The

Ra

cing

Rul

es o

f S

ailin

g2

013

− 2

016

2

3

4

Strategy Tactics Techniques

25% Racing Rules

75% Pattern Recognition

6

Two Basic RRS Principles

More ManuverableBoat

KeepClearshall

LessManuverableBoat

GiveRoomshall

R-O-W

KEEP CLEAR

7Windward/Leeward

11

8Overtaking/Overtaken

12

9Viking boat design 410AD

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10Starboard Tack Port Tack

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11

10 1211

13

KEEP CLEAR LIMITATIONS

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23

24

22-Shall Restarting Doing penalty Sailing backwards

23-If possible Capsized Anchored Aground

24-If reasonably possible Boat not racing Doing a penalty Another leg

Keep Clear Give Room

give mark-roomDef:Overlapped

18.2(e)

18.2(d)

18.2(b)

18.4

18.2(c)

21

“We are / are not overlapped!”“Wait until the zone.”

I do / do not have room to give mark-room.I did everything possible to give room

“I am / You are at the zone,“Mark Room / No Mark Room”“I doubt it / No doubt”

Outside / clear astern gives mark-room

(Forever–unless outside tacks or leaves the zone)

Taking mark room you deserve means not having to say “you’re sorry” for breaking 10, 11, 12, 13, 15, or 16.

Inside r-o-w must gybe if that’s her proper course.

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16

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15

19

18

20

21“You’re Excused”

Exoneration

14

RULE REALITIES

The John McCain Answer

Born 1936 – In January 2009, at 61, he would have been the oldest person take the presidential oath of office for the first time.

#1

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16

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18

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20

KEEP CLEAR GIVE ROOM

FACTS• J/24s• Wind - 5 kts• Missed by 1 meter• BLUE protested – then went on to start the race

Rule 10 Rule 16

21

KEEP CLEAR GIVE ROOM

FACTS• J/24s• Wind - 5 kts• Missed by 1 meter

Rule 10 Rule 16

2

22

KEEP CLEAR GIVE ROOM

FACTS• J/24s• Wind - 25 kts• Missed by 1 meter• BLUE yelled “Protest” – then lost control. The boat• gybed, went head to wind and into irons.

Rule 10 Rule 16

23

Rule 10: “… shall keep clear …”

Def: Keep Clear - “… if the R-O-W boat can sail her course with no need to take avoiding action…”

Rule 16: “… shall give room to keep clear …”

Def: Room – “… space needed in existing conditions … to keep clear … while manoeuvring promptly in a seamanlike way.”

KEEP CLEAR GIVE ROOM

Rule 10Rule 16

Facts:

Conclusions:

Decision:

J/24, 5kts, 1m, started J/24, 25kts, 1m, uncontrolled gybe

Kept clear & Gave Room

DISALLOWED

BLUE did not keep clear & YELLOW did not give room

DSQ

BLUE – Port Tack YELLOW – Stbd Tack

#1 #2

YELLOWBLUE Exonerated

When, as a consequence of breaking a rule a boat has compelled another boat to break a rule, the other boat shall be exonerated. Rule 64.1(b)

24

Third & Fourth Scenarios

Deer In The Headlights Verba Non Acta

BLUE DSQ

#3 #4

BLUE DSQ

25

INTERMISSION

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PRE-START2

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18

KEEP CLEAR GIVE ROOM

Can I go in there?

It Depends

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Rule 18 MARK-ROOM

Preamble – “… does not apply at a starting mark surrounded by navigable water or at its anchor line, from the time boats are approaching them to start until they have passed them.”

It Depends

18

KEEP CLEAR GIVE ROOM

1st It Depends – Are you approaching the starting line to start?

2nd It Depends – When BLUE sticks her bow in, is there room for her to pass through?

29

2nd It Depends – When BLUE sticks her bow in, is there room for her to pass through?

You be the judge

We think no.

Can BLUE pass through?

30

2nd It Depends – When BLUE sticks her bow in, is there room for her to pass through?

You be the judge

We think no.

Can BLUE pass through?

31

2nd It Depends – When BLUE sticks her bow in, is there room for her to pass through?

You be the judge

We think yes.

Can BLUE pass through?

32

2nd It Depends – When BLUE sticks her bow in, is there room for her to pass through?

You be the judge

We think yes.

Can BLUE pass through?

33

WINDWARD1

The classic Port - Starboard

34

KEEP CLEAR GIVE ROOM

35

At the protest hearingYELLOW says …

36

At the protest hearingBLUE says …

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KEEP CLEAR GIVE ROOM

10 16

YELLOW says …

BLUE says …

You probably know the answer.

The “why” may surprise you.

Who is most likely to sway the protest committee?

Who has the onus? Preponderance of the evidence (or the balance of probabilities). Hear all the evidence. -- Weigh the evidence. -- Whichever has more weight – 49% / 51% In this case starboard is usually in a better position to see the situation develop and determine whether she needs to change course to avoid a collision, so her evidence is given more weight.

38

WINDWARD2

The tactics of a duck

39

KEEP CLEAR GIVE ROOM

Let’s duck YELLOW

and go right.

Let’s slam dunk BLUE and also go

right.

10 16

40

KEEP CLEAR GIVE ROOM

10 16

41

Slam DunkKEEP CLEAR GIVE ROOM

10 1613

422009Shaquille O’NealKobi BryantTrevor Ariza (a-RYE-za)

Slam Dunk

43

Slam Dunk

Tactics to defeat a Slam Dunk

KEEP CLEAR GIVE ROOM

10 16

44

Slam Dunk

Slam DunkKEEP CLEAR GIVE ROOM

10 16

Don’t aim behindAim at the helmsman

Tactics to defeat a Slam Dunk

45

KEEP CLEAR GIVE ROOM

10 16

Don’t aim behindAim at the helmsman

Tactics to defeat a Slam Dunk

46

KEEP CLEAR GIVE ROOM

10 16

Don’t aim behindAim at the helmsman

47

WINDWARD3

Piggy In The Middle

48

KEEP CLEAR GIVE ROOM

20 Hailing for room to tack.

Rule 20 – “When approaching an obstruction, a boat may hail for room to tack and avoid a boat on the same tack. …”

RED, Give me room to tack

please.

(a) Be required to make a substantial alteration of course to miss the obstruction

(b) Be sailing a close hauled course(c) The obstruction is not a mark.(d) Hail (what?)(e) Give the hailed boat time to respond(f) After hailed boat responds, must tack ASAP

BLUE, Please keep

clear.

BLUE must:

Okay. Here I go.

What happens if BLUE does not really need to tack? RED must respond (and protest).

49

RED is now at a big disadvantage. She is the leeward boat on pinned stbd tack.

Does she have a better response?

50

RED, Give me room to tack

please.

BLUE, Please keep clear.

Okay,YOU TACK

What?

‘YOU TACK’

Rule 20.2(c) “The hailed boat shall … tack ASAP,

(Response Option #2)

by immediately replying ‘You tack’ … .”

or

51

WINDWARDMARK

Tacking near the mark

52

You be the judge• BLUE is approaching the stbd tack

lay line ahead of YELLOW

53

You be the judge• BLUE is approaching the stbd tack

lay line ahead of YELLOW• BLUE tacks

54

You be the judge• BLUE is approaching the stbd tack

lay line ahead of YELLOW

• When BLUE falls off to a close hauled course YELLOW is 1/4 boat length behind

• BLUE tacks

55

You be the judge• BLUE is approaching the stbd tack

lay line ahead of YELLOW

• When BLUE falls off to a close hauled course YELLOW is 1/4 boat length behind• YELLOW is going faster and

overtakes BLUE and luffs above close hauled to avoid her and protests.

• BLUE tacks

56

57

KEEP CLEAR GIVE ROOM

18.3

13 1512

You be the judge• BLUE is approaching the stbd tack

lay line ahead of YELLOW

• When BLUE falls off to a close hauled course YELLOW is 1/4 boat length behind• YELLOW is going faster and

overtakes BLUE and luffs above close hauled to avoid her and protests.

• BLUE tacks

Rule 18.3 Tacking in the Zone “If a boat in the zone passes head to wind …”

58

You be the judgeYou be the judge• BLUE is approaching the stbd tack

lay line ahead of YELLOW

• When BLUE falls off to a close hauled course YELLOW is 1/4 boat length behind• YELLOW is going faster and

overtakes BLUE and luffs above close hauled to avoid her and protests.

Rule 18.3 Tacking in the Zone “If a boat in the zone passes head-to-wind …”

KEEP CLEAR GIVE ROOM

18.3

13 1512

• BLUE tacks

59

DOWNWIND

60

KEEP CLEAR GIVE ROOM

10 11

20X Not on a closehauled course

(a) Be required to make a substantial alteration of course to miss the obstruction

(b) Be sailing a close hauled course(c) The obstruction is not a mark.(d) Hail (what?)(e) Give the hailed boat time to respond(f) After hailed boat responses, tack ASAP

BLUE must:

(a) Be required to make a substantial alteration of course to miss the obstruction

(b) Be sailing a close hauled course(c) The obstruction is not a mark.(d) Hail (what?)(e) Give the hailed boat time to respond(f) After hailed boat responses, tack ASAP

61

KEEP CLEAR GIVE ROOM

10 15

20X Not on a closehauled course

62

63

Dangerous stuff we didn’t talk about

• Rule 14 – Sailing is not ice hockey• Rule 15 – Acquiring Right Of Way• Rule 17 – Luffing and Proper Course• Rule 18 – More Mark roundings

64

Thank You’s

65

Detroit Regional Yacht-Racing Association2 April (Wed) – Port Huron Yacht Club

• The Excitement of Match Racing• Kent Colpaert

Website & Facebook

66

Detroit Regional Yacht-Racing Association

North Cape Yacht Club

The End

2 April (Wed) – Port Huron Yacht Club• The Excitement of Match Racing

Website & Facebook

67

68

PAOW

Sailing Rules For Poets– Port

– Astern

– Outside

– Windward

Keep Clear Boats

Potawatomi Indian word meaning vegetarian. Although the literal translation is “bad hunter”.

69

SAIL

Sailing Rules For Poets– Starboard

– Ahead

– Inside

– Leeward

R-O-W Boat

70The End

71

PRE-START3

What about the port end?

72

KEEP CLEAR GIVE ROOM

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KEEP CLEAR GIVE ROOM

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18

KEEP CLEAR GIVE ROOM

Rule 11

Rule 16