The plan…. Objectives Review – Climate and physical features Show Map of Africa Climate – Complete Mr. T’s Climate Tour Bantu – Reading and Comprehension

Chapter 2 Africa and the Bantu

Chapter 2

Lesson 1

The plan….• Objectives• Review– Climate and physical features

• Show Map of Africa• Climate– Complete Mr. T’s Climate Tour

• Bantu– Reading and Comprehension Questions

Objectives• Students will learn about the physical

geography of Africa

• Students will find out about the Bantu and their movements across the continent

Review

Latitude vs.

Longitude

Equator and the Prime Merid-ian?

What are these?

Tropical

What are these?

Climate vs.

Weather

What are these?

Polar

What is this?

PracticeFollow along with your work-

sheets.Fill in the boxes when appro-

priate.

With your host:

I pity the fool that doesn’t

learn the world’s climate regions!

Climate Zones

Review time, Sucka!

•Tropical = Low Latitudes

•Temperate = Middle Latitudes

•Polar = High Latitudes

How it works!

OK, listen up!•Use your Tour sheets to follow along with the “T”!•For each region, I’ll talk about what it is, its vegetation, and where you can find it.•Only fools use the book to answer the questions while I talk!

First up,the Low Latitude

s!

That’s“Tropical”

people!

Low LatitudesTropical Wet

• Hot & humid all year

• High rainfall, over 60 in/year

• Located along the equator

Low LatitudesTropical Wet

Vegetation:•Rainforests

•Very diverse(trees, vines, exotic flowers)

•Green year round b/c of rain

Low LatitudesMr. T’s Top 3 Destinations:

Amazon River BasinEcuador Congo River Basin

Low LatitudesTropical Wet/Dry

• Hot all year

• Dry season in winter

• Wet season in summer

Tropical Wet/DryVegetation:• Similar to tropical rainforest• Dense tree and ground cover• Savannah

Low Latitudes


IndiaWest Africa Southeast Asia

Take the Mr. TChallenge!

1. What region can you find grasslands?

2. What region sees rainfall every day?3. What region has pronounced wet & dry seasons? Time to

think!

Now for the

Middle Latitude

s!

It’s where you live,

fool!

You know, in the

Temperate Zone.

Middle LatitudesArid Climate

•Desert

•Hot & dry all year

•Receives less than 10 inches of rain a year.

Middle LatitudesArid Climate

Vegetation:•Plants adapted to heat & drought (I.E. cacti)

Mr. T’s Top HOT Spots:

Atacama Desert Gobi Desert

Sahara Desert

Middle Latitudes

Middle LatitudesSemi-Arid Climate

•Located on the margins of deserts•Unpredictable rains, but more than a desert

Middle LatitudesSemi-Arid Climate

Vegetation:•Similar to desert•Can support grasses (Steppe)

Mr. T is STEPPE-ING out:

African SahelMongolia

(Northern & Central Asia)

Middle Latitudes

Middle LatitudesMarine West Coast Climate•Found in coastal areas•Influenced by sea/ocean•Mild & wet year round

Cities here commonly see heavy

fog!

Middle LatitudesMarine West Coast ClimateVegetation:•Variable mix of evergreen & deciduous forests

Mr. T’s Marine Hangouts:

Seattle London

Middle Latitudes

London fog makes my gold chains hard to

see!

Arrrgh!

Middle LatitudesHumid Subtropical Climate

•Hot, humid summers

•Cool/cold winters

•It’s home!

Middle LatitudesHumid Subtropical Climate

Vegetation:•Dense deciduous forests•Trees cycle w/ seasons

Mr. T Loves Golden Fall Leaves!

Southeastern United States(including Virginia)

Middle Latitudes

I pity the fool who don’t like

gold leaves!

Middle LatitudesHumid Continental Climate•Hot summers

•Cold winters

•Consistent rain

•Continental interior regions

Middle LatitudesHumid Continental ClimateVegetation:•Dense grasslands with trees interspersed

•Great agriculture soils (I.E. grains)

Mr. T’s World Breadbaskets:

NA Midwest Ukraine

Middle Latitudes

Middle LatitudesMediterranean Climate

•Hot, dry summers

•Mild, wet winters

•Located along coasts around 30° latitude

Middle LatitudesMediterranean Climate

Vegetation:•Grow grapes, olives, citrus

When Mr. T’s Dying for Grapes:

California Italian Peninsula

Middle Latitudes


Time to think!

1. What region provides fertile soil for grains?

2. Virginia is located in what region?3. What is the most rain that falls in a true desert?

Now for the High Latitude

s!

Ho ho ho! Okay, elves,

let’s go!

The Polar Zone: where Santa lives.

High LatitudesSub-Arctic Climate

•Very cold w/little rainfall

•Brief summer

High LatitudesSub-Arctic Climate

Vegetation:•Vast conifer forests: Taiga

High LatitudesMr. T Cruises the Conifers

in:

Central & Northern Canada

High LatitudesSub-Polar Climate

•Bitter cold winters•Very brief summers

•Permafrost – ground frozen solid all year

High LatitudesSub-Polar Climate

Vegetation:•Little plant growth

•Lichens, moss, & ferns

High LatitudesMr. T Pounds the

Permafrost:

N. Canada & Alaska

High LatitudesPolar Ice Cap Climate

•Bitter cold all year long•Temps never average over freezing

•Located around the poles

High LatitudesPolar Ice Cap Climate

Vegetation:

•No plant life on the surface (life dependant on plankton)

•Ground covered in ice all year

High LatitudesMr. T Freezes His Mohawk

Off:

N. Pole Ice SheetsAntarctica


1. What region is known for permafrost?

2. Where can you find conifer forests?3. The polar caps are covered in what all year long? Time to

think!

WAIT!I never said we

were through.

There’s one more

region that’s found

everywhere!

It’s called Highland, and only

fools forget it!

All LatitudesHighland Climate

•Can be found in all 3 zones

•Climate based on elevation (higher up = cooler)•Windward side of mountains get more rain

All LatitudesHighland Climate

Vegetation varies with elevation


Andes Mtns, Rocky Mtns& the Himalayas

Why is this informa-tion important?

How do the climate and phys-ical geography influence the

movement of people?

Africa and the Bantu

Social Studies booklet pages 16-18

Bantu• Left west Africa >2000 years

ago

• Great migration across the whole of Africa–What is migration?

• >200,000,000 Bantu, today

Africa’s Physical Geography

• What are on both sides of the equator?• What’s the weather like

there?


• What surround the rain forests?

• What sort of animals live there?


• What can be found north and south of the savannas?

• The _______ _______ is the largest ________ in the world.


• Along the eastern edge of Africa runs a band of ______, deep _______, and rugged ________.

• How does geography affect the way of life in Africa?–Can you grow crops in the desert? Why or why not?


• The Mbooti survive in the _____ _____ by _____ _____ and _____ _____.

How do Africa’s physical features affect how people live?

Reading Check pg 17Write down the answer, it

may be on your next exam^^

Bantu Migration

• How long did the Bantu mi-grate?

• What is sub-Sahara Africa?

• What happened to the old clay and wooden buildings? Iron tools?

Bantu Migration

• What are told by traditional African storytellers?

• What 3 jobs did most Bantu do?

• What is a clan? How are their family histories traced?

Bantu Migration

• Why did the Bantu move?

• What changed as they moved?

• What did they have to do to survive?

Bantu Migration

• What happened if they moved to a new place and people were already there?

• What skill did the Bantu have?• How was it useful for them?

Which skills did the Bantu bring with them?

Reading Check pg 18Write down the answer, it


Describe the important physical features of Africa.

Review Questions pg 18Write down the answer, it


Over how many years did the Bantu migrations oc-cur?

Documents

The plan…. Objectives Review – Climate and physical features Show Map of Africa Climate – Complete Mr. T’s Climate Tour Bantu – Reading and Comprehension