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The Path to Global Standards Harmonization for
Transformer Association
Robert G. Stoll
The Transformer AssociationApril 12, 2007
Presentation Format Introduction Global Standards Global Relevance International Electrotechnical Commission Development of an IEC Standard IEC – Transformers - TC 96 PTI Global Standards Story The Story Challenges Group Power / The Group Three Years Later/The Next Three Years Currently Next Steps Costs Questions
Introduction Almost every industrial sector is
influenced in some way by activities in other parts of the world
Standards have a role in nearly every conceivable industry, from power tools and appliances to automobiles to homeland security and most importantly transformers
Global impact of a standard should be carefully considered during its development and implementation
Global Standards
International standards contribute to making International standards contribute to making the development, manufacturing and supply of the development, manufacturing and supply of products and services more efficient, safer, products and services more efficient, safer, and cleaner.and cleaner.
Make trade between countries easier and fairer. Make trade between countries easier and fairer. Provide governments with a technical base for Provide governments with a technical base for
health, safety and environmentalhealth, safety and environmental Aid in transferring technology to developing Aid in transferring technology to developing
countries.countries. In general, international standards serve to In general, international standards serve to
safeguard the consumers and users of safeguard the consumers and users of products.products.
Global Standards Development Developing a standard that will be Developing a standard that will be
accepted and implemented on a accepted and implemented on a global scale is not easyglobal scale is not easy
Things to considerThings to consider Cultural differencesCultural differences Regulatory requirementsRegulatory requirements Market requirementsMarket requirements
True test of an international standard True test of an international standard is whether it is actually used globallyis whether it is actually used globally
Global Relevance• Broad effort in international Broad effort in international
standardization that embraces a more standardization that embraces a more inclusive approach.inclusive approach.
• Taking into account the needs of all Taking into account the needs of all countries.countries.
• Considering the differences in Considering the differences in • InfrastructureInfrastructure• EnvironmentEnvironment• Social differences during standards Social differences during standards
development. development. • Affects the technical design of products Affects the technical design of products
as well as testing and the rating as well as testing and the rating procedures which need to be repeatable procedures which need to be repeatable and reproducible all over the world.and reproducible all over the world.
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC)
IEC states the followingIEC states the following ““the desired characteristic of an the desired characteristic of an
international standard is that it can international standard is that it can be used or implemented as broadly be used or implemented as broadly as possible by affected industries as possible by affected industries and other stakeholders in countries and other stakeholders in countries around the world”around the world”
Development of an IEC Standard
PWIPWI NPNP CDCD CCCC CDVCDV FDISFDIS Published StandardPublished Standard IEC GeneralIEC General
Potential New Work Item (PWI)
Proposer can be:Proposer can be: National Committee (NC)National Committee (NC) SecretarySecretary Liaison organizationLiaison organization General SecretaryGeneral Secretary
New Proposal (NP)
Approval process Approval process simple majority of members (51%)simple majority of members (51%) at least 5 experts to be nominatedat least 5 experts to be nominated
RejectedRejected End of workEnd of work
ApprovedApproved Becomes new work item proposal Becomes new work item proposal
(NP)(NP)
New Work Item Proposal (NWIP)
3 month vote3 month vote Nominate experts and project leaderNominate experts and project leader Working Draft (WD) within 6 months Working Draft (WD) within 6 months
after initiationafter initiation Working Group (WG) is disbandedWorking Group (WG) is disbanded
Committee Draft (CD)
Committee Draft circulated to National Committee Draft circulated to National CommitteesCommittees
Circulation timeCirculation time First CD, at least 3 months, no more than 6 First CD, at least 3 months, no more than 6
monthsmonths Subsequent CDs 3 monthsSubsequent CDs 3 months
National Committees submit commentsNational Committees submit comments
Compilation of Comments (CC)
Editorial comments: Secretary makes Editorial comments: Secretary makes changes changes
Technical comments: Technical comments: Discussed with technical chairman and/or Discussed with technical chairman and/or
project leaderproject leader Revised CDRevised CD CD out again for comments; 3 months CD out again for comments; 3 months
maximummaximum
Committee Draft (CD) Maturity
Mature means that the draft has Mature means that the draft has reached technical consensusreached technical consensus
Maximum cumulated total time: 24 Maximum cumulated total time: 24 monthsmonths
Committee Draft for Vote (CDV)
CDV goes out for 5 month vote CDV goes out for 5 month vote National Committees voteNational Committees vote
One vote per countryOne vote per country Votes: positive, negative, or abstentionVotes: positive, negative, or abstention P-members - participating (vote counts)P-members - participating (vote counts) O-members - observing (can only O-members - observing (can only
comment, cannot vote)comment, cannot vote)
Committee Draft for Vote (continued)
CDV approved if CDV approved if 2/3 majority vote positive2/3 majority vote positive Not more than 1/4 votes are negativeNot more than 1/4 votes are negative Abstentions and negative votes without Abstentions and negative votes without
technical reasons are not countedtechnical reasons are not counted Resolution of commentsResolution of comments Preparation of final manuscript by Preparation of final manuscript by
secretarysecretary
Final Draft International Standard (FDIS)
Maximum cumulated total time: 3 yearsMaximum cumulated total time: 3 years Two month voteTwo month vote
Positive: published IEC standard within two Positive: published IEC standard within two months after voting endsmonths after voting ends
Negative: back to Technical Committee Negative: back to Technical Committee (TC)(TC)
FDIS approved if: FDIS approved if: 2/3 majority vote positive2/3 majority vote positive Not more than 1/4 votes are negativeNot more than 1/4 votes are negative
Systematic Review of International Standards
Every standard reviewed every five yearsEvery standard reviewed every five years Maintenance ProceduresMaintenance Procedures
Amendments/revisions to existing standardsAmendments/revisions to existing standards Maintenance teams (working groups)Maintenance teams (working groups) No new work No new work Maintenance cycle - same document flowMaintenance cycle - same document flow
CD > CDV > FDISCD > CDV > FDIS Results in revised or amended publicationResults in revised or amended publication
Cycle time agreed by the Technical CommitteeCycle time agreed by the Technical Committee
IEC General
Central Office (CO) Geneva, SwitzerlandCentral Office (CO) Geneva, Switzerland All documents must be electronicAll documents must be electronic Internet: www.iec.chInternet: www.iec.ch New numbering systemNew numbering system
ISO from 1 to 59999ISO from 1 to 59999 IEC from 60000 to 79999IEC from 60000 to 79999
IEC - Transformers
IEC 61558-1IEC 61558-1 EN 61558-1EN 61558-1 TC 96TC 96 20 P-member (10 O-member) countries20 P-member (10 O-member) countries Current TTA (US) Members Current TTA (US) Members Mitch Rhine - Signal Transformer Mitch Rhine - Signal Transformer Jeff Brown - Cramer Coil & Transformer Co., Jeff Brown - Cramer Coil & Transformer Co.,
Inc.Inc. Loss of UL US TAG RepresentativeLoss of UL US TAG Representative
IEC – TC 96 Scope:Scope: Standardization in the field of safety Standardization in the field of safety
and EMC of transformers, reactors, power and EMC of transformers, reactors, power supply units, and similar products for low supply units, and similar products for low voltages up to 1100 V a.c. and a rated voltages up to 1100 V a.c. and a rated frequency up to 100 MHz.frequency up to 100 MHz.
Chairman (Denmark) Chairman (Denmark) Mr. Gert BUKKJAER (DK)Mr. Gert BUKKJAER (DK) Secretary (Germany)Secretary (Germany) Mr. Wolfgang REICHELT (DE)Mr. Wolfgang REICHELT (DE)
Power Tool Institute The Power Tool Institute is the preeminent
trade association for power tools. Its members represent all of the major
market-leading brands in the areas of portable and stationary, including cordless power tools.
Major areas of focus are Safety Education Standards Legislative
Power Tool Institute Members THE BLACK & DECKER CORPORATION BOSCH POWER TOOLS DEWALT DELTA DREMEL HILTI, INC. HITACHI KOKI, U.S.A., LTD JET EQUIPMENT & TOOLS/WMH TOOL GROUP MAKITA USA, INC. METABO CORPORATION MILWAUKEE ELECTRIC TOOL CORPORATION PENTAIR TOOL GROUP ROBERT BOSCH TOOL CORP. ROTOZIP POWER TOOLS RYOBI TECHNOLOGIES, INC. SIOUX TOOLS SKIL POWER TOOLS
PTI’s Global Standards Story• WHY?WHY?• All of the companies are global.All of the companies are global.• All manufacture and sell worldwide.All manufacture and sell worldwide.• Cost SavingsCost Savings
• One DesignOne Design• Easier to manufactureEasier to manufacture• FlexibilityFlexibility• Purchasing (larger volumes) (better discount)Purchasing (larger volumes) (better discount)• One test (CB Scheme) accepted by allOne test (CB Scheme) accepted by all
• European Power Tool Association (EPTA)European Power Tool Association (EPTA)• Japanese Equipment Manufacturer’s Japanese Equipment Manufacturer’s
Association (JEMA)Association (JEMA)• UL / CSA Binational experienceUL / CSA Binational experience
The Story - Standards
• Began in 1999Began in 1999• Tools - 4 main categories Tools - 4 main categories
• Portable (IEC 60745)Portable (IEC 60745)• Transportable (IEC 61029)Transportable (IEC 61029)• Cordless (IEC 62043)Cordless (IEC 62043)• Garden (IEC 60335)Garden (IEC 60335)
• International Electrotechnical International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) - SC61FCommission (IEC) - SC61F
The Story• Decide to start with portable tools
• Easiest• High probability of success
• Assembled of team of standards engineers from PTI, EPTA, & JEMA
• Became the Working Group• Meetings alternated between
USA/Europe
Challenges Each group had different standards
with a long safe track record and a history of users preferences
Politics Have to remember that most of the
people were from the same company – just different parts of the world
MUST be driven with the support of top management
Group Power USA through PTI applied for the IEC SC
61F Secretariat Bosch Germany became the IEC SC 61F
Secretariat Chairman These individuals held positions within
CENELEC (EN standards for Europe) Pursued Parallel Voting – at the CDV
level the IEC and EN are the same and jointly reviewed.
The Group
The group begins to work together. Everyone had the same goal – SAFETY. Numerous battles fought during the meetings. At the end of the day, all were friends and
relationships formed. Group transforms from an industry group to
include UL, CSA, Government Safety Officials Became an IEC Maintenance Team(s)
Three Years Later (2002)
IEC 60745-1: Released the 3rd edition – incorporates a combination of UL/CSA, EN & IEC standards.
IEC 60745-2s (22): Released over the next year to complement IEC 60745-1.
Example of consensus not reached 60745-2-5 Circular Saws Both style products in Standards Marketplace will pick the “winner”
2002-2005
• Decided to incorporate the cordless tools as an annex to IEC 60745
• Eliminated the separate cordless standard (IEC 62043)
• Saves future maintenance and work• Released 2 amendments to IEC
60745-1, Edition 3• Released IEC 60745-1 Edition 4• Updated numerous 60745-2s
Currently
• IEC 60745-1 Edition 5• Incorporates IEC 61029 & IEC 60335• Committee Draft (CD) just released• Saves manpower• Saves time• Easier to maintain• Aligns with EN and manufacturer’s
interest
Next Steps
Create IEC 60745-2s to update to IEC 60745-1 4th edition by Maintenance Team 4
Create IEC 61029-2s (10) to update to IEC 60745-1 5th edition by Maintenance Team 4
Create IEC 60335-2s (7) to update to IEC 60745-1 5th edition by Maintenance Team 3
5 more years until completion Then only ongoing maintenance.
COSTS
• Manpower• Travel• Individual companies• Association• Benefit has exceeded costs
Questions