The Population of India

8/2/2019 The Population of India

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POPULATION DENSITY

The relationship betweenPopulation and Land area


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DENSITYOF POPULATION

Density of Population or Population Density isthe average no. of persons living per square kmor square mile .

It is frequently applied to living organisms, andparticularly to humans.


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Calculation - Total Population / Total Area


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Western Europe and Asia are denselypopulated

North America, South America andAfrica have a low population density


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- Why are people distributed unevenly across theEarths surface ?

Physical Factors

HumanFactors

Climate

Vegetation

Soil

ReliefNaturalRoutes

WaterSupply

NaturalResources

Political

Economic

Social


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POPULATIONIN 2050

The projected population of the world

in 2050 is 9,075,903,000.

The projected population density is

67 people per square kilometer.


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POPULATIONIN THEORY

2011 2050


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POPULATIONIN REALITY

Urban areas are more dense than rural areas, andsome countries are more dense than others.

2011 2050


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DENSITYOF POPULATIONIN INDIA

Year Densityper Sq. km

Year Densityper Sq.km

1901 77 1961 142

1921 81 1971 177

1931 90 1981 216

1941 103 1991 278

1951 117 2001 324


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Poverty in India


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What is Poverty to theWest and India ?


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POVERTY

Poverty is the state of one who lacks acertain amount of material possessions ormoney .

Absolute poverty or destitution refers tobeing unable to afford basic human needs .

Relative poverty being below somerelative poverty threshold .


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EXTENTOFPOVERTY

Lord Boyd orr - FAO 1945

Indian Planning Commission -Poverty Line

Extent of Poverty

Dandekar and RathP.K Bardhan

B.S Minhas

Planning Commission


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Trends in Poverty (%): India

Year Rural Urban Total

1973-74 56 49 55

1983 46 41 45

1993-94 37 32 36

2004-05 28 26 28


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MIXED RECALL PERIOD (MRP) METHOD

Consumer expenditure data for fivenon-food items - footwear, durablegoods, education, clothing and

institutional medical expenses

is collected from a 365 day recallperiod. The consumption data forother items is collected for a 30-day

recall period.


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However, the number of poorpeople living under $1.25 a day

has increased from 421 million in1981 to 456 million in 2005.

This indicates that there are alarge number of people living

just above this line ofdeprivation and their numbersare not falling.


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UNIFORM RECALL PERIOD (URP) METHOD

Consumers are asked to recall theirexpenditure for all items over a 30-dayperiod.

URP data shows decline from 37.3%(1993-1994) to 27.3% (2004-2005).

MRP data shows decline from 26.1%(1999-2000) to 21.8% (2004-2005).


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Causes of Poverty

High growth rate of Population

Inequality of income

Low per capita IncomeBackwardness of the Economy

Unemployment

Low consumption expenditure

Regional Imbalances


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Inflation

Backward Agriculture

Poor DevelopmentBackward Technology and

shortage of capital

Social and Political factors


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But some are RICH

Some denselypopulated

countries are POOR

Population Density and Poverty?

PopulationDensity

(persons per sq.km)

GNP per capita(2001 Dollars)

China 134 972India 337 486

Japan 337 29,447

Germany 235 22,466Singapore 5,540 21,644

Belgium 337 22,417

Hong Kong 6,571 23,515

UK 245 24,700


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Effects of Colonisation?

Coloniser

GNP per capita

in 1995 (US$)

South Korea Japan 9,700

Malaysia Britain 3,890Botswana Britain 3,020

Tunisia France 1,820

GNP per capitain 1995 (US$)

Hong Kong 22,900 A difference of

United Kingdom 18,700 $4,200 per capita!


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DISASTER!!!


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Positive Things Happening in India:Middle Class

Currently India adds 40 million peopleto its middle class every year

one-third of them have emerged frompoverty in the last ten years

It is predicted that by 2025 the Majorityof Indians will live in middle class


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The amount of money theUK spends

On chocolateeach yearcould make Africa

NOTlive in poverty


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Conclusion

There is no unique solution for

poverty reduction.

Microfinance( very small loans) hashelped India a lot

Five Year Plans


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Bhagirath Ashiya10P1959

Documents

The Population of India