THE PARALLEL THE PARALLEL BINARY ADDERBINARY ADDER

BY: BY:

MATHEW AU &MATHEW AU &

AKSHAY AHOOJAAKSHAY AHOOJA

The History Of The The History Of The CalculatorCalculator

Ancient Times - The abacus is the main aid to calculation.

1600 - "Napier's bones" invented by John Napier for multiplication, based on the ancient numerical scheme known as the Arabian lattice.

1623 - Willhelm Schickard invented the "Calculating Clock", the first mechanical calculator. It used a version of Napier's bones for multiplication with a mechanical adding/subtracting calculator based on gears, with mutilated gears for carry.

1642 - Blaise Pascal started to develop a mechanical calculator - the Pascaline. Capable of addition, subtraction was performed by nines-complement addition, and multiplication was performed by repeated additions and subtractions. It had shortcomings and failed to sell.

1853 - The Scheutz Difference Engine completed: the world's first printing calculator.

1878 - The first direct multiplication machine was built by Raymond Verea

History History (Continued)(Continued)

1900 - 1960- Mechanical calculators developed slowly - electric motor drive, reduction in size, added features (eg. automatic multiplication & division).

1948 - Curta miniature hand-held mechanical calculator introduced

1960 - First electronic desktop calculator - Bell Punch/Sumlock Anita Mk VII - based on cold-cathode vacuum tubes

1970 - First hand-held calculators

1972 - First scientific pocket calculator introduced

1977 - Solar powered calculators introduced.

HOW IT WORKS?HOW IT WORKS?

551010

+4+41010

991010

IN BINARY…IN BINARY…

10110122

+100+10022

1001100122

4 2 1

HOW IT WORKS HOW IT WORKS (Continued)(Continued)

FAFA HA

1

010011

0

0

0

01

Carry

ANSWER = 1 0 0 12 910

HA – Half Adder

FA- Full Adder

CIRCUIT DIAGRAMCIRCUIT DIAGRAMHA - Red

FA1- Green

FA2 -Blue

THE BREADBOARDTHE BREADBOARD

HA - Red

FA1- Green

FA2 -Blue

AKSHAY AHOOJA

MATT AU

THE END