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William K. Hartmann M y grandfather used to tell me stories about the Old Days. After the Chinese landed on the Moon, the Americans started this crash program to go to Mars. But when they started stopping off at asteroids on the way, they decided that asteroids were more valuable. They claimed some of them were made of pure iron. My grandfather was on one of the prospecting crews that flew to one of them, number 3341 he called it. They thought it had metals, but it turned out to be one of the uninteresting ones. He told me he never went back, but he did spend time at the research station on Mars until they closed it down. In private, he still claimed they had found microbes under the permafrost, in spite of the scriptural counter-arguments. He thought people in his generation were heading into a golden age, because they were moving mineral extraction industries into space and powering them by solar energy, and reducing the levels of twentieth-century pollution on Earth. He said something about cutting the CO 2 emissions, which they used to claim were the cause of the ice caps melt- ing. Of course, as we know today, it was all based on secular hubris, funded by big gov- ernment programs that used taxes to benefit university intellectuals. The problem was that the scientists and academics appealed to so-called facts instead of common sense and faith. They tried to indoctrinate children with godless liberal ideas. For example, they claimed that the Earth was 4.5 billion years old, which we now know to be a mistake due to trusting isotopes that were put in the ground by Satan. They also claimed that humans could build intelli- gent machines, that life had been created beyond Eden on Mars, and that planets had been discovered around other stars — ideas that would make Earth and humanity merely a random part of nature, instead of the cen- terpiece of Creation. Fortunately, common sense began to prevail when the US Senate cut off the funding for this type of research and removed these ideas from school curricula. The cut-off of public funding to secular humanist universities and science founda- tions proved that those once-coddled insti- tutions couldn’t compete in the modern market-place. The resulting tax cuts, and the institution of free-enterprise-based funding of scholars through approved Think Tanks, ushered in our new Fundamentalist Age. The corrupting influence of ‘secular science’ has been well documented. For example, there against the scientific method, we survivors have gained the Lord’s approval once again. That is why people like my grandfather had to be sequestered, both for their own good and for the good of civilization. David (aged 19). Admissions essay for the George Will Think Tank, 2063. The paradigm and the pendulum All hail the new Dark Ages. futures NATURE | VOL 404 | 20 APRIL 2000 | www.nature.com 817 were attempts to redistribute the natural diversities in wealth, reduce population, teach children that men were related to apes, and encourage women to participate in pub- lic life. The Lord rendered his judgement on these evils in the 2050s by sending famines and plagues. With the world-wide Jihad T he end of the scientific era began in the United States around 2000, when fundamentalist political forces allied themselves with anti-environmentalist international corporate interests, and began to attain electoral majorities, due to splinter- ing of the political centre. Starting with con- trol of local school districts, they eventually captured the national government. This suc- cess encouraged fundamentalism in Europe and Asia. All these forces shared a revulsion against what they regarded as the corrupting spread of humanistic thinking associated with the scientific method, which had promoted unpopular new data about biological evolu- tion, the plurality of worlds, species extinc- tions and global climate change. In various countries this political alliance terminated the funding of traditional scientific research and destroyed a number of libraries and databases. This, in turn, ended the fledgling efforts to deal with environmental, health, and population issues, and to establish human capability in space. Since the decline of the fundamentalist movement, new research has supported some of the once-ridiculed twentieth-cen- tury work. Isotopic work at the University of Iceland has reaffirmed the great antiquity of Greenland rocks and the purported lunar rock samples. Resources of solar-based energy and asteroidal metals reported in the 2020s, if confirmed, could help to re-estab- lish a vibrant technology-based civilization. But many scholars argue that it is too late: the destruction of the global scientific infra- structure, coinciding with the near-exhaus- tion of easily accessible terrestrial resources in the mid-twenty-first century, effectively prohibits humanity from achieving a sec- ond industrial revolution or becoming an interplanetary culture. In this view, we are now imprisoned on Earth forever. Report on the New Science, UNESCO II conference, Spitsbergen, June 2100. Planetary scientist William K. Hartmann was the first winner of the Carl Sagan Medal of the American Astronomical Society (1998). His current novel, Mars Underground (Saint Martin’s Press), deals with government control of science and is the basis for some of the history described here. JACEY © 1999 Macmillan Magazines Ltd

The paradigm and the pendulum

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Page 1: The paradigm and the pendulum

William K. Hartmann

My grandfather used to tell me storiesabout the Old Days. After the Chineselanded on the Moon, the Americans

started this crash program to go to Mars. Butwhen they started stopping off at asteroids onthe way, they decided that asteroids weremore valuable. They claimed some of themwere made of pure iron. My grandfather wason one of the prospecting crews that flew toone of them, number 3341 he called it. Theythought it had metals, but it turned out to beone of the uninteresting ones. He told me henever went back, but he did spend time at theresearch station on Mars until they closed itdown. In private, he still claimed they hadfound microbes under the permafrost, inspite of the scriptural counter-arguments.

He thought people in his generation wereheading into a golden age, because they weremoving mineral extraction industries intospace and powering them by solar energy,and reducing the levels of twentieth-centurypollution on Earth. He said something aboutcutting the CO2 emissions, which they usedto claim were the cause of the ice caps melt-ing. Of course, as we know today, it was allbased on secular hubris, funded by big gov-ernment programs that used taxes to benefituniversity intellectuals.

The problem was that the scientists andacademics appealed to so-called facts insteadof common sense and faith. They tried toindoctrinate children with godless liberalideas. For example, they claimed that theEarth was 4.5 billion years old, which we nowknow to be a mistake due to trusting isotopesthat were put in the ground by Satan. Theyalso claimed that humans could build intelli-gent machines, that life had been createdbeyond Eden on Mars, and that planets hadbeen discovered around other stars — ideasthat would make Earth and humanity merelya random part of nature, instead of the cen-terpiece of Creation. Fortunately, commonsense began to prevail when the US Senate cutoff the funding for this type of research andremoved these ideas from school curricula.

The cut-off of public funding to secularhumanist universities and science founda-tions proved that those once-coddled insti-tutions couldn’t compete in the modernmarket-place. The resulting tax cuts, and theinstitution of free-enterprise-based fundingof scholars through approved Think Tanks,ushered in our new Fundamentalist Age. Thecorrupting influence of ‘secular science’ hasbeen well documented. For example, there

against the scientific method, we survivorshave gained the Lord’s approval once again.That is why people like my grandfather hadto be sequestered, both for their own goodand for the good of civilization. ■

David (aged 19). Admissions essay for the GeorgeWill Think Tank, 2063.

The paradigm and the pendulumAll hail the new Dark Ages.

futures

NATURE | VOL 404 | 20 APRIL 2000 | www.nature.com 817

were attempts to redistribute the naturaldiversities in wealth, reduce population,teach children that men were related to apes,and encourage women to participate in pub-lic life. The Lord rendered his judgement onthese evils in the 2050s by sending faminesand plagues. With the world-wide Jihad

The end of the scientific era began in theUnited States around 2000, whenfundamentalist political forces allied

themselves with anti-environmentalistinternational corporate interests, and beganto attain electoral majorities, due to splinter-ing of the political centre. Starting with con-trol of local school districts, they eventuallycaptured the national government. This suc-cess encouraged fundamentalism in Europeand Asia.

All these forces shared a revulsion againstwhat they regarded as the corrupting spreadof humanistic thinking associated with thescientific method, which had promotedunpopular new data about biological evolu-tion, the plurality of worlds, species extinc-tions and global climate change. In variouscountries this political alliance terminatedthe funding of traditional scientific researchand destroyed a number of libraries anddatabases. This, in turn, ended the fledglingefforts to deal with environmental, health,

and population issues, and to establishhuman capability in space.

Since the decline of the fundamentalistmovement, new research has supportedsome of the once-ridiculed twentieth-cen-tury work. Isotopic work at the University ofIceland has reaffirmed the great antiquity ofGreenland rocks and the purported lunarrock samples. Resources of solar-basedenergy and asteroidal metals reported in the2020s, if confirmed, could help to re-estab-lish a vibrant technology-based civilization.

But many scholars argue that it is too late:the destruction of the global scientific infra-structure, coinciding with the near-exhaus-tion of easily accessible terrestrial resourcesin the mid-twenty-first century, effectivelyprohibits humanity from achieving a sec-ond industrial revolution or becoming aninterplanetary culture. In this view, we arenow imprisoned on Earth forever. ■

Report on the New Science, UNESCO IIconference, Spitsbergen, June 2100.

Planetary scientist William K. Hartmann was the first winner of the Carl Sagan Medal of the AmericanAstronomical Society (1998). His current novel, Mars Underground (Saint Martin’s Press), deals withgovernment control of science and is the basis for some of the history described here.

JAC

EY

© 1999 Macmillan Magazines Ltd