangered by development. Regulations and procedural approvalprocess should be developed for these areas; however, the procedures for SPF areas will be less restrictive than the regulatory floodplain.

Figure 1 shows the various floodplain characteristics.





Figure 2: A River and its Floodplains

The Neighborhoods

The aforementioned concept of beautification is carried onto the nextdefinition of the river corridor: the neighborhoods. The trail network that is proposed in this Master Plan extends the river corridor boundaries out to the surrounding neighborhoods that surround the river. The Reedy River Master Plan will enhance the quality of life for the entire greater Greenville area. The plan will have a direct impact on the neighborhoods around the Reedy. The trail network will allow greater

walkability and cycling opportunities to the residents of the neighborhoods. Inother cities that have developed such trails, property values have increased and created a brisk realty market due to the desire to live in the area.

In turn, the neighborhoods provide a sense of place, Historical significance,and community to the trail network and the selected sites of development. The following photographs (Figures 3-14) show some examples of the diverse neighborhoods throughout the studyarea.





Figure 3: Neighborhoods: Mill town near Renfrew (Sector 1)

Figure 4: Neighborhoods: Mill town near Monaghan Mill (Sector 2)

Figure 5: Neighborhoods: Green Valley Country Club (sector 1)

Figure 6: Neighborhoods: House near Monaghan Mill (Sector 2)

Figure 7: Neighborhoods: Montague Road (Sector One)

Figure 8: Neighborhoods: Homes on 7th

Street (Sector 2)





Figure 9: Neighborhoods: West End MainStreet (Sector 3A)

Figure 10: Neighborhoods: Home near Cleveland Park (Sector 3B)

Figure 11: Neighborhoods: Near West End (Sector 3A)

Figure 12: Neighborhoods: Apartments at Wrenwood Road (Sector 4)

Figure 13: Neighborhoods: Nicholtown (Sector 3B)

Figure 14: Neighborhoods: Conestee Mill (Sector 4)

Source of Neighborhood photos: Reedy River Master Plan Visual Analysis. Photographs taken by Dana Zafutto.





The Watersheds Watersheds regions are areas bounded peripherally by a divide that drains, ultimately, to a particular watercourse or body of water (see Figure 15). The Reedy River Watershed consists of more than 167,000 acres of land with 325 miles of streams. Within the ReedyRiver drainage basin, there are thirteen subwatersheds, six of which surround the study areas (see Figure 16).

It is important to consider the watershed area as a definition of the Reedy River for environmental purposes. Basically,the water quality of the Reedy cannot be improved if the water sources that drain into it are not improved as well. The SC DNR process and study; The ReedyRiver Report: Managing a Watershedexplains the importance of watershedsand the policies that manage them.

Source: Lane Council of Governments Figure 15: Graphic Representation of a Watershed

Figure 16: The watersheds of the Reedy River Corridor

Map 1 (next page) shows the waterwaysassociated with the Reedy River studyarea; including the floodway, the floodplains and the tributaries of the Reedy. Maps 2-4 are detailed maps of Travelers Rest, Mayberry Park and LakeConestee; the three key sites of the plan.





Map 1: Hydrography

Hyd

rog

rap

hy

Furman

Conestee Found.

Westside

Sewer

Duke

Western CarolinaSchool

Old Landfill

Stadium

City

Park

Church

YMCA

Equestrian Park

Cemetery

Duke Power

Green. Tech

Old TR High

Berea Middle

Lake Conestee Fo

Poe

County

County Square

Monaghan

Union Bleachery

Beck Elementary

Hyatt

Heritage Green

Mayberry Park

Cleveland Park

Brandon

Soccer Complex

BiLo Center

Amtrak

Duncan Chapel. E

Boys & Girls Club

Woodside

County Park

Conestee Mill

Housing Authorit

Eastern Baptis t

SCDOT

Travellers Rest

Liberty Baptist

Augusta Circle E

Pelham Rd. Bapti

Reedy River Pres

Conestee Church

Public Housing

G'Ville Sewer

WCRSA

Paramount Park

YMCA

SchoolPark

map compiled by Jeff Parkey, Center for Community Growth and Changedata from the City of Greenville, SC; Greenville County, SC; Pinnacle Consulting Group,

Greenville, SC; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, National Wetlands Inventoryall data North American Datum 1983

Any responsibility or liability from the use of this map is expressly disclaimed.14 March, 2002

Center for Community Growth and Change, Clemson UniversityCity of Greenville, South CarolinaGreenville County, South Carolina

The Reedy River Master Plan Project

Floodway

Floodplain

100 Year

500 Year

Reedy River

Tributaries

Wetlands

1:800005000 0 5000 10000 Feet

Re

edy

Riv

er

Co

rrid

or

PDF created with FinePrint pdfFactory trial version http://www.fineprint.com Digitized by South Carolina State Library




Map 2: Travelers Rest Hydrography

0 2000 4000 Feet

map compiled by Lucy Noth, Center for Community Growth and Changedata from the City of Greenville, SC; Greenville County, SC; Pinnacle Consulting Group, Greenville, SC; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, National Wetlands Inventory

all data North American Datum 1983Any responsibility or liability from the use of this map is expressly disclaimed.

14 March, 2002

The

Ree

dy R

iver

Mas

ter P

lan

Pro

ject

Trav

eler

s R

est

Hyd

rogr

aphy

Old TR High

Travellers RestYMCA

Park

MCELHANEY

USHW

Y25

MAIN

T0 EQUESTRIAN PARK

WetlandsTributaries

Reedy River

500 Year100 Year

FloodplainFloodway

(County Floodway information not available)





Map 3: Mayberry Park Hydrography

ACADEMY

W WASHINGTON

CHU

RCH

S M

AIN

BIRNIE ST C

LEVE LAND

0 2000 4000 Feet

Hyd

rogr

aphy

May

berry

Par

kTh

e R

eedy

Riv

er M

aste

r Pla

n P

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14 March, 2002

WetlandsTributaries

Reedy River

500 Year100 Year

FloodplainFloodway






Map 4: Lake Conestee Hydrography

WetlandsTributaries

Reedy River

500 Year100 Year

FloodplainFloodway


Lake Conestee

Sewer

Western Carolina

Old Landfill

StadiumCitySoccer

Complex

Conestee Mill

Public Housing

WCRSA

FORK SHOALS

CONESTEE

MAU

LDIN

Hyd

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Lake

Con

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Riv

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14 March, 2002

0 2000 4000 Feet





Background Studies and Existing Plans

Existing Plans

Many plans have been completed in the Greenville area that concerns the ReedyRiver Master Plan study area. Twenty-five plans are listed below (see Table 1);

categorized by date, title, type(consultants’ report, environmental,official City report, or official Countyreport), and author. Copies of the listed plans may be obtained through the Cityor County Planning Offices. (With the exception of the Kelsey & Guild plan, all are relatively recent.)

Table 1: Existing Plans

Type of Plan Title Author Date Prepared

Consultant Report Beautifying and Improving Greenville, SC

Kelsey & Guild, Landscape Architects (Boston, MA) for the Municipal League of Greenville, SC

January 1907

Consultant Report Conestee: AnExtraordinary UrbanConservation OpportunityThe Pathway from Neglect to CommunityAssetGreenville, SC

Dr. Dave Hargett for Greenville Magazine

March 2001

Consultant Report Design Guidelines for theCentral Business DistrictGreenville, SC

Winter and Company for the City of Greenville

September 2000

Consultant Report Downtown GreenvilleHousing Market AnalysisGreenville, SC

J. Terrence Farris, PhD., AICP for the City of Greenville Economic Dev. Department

1998






Consultant Report Downtown GreenvilleReport Card and Strategic AssessmentGreenville, SC

LDR International, Inc. for the City of Greenville, SC

February 12, 1997

Consultant Report Downtown GreenvilleSector Master PlansGreenville, SC

LDR International, Inc. for the City of Greenville, SC

February 13, 1998

Consultant Report Economic ImpactAnalysis for the ReedyRiver Corridor DevelopmentGreenville, SC

Economics Research Associates for the Greenville Convention and Visitors Bureau

May 5, 1999

Consultant Report Greenville Conventionand Trade Center Initiative Plan for the Conversion of the Palmetto Expo Center to a Convention Facility

C.H. Johnson Consultants, Inc. for the Greenville Convention and Visitors Bureau

February 24, 1999

Consultant Report Greenville Parks MasterPlan StrategiesGreenville, SC

LDR International, Inc. for the City of Greenville Department of Parks & Recreation

August 1999

Consultant Report Judson Neighborhood Survey: Summary ReportGreenville, SC

Clemson U. Comprehensive Planning Studio for the Greenville County Redevelopment Authority

December 1995

Consultant Report (non-fiction book)

Greenville's West End: ABrief HistoryGreenville, SC

Dr. Judy Bainbridge Unknown

Consultant Report Market Analysis for Downtown GreenvilleRetail and Entertainment/AttractionGreenville, SC

Hunter Interests, Inc. for the City of Greenville and the Greater Greenville Chamber of Commerce

February 23, 1998






Consultant Report Proposed ConventionCenter Hotel MarketFeasibility ReportGreenville, SC

Horwath Hospitality Consulting for the Greenville Convention and Visitor's Bureau

December 1998

Consultant Report Retail BusinessDevelopment Programand RecruitmentStrategy: DowntownGreenville, SC

Development Strategies for the City of Greenville and the Greenville Chamber of Commerce

March 19, 1999

Consultant Report Revitalization StrategiesWestend GreenvilleGreenville, SC

LDR International, Inc. for the City of Greenville, SC and the Westend Association

March 1989

Consultant Report The Reedy River CorridorVision Plan Greenville,SC

Sasaki Assoc. with the City and County of Greenville and the Development Association of Greater Greenville (DAGG).

Summer-Fall 1998

Consultant Report West Washington StreetArea RedevelopmentTraffic Impact StudyGreenville, SC

Sprague & Sprague Consulting Engineers for the City of Greenville

June 1999

Official City Plan Community Developmentand Relations DivisionNeighborhood Report Cards Greenville, SC

The City of Greenville Community Development and Relations Division

November 2001

Official City Plan Greenville, SCComprehensive Plan

The City of Greenville Planning Commission

1999

Official City Plan Pleasantburg DriveCommercial CorridorAssessment and MasterPlan RecommendationsGreenville, SC

The City of Greenville Economic Development Department

July 1999






Official City Plan SouthernsideNeighborhood PlanGreenville, SC

The City of Greenville (?)

Unknown

Official County Plan

1993 Neighborhood Conditions StudyGreenville, SC

The Greenville County Redevelopment Authority

1993


Designing our DestinyGreenville County'sComprehensive PlanExecutive SummaryGreenville, SC

The Greenville County Planning Commission

February 24, 1999


Designing our DestinyGreenville County'sComprehensive PlanLand Use ElementGreenville, SC

The Greenville County Planning Commission

February 24, 1999

Environmental Report

Reedy River Watershed Study - Draft Version I Greenville and LaurensCounties, SC

The South Carolina Department of Natural Resources

October 3, 2000

In addition, a number of other organizations are concurrently researching within the studyarea. The organizations include:

EPA; DNR; DHEC; Corps of Engineers; City of Greenville; Greenville County; Pinnacle Consulting; Woolpert Consulting; Friends of the Reedy River; and Upstate Forever





Key issues and restraints that were listed in these existing plans are:

Urbanization of the Greenville area;

Flooding and increased stormwater runoff;

Floodplain preservation; Riparian zone preservation; Poor water quality; Pollution along the Reedy

including point source, non-point-source pollutants and litter;

Wetlands preservation; Inconsistent width of the Reedy

River; Lack of recreational

opportunities; Lack of public access; Limited public open space; Zoning; Property rights; Neighborhoods; Historic sites; and Lack of vision within the

Greenville area

Recommendations given in existingplans include: Promote the Reedy River

Corridor in conjunction with historic sites, neighborhoods,redevelopment and revitalized areas and design guidelines;

Establish a comprehensive greenway system in conjunction with historic sites, implementation of an overlaydistrict, and an Open Space Plan; and

Promote the quality of waterwaysin the Saluda watershed and the quality of the Reedy River with appropriate flood controlmeasures, maintained riparian

buffers, soil erosion controls,improved tree protection, and leadership management.

Background Studies

Background studies are an essential element to the start of any plan. TheLandscape Architecture and CityPlanning Department of ClemsonUniversity conducted the followingstudies: Visual Analysis: Summer, 2001 Comprehensive Studies: Fall,

2001 Current Land Use: Summer –

Fall, 2001 Watershed Quality

Considerations: Summer 2001 – Spring, 2002

Visual AnalysisFor planning purposes, the corridor wasdivided into five sectors. Sectors include (see Figure 17):

Sector 1: Northern area (headwaters to Sulphur Springs Road)

Sector 2: Textile Crescent (Sulphur Springs to Academy)

Sector 3A: Downtown (Academy throughCleveland Park)

Sector 3B:Greenville Tech (south of Cleveland Park to I-85)





Sector 4: Lake Conestee Area (I-85 to Conestee)

Figure 17: The Sectors of the study area

Visual analysis is a photo-documentation of the study area. It is important background study for a Master Plan because it creates a log of lasting imagesthat can be used as a reference both during the Master planning phase and in future plans. In addition, a visual analysis helps classify and categorize a study area. This visual analysis helped classify the Reedy river corridor into the five sectors used for this plan.

The analysis includes indexed maps that indicate the location of the photographstaken. The photographs were taken in July of 2001. A copy can be found in your jurisdiction’s planning office.

By studying the visual analysis, the sectors of the Reedy River Master Plan can be generalized in the followingways:

Sector One: Rural in nature and low in density, sector one spans from the Reedyheadwaters in Travelers Rest to Sulphur Springs Road. The town of TravelersRest lies within Sector One. This sector consists mostly of residential housing,the style of which varies from low-income trailer parks to luxury homes.Two golf courses are located along the banks of the Reedy in this sector. Furman University, and its student housing are within this sector. The former Greenville Northern Railroad, a railroad line that is being purchased bythe Greenville County Economic Development Committee, runs throughthis entire sector.

Sector Two: Located between Sulphur Springs Road and Academy Street, this sector is called the “Textile Crescent” because it is the home of several formertextile mills. Surrounding the mills, historic mill villages are examples of the quintessential housing type of Sector Two; small single-family homes, manyof which are in need of repair. The “Shoeless” Joe Jackson Park is located here. The former town of City View; a blighted area, is also within this sector.Along the Reedy, most of the land use in Sector Two is industrial: warehouses,mills, and other types, some of which is abandoned. The condition of the Reedyin this sector is poor: littered and overgrown.

Sector Three A: Sector 3A is the central business district of Greenville. The first sector of two within the Greenville City

LEGEND

Sector Divisions

Major Highways

Reedy River





limits, this sector lies between AcademyStreet and Cleveland Park. The Reedyflows along the attractive downtown area, and at (the soon to be former) Camperdown Bridge, falls down a steep bed of rocks, to create what might be the only natural urban waterfall in the nation. The historic Reedy Falls, the birthplace of the city, dissects the downtown Main Street from the renovated West End. Surrounding the downtown area are quaint, tucked-awayresidential neighborhoods of mostlysingle-family homes. Sector 3A also includes most of the central urban parks;McPherson, Cleveland, Linkey Stone, Historic Reedy Falls, and the Greenville Zoo.

Sector Three B: Primarily residential,Sector 3B lies between Cleveland Park and I-85. Pleasantburg Road and Augusta Road, large commercial strips are within this sector. Greenville Technical College and the Cleveland St. YMCA are two large semi-public lands within Sector 3B.

Sector Four: Located between I-85 andLake Conestee, Sector Four includes many large properties of semi-public and private domain: Lake Conestee,Conestee Mill, the old City Landfill, the Braves’ Stadium, and Western Carolina Sewer Authority are all propertieswithin Sector Four. The town of Conestee is also with the sector boundary. Much of Sector Four, LakeConestee and the landfill are environmentally damaged. The town of Conestee, consisting of primarily single-family homes, lacks identity and is in need of redevelopment

Comprehensive Background Studies

In the Fall semester of 2001, the Comprehensive Planning Studio class of Clemson’s City and Regional PlanningGraduate Studies Program conducted a thorough background studies and draftedelements of a comprehensive plan for the Reedy River study area. The information that the graduate students collected include information in the followingareas: Demographics; Housing; Natural resources; Cultural resources; Economics; Community facilities; Land use; and Redevelopment potential.

Current Land Use

Current land use is an important factor to analyze while performing backgroundstudies. Being familiar with the land use patterns lends an understanding of what type of development should be considered within the study area.

Map 5 shows the current land use of the study area. The following resources provided the current GIS land use information:

County information is from the National Wetlands Inventory;and

City information is from the Cityof Greenville’s GIS database. Itis land use information from 1998.





Map 5: Current Land Use

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Map 7: Mayberry Park Current Land Use

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Water Quality Considerations

Water quality was a major public concern in this process. They were particularlyinterested in flooding, storm water management, water quality, trash in the river, and runoff of pollutants into the river. These issues are a function of current water and storm water treatment systems, as well as land use and development around the river.

City and County regulations (in keepingwith Federal requirements) recognize this, prohibiting construction in the floodway,and limiting construction in the floodplain to one and two foot (county and city) risecertification studies. The City and Countyare currently seeking federal storm water permits. This process will require considerable planning and analysis of the water quality issues noted above, leadingto recommendations that should be consistent with improving water quality in the Reedy River.

The challenges facing the Reedy River are typical, as an urban river. In particular,additional urbanization and growth creates more impervious surface and thus greaterrunoff volume from an even greater urbanarea. Urban runoff is often contaminated with oil and other materials. Without significant riparian buffers, these pollutants enter the river, reducing waterquality. Thus, riparian buffers can provide useful protection for the river.Conveniently, the proposed trail systemhas a dual purpose of providingrecreation/public river access and water quality.

Many sections of the Reedy River contained older mills and other industrial uses that are potential brownfield areas.The exact nature of ground contamination

has not been determined, although the Cityis currently participating in a brownfield pilot study in an area around a section of the Reedy River. Again, maintainingriparian buffers in these areas can be anefficient and safe use of this land.

Public attention has been focused on flood control, water quality and storm water issues around the Reedy River. Clearly,any plan for the river corridor must respect these considerations. The Reedy River Task Force, coordinated by the SC Department of Natural Resources recentlycompleted a two-year study. Their report,The Reedy River Report: Managing a Watershed provides science-basedconsensus on managing this watershed.

The seven task forces of this DNR studydeveloped numerous recommendations.These findings should be incorporated in any plans for trails, parks and development in the watershed. An overview of these recommendations includes the following:

Understand flood and drainageissues through study and planningof the river;

Identify what can be reasonablydone by public and private actionsto control flooding and waterquality;

Control runoff from newdevelopment;

Let flood plains flood; Minimize contaminants entering

the river through riparian buffers; Seek to increase base water flow

where possible; Reduce trash in the Reedy River; Promote aquatic health of the river

through stream rehabilitation and monitoring;





Create and maintain a greenwaysystem round the river and its tributaries; and

Initiate a public education processto make people aware of waterquality issues.

Watershed management programs must take into consideration many factors. The plan should incorporate a complete inventory of watershed conditions, which include:

Water quality; Storm drainage; Infrastructure; Conveyance systems; Point source pollution; Non-point source pollution; Precipitation amounts; Groundwater conditions; Erosion; Soils; Current land use; Future land use; and Population/demographic figures

There are also a number of wetland systems around the Reedy. These are sensitive areas and must be treated carefully. The wetland system in the Mayberry Park area has received a greatdeal of attention, and is being consideredfor a Corps of Engineers study to restore this wetland area.

The Reedy River Master Plan abides bythese recommendations. By creating a greenway /trail system throughout the study area, the following objectives are met: A riparian buffer can be

maintained;

Development can be limited to ecologically sound recreational development;

The development that is planned to take place within the floodplain can have low negative impact on the environment, such as erosionand developmental runoff; and

Water quality, flooding and stormwater concerns raised byresidents can be addressed.

The Reedy River Master Plan has and will continue to encourage public participation in its development and implementation; this is an excellent“hands-on” approach to local development and improvement.





Master Plan Process and Map

Process Overview

The Reedy River Master Plan can be divided into seven steps:

Step One: Public and ExpertInput Public participation and input has been the most important factor of the ReedyRiver Master Plan. Through the courseof public meetings held in July and September, information was gatheredfrom participants. Maps and displayswere created to use at workstations. Inthe meetings, participants worked with meeting facilitators who presentedstandard questions about the study area that could be explained with the maps. Responses of the participants were noteddirectly on the maps and displays. The information was later complied and organized. The concepts gathered arelisted in Public Meeting Summaries section of the plan. A general overview of the public meetings can be found in page 26. Detailed list of comments are included in the appendices.

Also, an extensive series of interviewswere conducted during the summermonths of 2001. Interviewees included: City and County Administrators City and County Council

Members City and County Staff Police Department Education Officials Utilities Officials

Neighborhood Associations Community Leaders and

Organizations Religious Leaders and

Organizations Representatives of Local Arts

Organizations Business Leaders and

Organizations Recreation Officials Others

Table 2 lists the individuals interviews within a classification outline.

Step Two: Trail Network Design Trails are created on public propertywhenever possible. Public properties include public roads and parks. Semi-public properties were used when necessary. Two non-profit properties, the N. Greenville YMCA and the LakeConestee Foundation property areincluded in the design of the trail network with full cooperation of the landowners. There are areas where the trail design passes through property that is privately owned. Efforts will need to be made to negotiate with landowners to explore the possibilities of land use for trail development. Step Five will discuss the procedures of land acquisition.

Step Three: Map Creation Maps are an integral part of anyplanning process. Throughout the project, from the public meetings to the design phases, GIS maps were created to aid in the representation of the plan.





A detailed description of the mappingmethods begins on page 40.

Step Four: Key DevelopmentSite Design

Opportunity Sites for Development, both the recreational land and real estate,were selected by information gathered in combination of the public meetings, the design phase and with guidance from the public planning agencies. These sites are described beginning on page 48.

Step Five: Land Acquisitionand RegulationRecommendationsIn order to implement the Master Plan, close attention needs to be paid to the

type of lands that will be used for its ideas, especially the trail network. It is more convenient and feasible to concentrate on public and semi-public properties, as opposed to private property for site and trail location. This step focuses on the steps that were takento determine how to connect the public lands. In addition, recommendations for land acquisition are listed.

Step Six: ImplementationRecommendations Implementation is perhaps the most challenging phase of a plan’s function. Itis important to phase this process forpolitical and financial feasibility.



Reedy River Master Plan DRAFT

26

STEP ONE: PUBLIC MEETINGS AND INTERVIEWS

Initial Public Meetings July 8-17, 2001

Between July 8 and 17, five meetingswere held along the 16-mile Reedy River corridor. These sessions were attendedby between 50 and 200 people each, with a total of 500 people participatingin these sessions. They were asked fourquestions: What they liked about the

existing river corridor; What they disliked; What they did want to see

happen in the river corridor, and; What they did not want to see

happen. Public comments were similar amongthe five meetings. The followingsummarizes the themes that were identified in these meetings.

Greenville cares about theReedy River corridor. Desirable elements and places of

beauty need to be preserved,including wildlife, plants, and the river itself.

The river is a critical resourcerunning through the middle of Greenville County that is a potential jewel to be polished byserving as a spine for renewaland redevelopment.

The river is strongly identifiedwith Greenville’s history.

Different sections of the riverhave their own unique character.

Greenville cares about its quality of life.

Additional open space, greenspace and recreationalopportunities are important and needed by Greenville residents.

Greenville wants to maintain, if not improve the quality of life with the Reedy River Plan.

There is a strong desire for connection among different parts of Greenville along the ReedyRiver corridor through a trailsystem that runs the length of the study area along the river, and includes a variety of uses:walking, biking, etc.

Both active and passive recreation should be included in the corridor; there is strongpublic support for keepingBraves Stadium and the Zoowhere they are.

Economic, residential and natural uses can and should be balancedalong the corridor.

Efforts to improve neighborhoods adjacent to the river should be made; Thisincludes CommunityDevelopment activities as well as creating job opportunities.

Access to the river is a critical element of any development along the river.

Both visual and physical accessto the river are important for safe




27

use and to focus attention on the river.

The long linear nature of theriver promotes connectivityamong different parts of Greenville as well as different uses.

People want to use the river areaand have it be attractive.

Safety is a major concern, forwhatever uses that may existalong the corridor.

On-going management of the river corridor is important to maintain water quality andsafety.

The quality of the river must be improved and protected.

The Reedy has suffered from considerable degradation in the past, which must be remedied.

Cleanup activities of the Reedyduring the past decade have made a difference, but are not fully adequate.

Continued trash dumping existsand should be controlled.

Runoff and flooding issues remain important and should be addressed.

The land immediately adjacent to the river is critical for water quality and flood control; overlayzoning and other land regulationbalanced with property rightsshould be used.

Public Work Sessions September 6 – 17, 2001

Five more meetings were held alongthe Reedy River corridor in September.Attendance was between 30 and 100 people for each meeting. Participants were divided into groups of 8 to 12 people. Each group was presented with a preliminary plan that identifiedpossible sites for access, trails,development, and recreation.

The groups were then asked to identifyplaces for connections/access to the river, environmentally sensitive areas, places of cultural and historicalsignificance, and areas that might need improvement. The comments generatedfrom these meetings were used to develop a trails plan and site specific design proposals.

Master Plan Presentation December 3 – 6, 2001

The last round of meetings was held in early December. A total of three meetings took place: the first in Travelers Rest City Hall, the second at the Victory Chapel Baptist Church in Conestee, and the third at County Square in Greenville. Each meeting was attended by an average of 50 people with a total attendance of 160 people. The purpose of the meetings was to present the Reedy River Master Plan Trails and Proposed Land Use map to the public for their review and comment prior to final submission.




28

Travelers Rest commentsincluded:

The existing railroad tracks impose a hardship on the businesses downtown.

A tramline may be a goodalternative use for the Greenville Northern Railroad line.

Historic markers and signage forthe crossings over the Reedy areimportant.

It is important that the variouscity and County councilscontinue to work together to seethis plan through itsimplementation.

Conestee Commentsincluded:

Plan implementation shouldoccur in Conestee, not just in the downtown area.

It is imperative that the waterquality and other environmentalfeatures are improved at LakeConestee.

It is important that the city andcounty councils continue to work together to see this plan throughits implementation.

The opportunity for continuedpublic input is desired.

County Square commentsincluded:

Improvements should be fair and equitable for all parts of the studyarea.

It is important that the City and County councils continue to work together to see this plan through its implementation.

Interviews

Interviews were conducted with seventy-one officials and representatives of the study area. In addition, two charrettes were conducted in May 2001: one with the staff of Greenville County and Citygovernments, and the other with selectedlocal professionals.

The following table (Table 2) lists the interviews.




29

Table 2: Interviews

Type of Interview Affiliation of Interviewee

Name of Interviewee

Title of Interviewee

Date of Interview

Arts Peace Center for the Performing Arts

Megan Reigel President June 14, 2001

Arts Metropolitan Arts Council

Julie Richard Representative June 21, 2001

Arts Historic Greenville Foundation

Ed Ritts Executive Director June 26, 2001

Business Leaders Greenville Visitors Chris Stone Director May 22, 2001

Business Leaders Brett Communications

Tim Brett Gerald Seals

President May 24, 2001

Business Leaders County RR Group

David Brown Pat Haskell-Robinson

Representatives August 1, 2001

Business Leaders Greenville Braves Steve DeSalvo General Manager

May 23, 2001

Business Leaders Scheer Sports Carl Scheer Reggie Williams

President May 22,2001

Business Leaders Expo Center Butler Mullins President May 23,2001

Business Leaders & Organizations

Hughes Development Corporation

Bob Hughes Principal August 2, 2001


Greenville Restaurant Association & Soby's Restaurant

Carl Sobocinski President Owner

July 11, 2001


West End Business Association

Bill Coleman President July 19, 2001


Private Developer David R. Stone Developer July 27, 2001


Wyche, Burgess, Freeman & Parham Attorneys

Thomas (Tommy) C. Wyche

Partner June 12, 2001


South Trust Bank & Downtown Business Association

Susan Hoag Vice President June 22, 2001




30


Name of Interviewee


Date of Interview

Business Leaders &Organizations

Donaldson CenterDevelopmentCommission - Donaldson CenterIndustrial Park

Vardry Ramseur Executive Director June 29, 2001


Cleveland Street YMCA

Keith QuickBill Barringer

Executive DirectorVP of YMCA

June 6, 2001


Norfolk SouthernRailroad

Anton Cszar Director May 22, 2001


Western Auto inTravelers Rest (TR)

Mr. Nixon Owner May 8, 2001

Charette Greenville CountyPlanning Commission

Charette Various CommunityRepresentatives

May 29, 2001

Charette City of Greenville Charette Various CommunityRepresentatives

May 30, 2001

City and County General Staff

Greenville County Steve Stewart Administrator April 6, 2001

City and County GeneralStaff

Greenville County Charles Hall County ParksCommission

April 6, 2001


City of Greenville Julie Franklin Economic DevelopmentPlanner

April 6, 2001 June 6, 2001


Greenville County Jimmy Forbes Planning Commission April 6, 2001


Greenville County Jason GillespieAsst. CountyEngineer

Greenville County April 16, 2001


Greenville County Steve Brubzinski GC Redevelopment Authority

April 26, 2001


Greenville County EMT Chief Marclay Chief May 9, 2001


City of Greenville FireDept.

Chief McDowell Fire Chief May 9, 2001


County Sheriff’s Office Sam Simmons Sheriff May 11, 2001


City of Greenville Police Dept.

Myron Alderman Lieutenant May 10, 2001


County EmergencyPreparedness Division

Scott Wendelken Chief May15, 2001




31


Name of Interviewee


Date of Interview


City of Greenville Ginny Stroud Community Development

June 28, 2001

City and CountyAdministrators

City of Travelers Rest (TR)

Cliff Gaddy TR administrator/TRWater Board

May 16, 2001

City and CountyAdministrators

City of Mauldin Russell Treadway City Administrator May 11, 2001

City and County Administrators

City of Travelers Rest Mann Batson Mayor May 8, 2001

City and County CouncilMembers

Greenville CountyCouncil

Michelle Shain Councilwoman (AtLarge)

June 14, 2001


Greenville County Mark Kingsbury County council May, 2001


City of Greenville Fred Carpenter City Council May, 2001


Greenville City Council Fred Carpenter Councilman (At Large) June 5, 2001


Greenville City Council Lillian Brock-Flemming

Councilwoman - District 2

June 7, 2001

Community Leaders & Organizations

Furman University Sarah Fletcher Coordinator of Elder Education Programs

May 21, 2001


Gov's Taskforce on Litter

Barbara Allen Director May 15, 2001


N. Greenville YMCA Rebecca Crown and Cindy Kavanaugh

Director Coordinator

May 8, 2001


Boys and Girls Club of America

Mike Foss Director May 11, 2001


Red Cross Ann Sharp Director May 17, 2001


Greenville TransitAuthority

Bill Harned Director May 10, 2001


YWCA Jim Carroll Executive Director July 11, 2001


YMCA GreenvilleCounty

Minor Shaw Chairwoman July 13, 2001




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Name of Interviewee


Date of Interview


Community Planning Council - United Wayof Greenville

Weldon Mikulik Executive Director June 26, 2001


City of Greenville Max Heller Former Mayor June 28, 2001

Education Greenville TechnicalCollege

Joe Cooper Vice President June 19, 2001

Education The School District of Greenville County

Tom Kriese & TerryMills

Project ManagerRepresentative

May 11, 2001

NeighborhoodAssociations

SouthernsideNeighborhoodAssociation

Mary Duckett Representative June 13, 2001

Neighborhood Associations

Gower NeighborhoodAssociation (GENA)

Johston Dantzler & Jim Buschur

President ElectResident and PastPresident

June 28, 2001

Police Department City of Greenville Willie Johnson &Mike Gambrell

Police ChiefSergeant

May 10, 2001

Police Department Greenville CountySheriff's Office

Sam Simmons Sheriff May, 201

Police Department City of Greenville William Marclay PR Chief May, 2001

Recreation The Greenville Zoo & Friends of the Zoo

Lee SimsJan Griffin

DirectorExecutive Director

June 5, 2001

Recreation The Carolina FoothillsGarden Club

Pedrick LoweryCokie Corey

Representatives June 6, 2001

Regional Government Appalachian Council of Governments

Chip Bentley Natural ResourcesPlanner

May 8, 2001

Religious Leaders &Organizations

Springfield Baptist Church (DowntownGreenville)

Dr. Corbitt Minister June 26, 2001

Utilities Metro Water Board Mike Dickson Chief May 6 ,2001

Utilities Berea Water Board George Harrison Chief May, 2001

Utilities Gantt Water Board Carol Elliot Chief May, 2001




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Name of Interviewee


Date of Interview

Utilities Parker Water Board Jan Stansell Chief May, 2001

Utilities Duke Power George Acker Director May, 2001

Utilities Piedmont Natural Gas Bill WorkmanKen Padgett

Representatives May 10, 2001

Utilities Western Carolina Regional SewerAuthority

Lauren Hildebrand, P.E.

Engineering Manager May 8, 2001




34

STEP TWO: TRAIL NETWORK DESIGN

Available Easements

After the first round of public meetingsin July, it became obvious that a network of trails connecting the study area to the Reedy River is strongly desired by the public. The designers working on the plan began to explore ways to create atrail network, while avoiding the costlyand lengthy process of acquiring privateland.

The design team investigated the use of public and semi-public lands, as well as utility easements for the trails. The lands available for public use and potential trail site development are the following:

Public Right-Of-Ways (ROW): ROWs are lands that lie adjacent to streets and riverbeds along privateproperty.

Public-Owned Land: Lands that are owned by a municipality,state, or federal agency are public-ownedland.

Utility Easements: Utility easements are properties that are used, but not owned by power, water, or sewer companies. The width of easement varies. The most feasible easements to consider are the wide easements used for metal power poles and sewer lines. The existing easements are for the utilitylines and access for repair and

maintenance. Agreements would have to be made to use these easements for public access.

Semi-Public Land: Owned by non-profit organizations (i.e. they do not need to pay property taxes),this property is considered semi-private property because the owners are responsible for its maintenance; however, it is usually used for public purposes. Examples of a semi-public property are the N. Greenville YMCA, the Boys and Girls Club, and the LakeConestee Foundation. Churches mayalso be considered semi-public property.A financial partnership can be made between the private organization and the public to fund the trail development on their land.

The Greenville NorthernRailroad:The Greenville County EconomicDevelopment Corporation (GCEDC) owns the Greenville Northern Railroad line. According to this Master plan, this pathway would be converted to a path where a motorized, rubber-wheeled tram can run along the pedestrian and bike paths. This pathway will run from Mayberry Park (near downtownGreenville), through Furman Universityand end just north of Travelers Rest. The use of this railroad line depends on the clarification of several legal issues. Theappropriate authorities must process these issues before a new use, such as a tram, may be implemented.




35

Trail Availability Analysis

Data were collected from the City andCounty of Greenville Planning Offices and Tax Offices. By creating a map, the available lands were analyzed to find the connections of accessible lands for a trail network. The outcome is described in the following section.

The following series of maps show the process that was followed to analyze two topics: the layout of the public and semi-public properties; and, the availability ofeasements for creating a trail network.The purpose of this analysis is to observe the connectivity of the public lands within the study area and, also, the feasibility of implementing the trail network.

Map 9 shows the public and semi-public properties categorized by property type.The legend on the map shows that the properties were categorized into ownership by city, county state orfederal; school, church or non-profits; textile mills, railroad depots, or miscellaneous ownership.

Map 10 categorizes the trail network according to the ownership of the property where trail easements will need to be arranged. The legend on the map shows the general ownership of the areas where the trails are proposed to be located.

Map 11 shows the trail network’seasements categorized into phases depending on their availability:

Blue: Roads Roads are public property, therefore, readily available. Specifics of Right-of-Way availability may be another issue. Furthermore, because of the sheer amount of trail development that will take place on the roads, it is not feasible to plan the on-street trail construction at one time. It should be considered that the on-street trails construction will take years to accomplish and should be approached with a “do-as-can” project.

Green: Immediately Available Immediately available properties are properties that are already planned for development that complies with the Reedy River Master Plan.

Yellow: Readily Available Properties that are semi-public byorganizations that have offered to cooperate with the Master Plan vision are properties that are readily available.Each organization will need to work with the county or city to organize the details.

Orange: Investigate the Possibility If the trail network lies on semi-public or private property, an agreement of some kind, either an easement or a land purchase/lease will need to be agreedupon. These properties are represented in orange.

Red: Long-range Goals There are several places in the study area that will be difficult to acquire due to their current use. These should be considered to be long-range acquisitiongoals.

An additional note: the Master Plan process is not the point where site-




36

specific designs are established.However, there are some trail designguideline recommendations in the Appendices.




37

Map 9: Public and Semi-public Lands

YMCA

Furman

Equestrian Park

Old TR High

Duke Power

Berea Middle

Westside

Cleveland Park

Greenville Tech

WCSCA

Old Landfill

Conestee FoundationStadium

Conestee Mill

BrandonWoodside

American SpinningPoe

Monaghan

Union Bleachery

Boys & Gilrs Club

County Square

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map compiled by Lucy Noth, Center for Community Growth and Changedata from the City of Greenville, SC; Greenville County, SC; Pinnacle Consulting Group,



5000 0 5000 10000 Feet1:80000

Public or Semi-public PropertiesCemeteryChurchCityCountyFederalMillMiscNon-ProfitParksRRSchoolStateUtilitiesTrail Network

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Map 10: Trail Easements Ownership

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1st BaptistBoys&GirlsCityCountyN. Greenville RailroadDukeFriends of the Reedy River (FORR)Furman UGville Country ClubGville TechLake Conestee Foundation (LCF)McAlister SquarePrivateRoadsS. WeavingSchoolSewer EasementUnknownUtility EasementWCSSAYMCA

Owners




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Map 11: Public Properties and Easements

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Trail Easement AvailabilityImmediately AvailableReadily AvailableInvestigate OpportunitiesLong-range GoalsPublic RoadsPublic or Semi-public PropertiesReedy River




40

STEP THREE: CREATION OF THE MAPS

The Analysis Maps

Maps were used throughout the process in order to gather information from the participants.

The maps used for the first public meetings were orthographic photographswith basic and minimal information used for landmark referencing. These maps were designed to pinpoint locations of comments and examples that the participants gave to the four questions asked at the work session: What do you like about the

existing river corridor? What do you dislike? What would you like to see

happen to the river corridor? What would you not like to see

happen to the river corridor?

Figure 18: Map for first Public Meetings

Participants were encouraged to draw and write their comments directly onto the maps.

The maps used in the second round of public meetings represented the public and semi-public lands in the study area. One map showed the available lands in one color to demonstrate theirconnectivity. Afterwards, the lands were classified by colors depending its type(school, church, state-owned property,utilities-owned property, park, etc.). See Map 9 for details. When mapped, the analysis of the public lands was encouraging. The connections of the available lands were relatively consistent throughout the entire study area.

Figure 19: Map for second Public Meetings

County Square

Cleveland Park

SC

HU

RC

H

E WASHINGTON

E NORTH

Governors School

Hyatt

E BROAD

E MCBEESM

AIN

E WASHINGTON

#

Peace Center




41

The Master Plan Map

The Master Plan Map (see Map 12) contains the following elements:

The Trail and TransportationNetwork;

Future Land Use Proposals with Proposed Recreational and Real Estate Development Sites;

Existing Parks and Public Properties (to show the connectedness of the trail network); and

Environmental Features: theReedy River, tributaries, otherwater bodies, and the floodplain.

The Trail and TransportationNetwork

There are four types of paths within the network: On-Street Paths: Trails along

the roadways Off-Street Paths: Pathways that

will be constructed on properties that will not lie along roadsides.

Future Off-Street: Pathways that have been included in the Network that run through private property. These parts of thenetwork will need to be obtainedthrough agreements with the property owners.

Tram Path: The railroad line that is owned by the Greenville County Economic DevelopmentCorporation (GCEDC).According to this plan, this pathway would be converted to a path which a motorized, rubber-wheeled tram can run along the pedestrian and bike paths. This

pathway will run from MayberryPark, through Furman Universityand end just north of Travelers Rest. The use of this railroad line depends on the clarification of several legal issues. The legalauthorities must process these issues before a new use, such as a tram, may be implemented.

Future Land Use Proposal withProposed Sites

There are two basic types of development proposed in this plan: recreational and real estate. However, the map specifies the train station and the mill redevelopment sites as separate classifications due to the nature their recommended uses.

Recreational development includes uses such as sport fields, nature paths, gardens, and passive recreation. Specific areas include:

The North Greenville YMCA - a new facility is being built on the Reedy in Travelers Rest. This has the potential of beingconnected to the town as well as the corridor thus spurring potential economic development.

The Boys and Girls Club – the land owned by this non-profitorganization is located between an existing county park and the targeted Mayberry Park area. TheBoys and Girls Club haveexpressed the desire to cooperate with the overall Reedy RiverMaster Plan and would like to see recreational development on the land.

Mayberry Park - the large flood plain is ideal for active and




42

passive recreation as describedabove, using significant city-owned land as a start in this project.

The Old City Landfill – just north of Lake Conestee, the area that was once used as a landfill is an ideal location for public openspace and passive recreationalactivities.

Lake Conestee - with the combination of Lake ConesteeFoundation’s land in and aroundthe lake, the City baseballstadium, and other Cityproperties, there is a potential for over 200 acres of recreationalactivities in this area. Thiswould provide a significantregional resource, also spurringpotential for economic development in the Conestee area.

Real estate development includes properties that would be suitable for residential, commercial, or mixed use. The sites proposed for this type of development are:

The Travelers Rest High School– The existing high school will be replaced with a new schooland the property can be reused. Its existing fields can be combined with mixed-usehousing, office and/or retail as well as community spaces.

Properties surrounding the Mayberry Park area - This large floodplain area can be linked to Academy Street and downtown Greenville through the ReedyRiver, with higher intensitymixed use closer to downtown.

Mayberry Park would be expanded to include more playing fields and large openspace adjacent to development at the edge of the flood plain.Mixed use development as the edges of the park would berelated to adjacent neighborhoods.

The Amtrak Station - With the development of high-speed rail through Greenville in the nextdecade, the current station has the potential to become a centerpiece for redevelopment in the West Washington Street area.

Mills - While most of these mills are vacant, mixed use potential may be possible for these unique structures. The targeted millsinclude:

- Poe- American Spinning - Monaghan - Brandon - Woodside

Downtown mixed-use sites - Several sites in downtown Greenville near the river arebeing considered fordevelopment as office, residential and/or commercial uses.

Conestee Mill - Similar to other mills no longer used for production, this mill can be reused in conjunction withrecreation plans for the LakeConestee area.




43

Existing Parks, Public and Semi-Public Properties

Existing Parks: The existing parks within the study area are represented in light green. The master plan connects the public parks within the study area withtrails.

Existing public properties: Existingpublic properties are represented as lightyellow on the Master Plan map. These properties include schools, city and county buildings, service buildings, and churches. The purpose of representingthese properties is to consider their potential for public use. Possible uses include parking and rest rooms for trail users. Not every site is appropriate forthis type of cooperation, but many are. Further studies will need to be conducted to determine site feasibility.

Environmental Features

Water Features: The Reedy River andits tributaries are represented as blue lines. Other significant water bodies, such as Lake Conestee, are also represented as solid light blue areas.

Floodplain and floodway: The floodplains in the river corridor are an important feature of the map and are considered an ecologically sensitivearea. It is advised that new construction does not occur within the floodplain area, although the County and City of Greenville regulations permit construction under certain conditions. The light blue-hatched areas representthe 500-year floodplain areas. City andcounty regulations regarding floodplains will be followed. (Exact borders of thesefloodplains can be obtained at the local government engineer’s offices.)

Following the Master Plan map (see Map 12), three sectional maps will provide more detail (Maps 13-15).




44

Map 12: The Master Plan Map

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#

YMCA

#Furman

#

Berea Middle School

CE NT ER FO R C O M MU N IT Y GRO W TH A N D C HAN G E

M a p c rea ted b y Lucy N o th fo r the C en te r fo r C o m m un ity G ro w th a nd C ha nge , D ep a rtm e n t o f P lann in g and La nd sca pe A rch ite c tu re , C lem so n U n iv e r s it y . J anu ary , 2 0 02

A ny re sp o ns ib il ity o r liab il i ty fro m th e u s e o f th is m a p is ex p re s sly d is c la im e d .


Reedy River Master Plan Map

0 2 4 Miles

Railroad

Existing Land UseReedy RiverStreamsFloodplain

Waterbodies



AmtrackMill RedevelopmentRetail, Office & ResidentialRetail & OfficeRetail & ResidentialOffice

Community Recreation RedevelopmentProposed Land Use and Trail System


Semi-Public ParksRecreation Area and Trails around the North Greenville YMCAThe Lake Conestee Environemntal, Recreational and Educational Center

Public Parks


Mayberry Park(The W. Greenville Floodplain Area)

Sport Fields

Legend

Floodway

Proposed Land Use and Trail Network

1:2500

The Reedy River Master Plan




45

Map 13: Master Plan Section One

GEER

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WALDROP

ROCHESTER

BENSON

MONTF

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COLGATE

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-

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KEELER MILL

-

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MONTA

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-

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BOWERS

-

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DUNC

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POIN

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OLD WHITE HORSE

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r See Illustrated Site Plan


WaterbodiesFloodplainStreamsReedy River

Existing Land Use

OfficeRetail & ResidentialRetail & OfficeRetail, Office & Residential

Mill RedevelopmentAmtrack

Community Recreation Redevelopment

Public Parks


Semi-Public Parks

Proposed Land Use and Trail System



Mayberry Park (The W. Greenville Floodplain Area)

Sport Fields

0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 Miles

Recreation Area and Trails around the North Greenville YMCAThe Lake Conestee Environemntal, Recreational and Educational Center

Legend

C EN TE R F O R C O M M UN ITY G RO W TH A N D C H A N G E

Ma p comp ila tion by th e Cen t er f o r Com mu n ity G rowth an d Ch ange , De part me nt o f P la nn ing and L andsc a pe A rch ite ctu re, C lem s on U n iv ers ity, A ny res p ons ib il it y o r lia b il ity from t he use o f th i s m ap i s e xpres sly d isc la im ed .


MAP 1

#

#

YMCA

#

#

The Old Travelers Rest

High School

#

Equestrian Park

#

#

Furman

#

r

The Reedy River Master PlanProposed Land Use and Trail System




46

Map 14: Master Plan Map Section Two




47

Map 15: Master Plan Section Three




48

STEP FOUR: KEY DEVELOPMENT

SITE DESIGNS PRINCIPLES

At the beginning of the design phase of the Master plan, the designers composed a list of design principles to follow while creating the trail network and the sites. The six design principles of the ReedyRiver Master Plan are derived from input from the public meetings and interviews as well as basic design principles that have proven to enhance the environment.

The principles are:

Principle #1: Respect existingland use and physicalcharacteristics

The Reedy River Master Plan suggeststhat a new development should be compatible with the pattern of its surrounding context in order to maintain a cohesive neighborhood environment which depends on the size, shape and location of buildings, open spaces, natural features and roads as well as the uses contained within them.

Proposed design solutions should at least:

A. Relate to the physical characterand scale of the neighborhood;and

B. Enhance linkages to surroundinguses, especially public services and amenities (schools, parks,public transportation).

Principle #2: Facilitate pedestrianfriendly environment

The Reedy River Master Plan suggeststhat new developments should create pleasant, comfortable and safe pedestrian environments.

Proposed design solutions should: A. Locate buildings to define street

edges and corners; B. Enliven street frontages to

enhance the pedestrianexperience;

C. Create safe and memorableplaces for people; and

D. Create pathways that enable pedestrians to interact with the natural environment.

Principle #3: Encourage land use diversity

The Reedy River Master Plan suggestsa rich mix of land uses. Such diversityuses land efficiently, provides for neighborhood convenience and contributes to unique urban experiences. Proposed design solutions should at least:

A. Encourage a compatible mix ofuses at the neighborhood scale;and

B. Identify opportunities for shareduses.




49

Principle #4: Increasetransportation diversity

A functional circulation network of street easements, open spaces and trailsin the master plan connects the ReedyRiver environs and neighborhoods. This system should be maintained and improved in ways that accommodate various modes of transportation balanced with needs for pedestrians such as lightrailroad or tram, bike lanes, trails, and other public transportation networks. Proposed design solutions should:

A. Create a balanced circulation system that accommodatesmobility choices (pedestrians,automobiles, bicycles andtransit); and

B. Support public transportation.

Principle #5: Connect thecommunities to and around theriver

The Reedy river master plan proposes improved access between the public, semi-public and residential land uses and the river. Proposed design solutions should:

A. Improve the selected public roadsto accommodate pedestrian andbicycle circulation; and

B. Utilize easements and openspaces to facilitate the connectionto the river with a new trailsystem.

Principle #6: Preserve environmentally sensitive areas

The Reedy river master plan suggests sustainable physical and naturalenvironments to preserve the biologicalintegrity of the landscape.

Proposed design solutions should at least:

A. Minimize disturbance of thewatercourse, the surroundingvegetation, as well as the local drainage patterns that feed the watercourse;

B. Encourage the preservation and restoration of natural wetlands;and

C. Preserve wildlife ecosystems.




50

Site Designs

Conceptual site design proposals were developed for three selected sites within the Reedy River Project area.

MAYBERRY PARK SITE DESIGN

Site Description

The Mayberry Park site (see Figure20), bisected by the Reedy River, is located in close proximity to downtown and main street activities and predominantly surrounded by residential areas. Currently the site consists of extensive flood plain, sensitive wetlands, some forested areas, and open fields. Current uses in at the location include active and abandoned warehouses,City’s maintenance facilities, and recreation areas. See Figure 21 for aconceptual site plan of this area with an overlay of the floodplain.

Design Program

The design program was developed based on site conditions and communityneeds. Primary components include:

• Public parks - Sport fields - Passive recreation areas - Picnic areas - Nature trails

• Community Center • Farmers Market • Public transportation

- Tram stop - Tram station

• Mixed Income Residential - Single and multi-family

• Commercial

- Retail - Offices - Restaurants

• Visitor center

Design Concept

The program elements are distributed based on the physical characteristics of the site and its surroundingneighborhoods. The flood plain is used for functions such as open spaces, parks and recreation areas with light structures as the farmer’s market, picnic shelters concession stands.

Organization of the site enhances the linkages to surrounding uses, for example: Tram station at the sport fields

area; Terminal location within five

minutes walking distance from the Peace Center, downtownMain Street, the historic falls,office and commercial activities;

Sidewalks, bike trails/lanes, plazas and contiguous pedestrianspaces;

Parking structures

All buildings interact with the street edges, pedestrian spaces and social places. Spatial organizations of the buildings include: Enhancing the pedestrian

experience and encouragingwalking;

Providing defensible spaces; Responding to the existing urban

elements and spaces; and Creating a sense of identity.

The density gradually transitions between predominantly residential and commercial areas with a distribution of




51

mixed retail, commercial and office functions. The Master Plan: Introduces two and three story

town houses; Encourages street level retail

activities with upper floorresidential and office use; and

Integrates the efficiency of multi-level parking into office andretail structures.

The circulation system supportsalternative transportation modes for optimal access to and enjoyment of the park and surrounding communities. The Plan: Integrates the Reedy River Trail

with a network of walking and biking trails; and

Facilitates access to the tram and bus stops.

Improvements are sensitive to the natural environment. The Plan: Preserves existing natural

wetlands; Responds to the floodplain

boundaries; and Stabilizes riverbanks with native

vegetation; and Provides wildlife habitat.




52

Figure 20: Mayberry Park Site Design




53

Figure 21: Mayberry Park Site Design with the Floodplains




54

LAKE CONESTEE AREA SITEDESIGN

Site Description

Six miles from Greenville, down the Reedy River, is the mill village of Conestee. Vardry McBee constructed the millpond, the mill, and the village to house its workers in the 1830’s. An important and ironic theme to the storyof this village, and its millpond, is that ‘Conestee’ means ‘Land of Beautiful Waters’ in Cherokee.

During the 1940’s and 50’s, the construction of Greenville Army Air Base (Donaldson), and I-85 contributed enormous volumes of sediment to LakeConestee. Likewise, the post-WWIIsuburban development contributed manythousands of tons of silt to LakeConestee. The lake, once 145 acres, with two named islands, is now over 95 percent silted in fewer than 18 acres is covered with water no more than waist-deep.

Aerial photographs from the 1940’s, and since, show that as the Reedy’ssediments progressively filled the lake, wetlands have evolved and bottomland forests have colonized quickly in the silt deposits. Along with sediments from upstream, the residues from the 65 square miles of the Reedy’s watershedupstream, and from the last hundred years of Greenville’s industrial and population growth have been deposited in the lake. Metals from textile dyeingand electroplating operations, PCBs, hydrocarbon derivatives from our automobile society, pesticides from former agricultural operations and from our manicured lawns, and much wastewater sludge from many years of

minimal waste treatment upstream can be found in the sediments of LakeConestee. An abundance of trash from upstream landed in Lake Conestee, and with every new flooding event, tons more are deposited from Greenville’srunoff.

The Lake Conestee Foundation is a non-profit organization of concerned citizenswho sought an answer to the demise of the Lake and, similarly, the mill town that surrounds it. In September of 2000, after several years of planning,negotiations, and many meetings, the Conestee Foundation acquired the lake and dam, using monies from South Carolina’s Colonial Pipeline Settlement.Their goal is to improve the environmental state of the Lake Conestee area while creating a recreational and educational center forthe community.

The Lake Conestee site (see Figure 22), predominately composed of fragilewetland areas and floodplain and former landfill, includes the Greenville Braves stadium, residential areas, the Conestee Mill and Conestee Foundationproperties. See Figure 23 for a conceptual site plan of this area with an overlay of the floodplain.

Design Program The design program was developedbased on site conditions and communityneeds. Primary components include:

Public and private parks with: Sport fields and sport complex Passive recreation areas Picnic areas Nature trails Wildlife observation areas




55

Environmental education center Textile museum Visitor center Office parks

- Offices - Restaurants

Design Concept

The program elements are arranged tocomplement natural site conditions,including topography, floodplain,vegetation, and surrounding land uses. The Plan: Provides public access to the

natural resource of LakeConestee;

Locates new developments of office parks in appropriatebuildable areas, clusteringbuildings around open spacewhich relates to the surroundingnatural environment; and

Organizes spaces in visualrelation to existing landmarks, such as Conestee Mill.

Pedestrian circulation, throughsidewalks, boardwalks and nature trails, provides opportunities for experienceswithin the natural environment. The Plan: Provides trails along the

floodplain perimeter to providedirect interaction with a unique environmental setting; and

Enables emergency access to pedestrian trails.

Proposed land uses increase diversityand opportunity within the area. The Master Plan: Introduces new office parks and

a sports complex as economicopportunities;

Proposes additional sports facilities, integrated with theexisting stadium;

Locates an environmenteducation annex in close proximity to neighborhoods; and

Proposes adaptive reuse of the existing mill as a visitor center,museum, retail area and environmental education center.

The Reedy River Trail system connectsLake Conestee to the greater Greenvillecommunity. The Plan: Utilizes existing easements and

public properties for access to and around the river and wetlandareas; and

Utilizes public roads for bicyclelanes and sidewalks.




56

Figure 22: Lake Conestee Area Site Design




57

Figure 23: Lake Conestee Area Site Design with Floodplains




58

#3-THE NORTH GREENVILLE YMCA

Site Description

The North Greenville YMCA site, located near the headwaters of the ReedyRiver in Travelers Rest, is in a primarilyrural setting. Adjacent land uses include golf courses, low-density residential communities, open fields and wooded areas. Figure 24 depicts the site designand Figure 25 shows a conceptual site plan of this area with an overlay of the floodplain. .Design Program

The design program was developed based on site conditions and communityneeds. Primary components include: •YMCA facilities

Sport fields Passive recreation areas Picnic areas Nature trails Amphitheater Children’s playground

Design Concept

The North Greenville YMCA is designated as the origin of the ReedyRiver Trail. The site is designed to reflect the connection to the larger trail system, utilizing the site’s open spaces, play fields, picnic areas and parking lots.From here, linkages can be made to other parks, downtown Travelers Rest and neighborhoods, and recreationalfacilities along both public access waysand the river way.




59

Figure 24: N. Greenville YMCA Site Design




60

Figure 25: N. Greenville YMCA Site Design with Floodplains




61

STEP FIVE: IMPLEMENTATION

The Reedy River Master Plan is a long-term plan that will take several decades to implement. It is important for land use trends to be considered and predicted while implementing the plan.

The scope of the plan can be divided into four sections that need to be addressed for implementation: Land Use and Zoning; Land Acquisition; Environmental Issues; and Phasing of Implementation.

Land Use and Zoning

Reasons why land use regulations might be created within the study area of the ReedyRiver Master plan include water qualityenhancement/ conservation and economic development. As mentioned earlier, the study area is diverse in character and landuses. It is not pragmatic to develop one simple type of land use regulation for the entire study area. Rather, it is advisable to place overlay districts in specific areas ofthe study area that would benefit either environmentally or economically from such a regulation.

Future Land Use Both the City and County of Greenville are in the process of reviewing and/or revisingtheir land development regulations. A first step would be to bring zoning classifications in line with the above recommendations.Another step is to create overlay districts

around the Reedy River to recognize and enhance its specific character. In particular, overlay districts would be helpful in promoting water quality, reducing flooding,stabilizing the banks of the river, andproviding a foundation for recreation areas, trails and other developments.

Overlay District Zoning Overlay districts are zoning regulations that are placed on specified areas within a zoningdistrict, providing additional restrictions on the specific area. Overlay districts are useful because they can be tailored to provide the desired enhancement or protection that the area needs. The existing zoning district provisions may properly regulate the relevant district, in general, but more specific and targeted provisions contained in an overlay district are defined to accomplish pressing land use objectives. For example,the areas of the Reedy River that contain wetlands may have an overlay district that would prohibit development more strictlythan the immediate surrounding zoned area of which it belongs. In this way, thesurrounding area can maintain the development standards that are consideredappropriate for the area, while the environmentally sensitive area may be protected. Overlay districts may be designed forvarious types of regulatory needs:Watershed Management, Flood Hazard, Historic Preservation, Economic Development, View shed preservation, and Riparian Buffer Zones.

Although all of the aforementioned overlaydistricts may be useful throughout certainsections of the Reedy River Corridor, the




62

plan specifically recommends the followingtypes of overlay districts:

Watershed Management and Protection Area Overlay (WMP): are intended to ensure the protection of watersheds surroundingcurrent or potential public water supplyreservoirs. The establishment of these regulations is intended to prevent the causes of degradation of the water supply reservoiras a result of the operation or the accidental malfunctioning of the use of land or its appurtenances within the drainage area of such water sources. This type of overlaydistrict usually establishes regulations on a certain width buffer strip to be maintained along the edge of any tributary stream or reservoir.

In the case of the Reedy River, the WMP overlay district should follow the river and generally extend 200 feet on each side. This width would vary according to local conditions: depending on the floodway and floodplain. Also, a WMP Overlay should be considered for the Reedy’s tributaries. Amore detailed study should be conducted in order to determine an accurate WMP.

Flood Hazard Districts (FH): are intended to protect the citizenry from injury or damage caused by seasonal or periodic flooding and to prevent pollution of the water body (i.e. the Reedy and its tributaries). The district is further intended to establish floodplain management criteriain flood prone areas. The FH district is further intended to regulate land use in portions of zoning districts, which are subject to flooding. This type of overlaydistrict usually establishes regulations within the floodplain areas.

Economic Development Districts (ED): canbe placed around the sites recommended for

development. The ED overlay district can define more explicit design guidelines and can impose more requirements for types of desired commercial use of the sites. This overlay district would typically be placed onthe city blocks that are targeted for redevelopment.

Overlay District Opportunities: Flexibility is the most important feature of an overlaydistrict’s creation. A balance of creating the regulations that are needed without inhibiting future growth and progress is what is desired; and difficult to achieve. Inthe case of this Master Plan, overlay districts could include a flexible zoning classification that would encourage innovative land planning and site design around the river, including mixed use, clustered developmentand open space as appropriate. Sites would be reviewed on a case-by-case basis for coherence. A design overlay district with setbacks, building heights and other features could also be considered. It is advised that an experienced consultant be used to develop the specifics of each overlay district to ensure the task be done correctly.

Land Use and Zoning Recommendations

General land use recommendations bySector: 1: Preserve rural, residentialcharacter and promote connections to Travelers Rest 2: Improve residential character &promote mixed-use in mills 3A: Improve and maintain parks, promote mixed use with residential components 3B: Maintain residential character




63

4: Develop recreation complex around Lake Conestee & create linkages to town.

The City and County need to recognizeland use patterns around the river and identify the areas that require new zoning orrezoning. These areas include MayberryPark, the Lake Conestee area, the “TextileCrescent” and the Travelers Rest Business District.

Recommendations for Overlay Zones for the study area include:

Mayberry Park: This recreational site would be an excellent candidate for an overlay district for a couple of reasons: it encompasses a large area of wetlands, and it has a proposed amount of mixed use development that could spur economic benefits in the surrounding neighborhoods.If done correctly, the guidelines of the overlay can help implement both environmental conservation and economic development.

The Old TR High School and MillRedevelopments: As reuse projects, thesesites could benefit from overlay districts inorder to allow a mixed use in the sites morespeedily and with a more clearly definedplan of the methods that will be used for theredevelopment.

Lake Conestee: Like Mayberry Park, theLake Conestee area could benefit from an overlay district that contains guidelines for environmental conservation, recreational purposes, and real estate development of office space.

Strategies to Acquire Land

There are a variety of strategies that should be considered to obtain land for future trails, etc. These strategies fall into two main categories:

Landowner Benefactor Procedures Land Purchasing Procedures

Landowner BenefactorProcedures

Land donation can benefit landowners in a variety of ways: tax benefits, income taxdeductions, and improved quality of life within their neighborhoods.

The process of putting together traileasements requires the following:

A current listing of all propertyowners involved;

The ability to negotiate withlandowners on an individual basis;

Legal assistance; A land trust organization; and The ability to cover costs of surveys,

appraisals, legal fees and other costsassociated with the donation (this isnot a necessary action, but rather anadditional incentive).

Donations will usually fall under two types:

Trail Easements and Land Dedications

Trail Easements Trail easements enable the acquisition of use of land for trail purposes without obtaining




64

full ownership of the property. A trail easement is a legally binding agreementbetween a landowner and a private landowner, organization or a public agency.In so doing, the landowner grants rights of public access within the trail area for aspecified period of time or permanently.This period-specific or permanent easement is attached to the title of the land, remainingin force when the property is sold or passed on to future generations of landowners.

The agency or organization that accepts the easement is responsible for monitoring the land (on an annual basis) to ensure the terms of the easement are met. In exchange, local, state and federal governments can provide income and/or other tax incentives.

Land Dedications Landowners and developers may dedicate corridors for trail use. This is typically donewhen property is being subdivided and developed. Dedications involve setting aside the necessary amount of land for trail corridors and conveying the land to the to a government agency or a non-profit land trust organization.

A government agency can require developers to dedicate specified percentageof land as an impact fee. Land may also be dedicated in exchange for incentives to the developer such as exceptions from zoningordinance requirements or an increase in development density.

Land Purchasing Procedures

There are several typical means topurchase land for trails:

Fee-simple Purchase The most expensive means of purchasingland, a fee simple purchase buys the full titleto a property and all rights associated withit.

Bargain Sale A bargain sale is a voluntary sale of the landby the landowner at a below-market valuefor trail development purposes. The benefit of this type of sale is that alandowner may take charitable deductionsfrom federal and state income taxes.

Right of First Refusal This type of purchase enables the agency tomatch a purchase offer received by thelandowner at a future time. This can bedisadvantageous due to potentially higherfuture costs of land.

Lease Purchase This method secures land through a five-, ten- or twenty-year lease, with conveyanceof ownership at the end of the lease term. Itis also possible to pass the land on as a donation at the end of the lease period. This enables the landowner to benefit from real estate income and, ultimately, charitabledonation tax advantages.

Land Acquisition Recommendations

The following are recommendations for theland acquisition process:

1. Compile a list of all landowners along the Reedy and the trailnetwork within the study area. 2. Attempt to meet with as many aspossible on an individual basis.




65

3. Investigate all possibilities of trail easement and land donations.4. Purchase land that lies within the floodway and improve buffers zones as funding and other appropriationsarise.

Environmental Issues Recommendations

The following are recommendations for implementation designed to improve the water quality of the area:

1. Implement the recommendations of the Reedy River Task Force and DNR study.

2. Carefully consider andimplement as appropriate the future recommendations of current studies; such as the NPDES (the EPA’sNational Pollutant DischargeElimination System) and futurestudies that pertain the Reedy River environment.

3. Promote the agenda of the City of Greenville’s BrownfieldsStudy.

4. Create a greenway with trailnetwork throughout the 16-milestudy area.

5. Restore and create new riparian buffers.

6. Conduct a scientificallybased environmental study on the soils of the floodplain to determine more exactly the floodwaydimensions and appropriaterequirements for development in the study area.

7. Create a river corridor-wide environmental overlay district that

protects a wider developmentrestriction zone than the establishedfloodplain standards.

8. Purchase buildings that arewithin the floodway and demolishthem to ensure the integrity of the river.

9. Continue and expandvolunteer river corridor clean up program to remove and maintain the tidiness of the river corridor.

10. Develop the proposedEducational Center in the LakeConestee area to promote ecologicalawareness and responsibility.




66

Implementation Phasing Recommendations

The Reedy River Master Plan is the result of a twelve-month process coordinated byClemson University's Center for CommunityGrowth & Change. The project emphasized public input and participation in which Clemson served as the facilitator among the public, city and county officials, and other Reedy River stakeholders in an effort to develop a master plan that can serve as a framework for development along thesixteen-mile Reedy River Corridor. As a result, an overarching concept has been created, which has generatedfundamental public support and involved both City and County officials.

While providing a general framework fordevelopment, the master plan also proposes a variety of specific projects, which would be most effectively pursued through coordinated actions by the city, the county,and the private sector. Efforts are proposedin the following areas:

Pathway and park development; Economic development; Using the publicly-owned railroad

corridor for a tram and trail; Promoting water quality; and Continuing public

relations/communication about the corridor.

The Table 3 depicts the progression of the implementation phasing that should occur

within the next decades. Map 16 accompanies the table to show where theimplementation activity will occur. The “Map #” column of the table is identical to the code number on the map.

Implementing the master plan is a long-term process. This process will require: Commitment to and a focus on the

corridor Significant funding from a variety of

sources Close cooperation among city and

county leaders, as well as members of the private sector.

Broad-based public support will also be a critical component for the successful implementation of the Reedy River Master Plan.

In short, significant progress has been madein the past year, as Greenville is moving to a shared vision based on community support and a period of City/County conversationsabout the Reedy area. The master plan summarizes this vision and identifies areas for long-term action as well as specific projects that are the starting point for action.

The city and the county should now consider the next steps in the planning process:

Refine and develop greatercommitment to the master plan

Complete detailed plans for specificprojects

Address the overall management and implementation of the plan.




67

Table 3: Implementation Phasing

Conservation Easement Process (A)

Map # (1)

Short-term

1 – 5 yrs.(2)

Mid-term5- 10 yrs. (3)

Long-term 10+ yrs.

A.1 Identifyorganization,process, goals, standards

Thru Out

A.2 Obtaineasements

Thru Out

Trail Network Development (B)

Build Pathways (B1) Map

# (1) Short-

term 1 – 5 yrs.

(2) Medium-term

5 – 10 yrs.

(3) Long-term 10+ yrs.

B1.1 McElhaneyRoad

B1.1 (1)

B1.2 Berea Middle School Loop

B1.2(1)

B1.3 Westside Parkto River

B1.3(1)

B1.4 Linky StonePark to Cleveland Park (esp. path between Historic Falls Park and Cleveland Park)

B1.4(1)

B1.5 ClevelandPark to Greenville Tech.

B1.5(2)

B1.6 City landfill to Conestee Mill

B1.6(2)

B1.7 City soccerfield to ReedyRiver

B1.7(1)




68

B1.8 Other on-street paths:Complete roadimprovements as areas areidentified

ThruOut

B1.9 Other off-street paths: B1.10 Complete as easements are obtained.

Site Improvements (C)

Historic Falls Park (C1)

Map # (1)

Short-term

1 – 5 yrs.(2)

Medium-term

5 – 10 yrs.(3) Long-term

10 yrs +C1.1 RemoveCamperdownBridge

C1.1 (1)

C1.2 Construct ParkImprovements

C1.2 (1)

Conestee Activities and City Landfill Site (C2)

Map # (1) Short-term

1 – 5 yrs.(2)

Medium-term 5 – 10

yrs.(3) Long-term

10+ yrs.C2.1 Kayak Put-In at I-85

C2.1 (1)

C2.2 Stadiumrenovation

C2.3 (1)

C2.3 Indoor sports facility

C2.4 (1-2)

(Concept design / development)

(Construction)

C2.4 ProjectPlanning

C2.5 (1-2)

C2.5 Fieldconstruction

C2.6 (2)




69

Table 3: Implementation Phasing Mayberry Park (C3)

Map #

(1)Short-term

1 – 5 yrs.(2)

Medium-term

5 – 10 yrs.(3)

Long-term 10+ yrs.

C3.1 Corps of Engineers Study

C3.1 (1)

Public Lands (C4) C4.1 Development

planning Thru Out

City Services C4.2 Planning Thru

Out

C4.3 Relocation Thru Out

C4.4 Existing park improvements

Thru Out

C4.5 Propertyacquisition and development

Thru Out

Infrastructure Improvements (C5) Map

# (1)Short-term

1 – 5 yrs.(2) Medium-term


10+ yrs.

C5.1 Streets Thru Out

C5.2 Streetscapes Thru Out

C5.3 Water Thru Out

C5.4 Sewer Thru Out

C5.5 Parks Thru Out

Railroad Lines (C6) Map

# (3)Short-term

1 – 5 yrs.(3)

Medium-term


10+ yrs.C6.1 Private line (CSX spur)

C6.1 (1-3)

(Planning / purchase) (Removal) (Park development)




70

Table 3: Implementation Phasing C6.2 GreenvilleCounty line

C6.2 (1-3)

(Planning) (Removal) (Park / tram dev.)

Private Sites (C7) Map

# (3) Short-term 1 – 5 yrs.

(3)Medium-

term 5 – 10 yrs.

(3) Long-term 10+ yrs.

C7.1 Private land development

Thru Out




71

#

C3.1(1)

#

C2.5(2)

#

B1.6(2)

#

B1.7(1)

#

C1.1(1)

#

C2.1(1)

#

C1.2(1)

#

C6.1(1-3)

#

C6.2(1-3)

#

B1.1(1)

#

B1.2(1)

#

B1.3(1)

#

B1.6(2)

#

B1.5(1)

1:800005000 0 5000 10000 Feet






Imp

lem

en

tati

on

Ph

asin

gR

eed

y R

ive

r C

orr

ido

r

Trail Easement AvailabilityImmediately AvailableReadily Available

Long-range GoalsPublic RoadsReedy RiverPublic or Semi-public Properties

SEFORR

LCF

Sewer EasementFriends of the Reedy RiverLake Conestee Foundation

Investigate Opportunities

Map 16: Implementation Phasing




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Public / Private Partnerships

If we look elsewhere, we find that manyother riverfront communities have created public-private or public-public partnerships in the form of development corporations to assume the long-termfunctions associated with implementinga riverfront master plan. The River CityCompany in Chattanooga, TN, the Richmond Riverfront Corporation in Richmond, VA, the Riverfront Development Corporation in Memphis, TN, Mecklenburg County’s StormwaterPlan in the Charlotte, NC area, and the Louisville Waterfront Development Corporation in Louisville, KY are examples of carefully definedpartnerships between the public and private sectors to assume the role of master plan implementation. These communities recognized the need to establish formal relationships to solidifylong-term commitments to their projects, obtain necessary funding, and institute the appropriate legal relationships among entities.

A variety of factors must be in place before a community can considercreating a separate managing entity.These prerequisites include widespread commitment to the master plan, a clear funding plan, agreement and trust amongthe relevant public entities (and other parties in any active partnership) and specific plans for corridor improvements.

Applying the Case Studies to Greenville

Greenville is just beginning to explorethe specifics of the master plan, and the City and the County are in the formative stages of building and improving their relationship. This process should continue and specifics of the plan be more thoroughly developed. At this point in the overall process, a separate managing entity is not appropriate to oversee the implementation of the ReedyRiver Master Plan. Redevelopment of the Reedy River Corridor projected in the master plan, will require a long-term, coherent effortin terms of maintaining public support, focusing on site-specific projects, and developing and funding projects as noted in the plan.

However, the master plan identified a number of functions that may be pursued independently, while others will require greater cooperation. Economicdevelopment projects, water qualityissues, park development, and components of the pathways system maybe undertaken by a variety of separateentities. Specifically, both the City andthe County will need to apply for afederal storm water permit to better address water quality issues. In addition, portions of the pathways system can be implemented independently, but creatingthe entire system will require a coordinated effort between City and county governments as well as private sector stakeholders. Raising awarenessand generating public support will also entail cooperation by all parties.




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Next Steps for Greenville

Over the next year Greenville should undertake a number of actions toward improving the Reedy River Corridor using the Master Plan. Some of these actions would be taken independently bycity and county entities. Others will require cooperative initiatives.

Recommendations

1. Independent actions would focus on the specific projects identified by City,County and private entities consistent with the plan for park and pathwayimprovements (as noted in Table 3): Sector 1: Pathways at McElhaney Road &

YMCA construction Sectors 1 & 2 Work with the Greenville County

Economic Development Corporation (GCEDC) on the former Greenville and Northern rail corridor to clarify and rectifythe legal issues that are involved with reusing the Northern rail corridor.

Sector 3A: Removal of Camperdown Bridge

and Historic Falls Improvements Sector 4: Improvements near Lake

Conestee

2. Cooperative corridor-wide tasksshould be continued. These tasks include: Improving relationships and

understanding amongstakeholders;

Refining the master plan Developing trail easements and

pathways; and Maintaining a developing public

support for the corridor plan.

3. In order for the master plan to be implemented, it is proposed that the existing Reedy River SteeringCommittee continue to meet. This group will be responsible for raising awarenessof the plan, generating public support, and education. They would also oversee further refinement of the master plan.Working on these and related issues would also enable working relationships among the various entities to continue to develop.

4. The Steering Committee will need to be an advocate for trail development,while understanding the realities of including outside resources for expertise.Creating an informal task force of Steering Committee members, City and County Recreation staff and members of the community (including Upstate Forever, Friends of the Reedy and others) would be a productive means of understanding and working toward trail development. Other task forces may alsobe useful.

5. The Steering Committee will require staff assistance to support their efforts.While both county and city staff wouldbe involved in the process, a neutral professional resource would be most effective in this role.



Documents

The Reedy River Master Plan - Hoosic River Revival · 2016-09-26 · The Reedy River Master Plan Presented by The Center for Community Growth and Change Clemson University ... Sam