The Persian Gulf War The Persian Gulf War (S)(S)

Big George and Baby GeorgeBig George and Baby George

99thth Grade Review Iran and Grade Review Iran and IraqIraq

Iran=Iran=PersiaPersia, sort of, sort of Iraq=Iraq=MesopotamiaMesopotamia, ,

sort ofsort of Later years, the area was Later years, the area was

controlled by the Mongols controlled by the Mongols and the powerful and the powerful Ottomans Ottomans

The Iran/Iraq Wars 1980-1988 The Iran/Iraq Wars 1980-1988

In 1980, In 1980, Saddam HusseinSaddam Hussein of Iraq of Iraq attacked Iran thinking the new religious attacked Iran thinking the new religious leader, the Ayatollah Khomeini could not win leader, the Ayatollah Khomeini could not win and he could be dominant in the area known and he could be dominant in the area known as the Persian Gulfas the Persian Gulf

Fighting was brutal and included chemical Fighting was brutal and included chemical weapons against both military and civilian weapons against both military and civilian targets.targets.

The US and the west supportedThe US and the west supported IraqIraq while while

the Soviets supported the Soviets supported IranIran. Iran was finally . Iran was finally forced to accept a UN negotiated peace deal forced to accept a UN negotiated peace deal

Attack on KuwaitAttack on KuwaitAugust 1990August 1990

Just a few years after the Just a few years after the conflict with Iran ended, conflict with Iran ended, SaddamSaddam attacked his tiny attacked his tiny neighbor to the south, oil rich neighbor to the south, oil rich KuwaitKuwait

People began to compare him People began to compare him to to HitlerHitler and talked about the and talked about the failure of appeasement in the failure of appeasement in the 1940’s.1940’s.

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The First Persian Gulf WarThe First Persian Gulf WarOperation Desert StormOperation Desert Storm

George Bush I asked George Bush I asked

for a for a world wide world wide efforteffort to stop to stop HusseinHussein

From From January to January to February 1991,February 1991, the United States led the United States led a UN and worldwide a UN and worldwide sponsored team in the sponsored team in the Middle East to drive Middle East to drive Saddam out of Kuwait. Saddam out of Kuwait.

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EFFECTS OF DESERT EFFECTS OF DESERT STORMSTORM

Saddam’s forces were no Saddam’s forces were no match for the US…Iraq quickly match for the US…Iraq quickly fell apart and soldiers deserted fell apart and soldiers deserted

In a last ditch effort, Saddam In a last ditch effort, Saddam set fireset fire to Kuwaiti oil fields, to Kuwaiti oil fields, destroying many before the US destroying many before the US arrived.arrived.

Saddam finally admitted defeat, Saddam finally admitted defeat, but but safe inside Iraqsafe inside Iraq, he , he stayed in power.stayed in power.

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United Nations Weapons United Nations Weapons InspectorsInspectors

The defeated Saddam agreed to allow The defeated Saddam agreed to allow UN UN weapons inspectorsweapons inspectors search for weapons of search for weapons of mass destruction such as nuclear and chemical mass destruction such as nuclear and chemical arsenals arsenals

Saddam was uncooperative and the US and UN agreed Saddam was uncooperative and the US and UN agreed

to an to an embargoembargo by refusing to trade with Iraq. by refusing to trade with Iraq. Iraq said hundreds of thousands of their people starved Iraq said hundreds of thousands of their people starved

to death. Iraq kicked all weapons inspectors out of Iraq to death. Iraq kicked all weapons inspectors out of Iraq

9/119/11 On September 11, 2001, nine On September 11, 2001, nine

terrorists with ties to terrorists with ties to Al Al QaedaQaeda terrorist organizations terrorist organizations hijacked four US commercial hijacked four US commercial planesplanes

Two were flown into the world Two were flown into the world trade center in New York. One trade center in New York. One in the Pentagon. The fourth in the Pentagon. The fourth crashed into a Pennsylvania crashed into a Pennsylvania farm fieldfarm field

Almost Almost 3,000 people3,000 people died. died.

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9/11 Effect on the US9/11 Effect on the US America America

became became involved in at involved in at tremendous tremendous sense of sense of

patriotism patriotism George Bush George Bush

had had tremendous tremendous

supportsupport by by the people and the people and by Congress. by Congress.

George Bush II begins his George Bush II begins his War on TerrorismWar on Terrorism

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US War in Afghanistan US War in Afghanistan

The Islamic fundamentalist The Islamic fundamentalist

group, thegroup, the Taliban Taliban had had control of Afghanistan since control of Afghanistan since after the Soviet withdrawalafter the Soviet withdrawal

In 2002, the US and Britain In 2002, the US and Britain

led anled an invasion invasion of the of the country to take the Osama country to take the Osama and the Taliban out of power and the Taliban out of power

The results have been The results have been mixed…the Taliban are mixed…the Taliban are mostly out but not dead…mostly out but not dead…Osama is still at large.Osama is still at large.

Persian Gulf War IIPersian Gulf War IIOperation Enduring FreedomOperation Enduring Freedom

In January 2003, Bush In January 2003, Bush asked Congress for asked Congress for approval to send troops to approval to send troops to

invade Iraqinvade Iraq. They . They agreedagreed

George Bush tried to get George Bush tried to get the UN and NATO to the UN and NATO to support an attack on Iraq support an attack on Iraq

and and they refusedthey refused only only Britain agreed to help. Britain agreed to help.

““Weapons of Weapons of Mass Mass

Destruction”Destruction” Part of Bush’s claim for war was the fact Part of Bush’s claim for war was the fact

that he had evidence that there were that he had evidence that there were

weapons of Mass weapons of Mass DestructionDestruction in Iraq. in Iraq.

With Saddam not cooperating with the With Saddam not cooperating with the UN and the war on terrorism rising…it UN and the war on terrorism rising…it

was easy to believewas easy to believe?????? The United Nations and other countries The United Nations and other countries

refused to acknowledge any evidence of refused to acknowledge any evidence of weaponsweapons

Within a few year, the Bush Within a few year, the Bush

administration began to administration began to backtrackbacktrack from the WMD claimfrom the WMD claim

Video: Rumsfield on Weapons

The Second Persian Gulf WarThe Second Persian Gulf War Even without UN and worldwide Even without UN and worldwide

support, the US support, the US attacked attacked IraqIraq in March 2003. in March 2003.

Saddam’s government Saddam’s government collapsed within months but collapsed within months but leaders escaped into hiding.leaders escaped into hiding.

The US has been trying to The US has been trying to rebuild Iraq and get a new rebuild Iraq and get a new government into power ever government into power ever since…despite incredible since…despite incredible opposition from a group of Iraqi opposition from a group of Iraqi

civilians who civilians who do not trustdo not trust the US the US

Saddam HusseinSaddam Hussein1937-20061937-2006

A target for US troops, Saddam A target for US troops, Saddam managed to hide successfully managed to hide successfully from American forces until 2003 from American forces until 2003

when he was when he was captured.captured. His sons and his fourteen year His sons and his fourteen year

old grandson were killed in old grandson were killed in fighting against the US fighting against the US

He was captured by US forces He was captured by US forces and put on trial in Iraq. He was and put on trial in Iraq. He was

hanged hanged in 2006 for war in 2006 for war crimes.crimes.

Click for video of Saddam Hussein's’ trial as his verdict was being read