The Periodic TableThe Periodic Table

Biochemistry Class Notes 1Biochemistry Class Notes 1

I. AtomsI. Atoms

A.A. An individual atom is very small. An individual atom is very small.

B.B. Every single object is composed of Every single object is composed of atoms. Your body is made up of atoms. Your body is made up of many individual atoms. many individual atoms.

C. Atoms have three C. Atoms have three parts: parts:

1.1. Proton- positively Proton- positively charged particlecharged particle

2.2. Neutrons- no Neutrons- no chargecharge

3.3. Electron- negatively Electron- negatively charged particlecharged particle

II. ElementsII. Elements

A. There are also A. There are also many different many different types of atoms. types of atoms. (over a 100). These (over a 100). These different types are different types are called called elementselements. .

Examples: Examples: carbon, hydrogen, carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, gold, silver, oxygen, gold, silver, tin, lead etc.tin, lead etc.

III. The Periodic TableIII. The Periodic Table

A.A. The Periodic Table The Periodic Table was first discovered was first discovered in 1869 by Dmitry in 1869 by Dmitry Mendeleyev. Mendeleyev.

B.B. It is a way of It is a way of presenting all the presenting all the elements to show elements to show their similarities their similarities and differences.and differences.

IV. How to use the periodic IV. How to use the periodic tabletable

A.A. The number of The number of protons and protons and electrons is the electrons is the same as the same as the atomic number. atomic number.

B.B. The number of The number of neutrons is found neutrons is found by subtracting the by subtracting the atomic number atomic number from the atomic from the atomic mass. mass.

V. Location of ElectronsV. Location of Electrons

A.A. Electrons go around the outside of Electrons go around the outside of the nucleus in different energy the nucleus in different energy levels.levels.

B.B. The 1The 1stst energy level can hold up to energy level can hold up to 2 electrons, the second can hold up 2 electrons, the second can hold up to 8.to 8.

Summary:Summary:

What are the building blocks of What are the building blocks of everything? What is the purpose of everything? What is the purpose of the periodic table? the periodic table?