World Affairs Institute

The Peace Movement in the SouthAuthor(s): J. J. HallSource: The Advocate of Peace (1894-1920), Vol. 75, No. 4 (APRIL, 1913), pp. 85-86Published by: World Affairs InstituteStable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/20666680 .

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1913 THE ADVOCATE OF PEACE. 85

More memorials of the family may be found at Bring ton, where it is identified with the lordly family of Spen cer, into which the Washingtons married. The manor house at Sulgrave, however, is the one tangible and

poetic object with which Washington may be best con nected through his ancestors in England. It is a place that some of them once owned and in which they lived. It is distinct from every other family seat with which

they or their descendants were connected. The question will be asked, How did this property

come into the Washington family ? It belonged at one time to St. Andrew's priory at Northampton, and was

given by Henry VIII to Laurence Washington, mayor of Northampton, one of whose descendants, John Wash

ington, migrating to Virginia, founded the family from

which, in the third generation, George Washington was descended. It was sold by the son of Laurence, and has been out of the hands of the family for more than two hundred years.

I sought for traces of the monks in the venerable

dwelling, and thought I found them in the passage way that leads in through the portal of the coat-of-arms, there being a niche in the wall that has an ecclesiastical look ; but this was all that reminded me of a chapel or a

monastery. If the manor is bought for a shrine or for a place of

call for Americans visiting England?for example, like Harvard House, at Stratford-on-Avon?there will be

plenty of room on the grounds for the entertainment of visitors. This is the suggestion of the Helmdon coach man, who, with an eye to making the place a public re sort, proposes having a tea garden to which excursions

may come. As Sulgrave is only about an hour's ride from Stratford-on-Avon, it might be visited in connec tion with that historic place. Motor parties go to the

manor; people drive to it from the station, and some

pilgrims go there on foot. The visitors are by no means all Americans, but are often of British nationality. On the day of my arrival our hostess had at luncheon an official of Parliament, who brought with him his sketch book and pencil, in order to make a picture of the house.

Some Americans have failed to see in the manor their anticipated home of the Washingtons, as it does not com pare in its present state with the dignity and prosperity of Mount Vernon. One American refused to believe that he had come to the right place, and pointed to an other house in the neighborhood as more probably the house of which his party was in quest, but the loyal cus todian of the manor, who was righteously offended by his incredulity, ordered him off the grounds forthwith. This incident, however, will serve to indicate how much work will have to be done to the premises before they will satisfy the imagination of an American.

If the people of Great Britain should buy and restore the manor house, as is now proposed, and set it apart as a shrine of pilgrimage by way of celebrating the cen tenary of peace, the American people would undoubtedly be gratified by such a tribute of respect. The act would emphasize once more the oneness in heart of the British American peoples, who could all claim Sulgrave as their own. If the property were bought with English money, Americans might be allowed to assist in putting the mansion in order and in erecting memorials on the premises that, besides helping to beautify them, might minister to the comfort of visitors.

There is a tradition that the Washington coat-of arms?an example of which appears over the portal? was the origin of the stars and stripes of the American

flag. An American visitor who had studied the descrip tion of the coat-of-arms in the Heralds College, about the time of his visit to Sulgrave thirty years ago, found that when the design is translated into terms of color the bars on it represent stripes of red and white. He also observed that on the original coat-of-arms the five

pointed stars were really mullets or spurs. He told the

story in an entertaining manner in a number of St. Nicholas, which is preserved in a scrap-book at Sulgrave, and is, with the exception of an old newspaper article, written to forestall a reported attempt to take down the mansion house, stone by stone, and set it up again in America, the only literature that is available to the curious visitor. The derivation of the American flag from the Washington coat-of-arms was advocated by the writer in St Niciiolas, who made out an ingenious case for it, which was confirmed by a high English authority quoted by him. He illustrated his points by a series of

drawings. The statement was also made by an English authority, with an air of certainty, that the figure of the raven which appears on the Washington crest, and re

appears on the book-plate of Washington, was the coun

terpart of the American eagle. The old story is re

peated that when the task of making the flag was dele gated by a committee of Congress to Betsy Boss, of Philadelphia, she was instructed by Washington himself to do it from a design that was made by him. This de sign, it is hinted by the writer in St Nicholas, might have been based upon the Washington coat-of-arms. But fascinating as this tradition is to the sentimental pilgrim, it is denied by some of the best authorities.

' If,

however, there is nothing more than a coincidence in the appearance of the stars and stripes on the flag and on the coat-of-arms, an American cannot fail to recall it while he is at Sulgrave, where the old tradition is still credited; and, if he could return again, he would like to see there, as a reminder of it, and as evidence of our fraternal relations with Britain, "Old Glory" flying be side the "Union ?Tack."

The Peace Movement in the South. By J. J. Hall, Director South Atlantic States Depart

ment.

The cause of universal peace is making rapid prog ress in the Southland. The churches, universities, and colleges give us a hearty welcome, and the press has been exceedingly friendly to our cause.

Recently a splendid convention was held in Raleigh, N. C, and a State peace organization was effected on

Saturday, March 1. Every paper and speech adver tised was delivered with but one exception, for which we had a splendid substitute in President Poteat, of Wake Forest College. On the preceding night we had an intercollegiate debate arranged by Prof. P. S. Blair. Some of the orations were of a high order, and reflected no little credit upon the young men who entered the contest. We were also fortunate in having from the

Washington office Mr. Arthur Deerin Call, who was of much service to us.

The North Carolina Peace Society starts out well.

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86 THE ADVOCATE OP PEACE. April,

First of all, it is a constituent branch of the American Peace Society. The Hon. Locke Craig, Governor of the State, willingly accepted the honorary presidency, and will gladly do everything in his power to insure its success. Dr. Joyner, Superintendent of Public In

struction, is the able president ; Dr. Wilson, of the uni

versity, the secretary, and Joseph G. Brown, of Raleigh, the treasurer. Dr. Charles Lee Smith is the first vice

president, and N. B. Broughton, chairman of the direc tors. All the officers are men of experience and widely known throughout the State. Hon. James Sprunt and

Judge Pritchard are also vice-presidents. Excellent addresses were made by President L. L. Hobbs, of Guil ford College; President R. T. Vann, of Meredith Col

lege; President W. A. Harper, of Elon College; Prof. C. L. Coon, Mrs. E. E. Moffitt, Arthur Deerin Call, and

President W. L. Poteat.

Sunday, March 2, was a great day for the cause of universal peace. The large Auditorium of Raleigh, one of the finest in the South, was crowded with people. On the platform were the State and city officials, and the

Hon. W. J. Bryan delivered a strong address in behalf of peace among all nations. He wanted no large navy to promote good-will. There sat next to Mr. Bryan

Mr. Josephus Daniels, Secretary of the Navy. The

message of Mr. Bryan was well received and heartily responded to by the vast audience. About one hundred names were handed in of persons who desired to be en rolled as members of the North Carolina Peace Society.

Mr. John Berry, of Raleigh, is the assistant secretary, and the list is in his care.

THE WORK IN SOUTH CAROLINA.

Following the convention in Raleigh, N. C, the writer went to Columbia, S. C, and found President C. S. Mitchell, of the State University, very busy in

working up a great peace rally which was held in the

Washington Street M. E. Church, March 9. The citi zens, as well as the faculty of the university and of the

colleges, and very many of the students, filled the large building and listened to Hamilton Holt's great lecture on "The Federation of the World." The lecture made a fine impression. The writer was invited to follow him, and at the close more than three hundred names were recorded of those who desired to express them selves in favor of arbitration rather than war. We hope that at an early day there will be organized a South Carolina Peace Society, and that these will be enrolled in its membership.

The next morning it was the writer's privilege to ad dress President Mitchell's history class, and then the entire student body and professors, and never has he met with a more hearty reception and response than were given at the University of South Carolina. Our cause has an able exponent in Dr. Mitchell ; nor can we estimate the amount of good he is doing in the imprint he leaves upon the hundreds of young men who come under his influence.

After a brief stop at Greenwood, the writer gave an address on "The Prince of Peace" and visited the Con nie Maxwell Orphanage, where the superintendent had all of the children and teachers come together to hear what message might be given them.

And so the work is going forward. Last Monday I addressed some five hundred young men in the Georgia School of Technology on "The Heroes of Peace."

It is a pleasure to find a project under way?at least suggested?to build a $2,000,000 Monument of Peace for both the North and South, to be erected fifty years after the close of the Civil War, here in the Southland. Let the great nations of the earth raise such a barrier of law, justice, and good-will that war, with all its abominations, will break before it.

The president of the Federation of Women's Clubs of Georgia has appointed a committee to attend the Fourth American Peace Congress, to be held in St. Louis, May 1, 2, 3, and 4. It is very important that the South be largely represented at that Congress, and in every way let us strengthen our hands and cheer our hearts for the great work that is still before us.

Work of the Massachusetts Peace

Society. Campaign for National Honor on the Question of Panama

Tolls.

Feeling strongly that Senator Root and other lead ing statesmen should be supported in their efforts to secure the repeal of the clause in the Panama Canal act exempting coastwise shipping from the payment of tolls, or that the question at issue should be referred to arbitration if requested by the British government, the directors of the Massachusetts Peace Society have insti tuted a campaign for the maintenance of the good faith of the nation in keeping its treaty obligations.

All persons who will co-operate with the society in this campaign for national honor by holding meetings or securing signatures to petitions are asked to write to the secretary, James L. Tryon, 31 Beacon street, Boston.

The society has already presented, through its repre sentatives in Congress, resolutions on this subject, and has been in communication with more than sixty peace societies throughout the United States, several of whom have already signified their intention to co-operate in this movement.

The following is the wording of the petition sent by the society to all its workers, to presidents of boards of trade, clergymen, and others in Massachusetts, with an invitation to them to secure signatures : To the Senate and House of Representatives in Congress

Assembled:

Whereas, good faith in keeping the obligations of treaties is a fundamental principle of national government and of international law; and Whereas, by the Hay-Pauncefote Treaty the United States

agreed to grant to all nations observing the rules of neu trality the use of the Panama Canal on terms of entire equality and without discrimination ; and

Whereas, by the Panama Canal Act the Congress of the United States has made a discrimination against the shipping of Great Britain and other nations, contrary to the terms of the Hay-Pauncefote Treaty and official declarations of Amer ican statesmen, by exempting American coastwise vessels from the payment of tolls ;

We, the undersigned citizens of -, Massachusetts, be lieving that a breach of national honor has been committed,

urge the repeal of the exemption clause in the Panama Canal Act, or, upon application of Great Britain, the submission to arbitration of the question at issue with the British Govern ment.

The secretary reports that signatures are coming in with every mail.

The Massachusetts Peace Society invited ministers to take "National Honor" for a subject of their sermon

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