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The Original Plan. There would be a number of candidates (certainly more than just two). James. George. Thomas. John. Andrew. Each state gets a number of electors equal its number of Representatives and Senators. Each state legislature would decide how its electors are chosen. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Electing the President
Electing the President
The Original Plan
Electing the PresidentThere would be a number of candidates (certainly more than just two).
James George Thomas John Andrew
Electing the PresidentEach state gets a number of electors equal its number of Representatives and Senators.
Electing the PresidentEach state legislature would decide how its electors are chosen.
Electing the PresidentEach elector would vote for two candidates for president.
ThomasJohn
ThomasJames
GeorgeAndrew
ThomasAndrew
GeorgeJohn
GeorgeThomas
GeorgeJames
GeorgeJohn
George Andrew
ThomasJames
GeorgeThomas
Electing the PresidentThe candidate with the most votes (provided that it was at least a majority) would become president. The candidate with the second most votes would be the vice president.
James George Thomas John Andrew
3 7 6 3 3
Electing the President
What Went Wrong?
Electing the PresidentTwo political parties formed and each nominated two men for president.
Alex
Thomas John
Aaron
Democratic - Republicans
Federalists
Electing the PresidentAll of the electors voted for the two men in their political party
Alex
Thomas John
Aaron
Democratic - Republicans
Federalists
ThomasAaron
ThomasAaron
ThomasAaron
ThomasAaron
ThomasAaron
JohnAlex
JohnAlex
JohnAlex
Electing the PresidentUnder this system, every election would end in a tie.
Alex
Thomas John
Aaron
Democratic - Republicans
Federalists
5
5
3
3
Electing the President
How did we fix this?
Twelfth Amendment
Electing the PresidentEach elector votes separately for president and vice president.
Alex
Thomas John
Aaron
Democratic - Republicans
Federalists
Pres: ThomasVP: Aaron
Pres: JohnVP: Alex
Pres: JohnVP: Alex
Pres: JohnVP: Alex
Pres: ThomasVP: Aaron
Pres: ThomasVP: Aaron
Pres: ThomasVP: Aaron
Pres: ThomasVP: Aaron
Electing the President
Alex
Thomas John
Aaron
Democratic - Republicans
Federalists
Pres:5
VP:5
Pres:3
VP:3
Electing the President
The System Today• Three campaigns• Rules set by:
U.S. Constitution State and Federal Law Political Parties
Electing the PresidentCampaign #3: The General Election
Senator Barack ObamaDemocrat
Senator John McCainRepublican
Electing the PresidentCampaign #3: The General Election
How were the two candidates in Campaign #3 selected?
Electing the PresidentCampaigns #1 and #2: The Primaries
Step 1: Political parties announce conventionsStep 2: Candidates announce desire to be the parties nominee
Electing the PresidentCampaigns #1 and #2: The Primaries
Democrats Republicans
Electing the PresidentCampaigns #1 and #2: The Primaries
Step 1: Political parties announce conventionsStep 2: Candidates announce desire to be the parties nomineeStep 3: Campaigns and debates begin
Electing the President
Electing the PresidentCampaigns #1 and #2: The Primaries
Step 1: Political parties announce conventionsStep 2: Candidates announce desire to be the parties nomineeStep 3: Campaigns and debates beginStep 4: State by state primaries and caucuses occur. Candidates collect delegates to the convention.
Electing the President
Democrats Republicans
Electing the President
Democrats Republicans
Electing the PresidentCampaigns #1 and #2: The Primaries
Democrats Republicans
124
80
30
12
8
4
62
4
45
0
78
14
Electing the President
Democrats Republicans
Electing the President
Democrats Republicans
Electing the PresidentCampaigns #1 and #2: The Primaries
Democrats Republicans
72
90
10
0
9
1
55
0
0
0
0
0
Electing the PresidentCampaigns #1 and #2: The Primaries
Democrats Republicans
2,158
1,920
1,401
Electing the PresidentCampaigns #1 and #2: The Primaries
Step 1: Political parties announce conventionsStep 2: Candidates announce desire to be the parties nomineeStep 3: Campaigns and debates beginStep 4: State by state primaries and caucuses occur. Candidates collect delegates to the convention.Step 5: Nominee made “official” at convention
Electing the President
Electing the PresidentCampaign #3: The General Election
Senator Barack ObamaDemocrat
Senator John McCainRepublican
Electing the PresidentCampaign #3: The General Election
• NOT a national election• 50 individual state elections (and D.C.)• The candidate that gets the most votes
in a state wins all of that states electors (except for Maine and Nebraska)
Electing the President
Electing the President
Electing the President
Electing the President
Electing the President
Electing the President
Electing the President
Electing the President
Electing the President
Electing the President
Electing the President
Electing the President
Electing the President
Electing the President
Electing the President
Electing the PresidentCampaign #3: The General Election
• A candidate must win a majority of electors (270 or more) or else . . .
• The House of Representatives decides the election – 1 vote per state
• The House has decided two elections (1800 and 1824)
Electing the PresidentCampaign #3: The General Election
Senator Barack ObamaDemocrat
Senator John McCainRepublican
Electing the President
How could a candidate get the most popular votes and not win the in the
Electoral College?
Electing the President
Electing the President
Electing the PresidentState Voters Electors
Indiana 6,000,000 11
Illinois 12,500,000 21
Wisconsin 5,000,000 10
Michigan 10,000,000 17
Electing the President
PopularVote
Electors
State A B A B
Indiana
Illinois
Wisconsin
Michigan
Total
State Voters Electors
Indiana 6,000,000 11
Illinois 12,500,000 21
Wisconsin 5,000,000 10
Michigan 10,000,000 17
Electing the President
PopularVote
Electors
State A B A B
Indiana 4M
Illinois
Wisconsin
Michigan
Total
State Voters Electors
Indiana 6,000,000 11
Illinois 12,500,000 21
Wisconsin 5,000,000 10
Michigan 10,000,000 17
Electing the President
PopularVote
Electors
State A B A B
Indiana 4M 2M
Illinois
Wisconsin
Michigan
Total
State Voters Electors
Indiana 6,000,000 11
Illinois 12,500,000 21
Wisconsin 5,000,000 10
Michigan 10,000,000 17
Electing the President
PopularVote
Electors
State A B A B
Indiana 4M 2M 11
Illinois
Wisconsin
Michigan
Total
State Voters Electors
Indiana 6,000,000 11
Illinois 12,500,000 21
Wisconsin 5,000,000 10
Michigan 10,000,000 17
Electing the President
PopularVote
Electors
State A B A B
Indiana 4M 2M 11
Illinois 6M
Wisconsin
Michigan
Total
State Voters Electors
Indiana 6,000,000 11
Illinois 12,500,000 21
Wisconsin 5,000,000 10
Michigan 10,000,000 17
Electing the President
PopularVote
Electors
State A B A B
Indiana 4M 2M 11
Illinois 6M 6.5M
Wisconsin
Michigan
Total
State Voters Electors
Indiana 6,000,000 11
Illinois 12,500,000 21
Wisconsin 5,000,000 10
Michigan 10,000,000 17
Electing the President
PopularVote
Electors
State A B A B
Indiana 4M 2M 11
Illinois 6M 6.5M 21
Wisconsin
Michigan
Total
State Voters Electors
Indiana 6,000,000 11
Illinois 12,500,000 21
Wisconsin 5,000,000 10
Michigan 10,000,000 17
Electing the President
PopularVote
Electors
State A B A B
Indiana 4M 2M 11
Illinois 6M 6.5M 21
Wisconsin 3M
Michigan
Total
State Voters Electors
Indiana 6,000,000 11
Illinois 12,500,000 21
Wisconsin 5,000,000 10
Michigan 10,000,000 17
Electing the President
PopularVote
Electors
State A B A B
Indiana 4M 2M 11
Illinois 6M 6.5M 21
Wisconsin 3M 2M
Michigan
Total
State Voters Electors
Indiana 6,000,000 11
Illinois 12,500,000 21
Wisconsin 5,000,000 10
Michigan 10,000,000 17
Electing the President
PopularVote
Electors
State A B A B
Indiana 4M 2M 11
Illinois 6M 6.5M 21
Wisconsin 3M 2M 10
Michigan
Total
State Voters Electors
Indiana 6,000,000 11
Illinois 12,500,000 21
Wisconsin 5,000,000 10
Michigan 10,000,000 17
Electing the President
PopularVote
Electors
State A B A B
Indiana 4M 2M 11
Illinois 6M 6.5M 21
Wisconsin 3M 2M 10
Michigan 4M
Total
State Voters Electors
Indiana 6,000,000 11
Illinois 12,500,000 21
Wisconsin 5,000,000 10
Michigan 10,000,000 17
Electing the President
PopularVote
Electors
State A B A B
Indiana 4M 2M 11
Illinois 6M 6.5M 21
Wisconsin 3M 2M 10
Michigan 4M 6M
Total
State Voters Electors
Indiana 6,000,000 11
Illinois 12,500,000 21
Wisconsin 5,000,000 10
Michigan 10,000,000 17
Electing the President
PopularVote
Electors
State A B A B
Indiana 4M 2M 11
Illinois 6M 6.5M 21
Wisconsin 3M 2M 10
Michigan 4M 6M 17
Total
State Voters Electors
Indiana 6,000,000 11
Illinois 12,500,000 21
Wisconsin 5,000,000 10
Michigan 10,000,000 17
Electing the President
PopularVote
Electors
State A B A B
Indiana 4M 2M 11
Illinois 6M 6.5M 21
Wisconsin 3M 2M 10
Michigan 4M 6M 17
Total 17M
State Voters Electors
Indiana 6,000,000 11
Illinois 12,500,000 21
Wisconsin 5,000,000 10
Michigan 10,000,000 17
Electing the President
PopularVote
Electors
State A B A B
Indiana 4M 2M 11
Illinois 6M 6.5M 21
Wisconsin 3M 2M 10
Michigan 4M 6M 17
Total 17M 16.5M
State Voters Electors
Indiana 6,000,000 11
Illinois 12,500,000 21
Wisconsin 5,000,000 10
Michigan 10,000,000 17
Electing the President
PopularVote
Electors
State A B A B
Indiana 4M 2M 11
Illinois 6M 6.5M 21
Wisconsin 3M 2M 10
Michigan 4M 6M 17
Total 17M 16.5M 21
State Voters Electors
Indiana 6,000,000 11
Illinois 12,500,000 21
Wisconsin 5,000,000 10
Michigan 10,000,000 17
Electing the President
PopularVote
Electors
State A B A B
Indiana 4M 2M 11
Illinois 6M 6.5M 21
Wisconsin 3M 2M 10
Michigan 4M 6M 17
Total 17M 16.5M 21 38
State Voters Electors
Indiana 6,000,000 11
Illinois 12,500,000 21
Wisconsin 5,000,000 10
Michigan 10,000,000 17